The invention is intended for the utilization in those spheres of economy, where the piece packing of the products is carried out in one or two layer boxes (eg board label and foil), having the form of a prism. The preferable sphere of utilization is the food industry.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

It is known an automatic line for packing the loose products, one of the components of which is a piece packing machine. It consists of two parts, the first part of which is intended for making the box from board label and piece of foil, and the second - for filling the box with product and packaging it. See the passport of the machine LC 150 for packing tea (England). The main mobil element of the box preparing part is an interrupted rotation rotor having the vertical axis of rotation, on which in radial direction the prism mandrels of various size are placed. The box formation is carried out by means of sequence reeling of the board label and foil on them. The corresponding operations are carried out by the mechanisms placed along the rotor periphery, that are set to motion by the main drive. The kinematic connection is realized both by gear and chain transmissions, and by complex high precision cam mechanisms and lever systems. The foil and label feeding is carried out by two different mechanisms, each one of which is kinematically connected with the central rotor.

The main element of the product filler and packaging part is a conveyer, where opening cups for holding the boxes are placed. Along the conveyer the device for filling the boxes with the weighed product and packaging mechanisms are placed. On the end of the conveyer the removing carrier for the ready boxes is mounted. The kinematic connections among the conveyer and the working mechanisms are realized similarly to the first part of the machine. It is also known the packing machine inserted into the packing automatic line for piece packing of loose products. Its construction differs from the described machine construction with the central rotor of its first part rotating around the horizontal axis, and the main mobile element of its second part is made in the form of the rotor having the vertical rotation axis, with opening cups placed paralel to rotation axis thereon. The feeding of the board label and the foil is carried out by a single mechanism- The machines are practically identic by the other features. See the passport of the packing machine of the firm "Bosh" and the automatic packing line "Hesser".

The necessity of motion syncronization of basic mobile elements of machines and peripherial working mechanisms, in conditions of existing among them multiring kinematic connections, demands for kinematic chain members high precision and stiffness. However, the achieved synchronization degree is not sufficient for continuous action principle realization. The masses of the members are large and the motion of their greater part is irregular and interrupted, that causes the significant inertial loadings. The dimensions of the working mechanisms are large, that prevents the fi-llfilment of packing technological process in the compact area and causes the division of the rnachine in two parts. This on its side sharply increases both the specific metal quantity of machine and the occupied production area. The large specific quantity of metal and the high requirements for the precision causes the high cost price. The transportation and the installation of the machines are difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to create a simple and compact packing machine free from the above mentioned disadvantages.

According to the invention the packing machine consists of a stand, a packing material feeding mechanisrn, placed on the rotor rectangle form mandrels of various sizes, which is intended for formation of a box, also opening cups placed on the rotor intended for holding the top of the box during its formation, box forming and packaging mechanisms and product removing carrier. Feeding mechanism is equip ed with the preliminary coupler of packing materials needed for one box preparation and with a mechanical arm for coupled bringing them in the working zone of the machine. The mandrels are placed on the periphery of the rotor, paralel to its rotation axis which is vertical. The opening cups are placed on the same rotor under the mandrels. The box forming and packaging mechanism is installed with the possibility of setting to motion from the mandrels, the cups and the master cams being placed on the rotor.

During the box formation on the packing machine there is provided for the simultanious reeling of the paking material two layer on the mandrels. The box preparing and packaging mechanisms are not connected with the main drive of the machine by the separate kinematic chain and it is set to motion directly from the mandrels, cups and the master cams placed thereon. The exact synchronism of mechanisms motions with the motion of the mandrels and cups is provided with, the necessity of creation of precise kinematic connections is excluded. The continuous action principle is realized in the simple way. The mechanisms are gathered along the periphery of one rotor, having the vertical rotation axis, that made possible the creation of compact packing machine. The cups,

where the box falls, are placed on the rotor directly under the mandrels, that excludes the need of using the seperate mechanism for the transmission of the ready box from one part of the machine to the other and for placing it in the opening cup.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The following figures are given for the better understanding of the present invention: Fig. 1 - the front common view of the packing machine. Fig. 2 - the common view of the packing machine from above. Fig. 3 - the front view of the mandrel. Fig. 4 - the side view of the mandrel.

Fig. 5 - the displacement scheme of the wedges and supports on the mandrel. Fig. 6 - the opening cup. Fig. 7 - the coupling device for packing materials.

Fig. 8 - the interaction scheme of arm mechanical gripper and packing material in top view. Fig. 9 - the same in the front view.

Fig. 10 - the mechanism for preliminary breakage of the label top front lid. Fig. 11 and 12 - the schemes for toning on the lateral faces of the label.

Fig. 13, 15 and 16 - the schemes for turning on and sealing of the label lock lid and of the back face. Fig. 14 - the fig. 13 "A- A" in section.

