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Title:
LENTICULAR BOOK
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2016/075585
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
A book which is contructed from plastic sheets which have been fabricated to form lenticular lenses on one side (47), which are printed directly onto or which have a printed page laminated to the side opposite to the lenses. When viewed through the lenses, lenticular printing allows the page to display a virtual three-dimensional, and/or animated effect. The book is contructed so that the pages can be layed flat allowing the entire 2 pages to be viewed without distortion usually caused by a centre gutter (47a). The semi-rigid lenticular sheets are laminated onto a substrate (47b) and folded along a central score line (49) creating a bifolium (48). Each bifolium is joined together into bifolia (48a): individual bifolium are glued or laminated together and bound into a book structure thereby forming the pages of a book. A buckram is typically added to the spine of the bifolia for added reinforcement and visual appeal (50). A cover (traditional, hard or soft cover, or non- traditional lenticular cover) can then be attached on to the rear of the first and last page directly or by the use of traditional endpapers, on non-traditional double page-width lenticular sheets.

Inventors:
GEMENIS JON (AU)
Application Number:
PCT/IB2015/058437
Publication Date:
May 19, 2016
Filing Date:
November 01, 2015
Export Citation:
Click for automatic bibliography generation   Help
Assignee:
GEMENIS JON (AU)
International Classes:
G02B27/22; B42C19/02; B42D1/08
Domestic Patent References:
WO2013111000A12013-08-01
Foreign References:
US3268238A1966-08-23
US20030154637A12003-08-21
Other References:
"SAFARI: A Photicular Book", 22 April 2016 (2016-04-22), Retrieved from the Internet
Download PDF:
Claims:
CLAIM

1. A book which is constructed from lenticular lens sheets which when directly printed on, or upon which an image is laminated, gives the illusion of 3-dimensional depth and/or shows animation effects.

2. Referencing Claim 1 , the fact that lenticular sheets are quite rigid, prevents the pages of the book, when bound by traditional methods, from being opened, and has so far been limited to previous methods of binding sheets together by destroying the pages; drilling holes directly into the sheets and binding with spiral wire or similar in a "notbook" style.

3. Further detailing Claim 1 and Claim 2, the book employs a completely new method of construction to other similar methods of binding, wherein the book appears to look li ke typical large format or "coffee-table" style books.

4. Further descri bing Claim 3, The construction of the Lenticular Book allows it to appear to be completely made from the printed lenticular material ; including the front cover, back cover, Spine and all internal pages.

5. Regarding Claim 3, the Lenticular Book binding method is similar to the flush-mount method, whereby a single flexible sheet, laminated to a more rigid substrate is folded into a two page unit or "bifolium", but differs in a number of ways.

6. Further to Claim 5, the pages of a typical flush-mount book share a common substrate, that is, opposing pages are adhered to a substrate material, back-to-back with the common substrate sheet between both pages.

7. Descri bing Claim 4, the construction Lenticular Book pages consists of lenticular sheets which may be laminated or adhered to a flexible substrate and folded into a bifolium.

8. Regarding Claim 6, and referencing Claim 5, the bifolium of the Lenticular Book may not share a common substrate.

9. In reference to all of the above claims, a modified method of fabrication is required when contracting pages from thin lenticular sheets which are less than 0.5mm thick, and where a double- page spread design may be required.

Description:
LENTICULAR BOOK

Method for preparing and binding printed lenticular sheets i to a complete FIELD: Printing, Book Manufacturing INVENTOR: Jon Gem en is

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to a method for construction and binding lenticular lens sheets into a book. This book allows for the printed images to appear to have 3D depth and/or to be animated as the pages are viewed from different angles. This method relates to a "Flush Mount" method of binding, whereby two pages can be view in their entirety, but employs a completely different method of construction.

[0002] An efficient economical process is provided to produce an impressive graphic book with outstanding marketing and advertising appeal. In the process, multiple images are formed, such as on a central processing unit, the images are striped or manipulated, eliminating rows of pixels and replacing them with pixels from other images, and portions thereof are superimposed (known as "interlacing"). The superimposed images can be printed on a viewable surface of the display. A lenticular lens, fresnel lenticular lens plate, lens with a textured surface, plate lens, ultraviolet cured resinous lens, lens with an undercut, cluster of anamorphic lenses, transparent rods, or grid, (herein known as "lenticular lens sheet") can be placed in front of the images to provide a special display which has the illusion of animation, morphing, movement or 3 dimensional depth as the angle of sight changes. The images can also be printed directly on the back surface of the lens, to provide self-contained lenticular graphics.

