| WO/2008/072705 | ACCELERATION SENSOR, AND AVIAN INFLUENZA MONITORING SYSTEM |
| JP2003319759 | METHOD FOR USING ISOMER-CONCENTRATED CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID COMPOSITION |
| WO/2004/063127 | COMPOSTER |
DOUGLAS, Paul (207 Autumn Street, Geelong West, Victoria 3218, AU)
| CLAIMS 1. A method for evaluating the genetic worth of a candidate breeding animal, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining information on a trait from at least one maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal, and analyzing the trait information to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal. 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the maternal ancestor is a male maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal. 3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the male maternal ancestor is a male maternal grand parent of the candidate breeding animal. 4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the male maternal ancestor is selected from the group consisting of the male maternal grant parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great great grandparent of the candidate breeding animal, and the male maternal great great great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising the step of obtaining information on a trait of the male parent of the candidate breeding animal, and analyzing the trait of the male parent to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal. 6. A method according to claim 4 or claim 5 wherein the following weights are accorded to the trait information: the male parent: about or exactly one half the male maternal grant parent: about or exactly one quarter the male maternal great grand parent: about or exactly one eighth the male maternal great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixteenth the male maternal great great great grandparent: about or exactly one thirty-second the male maternal great great great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixty-fourth. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the genetic worth provides an estimation or probability of a trait being exhibited in an offspring of the candidate breeding animal. 8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the trait information is phenotypic information. 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the phenotypic information is a performance datum. 10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the trait information is genetic information. 1 1 . A method according to claim 10 wherein the genetic information is selected from the group consisiting of alleles, haplotypes, haplogroups, loci, quantitative trait loci, or DNA polymorphisms [restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLPs), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs), indels, short tandem repeats (STRs). microsatellites and minisatellites nucleotide base mutation (including a substitution, a deletion, addition), the presence or absence of a genetic marker. 12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1 wherein the candidate breeding animal is a female. 13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the candidate breeding animal is a mammal. 14. A method for producing a male animal for breeding, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of a female candidate breeding animal according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and inseminating the female candidate breeding animal to produce the male animal for breeding. 15. A method for comparing the genetic worth of at least two animals, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of each of the at least two animals according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 16. A method for evaluating the suitability of a first animal to mate with a second animal, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of the first animal by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 17. A method according to claim 16 wherein an animal having a lower than desired genetic worth is excluded from the possibility of mating. 18. A method for monitoring the genetic progress of an animal or a group of animals, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 at a first time, evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 at a second time, and comparing the genetic worth of the animal or group of animals at the first and second times. 19. A method for obtaining a reproductive or regenerative material from an animal comprising evaluating the genetic worth of an animal by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and obtaining the reproductive or regenerative material from the animal. 20. A reproductive or regenerative material obtain by a method according to claim 19. 21 A method for producing an animal comprising use of a reproductive or regenerative material according to claim 20. 22. A computer executable code capable executing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 19. 23. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 substantially as hereinbefore described by reference to any of the Figures or Examples. |
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to the field of animal breeding, including the breeding of commercially important animals such as cattle, sheep and fish. In particular, the methods are useful for selecting animals suitable for breeding among a population of animals, such as a herd. The methods involve analysis of trait information from ancestors of a candidate breeding animal and evaluating the genetic worth of that animal.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Historically, artificial breeding programs operated on the basis of selecting animals for breeding according to the presence of a certain desired phenotype. In traditional breeding programs, breeders use visual appraisal to estimate an animal's genotypic merit. By carefully recording the characteristics of herd members and their descendents, animal breeders can estimate the average performance of specific traits for an individual's progeny.
For example, a cow that consistently provides higher than expected volumes of milk is selected for breeding on the expectation that a progeny animal will have an increased likelihood of having that same positive trait. While these simple methods may be effective, with the complexity of animal genetics the outcome is often significantly removed from that as expected. Furthermore, problems with inbreeding in a population can arise in the pursuit of mating animals having the same desirable traits.
