JOHANSSON LARS (SE)
| US5351511A | 1994-10-04 | |||
| US5297407A | 1994-03-29 | |||
| US4380160A | 1983-04-19 | |||
| DE4135726A1 | 1993-05-06 |
| 1. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies, i. e. having coupling elements with a pull rod and a turntable, designed to tow a trailer by means of a truck, all of which being provided with coupling devices, designed to connect them to a traction vehicle, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the locking device comprises a boxshaped lock house (1), in which the coupling device on the tow, the trailer or the dolly is designed to be positioned and locked by means of a locking shaft (4), which is inserted through the lock house (1) and can have various locations in the lock house (1), depending on the nature of the coupling device to be locked and consequently that the coupling device is enclosed in the lock house (1), which prevent the tow, the trailer or the dolly from being connected to any unauthorized traction vehicle. |
| 2. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the locking shaft (4) is a boltlike pin (4) with a through hole (8) in its one end, through which a padlock (9) is to be inserted. |
| 3. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the lock house (1) is a square tube having an end gable (20) with two pairs of opposite sides (2, 6, 13, 14), which are provided with through axially directed holes (5, 7 and 15, 16 respectively) for the locking shaft (4) as well as a Ushaped recess (3) in one of said sides (2), into which a kingpin is to be introduced. |
| 4. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that around the holes (5, 7, 15, 16) in the lock house (1) a respective scraping off device (19) in the form of a bush is mounted. |
| 5. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies according to claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that above the holes (7, 16) in the lock house (1), which in use are the closest to the holes (8) of the locking shaft (4) and consequently also the padlock (9), a shield (17, 18) against blows is mounted. |
| 6. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so calleddollies according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the lock house (1) is a square tube with an end gable (20). |
| 7. | A multipurpose locking device designed to prevent thefts of trailers, heavy tows and so called dollies according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the lock house (1) is a round tube with an end gable (20). |
BACKGROUND ART Within the above-mentioned technical field a plurality of solutions have been suggested to prevent, that heavy tows, trailers and dollies be stolen, when they are parked.
Due to e. g. various regulations in various countries, regarding the allowable length of vehicles, sometimes loaded trailers as well as dollies must be parked in parking areas for quite a long time, particularily at the borders of a country, but later be connected to trucks, traction vehicles for trailers etc.
This means, that these trailers, towable wagons and dollies sometimes are stolen, which results in large economic losses.
In Germany the allowable length of a car and its trailer is just 18 m, whereas in Sweden the allowable length is 24 m. A car and a dolley as well as a trailer have a length of 25. 5 m och a traction vehicle for a trailer and a trailer have a length of 18. 36 m, which is the European standard.
Known locking devices for towable wagons, trailers and dollies are difficult to apply on the eyelet of the pull rod of the trailer or the dolly or on the kingpin of the trailer. These eyelets and kingpins are lubricated with grease and the grease sticks to the locking device as well as the operator, when the locking device is applied and removed. Also, different locking devices must be used for eyelets and kingpins. This means, that the operator must have available several locking devices for eyelets and several locking devices for kingpins, when the tow, the trailer or the dolly is to be locked during parking. The whole procedure to lock these vehicle parts is complicated and intricate and the operator and locking devices are soiled.
BRIEF DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above- mentioned drawbacks of locking devices for towable wagons, trailers or dollies and to provide a multipurpose locking device for this purpose, which smoothly and easily can prevent, that a trailer, a tow or a dolly be stolen, i. e. is connected to an unauthorized traction vehicle, when said towable wagons are parked without a traction vehicle.
According to the inventive idea the above-mentioned problems are solved by means of a locking device, which comprises an integral box-shaped lock house, in whcih the coupling device on the tow, the trailer or the dolly is locked to the locking device by means of a locking shaft, which extends through the main part of the locking device and in this way prevents the tow, the trailer or the dolly from being connected to any traction vehicle.