[0003] This method has been invented so that the book can be laid flat when opened, allowing for a double-page spread to be viewed correctly (if so required), and bound using methods other than punching or drilling holes and then spiro or wire binding, allowing for a full sized cover (either lenticular or traditional) to be attached, comprising front cover, spine and rear cover. Although similar to the Flush-Mount method, our method is unique in both design and construction.

[0004] This invention relates to a method for binding printed or non- printed lenticular lens sheets into a book form. The Lenticular flush-mount book differs from typical flush-mount books as it is constructed from separate bifolia joined together which do not share a common substrate. By comparison, traditional flush-mount books or albums, are constructed using multiple quadfoha or 4 pages joined together, in the form of two bifolia which when joined share a common substrate. Traditional flush-mount book also differ in that the printed image is on a single paper sheet and laminated to two separate substrates for binding. The Lenticular flush-mount book employs a different methods whereby the image is printed on two separate rigid lenticular sheets, and laminated onto a single sheet substrate for binding. [0005] The lenticular lens sheets are semi-rigid and certain challenges arise when binding multiple sheets. The invention addresses and solves a number of problems. One such issue is that once "traditionally" bound, the pages do not lay flat when opened. Whereas previous techniques for the fabrication of multiple pages of lenticular sheets into a book employ a method of punching, cutting or drilling holes into the lenticular lens sheet, and then either spiral, ring- or wire-binding the sheets together, this method addresses these problems and provides a unique solution. This method allows for the lenticular sheets to be bound in a similar way to hardcover book binding such as, but not limited to, Case Binding, Over-sewing, Smyth Sewn, Double- Fan Adhesive, Velo, Proclick, Zipbind, Thermal, Library, Tape, Unibind, Sewn, Perfect, Saddle-Stitching and the like. This method also allows for a double-page spread design which appears to be printed across two pages including the margin and gutter and be viewed with the book opened flat.

FLUSH MOUNT BOOKS

[0006] Whereas standard press printed books lose the image inside the gutter, all flush mount books use a "lay flat" design, which allows for panoramic views across two pages (known as "two- page", or "double-page spread"). Traditional flush mount books or albums, with or without an image printed across a double-page width sheet of paper (or similar printed material), is scored in the centre for folding. This sheet is then laminated to two (2) rigid substrates, these substrates are not joined together in the centre, thereby allowing for folding of the printed page alone the score- line.The substrates are then combined; subsequently, opposing pages can share a single substrate, and then bound together using a traditional Library Binding Method. The method for producing Lenticular Books differs from the traditional method in a number of key ways.

LENTICULAR FLUSH MOUNT BOOKS

[0007] The method of binding Lenticular sheets into a Flush Mount book or album uses a completely different method of construction to that of traditional Flush Mount Binding, This method allows for two facing pages to be laid completely flat, with the image able to be viewed as one continuous panoramic image across the double-page spread without loss of the image in the centre or "gutter".

[0008] With regards to lenticular sheets which are 0.5mm in thickness or greater, the new method requires single lenticular pages (which are semi-rigid) to be laminated to a double-page width paper sheet, or similar substrate including plastic, film or cloth (not rigid), and is scored in the centre to allow for folding. The double-width page (or "double-page spread") is slightly wider than double the width of the single lentiuiar sheet. The actual width of the substrate sheet is the same width of the two lenticular sheets combined, plus an additional distance which is calculated to be a minimum of twice the thickness of a single lenticular sheet used. This extra distance is added so that the there is enough space to allow for the constructed two page spread to be scored and folded; thus forming a "single unit" or "bifolium". A combination of individual bifoliums are then bound together using traditional library binding methods into a book. [0009] In order to achieve a visual appearance similar to the traditional Flush Mount Book, (i.e. a panoramic view across two pages), the sheet to which the lenticular panels are applied can be printed in the centre with the same image, proportionately, as is present when the two lenticular panels are place together, side-by-side. When the the page is opened flat, it will give the appearence of one continuous image across two pages, as the image is reprinted on the space left between the two lenticular panels, directly on the substrate material.

[0010] With regards to Lenticular Sheets which are less than 0.5mm in thickness, a single, double- page width lenticular sheet is used and scored in the centre using a heated scoring blade. This scoring reduces the thickness of the lenticular sheet allowing for greater flexibilty and thereby the sheet can be folded in the centre to create a bi folium. The bifolium may be laminated to a substrate in order to bind the bifolia to the cover and/or give reinforcement to the bifolium.

