MECHANISM FOR AUTOMATIC TURNING, LIFTING, LOWERING AND LOCKING THE LATERAL SIDE OF THE TRUNK OF LOADING VEHICLES AND

TRAILERS

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Subject-matter of the invention belongs, most widely to the field of road loading vehicles, particularly trailers thereof, and more precisely refers to the device for turning, lifting, lowering and locking the lateral side for the purpose of loading or unloading various types of cargos. According to the International Patent Classification (abbreviated as IPC) the subject of the invention is given a place under B 62 D 27/06, where connections between superstructure sub- units, that may be readily releasable, i.e. assembled, are defined.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Technical problem solved by means of a herewith explained invention consists in the following: how to develop a device for turning, lifting, lowering and locking the lateral side of the trunk of loading vehicles and trailers, that should be achieved in combination of a mechanical and hydraulic starting, with automatic action.

Technical problem solved by herewith explained construction of device, according to this invention, where the need for manual opening and closing, at up to now existing common mechanisms, was removed.

STATE-OF-ART

The author and the applicant who filed this application for the invention of 'Mechanism for Automatic Turning, Lifting, Lowering and Locking the Lateral side of the Trunk of Loading Vehicles and Trailers' is not informed of the existing state-of-art and other technical solutions in this technical field.

SUBJECT MATTER OF THE INVENTION

Invention refers to a mechanism for automatic turning, lifting, lowering and locking the lateral side of the trunk of loading vehicles and trailers.

Constructional solution developed for the main patent for lifting and lowering with locking the lateral side at all types of loading vehicles and the trailers, as well, anticipates that the lifting and lowering of the lateral side of the trunk is carried out hydraulically, while the locking of the lateral side for front and rear front of the vehicle is carries out in a mechanical way, automatically exactly when the sides fit each to other.

Constructional solution developed for the additional patent of the device for turning, lifting and lowering with locking the lateral side at all types of loading vehicles and trailers designs that turning, lifting and lowering the lateral side of the trunk is also carried out hydraulically, but according to the changes and additional developments that enable turning the lateral side by 180° and provide improved safety and static stability to the trailer at all.

The subject-matter of the additional patent consists in that, that in the middle of the front and rear side of the trunk there is fixed a vertical support 2, which existed even at the main patent, but the present change is in that that instead of a transversal holder 1 on the support 2 is welded a 'U' profile 26 in the middle of which, in its axis two holes are bored wherein is set an axle 28 with which engaged in joint is a two-way hydraulic cylinder turner 3' with a piston rod 30'. Cylinder turner 3' with a two-way function is introduced because of the fact that it enables the possibility of controlled lifting and lowering of the lateral side regardless of its weight.

For the upper part of the vertical profiled support 2, which is in part protruded above the upper edge of the front side of the trailer and, in a joint 25, retractably fixed by its end an angular carrier 5 the other ending of which is fixed to a short side edge of the lateral side - b which should be lifted by 90°, turned by 180° and lowered down. From the above, there comes out that the carriers 5 support the lateral side - b of the trailer - P as in the main patent application. The distance piece with a rigid axle 29 connected rigidly to 'L' of the marked side - b that it moves

on, is coupled to the other ending of the two-way hydraulic cylinder of the turner 3'. Construction like this with a two-way hydraulic cylinder turner 3' enables revolving of the side

- by 180° from its initial position toward left where achieve change in comparison to the main patent is where the side — b was lifted by 90° by an one way cylinder 3. Locking the lateral side

- b to a front and rear side of the vehicle remains as in the main patent.

Sealing of the lateral side - b has a change in comparison to the main patent in that the curved rubber G is fastened by an angular profile L and a screw Z used to be fixed from the bottom of the trailer and such a solution was inconvenient at unloading and tipping. Present solution is such that an angular profile with a screw Z is fixed to the lateral side - b, which is the lifting one, and a double rubber fits on the angular profile L, and thereon fits another angular profile L, also fixed by means of a screw Z. The rubber G is used for sealing as the lateral side - b, when in closed position fits all along its length to the rubber G.

Additional invention develops even a mechanism for loading a wheel.

Onto the side - b is fixed a Device for loading a wheel from having weight of 50 to 100 kg. Parts of the Device, mutually coupled are a plate girder N on the bottom end of which is set a welded joint along with a holder 35 for the wheel T, which is being loaded in. On the upper side of the holder 35 is welded a U profile 36 with an axle 37 that is used for connection with a chain L and the other ending of the chain L is coupled to a carrier 38 and the length of the chain L is adjustable as to the need. This adjustment of the length of the chain L is enabled by means of the lock 39 fixed in the carrier 38 and fit to be integral all together. When the length of the chain L is adjusted as to the required height for lifting the wheel T, then the holder 35 in its slot Z from the bottom side sets a part 41 having a shape of an inverted U profile in the middle along with a pin 42 which is used for the connection of a chain L, and to a part 41 from the top side welded thereto is a part which carries little wheels 40. Chain L which is brought into stretched position so that when lifting the side - b, the wheel T is lifted as to a circular path K.