Whilst phenotypic selection has proven to be a useful tool, it is time consuming and expensive. In particular, artificial selection based on phenotype may use progeny testing wherein the estimated breeding value of an individual is determined by performing multiple matings of the individual and determining the performance of the progeny for a particular trait or phenotypic character. It is estimated that the time taken to prove one Holstein bull takes approximately 64 months from conception to first proof, assuming a 9 month gestation period and that young bulls are test mated at one year of age and females are mated at 15 months of age. In this example, the total cost of proving one bull is about USD40,000, including the cost of housing and feeding the bull, collection and storage of semen, test matings and classification of daughters.
Undoubtedly, the use of genetic methods has improved traditional animal breeding methods with techniques such as marker-assisted selection, a process that incorporates DNA testing into traditional genotypic evaluation systems. Commercially available genetic tests based on the association of markers with important traits have facilitated the wide spread use of marker-assisted selection methods. Incorporating such tests into breeders' calculations can improve the accuracy of their estimated progeny differences (EPDs). This allows for more accurate genotypic predictions, or "marker-adjusted EPDs." Even with the continual discovery of new markers, significant deficiencies remain in terms of validated marker-trait associations, thereby limiting the exploitation of genetic testing in animal breeding programs.
Furthermore, prior art methods are less than completely objective in nature, leaving analyses open to a level of interpretation.
It is an aspect of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate a problem with the prior art by providing a method for identifying high breeding value animals.
The discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included in this specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all of these matters formed part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed before the priority date of each claim of this application.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to methods for identifying animals that a suitable or unsuitable for breeding. The methods are based at least in part on a consideration of a trait exhibited in a maternal ancestor of the animal under scrutiny. Accordingly, in a first aspect the present invention provides a method for evaluating the genetic worth of a candidate breeding animal (typically a female animal), the method comprising the steps of: obtaining information on a trait from at least one maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal, and analyzing the trait information to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal.
In one embodiment of the method the maternal ancestor is a male maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal, such as a male maternal grand parent. In certain forms of the method the male maternal ancestor is one or more of the following: the male maternal grant parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great great grandparent of the candidate breeding animal, and the male maternal great great great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal. The method may include the further step of obtaining information on a trait of the male parent of the candidate breeding animal, and analyzing the trait of the male parent together with a trait of a maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal.
In the step of analyzing, the following weights may be accorded to the trait information: the male parent: about or exactly one half, the male maternal grant parent: about or exactly one quarter, the male maternal great grand parent: about or exactly one eighth, the male maternal great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixteenth, the male maternal great great great grandparent: about or exactly one thirty-second, the male maternal great great great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixty-fourth.
In another aspect the invention provides a method for producing a male animal for breeding, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of a female candidate breeding animal according to a method described herein, and inseminating the female candidate breeding animal to produce the male animal for breeding.
Also provided is a method for comparing the genetic worth of at least two animals, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of each of the at least two animals according to a method described herein. In one embodiment of the method an animal that has a low genetic worth is excluded from the mating analysis.
The present invention further provides a method for evaluating the suitability of a first animal to mate with a second animal, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of the first animal by a method as described herein.
In another aspect the present invention provides a method for monitoring the genetic progress of an animal or a group of animals, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method as described herein at a first time, .evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method as described herein at a second time, and comparing the genetic worth of the animal or group of animals at the first and second times.
A further aspect of the invention provides a method for obtaining reproductive or regenerative material from an animal comprising evaluating the genetic worth of an animal by a method as described herein and obtaining a reproductive or regenerative material from the animal. A reproductive or regenerative material obtain by that method is also provided. Furthermore, a method for producing an animal comprising use of the reproductive or regenerative material is provided.
The invention further provides a computer executable code capable executing a method as described herein.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "comprising" and "comprises", is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 shows a mating analysis (purebred/crossbred) scheme utilising the predicted genotype of an animal identified to be mated. The scheme incorporates maternal genetic contribution to the predicted animal genotype for genetic, genomic or variation values and incorporates this into a predicted genotype picture. Additional information regarding the animal to be mated may be incorporated, including visual/phenotype data, actual animal genomic value, as well variation/consistency analysis to further enhance the animal to be analysed.
The predicted animal's composite is then compared to the variation in population of these traits as based on normal distribution of population average and standard deviation values. Potential mating sires that have identified Genetic, Genomic and Consistency/Variation values are then excluded if they reinforce non preferred genotype traits in comparison to the average and standard deviation limit values as identified in the population.