[0011 ] Unlike in the traditional method, none of the lenticular sheets share a common substrate. The book therefore comprises a combination of individual bifolium, know as "bifolia". The bifolia are laminated together to form, the internal pages of the book, and may utilize the traditional Library Binding Method. whereby the spine of the internal pages is additionally reinforced with woven fabric or similar, known as a "buckram". This completes the internal pages which are then attached to the cover, either hardcover or softcover, employing traditional binding methods.

[0012] Binding to the Hardcover, may use endpapers which comprise printed, thin decorative printed lenticular sheets, or decorative printed or non-printed paper, to join the cover to the internal pages. Endpapers are typically slightly smaller than the dimensions of the Hardcover.

[0013] When binding to a Softcover, the softcover can be made from a single lenticular sheet which is scored to enable folding a number of times to allow the cover to completely wrap around the the internal pages. If during contstruction softcover is larger than the internal pages, and/or when the pages are uneven after binding, the entire book may be trimmed to size.

[0014] This method is suitable for the printing and fabrication of, but not limited to, illustrative books, comic books, graphic novels, childrens books, photography, art and design books.

BOOKBINDING HISTORY

[0015] The art of bookbinding for the purpose of protecting books and enhancing their appearance has been practiced over several centuries by sewing together several quires onto bands or cords which are joined to paperboard plats covering the sides of the book by means of a back of leather or cloth which covers the seams and at least a part of the plats, inside which are subsequently glued ornamental endpapers, the plats themselves being covered with various kinds of decorative material. [0016] This traditional manual method has been approximately reproduced by industrialized bookbinding methods using time-saving simplified procedures which are effective for keeping production costs down but result in rather low-grade products having a short lifetime. The main body of the book, being formed of sewn quires, is thus prepared separately before being inserted and glued into a cover f ormed of the plats and the back. On another hand, the backs of the books having this type of binding are usually provided with a strong paperboard lining thereby giving them some stiffness, with the result that the books cannot readily be opened flat. This causes an inconvenience for reading and also for viewing photographic reproductions.

[0017] Our method for binding lenticular lens sheets into a book allows for the pages to be opened flat and a cover to be fabricated with the book in a way unlike any method available.

LENTICULAR LENS SHEETS

[0018] A lenticular lens is an array of cylindrical plano-convex lenses, designed so that when viewed from slightly different angles, different images are magnified. The most common example is the lenses used in lenticular printing, where the technology is used to give an illusion of depth or to make images that appear to change or move as the image is viewed from different angles. The printed image is applied directly to the lenticular lens sheet or printed on paper, plastic or other material and laminated to the underside of the lens (Fig. 2.2). The lenticular lenses can run vertically, horizontally, or at any angle. (Fig. 1.2)

LENTICULAR PRI TING - PROCESS

[0019] Lenticular printing is a technology in which a lenticular lens is used to produce images with an illusion of 3D depth, or the ability to change or move as the image is viewed from different angles. Examples of lenticular printing include printed images that show 3D depth effect, flip, zoom and animation effects such as winking eyes, and modern advertising graphics that change their message depending on the viewing angle. This technology was created in the 1940s but has evolved in recent years to show more motion and increased depth. Originally used mostly in novelty items and commonly called "flicker pictures" or "wiggle pictures," lenticular prints are now being used as a marketing tool to show products in virtual 3D space and/or motion in either 2D or 3D. [ 2 ]

[0020] Lenticular printing is a multi-step process consisting of creating a lenticular image from at least two imaees, and combinine it with a lenticular lens. This process can be used to create various frames of animation (for a motion effect), offsetting the various layers at different increments (for a 3D effect), or simply to show a set of alternate images, which may appear to transform into each other. Once the various images are collected, they are flattened into individual, different frame tiles, and then digi tally combined into a single final file in a process called interlacing. From there the interlaced image can be printed directly to the back (smooth side) of the lens or it can be printed on a substrate and laminated to the lens. When printing to the backside of the lens, the critical registration of the fine "slices" of interlaced images must be absolutely correct during the lithographic or screen printing process or "ghosting" and poor imagery might result. The combined lenticular print will show two or more different images simply by changing the angle from which the pnnt is viewed. If more images are used, taken in a sequence, one can even show a short video of about one second.