On the stand 1 of the machine (fig.1 and 2) is mounted the rotor 2 having the vertical rotation axis, plates 3 with the box forming and packaging mechanisms placed thereon (the mecharjisms are not given on the figure), the pressing vibrator 4 for the product filling of the box and the carrier 5 for removing the final product. The foil and board label feeding mechanism 6 is mounted on the other stand. It is equip ed with the bringing in device 9 of the couple - the piece of foil 7 and label 8, eg mechanical arm, in the working zone of the rotor.

Several similar sections are placed on the rotor, the basic member of which is the clamp 10. On it there are placed the box forming mandrel 11, cup 12 for holding the box for forming its top, the element 13 for filling the box with product, eg the funnel and bracing device for holding the label reeled on the mandrel until the sealing process end. The working element 14 of the clamp is fixed jointly on the level 15 and by the spring 16 it is clamped on to the mandrel. The roll 17 is fixed on the lever.

The mandrel is a rectangular prism item having the through hollowness. The hollowness is connected with the inner area of the funnel and provides the possibility of filling the box reeled on the mandrel with the product. The outer face 18 of the mandrel is fixed on the hollow prism 19 by means of plane springs 20, under the influence of which the bed of the face tries to come close to the prism hi the groove of the mobile face the tie 21, with the wedge 22 and the roll 23 fixed thereon, is placed. Under the influence of the spring 24 the mobile wedge 22 is seized on the stiff support fixed on the prism and provides the contact among the supports 26 and 27 placed on the prism and face.

The cup comprises the angles 28 and 29 (fig.6), which are fixed on the clamp 10, respectively rigidly and jointly , under the influence of the spring 30 the mobile part is pressed to the support 31. The roll 32 is connected with the mobile part rigidly.

The foil piece 7 and the label 8 preliminary coupling device of the feeding mechanism comprises the frame for feeding the foil under the cutting l ives 33 (fig. 7), having the two section 34 and 35, placed across the feeding mechanism and radially to the inachine rotor in the vertical plane. The section 34 is closed only from the bottom, and 35 - from the top and from the opposite side of the rotor. The pins 37 are placed on two leading rolls 36 set on one shaft. The springloaded rolls 38 are clamped constantly to the leading rolls. The device also comprises the pusher 39.

The gripping device is mounted on the mechanical arm 9 of the feeding mechanism (fig. 8 and 9), which has the stiff jaw 40, clamped to it with the mobile jaw 42 by means of the spring 41, the stiff support 43 and the mobile jaw 45 clamped to it with the spring 44. The slot between the mobile jaws is more than the foil thickness.

On the body of the feeding mechanism there are placed: the arm 46, on which rigid support 47 is set, the stiff support 43, two springloaded jaws 49 and two guides 50 and 51.

The device for preliminary breakage of the label top front lid comprises the working elements 52 and 53 (fig.10), placed on the interparalel shafts, having the same radius and frequency of rotation, and the guides 54 and 55. The trajectory of the lower working element is tangent to the trajectory of the label 8, and the trajectory of the upper working element crosses the label trajectory.

With the other construction charectaristics the feeding mechanism is practically identical with the known mechanisms.

When forming the box device for coinciding the side surfaces of the foil piece and the label comprises the stiff guides 56 (fig.11 and 12), the axis 57 with three sleeves 58 fixed slotily thereon, the rolls 60 connected with the sleeves by means of the bars 59, the stiff supports ^' 61 and springs 62. The rolls are placed from the mandrel face to the zone of upper cut lines in the same distance from each other. Their holding bars are clamped to the

supports by the springs. The similar springloaded rolls are placed along the mandrel trajectory from both sides, with the equal step to its cross section length of the zone, where the toning on of the label back face and its sealing takes place.

The basic member of the label closing lid and turning on of the foil adjacent area mechanism is a hollow sleeve 63 (fig.13, 14, 15 and 16) fixed rigidly thereon, which has the holes placed radially. With precise placing on the sleeve, the other sleeve 64, fixed in the axis direction and braked, is set on, in the upper part of which, above the zone of reeling the foil on the mandrel, the leading rolls 65 and 66 are fixed; and down, between the mandrel face and label upper cut line zone in corresponding interval - three hollow working elements 67. The mechanism has the other set of leading and working elements, which is moved at 180° angle to the set given on the figure.

The turning on mechanism of the label back face foil adjacent area comprises the rolls

69 and 70 placed on the braked shaft 68 and three working elements. The placing of the elements in respect to the mandrel is performed analogically to the former mechanism. The mechanism has the other set of leading and working elements, which is moved at 180° angle to the set given on the figure.

For setting the described mechanisms in motion the master cam 72 is fixed on each section of the rotor at the height of the roll.

The other box forming and packaging mechanisms do not differ appreciably from the mechanisms described above.

The machine works as follows: the foil that is hung from the hub placed in the feeding mechanism enters among the lcnives 33 (fig.7) passing the roll system and is placed in the left section 34 of the frame, then the feeding is ceased temporarily, the lower knife makes the working stroke and the piece of the foil 7 is cut.

