Technical Field

The present invention relates to a marking composition.for use in carbonless record material, which composition is substantially colorless, but which yields a distinctive marking color on exposure to color developing conditions.

Background Art

In the field of thermal printing and the use of heat-sensitive, coated paper or like record material in the printing operation, the coating formulation or the formulation of the substrate itself includes eyes or dye solutions which affect the quality of print and usefulness of the paper. As is well-known in the impact printing art, the carbonless paper, which is useful for transferring ink material to one or more additional sheets, is generally coated with microscopic capsules containing a substaπtially cclcriess marking liquid composition including one cf the reactive ingredients which reacts with another material to produce the mark that is initiated by an ir.pact element against the paper and which impact element causes rupture of the capsules and release of the marking liquid.

In a typical and well-known arrangement, a top or first sheet of a manifold of sheets may include a capsular coating on the back surface thereof and such sheet is referred to as a "CB" sheet, one or more intermediate sheets may include a coating on the front surface and a capsular coating on the back surface and which are termed "CFB" sheets, and the bottom or last sheet has a coating on the front surface and is referred to as a "CF" sheet. The direct impact on the top or CB sheet causes a mark thereon to be

transferred by rupturing the capsules on the back thereof, the CFB sheet causes formation of the mark by reaction with the coating on the front and transfer of such mark through rupture of the capsules on the back of the intermediate sheet, and the CF sheet is marked by reaction with the coating on the front thereof in a manner to provide the mark on all sheets. The color forming or precursor ingredient of the CB capsules reacts with the color developing ingredient of the CF coating to produce the mark or image.

It is in the area of the encapsulated marking liquid solution or internal phase which has been and is being worked and developed to provide improved marking or printing on. the record media.. Prior knowledge of composition of the dye solution or liquid indicates that monoisopropyl biphenyl (MIPS) is used as a dye solvent in "Trans/Rite" paper as manufactured by The Mead Corporation of Dayton, Ohio. Also, it is noted that "San asol" is produced by Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, and is acceptable as a solvent ingredient for use in the manufacture of carbonless paper. Further, it is known that Appleton Papers, Inc. , Appleton, Wisconsin, has included crystal violet iactone CCVL) blue dye and indolyi red (IP.) dye tc ιr.aκ.e a solution for blue printing, and that K—102 dye has been used in a formulation to provide an improved resistance to CB decline, which is the reduction in ability to produce a satisfactory image after accelerated light exposure.

Disclosure of the Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a substantially colorless marking liquid composition which yields a mark of high print intensity and which substantially minimizes color decline.

HI :ET

Thus, according to the invention there is provided a marking liquid composition for use in carbonless record material, characterized in that said composition includes in combination a substantially colorless chromogenic material at least partially consisting of crystal violet lactone, a petroleu alkylate dodecyl benzene and an alkylated biphenyl solvent.

Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention

Prior to describing the composition of the marking liquid of the present invention, it should be noted that research and development work has included the use of crystal violet lactone CCVL) blue dye and indolyl red (IR) dye to provide a color former solution or oily dye formulation for obtaining blue print. Representative samples cf such blue printing included the use of 6.8 Kg CB paper on both 6.8 Kg and 13.6 Kg CF paper, both samples providing a certain print intensity of acceptable quality. The ingredients of the capsular internal phase liquid being used in such samples are disclosed in DS-A- 4,001,140.

In the case cf black print, a representative sample included the use of £.£ Kg CB paper or 6.6 Kg CF paper and mixing the ingredients of the mentioned O.S. patent in relative percentages to yield the black print.

The coating of an exemplary CF sheet generally includes a phenolic resin or like color developing material which is reactive with the dyes or like color forming materials, kaolin clays or other ingredients in the binder material. When a CB sheet and a CF sheet are placed in coated face-to-coated- face relation and pressure is applied, the capsules of the CB sheet are ruptured and the encapsulated

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material or internal phase liquid is transferred to and reacts with the acid component of the CF sheet to yield a color.

