CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION

[0001] This application is an application claiming the benefit under 35 U. S. C. § 1 19(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/202,427 filed February 26, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of forming or processing an article, such as a beverage container or can. More specifically, the invention relates to the processing machine (such as a necking machine) and machine arrangement and components.

[0003] During the processing of a can in a machine or machine arrangement, the can should be sufficiently lubricated to permit easy passage through the machine arrangement. Conventional lubrication mechanisms tend to be complex and messy. Prior art lubrication mechanisms utilized a vacuum star wheel equipped with lubricating rollers, which are complex and costly. Other conventional lubricating mechanisms utilize a wick that directly contacts a can, which can cause debris to build up on the wick requiring the wick to be replaced during the life of the machine arrangement.

SUMMARY

[0004] One exemplary embodiment provides a lubricating mechanism for a machine arrangement. The lubricating mechanism comprises a lubricating track connected to or part of an infeed mechanism of the machine arrangement. The infeed mechanism is configured to supply articles to be processed to the machine arrangement. The lubricating track includes an outer guide member configured to contact articles adjacent an open end of each of the articles. The outer guide member comprises a lubricant passage or chamber. The lubricating track further includes at least one opening in the outer guide member for passage of lubricant from the outer guide member to a lubrication path configured to be in contact with the articles in the lubricating track to apply the lubricant to the articles. The lubricating track is curved such that the articles roll through the track as the lubncant is being applied.

[0005] Another exemplary embodiment provides a machine arrangement with a lubricating mechanism. The machine arrangement comprises an article infeed mechanism with a lubricating track. The article infeed mechanism is configured to supply articles to be processed to machines in the machine arrangement The lubricating track includes inner and outer guide members configured such that an open end of each of the articles in the lubricating track are positioned between the inner and outer guide members. The lubricating track further includes a lubrication path on the outer guide member extending for at least a portion of a length of the lubricating track The articles contact lubncant in the lubrication path when rolling through the track without contacting a wick

[0006] Yet another exemplary embodiment provides a method of lubπ eating an article in a machine arrangement The method compπses providing a curved lubricating track, applying a lubncant to a lubrication path on the lubricating track from a lubncant chamber, and rolling at least one article along the curved lubricating track so that lubncant transfers to an open end of each of the at least one article as the at least one article contacts the lubncation path on the lubncating track.

[0007] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general descnption and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not restnctive of the invention as claimed

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following descnption, appended claims, and the accompanying exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, which are bnefly descnbed below.

[0009] FIG l is a rear perspective view of a lubncation mechanism and infeed track in which a heater is shown

[0010] FIG 2 is a side view of the infeed track and a transfer star wheel [0011] FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of the lubrication mechanism and infeed track and adjacent transfer star wheel.

[0012] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lubrication mechanism and infeed track [0013] FIG 5 is a detail view of a guide mounting plate of the infeed track.

[0014] FIG. 6 is a detail view of an outer guide contacting surface of the lubrication mechanism.

[0015] FIG. 7 is a detail view of the outer guide contacting surface of FIG. 6 in which a can is shown contacting the outer guide contacting surface.

[0016] FIG 8 is a partial perspective view of a guide mounting plate illustrating a can in the infeed track

[0017] FIG. 9 is a side view of a lubrication mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment in which a can infeed is attached

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a machine line with a can infeed

[0019] FIG 1 1 is a perspective view of a star wheel lubrication mechanism according to another embodiment

[0020] FIG 12 is a front view of the star wheel lubrication mechanism of FIG 1 1. [0021] FIG 13 is a side view of the star wheel lubrication mechanism of FIG 1 1. [0022] FIG 14 is an exploded view of the star wheel lubrication mechanism of FIG. 11

[0023] FIG 15 is a left side view of a guide member and frame member of a star wheel lubπcation mechanism of an exemplary embodiment

[0024] FIG. 16 is a πght side view of the guide member and frame member of FIG. 15

[0025] FIG. 17 is a detail view of the guide member and frame member of FIG. 15 taken along line 17-17

[0026] FIG. 18 is a detail view of the guide member and frame member of FIG 15 taken along line 18-18.