A locking device is obtained according to the invention, which can be used on an eyelet as well as on a kingpin, requires insignificant efforts when it is applied, results in a more secure locking, is difficult to break, is economic to manufacture, protects the operator from being soiled by the grease, which surrounds the coupling device, when it is enclosed by the locking device, is easy to store, since all the grease and the dirt is enclosed by the locking device and consequently does not soil other tools or the like, as well as has a long life.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the locking device according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a view of one end of the device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows the locking device according to Fig. 1, applied on a towing eyelet, disposed on a tow and locked by means of a locking shaft and a padlock ; Fig. 4 shows the locking device according to the invention from the front, applied on a dolly, locked by means of a locking shaft and a padlock in the locking device ; and Fig. 5 shows the locking device according to the invention from the front, applied on a kingpin on a trailer, locked by means of a locking shaft and a padlock in the locking device.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Figs. 1-5 show, that the device according to the present invention comprises a box-shaped lock house 1, which is made of a piece of a square tube of steel, annealed in a special way, and has two pairs of mutually parallel sides and a short end.
Lock house 1 comprises a first side 2 with a U-shaped elongated recess 3, wich extends into the tube roughly up to its central portion and into which recess the kingpin of a trailer is to be introduced and locked by means of a locking shaft 4. Also, this first side 2 has a through hole 5 and on a second side 6 a through hole 7 is made with an axial direction in relation to hole 5. In case a tow is to be locked, the towing eyelet is introduced into lock house 1 and coaxially positioned in relation to holes 5, 7. Locking shaft 4 is inserted through holes 5, the towing eyelet and hole 7. Locking shaft 4 has a through hole 8 at one of its ends, through which the shackle of a padlock 9 is to be inserted, and its opposite end has a head 10, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of said holes. Above hole 7 on second side 6 a shield 17 is welded to the side in order to protect padlock 9, in case attempts are made to breask it. Also, two handles 11, 12 are mounted on this second side of the lock house, in order to facilitate the handling of it.
Lock house 1 also includes a third side 13 and a fourth side 14, which have axially directed through holes 15, 16, which are to receive locking shaft 4 in order to lock the kingpin on a trailer, which locking shaft 4 is designed to be introduced from the exterior of lock house 1 and into axially directed holes 15, 16 in each one of opposite sides 13, 14, when a kingpin has been inserted into lock house 1 via U-shaped, longitudinal recess 3 in first side 2, and then the shackle of a padlock 9 is to be introduced through hole 8 in the locking shaft. A shield 18 is also mounted above hole 16. The main part of it has a short side 18, which is welded to each one of the short ends of the opposite sides and serves as a cage, a room for the coupling gear.
Plastic bushes 19 are mounted at holes 5, 7, 15, 16 and designed to scrape off the machine grease, which has been applied to the kingpin and the towing eyelet.
The locking device is used in the following manner : When a towing eyelet is locked on a tow: The locking device is lifted in handles 11, 12 with both hands and the eyelet of the pull rod is inserted into lock house 1.
From below locking shaft 4 is pushed upwards in a vertical directoin through holes 5, 7 and then the shackle of padlock 9 is pushed through hole 8 in locking shaft 4 and is locked.
When a trailer is locked : The locking device is turned upside down, the handles being directed downwards towards the ground, and then the kingpin is pushed into lock house 1 through U-shaped recess 3 all the way up to its bottom, and then locking shaft 4 is inserted through the horizontally, axially extending holes 15, 16, and finally the shackle of padlock 9 is inserted through hole 8 in the locking shaft and is locked.
When a dolly is locked : The locking device is lifted in handles 11, 12 with both hands and the eyelet of the dolly is inserted into lock house 1 through U-shaped recess 3 all the way up to its bottom, and then locking shaft 4 is inserted into horizontally, axially extending holes 15, 16, and finally the shackle of padlock 9 is inserted through holes 8 in locking shaft 4 and is locked.
It must be emphasized, that the invention can be modified within the scope of protection defined by the enclosed claims.
The lock house can be made of various materials, which are impact resistent and strong. The locking shaft suitably is made of annealed steel and the padlock suitably is drilling resistent and belongs to grade 3.
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