MECHANICAL AND SEMICONDUCTOR SWITCHED BATTERY CHARGE AND USAGE SYSTEM

Technical Field

This invention relates to charge and usage of rechargeable battery groups or cells in electrical, electronics technical field.

Previous Technique

In today's charge and usage systems, battery groups with same value ( with same current capacity ) are being connected serially and charged with constant voltage or current and use in this form

In the charge and decharge control applications of these systems, during charge operation, when one of the groups or cells reaches charged voltage value, charge operation of whole system stops before the other groups or cells are fully charged, charge operation ends or charge operation continues after balancing system by some decharging the group or cell which is reached to charged voltage value. This conditions cause loss of both energy and time. During the usage, when one of the serial connected battery groups or cells decharges to empty reference value , energy usage ends although the other cells are not fully decharged , because of continue to use system would cause damage on group or cell, , system is being subjected to charge operation and this circumstances increases instability between groups or cells and decreases duration of use.

Purpose of the invention

During charge of rechargeable battery groups or cells, to remove the group or cell which is reached to the charge referance voltage value and to continue the charge operation on other groups or cells, and to end charging operation when all groups or cells are fully charged. So that, to decreace instability between groups or cells and to avoid loss of energy and time, and to increase efficiency of the system.

During usage of rechargeable battery groups or cells, to remove the group or cell which is decharged to the empty reference value and to continue usage of the system. So that, to decreace instability between groups or cells and to increase duration of use. Description of Figures

Blog diagram of the invention is shown in the figures attached.

Figure 1 Charge or usage beginning case.

Figure 2 One battery group or cell is removed during charge or usage.

Figure 3 Two battery group or cell is removed during charge or usage.

Description of References in Figures

+V charge or usage voltage

B1 , B2, B3, ... Bn Battery group or cell

Ss1 , Ss2, Ss3, ... Ssn Mechanical or Semi-Conductor switch for connecting or disconnecting the battery group or cell to the system.

Sp1 , Sp2, Sp3, ... Spn Mechanical or Semi-Conductor switch for connecting or disconnecting the battery group or cell to the system.

Description of invention

Without limitation of number, battery groups or cells are connected serially with mechanical or semi-conductor switches ( Ss1 , Ss2, ... Ssn ), while these serially connected mechanical or semi-conductor switches are in closed state, before serial switches, mechanical or semi-conductor switches ( Sp1 , Sp2, ... Spn ) are connected to the battery groups or cells in open state.

Groups or cells used in the system can have different values ( different voltage and current capacities).

System can consist of battery groups, cells or battery groups and cells mixed ( usage of both groups and cells ).

One Sp and one Sn mechanical or semi-conductor switch control each battery group or cell. Sp switch and Sn switch of a cell are in opposite ( reverse) state. When Ss is open, Sp is closed and when Sp is open, Ss is closed. ( that can be done by

mechanical or semi-conductor switching )

Charge can be done by using constant voltage (+V) or current.

In the beginning of charging, Ss1 , Ss2, ... Ssn is in closed state (conductive), Sp1 , Sp2, ... Spn is open state (nonconductive). When one of the battery groups or cells is reached to charged reference value, Ss and Sp switches related to that group or cell change state. Closed one becomes open, open one becomes closed. As a result of that, the group or cell which is charged is removed out of system.

if system is charged by constant voltage, change charge voltage warning can be obtained from switch.

When all groups or cells are remove out of the system, charge operation ends. In the beginning of using, Ss1 , Ss2, ... Ssn is in closed state (conductive), Sp1 , Sp2, ... Sp3 is in open state (nonconductive).

When one of the battery groups or cells is decharged to empty reference value level, Ss and Sp switches related to that group or cell change state. Closed one becomes open , open one becomes closed, . As a result of that, the group or cell which is decharged is removed out of the system.

As a result of removing battery groups and cells, when total system voltage drops lower then the demanded voltage (+V), usage ends.

Application style of invention in industry

Battery charge and usage systems are used in the fields where electrical energy is needed to be stored. Today these fields are; uninterruptible power supplies, electricity generation from solar energy, storage of the energy from renewable sources, portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and similar areas ... etc Because it will increase the efficiency of battery goups or cells and provide more efficient use of energy, mechanical or semi-conductor switched charge and usage systems will be preferred and will be demanded in the fields where energy is stored.