[0027] FIG. 19 is a detail view of the guide member and frame member of FIG. 15 taken along line 19-19. [0028] FIG 2OA is a sectional view of a star wheel taken along line 20A-20A in FIG. 13 that illustrates a vacuum chamber and a pressure chamber.

[0029] FIG. 2OB is a sectional view of the star wheel of FIG 2OA illustrating vacuum ports and pressure ports

[0030] FIG. 21 is a detail view taken along detail 21 from FIG. 2OA illustrating an air passage in a pocket of the star wheel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The Figures illustrate a lubrication mechanism for article processing machines and machine arrangements (or machine lines) and related components The article processing machine may process articles to perform a necking operation, or any other suitable operation (such as curling, flanging, etc ). An article may be a can, any suitable food or beverage container, jar, bottle or any other suitable article The descπption below uses article and can interchangeably The can has an open end, an opposite closed end, and a sidewall extending from the closed end Alternatively, the can may be open at both ends A top, lid or other closure may be added to the can after the forming process(es)

[0032] For exemplary purposes only, the below descπption will descπbe the mechanisms and methods for use on a can It will be recognized that any other type of article (such as that descπbed above) may be used

[0033] Reference will now be made to the FIGURES.

[0034] Cans 10 are fed into a continuously rotating infeed star wheel 2OA (either from an infeed track, infeed lubπcating mechanism track 100, or from a preceding transfer star wheel 20, which may be part of a machine line 102. As shown in exemplary FIG. 10, an infeed star wheel 20A is configured to pass a can 10 to a continuously rotating transfer star wheel 20, which is configured to then pass the can 10 to an adjacent turret star wheel 21 or a turret or forming machine 22 in the machine line 102. While the can 10 is in the turret star wheel 21 , a forming (necking, flanging, etc.) operation is performed on the can 10 While the turret star wheel 21 is rotating with the can 10, the can 10 is then transferred from the forming turret star wheel 21 onto another transfer star wheel 20, forming/process turret star wheel 21, or a discharge track 130 In order to suitably lubπcate an outside surface of an open end 12 (see FIG 4) portion of the can 10, a lubrication mechanism is utilized in the machine line. The machine line 102 shown is exemplary only. Any other suitable machine line configuration may be utilized.

[0035] In an embodiment, the cans 10 are held in position on this infeed transfer star wheel 2OA (and other star wheels or turrets) using a pneumatic pressure differential or "suction" as it will be referred to The transfer star wheels 20 are arranged to hold the cans 10 in position using suction applied to the outside surface of the can 10 through a vacuum opening 24 in pockets 22, such as may be seen in FIG 3 The transfer star wheels 20, 2OA can have any number of suitable pockets 22 for holding the cans 10. For example, the transfer star wheels 20, 2OA can each have twenty pockets 22. The number of pockets 22 in the transfer star wheels 20, 2OA can vary as appropπate

[0036] According to an embodiment, a lubπ eating mechanism 100 is provided, and shown best in Figures 1-8 The lubricating mechanism 100 is configured to be used in die necking processes, or other suitable applications. The lubricating mechanism applies lubricant via a lubπ cant flow path 115 (see FIG. 3, for example) on an outer guide member 210 (sometimes referred to as a rail) that will reduce and contain mess generated by the lubrication process. The lubricating mechanism 100 may be part of, before, or after the can infeed 120.

[0037] The lubricating mechanism 100 includes a curved track 1 10 (see FIG 5, for example) that is either before or after the infeed mechanism, or is integrated into the infeed mechanism of the can processing machine line (such as for die necking) The curved track 110 of the lubπ eating mechanism 100 is configured to cause the cans 10 to roll pπmaπly rather than slide through the section of track 110 where the lubricant is to be applied. The radius or curvature of the track 110 is configured to encourage rolling in the normal range of operating speeds of machine lines.

[0038] According to an exemplary embodiment, the flow of cans 10 leading into the track 110 may be controlled by a control mechanism (not shown) If the cans 10 expeπence significant loading in the track 1 10 (such as from the cans 10 being too closely spaced), the friction between the cans 10 may stop or prevent rotation of the cans 10. The control mechanism may include, as an example, a star wheel 20 arranged before the track 110 and configured to feed cans 10 into the lubrication track 110 to space out and control the flow of cans 10 into the track. Any other suitable control mechanism may be utilized.

