Technical field

The technical solution concerns the lift and the method of its installation.

State of the art

At the present time, in the construction of buildings, the pre-preparation of the elevator shaft is already envisaged in the design, which in most cases is made of concrete, rarely of masonry materials and iron structure for a glazed/panoramic lift, and very rarely of wooden structure. Subsequently, after the construction of the skeleton of the building as such is completed, and after the elevator shaft has been completed and the building has been roofed, the various mechanical and electrical parts of the lift are installed in this shaft.

There are more installation methods: the 1st most widely used method - steel scaffolding or wooden platforms are erected along the entire shaft and then the lift is assembled from them; the 2nd method is the so-called scaffold less assembly, whereby a lifting device is suspended in the head of the shaft, which serves to pull the cab, and which also serves as a platform for the assemblers. This lift assembly generally takes a little longer but saves on the assembly and disassembly of the scaffolding.

Czech utility model no. CZ 30697 U1 describes the structure of lift shaft consisting of stands connected by horizontal beams, where the beams are open steel profiles, the beams being fixed to the stands by bolted joints.

The disadvantage is that the lift can only be installed and used as a building lift after the completion of the skeleton of the building as such, after the roofing of the building and after the construction of the elevator shaft. Another disadvantage is that the construction of the concrete shaft and the assembly of the structure with the lift are assembled in physically and space-constrained, labour-intensive procedures, which makes the construction of the whole building more expensive and, in particular, longer, as their assembly is carried out in difficult working conditions. These processes increase the assembly time of the elevator shaft structure. Disadvantages also include the large amount of waste packaging material. The essence of the technical solution

The deficiencies described in the state-of-the art are remedied by the technical solution described in this utility model, the essence of which consists of the lift and the method of its assembly. The elevator shaft consists of a frame structure, equipped at the bottom with anchoring elements for fixing it to a concrete base and fixtures for fixing all the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift. The frame structure is divided into at least five modules, the lower module being for fixing to the concrete base, the upper module being provided with fixtures for fixing the machinery room with motor and the control and command units, and the modules placed among them, each having fixtures in front for fixing the automatic shaft doors. The cab with automatic cab doors and control and command units is slip-fitted in the frame structure. The height of the frame structure containing all the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift ranges from 1 meter to 13,5 metres, which corresponds to two to four floors including the bottom and top, and the frame structure of the above length is transportable by vehicle in road traffic. In a preferred embodiment, the frame structure is made of separate modules, wherein these modules already comprise all the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift, wherein these modules are mountable with each other and, when assembled, form the frame structure of the elevator shaft with the lift. One module corresponds to the height of at least one floor in the building. The installation of the lift is carried out after the construction of the building foundations, the slab and the concrete base for the lift. The frame structure is manufactured in the production hall and then the entire lift is assembled and completed together with the sheathing. The entire lift is then transported to the site where it will be installed and erected on the concrete base and fixed. The lift can then be used as a construction lift. If it is necessary to build a lift for more than three floors, the frame structure is supported between the top section and the highest module with the necessary number of modules on site.

In a further preferred embodiment, where the width of the frame structure exceeds the transport width, the frame structure is composed of two parts divided along the height of the frame structure and transported separately and assembled into a single unit at the place of assembly.

In another preferred embodiment, the frame structure is provided with an escape staircase with landings on the outside, whereby the staircase can also be used for the transfer and movement of workers, tools and materials, while saving on the construction of a temporary staircase with scaffolding.

The advantages of the presented solution lie mainly in saving the costs of transporting workers, tools and building materials during the construction of the entire building from the very beginning of the construction of the skeleton up to the finalization and finishing of the individual floors and rooms.

Another advantage is that when replacing an old lift with a new one in functional and habitable buildings, the time it takes to get the new lift up and running and the length of time the customer/people will be without a lift plays a big role, as this solution will shorten the process considerably.

Another advantage is the saving of human labour and human health, as 90% of the physically demanding work is done by machinery and lifting equipment when assembling in a hall compared to a building. There is also an environmental saving, as the lifting material is assembled in the production hall and arrives in the hall in containers without packaging materials.

Overview of figures on the drawings

Figure 1 shows the frame structure for a building with three floors. Figure 2 shows the frame structure for a building with several floors. Figure 3 shows the frame structure with a staircase, Figure 4 shows the upper part of the frame structure with a lift, Figure 5 shows the floor plan of the frame structure with a lift, Figure 6 shows the structure divided into two parts, Figure 7 shows the location of the lift before the addition of the other segments of the frame structure.

Examples of technical solution implementation

The elevator shaft is made up of a frame structure 1, equipped with anchoring elements for fixing to the concrete base and fixtures for fixing the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift in the lower part. The frame structure 1 is divided into at least five modules, the lower module 4 being for fixing to the concrete base, the upper module 5 being provided with fixtures for fixing the machinery room with the motor and the command-and-control units, and the modules 6 placed among them, each having fixtures in front for fixing the automatic shaft doors. In the frame structure 1, a cab 2 with automatic cab doors and control and command units is slidably mounted. The height of the frame structure containing all the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift 1 is up to 13,5 metres, corresponding to two to four floors, including the bottom and top, and the frame structure 1 of that length is transportable by vehicle in road traffic. In a preferred embodiment, the frame structure 1 is made of modules 6a, wherein these modules 6a already comprise all the individual mechanical and electrical parts of the lift, wherein these modules are assembled with each other and, when assembled, form the frame structure 1 of the lift shaft. One module 6a may correspond to a minimum height of one floor, and the lower and/or upper modules may have a height of at least 1 meter.

Installation of the lift is carried out after the building foundations have been built and the concrete base for the lift has been made.

The frame structure 1, cab 2 of the lift is manufactured in the production hall and then the entire lift is assembled and completed together with the sheathing in the production hall. The entire lift is then transported to the site where it will be installed and erected on a concrete base and fixed. The lift can then be used as a construction lift. If it is necessary to build a lift for more than three floors, the necessary number of modules 6, 6a is inserted into the frame structure 1 between the upper part 5 after it has been raised and the highest module 6, 6a on site, or the necessary number of modules 6a is inserted between the lower part (4) and the lowest module (6, 6a) after they have been raised on site, or the frame structure is reversed or inserted into the space left for the frame structure, or it is raised successively as required.

In a further preferred embodiment, where the width of the frame structure exceeds the transport width, the frame structure is composed of two parts (8, 9) divided along the height of the frame structure and transported separately and assembled into a single unit at the place of assembly.

In a further preferred embodiment, the frame structure 1 is provided externally with a staircase 3 with landings.

Industrial applicability of the technical solution

The lift according to the submitted solution is mainly applicable for new buildings from 2 to more than 30 floors, when already at the initial stage of construction it is possible to build and fix on the prepared base a functional lift placed in the lift frame structure and to use it as an auxiliary construction lift until the completion of the construction. Also, in new buildings, the frame structure with the lift is pushed into the shaft in whole or in segments with the help of a crane from the top through the open shaft. Another use is the attachment of the frame structure with lift to existing functional lift-free residential, industrial or other buildings to the wall of an internal staircase when, during the preparation of the frame structure with lift in the production hall, based on the actual pre-measured heights of the intermediate floors, a concrete base is prepared in the building and openings are made for the lift doors on the intermediate floors. Another use is when replacing an old lift into an existing building, the frame structure with the lift is inserted in segments into the existing structure using a crane from above through a hole in the ceiling.