When it comes to the adjusted height, the wheel T slides over the little wheels 40 that are in use as lifting tackle. Thus these unload the wheel T into the middle of the loading trunk.

On the top ending of the plate girder N by a screw is tied to the side - b part 43 whereto is connected a carrier 35 having a possibility of height adjustment.

For the purpose of providing the required signalling indicators during loading, lifting and lowering the lateral side, onto the sides which may be opened as to this invention, by lifting upside and turning above the loading trunk, a Device for warning indicators for lighting signalling devices and electric buzzer in the compartment for sound signalling devices is built in.

The complete chart is given at the figure 8.

Inside the driver's compartment is inbuilt a box that comprises: a main switch GPR, electric buzzer ωL , signalling indicator up to 5 W. The units inbuilt at the lifting side are as the following: 4 housings with a completely inbuilt signalling indicators up to 15 w, micro switch MPR on the front side where its top edge is, so that the carrier of the lateral side - b may be adjusted to press the micro switch MPR when the side is lowered all up to the limit and switches off all the signalling arrangements both acoustic and optical ones. All the parts from the driver's compartment up to the trailer are coupled to a four wired cable.

When the side lifts up the relay switches on and it switches a light indicator flicker, and at the same time in the driver's compartment even the buzzer that emits sound intermittent signals and switches the light indicator flicker in the compartment so as to inform the driver by means of both optical and acoustic signals on the state of the lateral side - b.

The main switch GPR is used to switch off or switch on the whole device if the trailer is out of use for a period of time.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Construction developed for the solution of this mechanism for turning, lifting and lowering with locking the lateral side at all types of loading vehicles, and the trailers, as well anticipates that the turning, lifting and lowering of the lateral side of the trunk is carried by means of a hydraulic, while the locking of the lateral side for the front and rear side of the vehicle is achieved mechanically achieved, automatically exactly when the sides fit each to other.

On the drawings in the continuation is given an example of the achievement of the subject of the additional invention:

Figure 1 represents a trailer with inbuilt mechanism as to the additional invention and as seen perpendicularly to the lateral side of the trailer,

Figure 2 represents the trailer as in figure 1 with a turned lateral side from the right onto the left as seen in axonometric projection,

Figure 2-a represents a trailer as in figure 1 as seen from the front,

Figure 3 represents a detail from figure 1 as seen in the direction from arrow A, a detail of packing that is changed,

Figure 4 represents a scheme of a hydraulic distribution along the trailer;

For the purpose to enable the loading of the wheel into the loading trunk without any physical force, which does not exist in the main patent, the device for loading the wheel is developed, and it is fixed from the inside onto the side - b.

Figure 5 represents a device as set from the inside of the lateral side - b as seen perpendicularly onto the lateral side of the lateral side.

Figure 6 represents a device as set onto the inside of the lateral side b as seen perpendicularly to the lateral side of the lateral side. Figure 6 represents a way of loading the wheel T given in the cross-section M-M;

Figure 7 represents an assembly of the device for loading the wheel T.

Figure 8 represents the scheme of the unit for warning acoustic and optical signalling indicators.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the figures of the drawing a part of the Device within the assembly with a hydraulic cylinder, that is set to the front side of the trailer - P can be seen.

Completely identical part of the Device is set in the rear part of the trailer. Both devices work in complete synchronization.

Change of the additional patent, in comparison to the main one, allows lifting, turning, lowering and locking the lateral side - b, by 180° where achieved is improved safety and static stability of the trailer at all.

Vertical along the middle of the front and rear side of the trailer there is by means of screws fixed vertical support 2 whereon is welded a U profile 26 in the middle of which, in the axis, there are two holes bored, wherein is set an axle 28 whereto jointly connected is a two-way hydraulic cylinder turner 3' with a piston rod 30'.

To the upper part of the vertical profiled support 2, which is by its one its part protruded above the top edge of the front side of the trailer, and turningly fixed in the joint 25 along its one side the angular carrier 5 the other ending of which is fixed onto the short edge of the lateral side - b that is to be lifted by 90°, turned by 180° and lowered. A distance piece has one axle 29 rigidly joined from L marked side - b the motion of which it starts, being connected to the other ending of the two-way hydraulic cylinder turner 3'. Construction like this with two-way hydraulic cylinder turner 3' enables turning the side - b, by 180° from its initial position toward left.