[0039] The length of the track 1 10 is such that the can 10 is able to rotate or roll a full revolution of the can 10 in order to apply the lubricant. For example, the length of the track 110 is approximately at least two times the circumference of a can 10. Alternatively, the length of the track 110 may be shorter or longer. For example, the length of the track 1 10 may be less than a circumference of a can 10.

[0040] The lubricating mechanism 100 includes first 200 and second 300 frame members (sometimes referred to as guide mounting plates) forming the track 110. On the first frame member 200, the outer guide member 210, an inner guide member 270, and a guide/wear plate 230 are attached.

[0041] The outer guide member 210 is positioned on an outer radius portion of the curved track 110 that includes a narrow contacting surface 220 (sometimes referred to as a narrow width) for contacting cans 10 near their open end 12. In other words, the width of the outer guide member 210 is sufficiently narrow so that only a minimum required amount of the upper end 12 of the can 10 will contact the outer guide member 210 and, thus, the lubricant flow path 1 15, as can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7.

[0042] The outer guide member 210 includes one or more holes or passageways 214 to transport lubricant from a lubricant chamber 212 to the narrow contacting surface 220, which is in contact with cans 10 near the open end 12 of the cans 10 being conveyed along the track 110. The lubricant is configured to flow or slide down the outer guide member's 210 flow path 1 15 without being sprayed into the air. Excess lubricant may be directed into a container (not shown) at a bottom of the lubπ eating mechanism 100. The container may be any container suitable to collect excess lubricant.

[0043] The inner guide member is attached to the first frame member and spaced apart from the outer guide member. The inner guide member is separated from the outer guide member a suitable distance to permit the diameter of the cans to be positioned therebetween (and therefore, in the track).

[0044] As can be seen in FIG. 4, the inner guide member 270 includes a profile surface 272 that has a cutout portion 274 and an outermost portion 278. The cutout portion 274 is positioned on a portion of the profile surface 272 closest to the first frame member 200 The cutout portion 274 is set back from the outermost portion 278 of the profile surface 272 so the lubπcant will not wipe off the can 10 when the can 10 rolls by. The outermost portion 278 of the profile surface 272 may or may not contact the surface of the can 10 as the can 10 rolls through the track 110

[0045] As best shown m FIG 7, a guide/wear plate 230 is positioned adjacent the outer guide member 210 such that there is a small gap 280 between the end of the can 10 (at the open end 12) and the track 110 (at the guide/wear plate 230) A larger gap 290, shown in FIG. 4, is provided between the end of the can 10 (at the open end 12) and the first frame member 200 The guide/wear plate 230 is configured to help provide the gap 280 so there is no contact between the can 10 and remaining part of the track 1 10 where the track 110 would provide more resistance to rolling

[0046] A spacer 276, shown m FIG 4, may be provided between the inner guide member 270 and the first frame member 200 to position the inner guide member 270 as needed or to use an inner guide member 270 without a cutout portion 274 Additionally or alternatively, a spacer 240 (or thermal insulator) may be positioned between the outer guide member 210 and the first frame member 200 to position the outer guide member 210 as needed (depending on, for example, the size of the can 10), such as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 The spacers 276, 240, along with other components, may be switched with different spacers of varying thickness to accommodate cans 10 of varying height or to apply lubπcant in varying locations from the end of the can 10

[0047] The second frame member 300 includes an outer guide rail 310 and inner guide rail 370, as best shown in FIG 4 Spacers may be provided adjacent to the second frame member 300 to adjust for varying heights and profile shapes of the cans 10 A spacer 312 may be positioned between the second frame member 300 and the outer guide rail 310 A spacer 372 may be positioned between the second frame member 300 and the inner guide rail 310 The frame member 300 has a profile shape such that a larger gap 390 is near the inner guide rail 310 and a smaller gap 380 is near the outer guide rail 310