[0021] Though normally produced in sheet form, by interlacing simple images or different colors throughout the artwork, lenticular images can also be created in roll form with 3D effects or multicolor changes. Alternatively, one can use several images of the same object, taken from slightly different angles, and then create a lenticular print which shows a stereoscopic 3D effect. 3D effects can only be achieved in a side-to-side (left to right) direction, as the viewer's left eye needs to be seeing from a slightly different angle than the right to achieve the stereoscopic effect. Other effects, like morphs, motion, and zooms work better (less ghosting or latent effects) as top-to- bottom effects (the lens running horizontally), but can be achieved in both directions.

[0022] There are many commercial end uses for lenticular images, which can be made from PVC, APET, acrylic, and PETG, as well as other materials. While PETG and APET are the most common, other materials are becoming popular to accommodate outdoor use and special forming due to the increasing use of lenticular images on cups and gift cards. Lithographic, offset and flexo lenticular printing, allows for the flat side of the lenticular sheet to have ink placed directly onto the lens, while high-resolution photographic lenticulars typically have the image laminated to the lens.

[0023] The newest lenticular technology is manufacturing lenses with flexo, inkjet and screen- printing techniques. The lens material conies in a roll or sheet which is fed through flexo or offset printing systems at high speed, or printed with UV inkjet machines (usually flat-beds that enable a precise registration). This technology allows high volume 3D lenticular production at low cost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF IMAGES

Fig. l, Fig.2 & Fig.3 represent the top-view of various lenticular lens sheets Fig.4 depicts a cross-section view of a lenticular lens sheet. Fig.5 depicts a perspective view of a standard printed picture book. Fig.6 represents a perspective view of a typical flush-mount book. Fig.7 shows a cross-section view of a page from a flush-mount book.

Fig.8 depicts a cross-section view illustrating the fabrication and binding of a flush-mount book. Fig.9 is a perspective view of a typical flush-mount book, as referenced in Fig.6 Fig.10 is a perspective view of a Lenticular Book

Fig.11 is a cross-section view illustrating the fabrication of a single page from a Lenticular Book

Fig.12 is a cross-section, close up view depicting a folded single page from a Lenticular Book, or bifolium, and how it relates to the other bifoiia in the book and the binding process.

Fig.13, is a cross-section view of the Lenticular Book bifoiia joined together and bound, with the book in a closed state.

Fig.14, is a cross-section view of a single bifolium joined to a num ber of bifoiia and bound together, with the Lenticular Book is opened and layed flat

Fig.15, is a top view of a single lenticular sheet, which is printed scored and folded to be used as a Lenticular Book cover.

Fig.16, is a top view of a single lenticular sheet, which is printed scored and folded to be used as an alternate Lenticular Book cover.

Fig.17, is a top view of a single lenticular sheet, which is printed and then cut into sections to be fabricated into a Lenticular Book cover.

Fig. 18, is a cross-section view, depicting the fabrication method used to join the bound bifoiia to the Lenticular Book cover.

Fig. 19, is a cross-section view, depicting the page and bifolium fabrication method using lenticular sheets < 0.60mm thick.

Fig.20 is a close up, cross-section view of a thin lenticular sheet folded into a bifolium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The Lenticular Book differs from typical flush-mount books as it is constructed from separate single sheets folded into two page units or "bifolia" which are joined together, back to back. These bifolia do not share a common substrate. By comparison, traditional flush-mount books or albums, are constructed using multiple units which when joined share a common substrate. Traditional flush-mount books also differ in that the image is printed on a single paper sheet and laminated to two separate substrates for binding. The Lenticular flush-mount book employs a different method whereby the image is printed on two separate rigid lenticular sheets, which are then laminated onto a single sheet substrate for binding.

Refering now to the method in more detail, Fig.1, Fig.2 & Fig.3 depict the top- view of a lenticular lens sheet. The direction of the lenses can be at any angle and depends entirely on the direction of the interlacing angle of the image, produced using software, which is printed directly on, or laminated to, the lenticular lens sheet.

Refering to Fig.4 which depicts a cross-section of the lenticular lens sheet refered to in Figs. l, 2 and 3, shows the array of individual lenticules, or lenses (1) with the image plane directly below, on the opposite face, where the image is printed directly to the lenticular lens sheet (2) or laminated to the underside, with the image facing upwards (3), and viewable through the lens (4).