The lower label among those placed in the magazine of the feeding mechanism is seperated from the other ones by means of pneumatic sucker and enters into the rolls which displace them to the guides. During the motion the upper front lid of the label 8 (fig.10) goes out of the guides 54 and passes through the action zone of the working elements 52 and 53. The rib of the working element 53 coincides with the cut lines of the upper front lid and it acts as a support in the turning on process. The linear velocity of the rib is equal to that of the label. The working element 52 turns on the lid. After corning out of the zone the turned on lid folds completely under the influence of the lower part of the guide and continues the motion in that manner. On the final section of the motion the label enters between the rolls 36 and 38 (fig.7) and continues the displacement under their influence in the right section 35 untill the rolls come out of the zone. Their further displacement is carried out under the influence of pins

37, which push from below the label edges thus drive them out from the lower narrow part of the frame. Then the pusher 39 makes the working stroke (synchroniously with the lower knife) and the label takes the final position.

The mechanical arm 9 (fig.l) of the feeding mechanism at this time moves to the frame, the jaws 40, 42 and 45 (fig.8 and 9) of their gripper approaches the edges of the foil 7 and the label 8. The foil edge enters freely into the slot between the jaws 42 and 45, then the edge of the label placed in the frame section, devoid of the longitudinal bending possibility and limited by the frame wall from the opposite side enters between the jaws 40 and 42. The jaw 42 is displaced and presses the foil to the jaw 45, after this the reverse motion of the mechanical arm starts. At the end of the reverse motion the foil and the label enter between the stiff 48 and the springloaded 49 jaws, the edge of the foil presses the support 47, in the result of the further displacement of the mechanical hand the foil and the label are freed from the gripper jaws and take the position given on the fig. 8 and 9 in respect to the mandrel 11. Their left ends are supported on the guides 50 and 51. At the end of the mechanical arm motion the working element 14 of the clamp ( fig.1 and 2) by means of interaction with the stiff guides of the roll 17, touches the label from the front side and presses the label and foil piece under the influence of the spring 16 to the mandrel, approaching from the back side (fig.8 and 9). As a result of the mandrel motion the label and the foil are free from the jaws 48 and 49, are displaced together with the mandrel and enter into the zone of the box foπriing mechanism.

At the start of the first operation for the box formation the mandrel passes between the stiff guides 56 (fig.11 and 12) and the front ribs of the label are being formed, and under the influence of the springloaded rolls 60 the label and the foil coincide fully with the side surfaces of the mandrel. After this the clamp 14 starts the movement to the front mandrel, the label and the foil are held on the mandrel by the springloaded rolls.

The work of the label lid closing and turning on of the back face and sealing mechanisms start on the leading rolls 65 and 69 (fig.13, 14, 15 and 16) under the influence of the mandrel. The shafts of the mechanisms turn and the leading rolls 66 and 70 enter the zone of the master cam 72 (fig.13). Under the influence of the master cam the mechanisms go on rotating and the rolls 66 and 70 in respect to the mandrel along the back face displace in the front direction, then - back. This movement is repeated by the working element 67 and 71 placed under them, under the influence of which the label closing lid and the bsck face is folded (fig.15). The roll 66 starts the work earlier, this enables to fold first the closing lid and the adjacent area of the foil, and then - the back face together with the adjacent area of the foil. The inner surface of the label back face touches the back surfaces of the working element 67. At this moment the holowness of the working elements coincides the holes of the basic sleeve 63 (fig.14) and the adhesive fed under the

pressure in the last one passing the hollowness of the working elements smear on the label back face. After coming out of the working elements 67 from the zone of the mandrel the working elements 14 of the clamp pushes the back face and presses its surface smeared with the adhesive to the outer surface of the closing lid. The formation of the box bed is carried out similarly using the correspoding mechanisms.

After coming out from the sealing zone the bed of the box in the pressed position continues the movement on the stiff guides until the adhesive becomes dry.

Paralel to the adhesive drying the weighed product falls in the funnel 13 (fig.1) placed above the mandrel, after this the box is free from the working elements 14 of the clamp, the roll 23 (fig.3) interacts with the stiff master cam and the tie 21 is displaced downwards, the wedge 22 ( fig.4 and 5) comes down from the support 25 and the mobile face 18 approaches the prism 19, the edge of the tie presses box bed and excludes its jarnming on the mandrel. The box under the influence of the own weight and the product falls into the cup, which in the result of the interaction of the roll 32 (fig.6) with the stiff master cam is in the open position. The roll 23 (fig.3) comes out of the contact with the master cam and under the influence of the spring 24 the mobile face 18 of the mandrel returns to the start position.

The cup 12 (fig.l) in the open position continues the movement and the box bed placed in it slides on the vibrator 4; the product pressing takes place, the cup is closed and the process of the box top formation starts, which goes on similarly to the box fomiing.

The realization of the offered construction enables the reduction of the metal specific quantity 3 times, the utilized production area is 2,5 times less, the expenditure of the electric power is 3 times less, the uninterrupted action principle is realized, the requirements for the precision and stiffness of the machine and its seperate units and members are significantly low, the transportation and installation of the machine on the place is much more easier.