One of the tests associated with such rupture of the CB capsules and color formation is the dropping weight, reflectance density, test which is a measure of the response of carbonless paper to a deliberate marking pressure and therefore the intensity of the resulting print. In this test, a standard one-half inch diameter circular pattern is formed on a CF-CB (coated front and coated back) pair of sheets by means of a weight-dropping instrument. After a color development time period of about twenty minutes, the reflectance density of the circular area is measured by means of a Macbeth RD- 00 reflectance densitometer. The reflectance density of the color developed circular area is a measure of the colcr de lo me t or ^* , the CF sheet. A high reflectance reading on the densitometer indicates a preferred, more intense image or one of good colcr development, whereas a low densitometer reading indicates a light cr less intense image and poor color development.

E AMP E 1 Example 1 is a marking liquid formulation or composition which is encapsulated and applied to a substrate for forming a CB sheet, and yielding a blue- appearing mark of improved intensity upon rupture of the capsules.

Material Percent Dry Weight Sur-Sol 290 33

Alkylate 215 64

CVL Dye 3

EXAMPLE 2 Exampte 2 is another marking liquid formulation of composition which is encapsulated and applied to a substrate for forming a CB sheet, and upon rupture .of the capsules yielding a blue-appearing mark of improved intensity.

Material Percent Dry Weight Sur-Sol 290 33

Alkylate 215 64

CVL Dye 2.5

Olive Green Dye 0.5

Sur-Sol 290 is a trademark of Koch Chemical Company, Corpus Christi, Texas, for alkylated biphenyl solvent material. Alkylate 215 is a trademark of Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, for petroleum alkylate dodecyl benzene or detergent intermediate material. The CVL dye is crystal violet lactone dye sole under the trademark Copikem 1 by Eilton-Davis Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. The olive green dye iε sold under the trademark Pergascript Olive I-G by Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Greensboro, North Carolina.

EXAMPLE 3

Example 3 is a marking liquid formulation or composition which iε encapsulated and applied to a substrate for forming a CB sheet and yielding a black- appearing mark of improved intensity upon rupture of the capsules.

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Material Percent Dry Weiqht

Sur-Sol 290- - 76

Alkylate 215 19

N-102 Black Dye 4.25

CVL Dye 0.25

Indolyl Red Dye 0.25

Pergascript Olive Dye 0.25

EXAMPLE 4

Example 4 iε a marking liquid composition not containing the alkylate material and which is encapsulated and applied to a substrate for forming a CB sheet and yielding a black-appearing mark upon rupture of the capsules.

Materi l Percent Drv ^~ Weicht Sur-Sol 290 95.4

N-102 Black Dye 4.14

Indolyl Red Dye 0.23

Olive Green Dye 0.23

EXAMPLE 5 Example 5 is a marking liquid formulation or composition using certain of the ingredients of Example 3 for yielding a black-appearing mark.

Material Percent Drv Weight Sur-Sol 290 76

Alkylate 215 19

N-102 Black Dye 4.5

CVL Dye 0.5

The N-102 black dye is sold under the trademark copikem 4 and Indolyl Red dye iε sold under the trademark Copikem 3 by Hilton-Davis Company, while the olive dye is not an essential ingredient for accomplishing the improved print intensity, such dye

accentuates the gloss of the typed or printed characters.

The preferred composition for a blue- appearing mark is made in accordance with Example 1 formulation of one part of crystal violet lactone, about twenty parts of petroleum alkylate material and about ten parts of solvent material. The preferred composition for a black-appearing mark is made in accordance with either Example 3 or 5 formulation of one part of chromogenic material, about four parts of petroleum alkylate, and about fifteen parts of solvent.

Table 1 presents reflectance density data using the dropping weight instrument and the Macbeth RD-400 reflectance•densitometer. In all test cases presented, the coating substrate was white paper and the CF paper was a standard 6.8 Kg CF paper, as manufactured by Appleton Papers Inc. The RD-400 readings were taken at twenty minutes after the dropping weight application to the CB-CF paper pair being tested. Generally, an average reflectance density value was taken from eight applications of the dropping weight instrument. The higher values indicate hiσh orint intensity.

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TABLE 1

Reflectance

CB-CF Pair Color Density

API 6.8 Kg CB/API 6.8 Kg Blue 54.5

CF (Control) - .

Example 1 6.8 Kg CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Blue 65

Example 2 6.8 Kg CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Blue 67

API 6.8 Kg CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Black 48

(Control) Example 3 6.8 CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Elack

Example 4 6.8 CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Black 4£

Example 5 6.8 Kg CB/API

6.8 Kg CF Black 55

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