[0048] As shown m FIGS 4-5, the axial location of the can 10 may be positioned (via the spacers 240, 276, 312, 372 and outer and inner guide members 210, 270 and outer and inner rails 310, 370) to avoid any contact of the open end 12 of the can 10 near the inner radius (inside) portion 11 IA of the curved track 110 to better promote rolling of the cans 10 rather than sliding. In other words, a small gap 280 at the end of the can 10 on the outside portion

11 IB of the curve's centerline 11 1, and a larger gap 290 at the inside portion 11 IA of the curve's centerline 11 1, such as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7. The cutout surface 274 of the inner guide member 270 on the inner radius 11 IA of the track 110 does not touch the cans 10 where lubricant is applied due to position and/or shape of the inner guide member 270.

[0049] In the lubricating mechanism 100, lubricant is supplied to the track 110 via fittings 250 connected to the outer guide member 210 (FIGS. 1 and 4). A tube or hose 255 (or another suitable device) connects a lubricant chamber (not shown) or supply to the fittings 250 (FIG. 1). The lubricant flows through the fittings 250, into a path in the outer guide member 210 and into the chamber 212 (which may include the wick 217), best shown in FIG. 4. The lubricant is then configured to flow out of the openings or passageways 214 out of the outer guide member 210 to flow down the track 1 10 along the outside surface 220 of the outer guide member 210 in a lubricant flow path 115 to lubricate the can 10 near the open end

12 of the can 10.

[0050] The lubricating mechanism 100 includes a plurality of chambers 212 along the length of the track 110. Each chamber 212 is provided with one or more holes (or passageways) 214 that link the chamber 212 to the outside of the outer guide member 210 to allow the lubricant to flow in the flow path 1 15. The chamber 212 may include one or more fitting openings 216 to connect the fitting 250 to the chamber 212.

[0051] The lubricating mechanism 100 may optionally include a wick 217 positioned in the lubrication chamber 212, such as shown in FIG. 4. The wick 217 is configured to slow the flow of lubricant from the chamber 212 to the passageway 214 and contacting surface 220. The wick 217 may comprise felt or any other suitable material. The wick 217 is positioned in the lubrication chamber 212 such that the wick 217 does not directly contact the can 10, which minimizes potential debris build up on the wick 217 and reduces the need to replace the wick 217.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 1 , the lubricating mechanism 100 may also include a heater 260 to heat up and, thus, liquefy or reduce the viscosity of the lubricant. The heater 260 may be attached directly onto the outer guide member 210. The heater 260 may be attached to the outer guide member 210 via an adhesive, or any other suitable alternative.

[0053] The lubricating mechanism 100 may also include a thermal insulator 240 configured to reduce heat transfer from a heated outer guide member 210 to adjacent parts, such as the first 200 and second frame members 300. The thermal insulator 240 is best shown in FIG. 4. The thermal insulator 240 comprises a plastic composite, or any other suitable material. The thermal insulator 240 may be utilized as a spacer to accommodate for varying sizes of cans 10 in the track 110.

[0054] The outer guide member 210 may further include a cavity 218 with an o-ring 219, such as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The o-ring 219 is configured to provide a seal such that lubricant does not leak out of the chamber 212.

[0055] As best shown in FIGS. 1 , 3, and 8, the lubricating mechanism 100 can be quickly reconfigured to accommodate a different size can 100. In order to quickly reconfigure the lubricating mechanism 100, the disclosed embodiments of these structures are such that the lubricating mechanism 100 is formed in two halves (first 200 and second 300 frame members) so that at least one half can be moved relative to the other. The first 200 and second 300 frame members are mutually supported on one another by way of three shafts: two upper frame shafts (rods) 150 and one lower frame shaft (rod) 160.

[0056] As will be appreciated from the FIGURES showing these embodiments, one end of each of the shafts 150, 160 is connected at a fixed end 164 to one of the first 200 or second 300 frame members while the other end is configured to slide through a collar 154 which is fastened to the other of the first 200 or second 300 frame member. The collars comprise split collars 154 having one portion fastened to a housing/structural member of the frame members 200, 300. By releasing the collars 154, the frame members 200, 300 can be slid along the shafts 150, 160 until the separation distance is suitable for the length of the can 10 which is to be fed into the lubrication mechanism 100. Simply retightening the split collars 154 locks the first 200 and second 300 frame members in a suitable condition for feeding the cans 10 into the lubricating mechanism 100.