Drawing Sheet 2, shows perspective views and depicts a comparison between Fig.5, a regular print book and Fig.6, and a typical flush-mount book, both layed flat with pages in an opened state. Whereas standard press printed books lose the image inside the gutter, all flush mount books use a "layflat" design, which allows for panoramic views across two pages (known as "two-", or "double-page spread"). Referencing Fig.5, within the regular print book (5), pages are joined in the centre (6) and where the image, printed to appear panoramically across the two visible pages (7), disappears into what is know as the gutter area (8) and therefore effects the overall appeearance of the image, which is supposed to be viewed continuously across two pages without any visual distortion, but herein shows a physical distortion caused by the binding process (9).

Fig 6, shows a perspective view of a flush-mount book in an opened state, with pages ( 10) layed flat. The typical construction of the flush-mount book, allows the image to be seen continuously across the two pages without any loss or visual distortion of the image (11) .

Fig.7 outlines the standard method of construction of a page prior to binding into a flush-mount book. All flush-mount books utilise a lay-flat design, which allows for a continuous panoramic image to be printed across the double-page spread, and viewed without any distortion of the imaged. Herein (12) depicts the printed page with image side upwards which is then laminated using an adhesive material (13) which joins the printed page ( 12) to two, more rigid substrates (14) than the printed page. The constructed page is scored along a centre line (15) and folded, facing pages inward. The two substrates are not joined in the centre, instead a small gap is left to facilitate the folding process, as indicated in (16).

Fig.8 is a cross-section view of the internal pages and references the constructed page in Fig.7. Fig.8 depicts the typical binding method of the internal pages of a flush-mount book and references Fig.7 where the double page spread (17), attached to the substrate (18) is scored along the score line (19) and is folded onto itself, facing pages inwards (20), and thereby creating two pages. Printed pages can share a common substrate as referenced in (21). Additional pages are referenced by (22) the folded pages or quadfolio, which can consist of 4 pages, which share a common substrate. This quadfolia may then bound together using a typical "library binding" method whereby the buckram, a woven cloth or similar (23) is adhered (24) to the folded edge of the constructed pages, thereby binding the pages together. A hard or soft cover is then bound to the pages, and may also be trimmed to complete the constructed book (a detailed description of this process does not form part of this application and has been intentionally omitted).

Drawing Sheet 4, shows a perspective view depicting the difference by comparison between Fig.9, a typical flush-mount book and Fig.10, our lenticular flush mount book. Fig. 9 shows a typical flush-mount book opened out flat (25) with the image printed on a single sheet across two pages allowing for a continuous image to be viewed without any visual distortion in the centre (26) with the printed sheet scored in the centre (27) to allow for folding. By comparison Fig.10 depicts our lenticular flush-mount book and shows a perspective view when laved flat. This is constructed with two lenticular sheets (28) laminated to a flexible substrate (29). to form a two pages. A space is left between the lenticular sheets (30) so that the substrate they are laminated to (29), can be scored and folded along the centre (31), facilitating the folding of the opened page in two pages once folded, thereby creating a separate two-page unit otherwise known as a "bifolium".

'The missing centre portion of the image (32), created by the space (30) between the two lenticular sheets, (necessesary during fabrication to fold the single sheets into a two page bifolium, as represented in Figs, 12-14) can be printed, directly onto the substrate material (29), prior to fabrication, thereby giving the illusion of a continuous, uninterupted, panoramic image (33) similar to the traditional flush-mount book as referenced by Fig.9. The printed substrate represents the portion of the image which is "missing" from the double page spread. When the the page is opened flat, it will give the appearence of one continuous image across two pages (33), as the "missing" part of the full image is actually reprinted on the space between the two lenticular panels.

Drawing Sheet 5 depicts more detailed cross-section views referencing Fig.10. The method of binding into a Lenticular Flush Mount book or album, uses a completely different method of construction to that of traditional Flush Mount Binding. Fig.11 shows a more detailed cross- section view depicting this new method which requires single lenticular pages which are rigid (34) to be laminated to a double-page width paper sheet, or similar substrate including plastic, film or cloth (35), which is not rigid and is scored in the centre (36) to allow for folding. The actual width of the substrate sheet is the same width of the two lenticular sheets combined, plus an additional distance which is represented to be "h" , being a minimum of the thickness of each single lenticular sheet (37) laminated to the substrate, in this case times two, or "2xh" (38). This extra distance is added so that the there is enough space to allow for the constructed two page spread to be scored and folded; thus forming a single unit or "bifolum".

In order to achieve a visual appearance similar to the traditional Rush Mount Book as referenced by Fig.9, Fig. l 1 shows a more detailed cross-section view whereby the sheet to which the lenticular panels are applied can be printed in the centre (38) with the same image, proportionately, as is present if the two lenticular panels covered the sam area of the printed substrate. When the the page is opened flat, it will give the appearence of one continuous image across two pages, as the "missing" part of the full image is actually reprinted on the space between the two lenticular panels.