Figure 3 represents a detail from the mechanism for locking the lateral side - b which remains unchanged in comparison to the main patent and represents a detail from sealing the lateral side- b as it follows: on the liftable lateral side - b, there are fixed all along the length - b from the inside an angular profile L with a screw Z, onto the angular profile L and leans a double curved rubber G and thereon another angular profile L also firmed by means of the screw Z to the side. The rubber G being thrust from the loading in the trailer and in that way achieves the sealing thereof all along the lateral side - b.

Figure 4 represents a scheme of a hydraulical distributing on a trailer for lifting, turning and lowering the lateral side — b in two variations: the first variation anticipates two-way cylinder which lifts up the side by up to 90° and lifts the sides both heavier and easier ones, and the other variation is also a two-way hydraulical cylinder 3' turner which lifts up by 90° and turns to the left by 180°' Therewith, it conducts the weight balance (of the loading trunk) at tipping.

The scheme of the hydraulical distributing represents the changed hydraulical cylinder 3' with two-way piston moving with the piston rod 30' under the impact of oil pressure, by the control lever from the cabin of the tractor or a loading vehicle with the intention to lift or lower down the lateral side - b. Here the existing system of hydraulical pipes is marked by C ₁ and C ₂ . Hydraulical pipe system connects each to other by means of pressure reducers RP-I and RP-2, by means of hose-to hose couplings connected the pressure hoses CP-I and Cp-2 coupled to two-way hydraulical cylinders 3'. In the driver's compartment there are control valves KV-I and KV-2, each one separately carries out its function with regard to the same command, as may be seen in figure 4.

The way of operation of this mechanism is simple: activating the control levers 'by advance of the machine' there comes that the control valve KV-I, which enables the flow of oil under the pressure in the pipes C-I of the pressure reducer RP-I and pressure hoses CP-I, opens and thus it transfers into the cylinders 3' the oil pressure in the direction of arrow 'upward' - G and thrusts the pistons with piston rods upward and thereby there comes to lifting up the lateral side - b.

Activating the control handle 'toward the aft position' the control valve KV-2 opens, the valve allows oil to flow under the pressure into the pipe system C-2 of pressure reducer RP-2 and pressure hoses CP-2 conveying therewith oil pressure into the cylinders 3' in the direction of arrow 'downward' - D, thrusting the pistons with piston rods 30' downward and carries out lowering down the lateral side — b.

Control levers when in the middle - zero position, it switches off each activity of hydraulical pressure in distributing installations and cylinders. At activating the lever for the purpose of lifting or lowering down the lateral side - b, handling thereof stops, then it automatically sets back into zero position, and then the effect of oil pressure ceases, the lateral side - b remains in the position that it had come upon.

Figure 5 represents a Device for Loading the Wheel. On the lateral side - b from the inside is fixed and to the device for loading the wheel T. On the lateral side - b is fixed a plate girder N that carries parts of the device that are mutually coupled. On the bottom end of the plate girder N is welded a joint with a carrier 35 of the wheel that is being loaded on.

On the upper side of the carrier 35 is welded a U profile 36 with an axle 37 which is in use for connection to the chain L and the other ending of the chain L is connected to the holder 38, and the length of the chain L is adjusted and allowed by means of a lock 39 fixed in the holder 38 and make an integral part all together. When adjusted the length of the chain L according to the required height for lifting the wheel T, then in the carrier 35 and in one of its slits from the bottom is set a part 41 with little wheels 40, and brings the chain in the extremely stretched position so that when lifting the lateral side - b, the wheel T is lifted as to a semicircular path K. When it comes to the adjusted height the wheel T slides over the little wheels 40, in use as a lifting tackle, and the wheel T is unloaded in the middle of the loading trunk. So as to enable the control of the lateral side - b to the driver lifted or lowered down up to the final position and to give a signal to the surrounding on the change of the size of the trailer - P,

therein fit up is a Signalling device which gives out both acoustic and optical signalling. In the driver's compartment is built-in the box with the parts: buzzer with a microphone up to 0,3 W, visual signalling indicator up to 5 W, relay of up to 12 W with two independent contacts and the main switch. On the side which is anticipated for lifting up i.e. the lateral side - b are inbuilt: 4 housings with signaling indicators up to 15 W, microprocessor on the front side close to its upper edge so that the carrier of the lateral side - b thrusts the micro switch when the side lowers all down to the end and switches off the acoustic and optical signalling indicators. Parts from the driver's compartment up to the trailer P are connected to the four wired cable.

At lifting up the lateral side - b, it switches on the relay and then it switches on the light indicator flicker, as well and at the same time the buzzer in the driver's compartment, the buzzer gives away intermittent signals and switches on the light indicator flicker in the driver's compartment thus, it informs the driver by means of both acoustic and optical signals on the condition and mode of the lateral side - b. The main switch, which is also inbuilt in the box in the driver's compartment is in use to switch on or switch off the whole device if the trailer is out of use for a period of time.