[0057] The lubricating mechanism 100 can also be adjust to accommodate cans 10 of different diameter. Portions of the track 1 10 can be swapped out to be replaced with appropriately sized track components. For example, the inner 270 and outer 210 guide members, guide/wear plate 230, and outer 310 and inner 370 rails can be changed if cans 10 with a different diameter are to be used in the machine apparatus or machine line. The thermal insulator 240 and/or spacers 276, 312, 372 may also be replaced with a different sized insulator or spacers to adjust for different can 10 heights.

[0058] The lubricating mechanism 100 may be connected to a can infeed 120. The can infeed 120 is configured to supply the cans 10 into the track 110 for lubrication to be applied. FIG. 9 illustrates one exemplary embodiment of a can infeed 120.

[0059] According to another embodiment of the invention as shown in FIGS. 11-19, cans 10 are lubricated while being held in pockets 22 of a star wheel. The cans 10 to be lubricated are held in separate pockets 22 of the star wheel. The star wheel may be an infeed star wheel 2OA, or any other star wheel 20 in a machine line 102. The lubricating mechanism 400 includes a lubricating track 414 coupled to or adjacent the star wheel 20.

[0060] The lubricating mechanism 400 includes a first frame member (first guide plate) 500 and a second frame member (second guide plate) 600. A first (or outer) guide member (or rail) 510 is attached to the first frame member 500 by screws 511 (FIGS. 15 and 17) or any other suitable mechanism. The first frame member 500 may further be attached to a mounting plate 515, a spacer 520 and heater cover 530, such as shown in FIG. 14.

[0061] The second frame member 600 is attached to a second guide member (or rail) 610 via screws 602, or by any other suitable mechanism. The first frame member 500 is attached or coupled to the second frame member 600 by one or more mounting rods 450, such as shown in FIG. 11.

[0062] The cans 10 to be lubricated are restrained radially between pockets 22 of the star wheel 20 and the first and second guide members 510, 610. The first guide member 510 supplies lubricant to the lubrication track 414 and the cans 10 via fittings 250 connected to the first guide member 510. A tube or hose 255 (FIG. 1) connects a lubricant supply to the fittings 250. The lubricant flows through the fittings 250, into a lubricant passage 115 and out onto a surface of the first guide member 510. The lubrication mechanism 400 may include a wick 217 between the fitting 250 and passage 115, such as shown in FIG. 19. The wick 217 may be made of felt or other suitable material. [0063] The cans 10 are restrained axially between the first and second frame members 500, 600 on each end. To encourage rotation of the cans 10 in the pockets 22, the first and second frame members 500, 600 contact the can 10 at a location or radius that is greater than the centerline 1 1 of the path of the can 10. For example, FIG. 12 illustrates the centerline 1 1 path of the cans 10. The frame members 500, 600 will contact the can 10 in the track 110 at a point outside of the curve line 1 1 representing the centerline of the can's 10 path. The first frame member 500 includes a groove 503 near the opening of the lubricant passage 1 15 for carrying away excess lubricant. A guide contact surface 505 is arranged adjacent to the groove 503 and is configured to contact a surface of the can 10 being lubricated.

[0064] The first guide member 510 has openings at the lubricant passage 115 through which the lubricant is deposited on the open end of the can 10. The shape of the first and second guide members 510, 610 and the corresponding frame members 500, 600 are intended to direct excess lubricant away. A lubrication bracket 420 is attached to the mounting plate 515 by screws or other suitable mechanism. An overflow trough 422, integrated into bracket 420, directs excess lubricant to overflow container 424, which is also attached to bracket 420. Excess lubricant that exits the lubrication track 414 falls onto the overflow trough 422, which is angled to direct the excess lubricant into the overflow container 424. Excess lubricant will either flow to the end of the first guide member 510 and into the overflow container 424, or flow over the edges or through grooves 503 provided in the first frame member 500 and down to the overflow trough 422 and into the overflow container 424.