Unlike in the traditional method (Figs.6, 7, 8), when binding a Lenticular Flush-mount Book, as depicted in Fig.12, none of the lenticular sheets share a common substrate, instead, a number of sections or bifolia (39), once folded in the centre along the scored line (40) are laminated or glued together, back to back, to form the internal pages of the book (41), and may in the case of adding a hardcover, utilize the traditional Library Binding Method whereby the spine, or folded edge of the internal pages (42) is additionally reinforced with woven fabric or similar (43). The most common cloth used by library binders to cover the boards of the book is know as a "buckram" and may also be coated with acrylic. This completes the internal pages which are then attached to the cover, either hardcover or softcover, employing tradi tional binding methods.

Fig.13 represents an expanded view of Fig.12 and depicts the cross-section of the bound bifolia when closed, showing a single bifolium (44) joined to a number of bifolia (45) and bound to the spines by the buckram (46). Fig, 14 references Fig.11 and Fig.13, but instead shows the cross-section of the bound bifolia when opened and layed flat. Fig.11 is referenced, depicting a bifolium when opened and the book is layed flat (47). Joined bifolium within the section, in a closed state is depicted by (48), all of which are scored and folded along the score line (49) and then joined by the buckram (50).

On Drawing Page 6, Fig.15 depicts a single, printed lenticular sheet which is used as a cover (51), which is scored and folded along score lines (52). The cover may be laminated to a rigid substrate (53), similarly scored and folded (52) in order to reinforce the cover. The number of score lines may vary in number from one or more, Fig.16 (54), depending on the method used to join the cover to the internal pages. The cover (55) may also be joined to a similarly scored and folded hardcover (56). Additionally, F g.17 depicts the single cut into pieces which form the back cover (57), spine (58) and front cover (59), These pieces can then be individually adhered or laminated onto the hardcover (60), in their respective positions.

Drawing Page 7, Fig.18 depicts a cross section view demonstrating binding the bifolia to the hardcover, wherein endpapers may be used. Endpapers (61), are sheets fabricated from printed, thin lenticular sheets, printed or non-printed paper, cloth or plastic, are used to join the cover (63) to the internal pages or bifolia (62). Endpapers are typically found on the rear of the front and back cover. Endpapers can be the exact size or slightly smaller than the dimensions of the hardcover. Endpapers can be made from any flexible material including a thin printed lenticular material. Endpapers are scored a number of times (dotted line) to facilitate the closing of the cover once they have been adhered or laminated (65) to both the cover and the bound bifolia. The softcover can be made from a single lenticular sheet which is scored for folding a number of times to allow the cover to completely encase join to the internal pages. If during construction the softcover is larger than the internal pages, the entire book may be trimmed to size. This method allows for the book either hard or soft cover, to appear as completely constructed from printed lenticular sheets, with printed lenticular visual effects on every flat surface including the cover and all internal pages. Drawing Page 8, Fig.19 depicts a cross section view demonstrating the method used when binding lenticular sheets which are less than 0.5mm in thickness and where a double-page spead may be required. In this case a single lenticular sheet (66) is used and fabricated into a bifolium. The method requires the single lenticular sheet to be scored along a scoreline (67) using a heated metal scoring blade (68). The blade is given enough heat so as to slightly melt the plastic lenticular sheet when pressed along the score line line, but not so much pressure as would cause the heated blade to penetrate the sheet completely. This would leave the entire sheet intact. The sheet would therefore be thin enough along the score line (69), to give the lenticular sheet flexibility and enable the sheet to be folded. A similar effect can be achieved by the use of a computer controlled CT router instead of a heated scoring blade. The method of scoring is not related to the claim, however the reduction in the thickness of the lenticular sheet along a foldline so the sheet can be folded is significant.

Figure 20 is a cross-section view referencing the previous method of creating a bifolium from a lenticular sheet as seen previously in Fig.12, the lenticular sheet (70) may also be laminated to a substrate (71), for reinforcement and folded along the score line into a bifolium (72). Herein however the fabrication of the scoreline, reduces the width of the lenticular material at the scoreline making it more flexible, allowing for the single sheet to be folded, whilst remaining intact (73). Similarly and in reference to Fig.13 and Fig.14, a number of bifolia are joined together to create the internal pages of the Lenticular Book which maybe futher reinforced by the use of a buckram and then encased in a cover.