[0065] When a can 10 passes through the lubrication mechanism 400, the can 10 will rotate in its respective pocket 22 and on the first and second guide members 510, 610, which allows the lubricant to be deposited around the diameter of the can 10. The lubrication mechanism 400 utilizes friction to cause the cans 10 to rotate. The friction may be low and so an additional rotation inducing mechanism may be used. For example, a jet of air may be provided to enhance rotation of the can 10 in the pocket 22. The jet of air may be supplied to the pockets 22 of the star wheel 20 through air openings or passages 23 (FIGS. 11 and 21) when the pockets 22 (and respective cans 10) are adjacent to the lubrication mechanism 400. The openings 23 may be angled to direct the air flow to further encourage rotation of the can 10. The jet of air may be switched on and off or switched from air pressure to a vacuum to control the cans 10 as necessary by means of a valve apparatus. [0066] Positive air pressure or negative pressure (vacuum) is supplied to the pockets 22 of the star wheel 20 through the openings 23 via two chambers (810, 820) in the star wheel hub assembly 26 located inside the star wheel 20. One or more pressure ports 815 are connected to the pressure chamber 810 to provide air pressure. One or more vacuum ports 825 are connected to the vacuum chamber 820 to provide a vacuum. Air is blown into the pockets 22 via the openings 23 to encourage the cans 10 in the pockets 22 to rotate within the confines of the star wheel pocket 22 and first and second guide members 510, 610. A vacuum is supplied after the lubrication is complete to hold the can 10 in the pocket 22 for the purpose of transportation.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 12, a blower pressure is applied to the cans 10 in the pockets starting at point A. The air pressure is continued in the pockets 22 while the star wheel 20 rotates until a pocket 22 reaches point B. At point B, a vacuum is applied to the pocket 22 to facilitate can 10 transport in the star wheel 20. The vacuum is continued until the can 10 and pocket 22 reach point C. At point C, the vacuum is turned off so that the can 10 may be transferred to an adjacent turret or star wheel.

[0068] As can be seen in FIGS. 16 and 19, the first frame member 500 may include one or more heaters 710. The heaters 710 are attached to the first frame member 500 via a heater clamp 715 and screws 718. In the exemplary embodiment, a heater clamp 715 holds or clamps two heaters 710 to the first frame member 500.

[0069] The first frame member 500 may further include one or more thermal insulators 540, 541. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, a thermal insulator 540 is attached to a rear surface of the first frame member 500. A second thermal insulator 541 is attached to the front surface of the first frame member 500. The thermal insulators 540, 541 are attached to the first frame member 500 via a screw 51 1 and washer 512, or any other suitable mechanism.

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 1 1 , 13, and 14, the star wheel 20 is connected to a transfer drive gear 475 via a transfer housing 470. The star wheel 20 is driven via the transfer drive gear

475.

[0071] The guide members 210, 270, 510, 610, and other components such as the guide/wear plate 230, may comprise a hard, slow-wearing surface that will not require frequent replacement. For example, chrome plated steel may be used or any other suitable material.

[0072] It will be recognized that the lubricating mechanism may reduce the complexity and cost compared to a vacuum star wheel equipped with lubricating rollers. The lubricating mechanism also eliminates the need to replace a wick due to debris build up.

[0073] As utilized herein, the terms "approximately," "about," "substantially", and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. It should be understood by those of skill in the art who review this disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described and claimed without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are considered to be within the scope of the invention as recited in the appended claims.

[0074] It should be noted that the term "exemplary" as used herein to describe various embodiments is intended to indicate that such embodiments are possible examples, representations, and/or illustrations of possible embodiments (and such term is not intended to connote that such embodiments are necessarily extraordinary or superlative examples).

[0075] The terms "coupled," "connected," "attached," and the like as used herein mean the joining of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary (e.g., permanent) or moveable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such joining may be achieved with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another or with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being attached to one another.

[0076] References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., "top," "bottom," "above," "below," etc.) are merely used to describe the orientation of various elements in the FIGURES. It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure. [0077] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the lubrication mechanism as shown in the vaπous exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been descπbed in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g , variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of mateπals, colors, oπentations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter descπbed herein. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise vaπed, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may also be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the vaπous exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.