Figure 2 shows a genetic prediction analysis utilising the predicted genotype of a nominated high genetic merit animal identified to be mated. Potential mating sires that have identified genetic, genomic and consistency/variation values are incorporated into the maternal pedigree line of nominated elite genetic merit animals. A predicted genotype picture for genetic, genomic or variation outcome values is generated. Additional information may be incorporated, including visual/phenotype data, actual animal genomic value, as well variation/consistency analysis to further enhance the predicted animal genotype picture. The predicted animal's composite is then compared to the variation in population of these traits as based on normal distribution of population average and standard deviation values.
Identified genetic, genomic and consistency/variation values are highlighted and analysed if they reinforce non preferred genotype traits in comparison to the average and standard deviation limit values as identified in the population. Potential mating sires are potentially allocated to the elite animals if they compliment, in comparison to the average and standard deviation limit values as identified in the population.
Figure 3 shows a maternal line prediction analysis. This prediction scheme analyses the predicted genetic, genomic or variation values of an animals genotype and compares this to its actual genetic, genomic or variation values. This analysis is completed for the maternal pedigree of an animal. The identification of high difference to prediction animals within the pedigree reinforces superior and consistent genotypes from within the whole population. This identifies new genetic lines to develop and introduce into the population.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The preset invention is predicated at least in part on the inventors' finding that the ability to identify animals capable of passing on desirable or undesirable traits (i.e. having a high genetic worth or a low genetic worth respectively) is increased by emphasizing the maternal genetic contribution to the candidate breeding animal. Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the genetic worth of a candidate breeding animal, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining information on a trait of the male parent of the candidate breeding animal, obtaining information on the trait from at least one maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal, and analyzing the trait information to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal. This finding is contrary to prior art methods that emphasize the importance of paternal ancestors in predicting whether or not a breeding animal is likely to pass on a trait to a progeny animal.
The primary focus of genetic analysis has previously been on the male parent, due to its ability to genetically contribute to a high number of progeny. The lack of focus on the maternal line has been due to the reduced number of potential progeny that may be produced. Prior artisans have failed to appreciate the negative effects of emphasizing paternal line information at the expense of maternal line information. Furthermore, the potential contribution of maternal line analysis in the development of maternal lines that breed the next sire for progeny testing has not been appreciated. The present invention therefore also provides a method for producing a male animal for breeding, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of a female candidate breeding animal as described herein, and inseminating the female candidate breeding animal to produce the male animal for breeding. Applicant has demonstrated through data set analyses that the methods described herein provides a greater probability of producing "high positive difference to prediction" animals from maternal lines that exhibit the same characteristic of high positive difference to prediction. The value of animals possessing a high difference to prediction in a desirable trait is accepted in the field of animal breeding. These animals are characterized in their abilities to produce offspring with a statistically higher probability of exhibiting a positive trait such as milk protein content, bone quality, and fertility. It is proposed that breeding with animals having high differences between predicted genotype and actual trait within a pedigree provides or reinforces superior and/or consistent genotypes from within a whole population of animals. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the exclusion of animals having a high negative difference to prediction in a desirable trait from a breeding program, is likely to have an overall positive effect on a herd.
The method is capable of evaluating the "genetic worth" of a candidate breeding animal. In the context of the present invention this term means the worth of the animal as a source of genetic material for breeding. The method is not necessarily for the identification of high worth candidate breeding animals, but may also be used to identify moderate or low worth animals that could be excluded from a breeding program. The worth may relate to a certain production characteristic that is readily translatable to a monetary value, however it will be understood that the worth may be non-monetary. For example, the worth may be simply of an aesthetic nature.
The present methods require the selection of maternal ancestors, and obtaining trait information from those ancestors. As used herein, the term "ancestor" refers to an individual having a genetic contribution to the candidate animal under consideration. The term "ancestor" is thus a function of pedigree, the determination of which does not require prior knowledge of a particular trait or combination of traits present in the candidate animal. Genotype information for an ancestor may be incomplete as a consequence of poor record keeping and the absence of reproductive or regenerative material e.g., semen, from the ancestor to permit genotyping, such that missing genotypes of the ancestral population may be inferred to complete a genotype analysis. Ancestors in a pedigree may be overlapping, e.g., a sire and one of his sons, by virtue of contributing common reproductive or regenerative material to the current population notwithstanding any genes contributed independently by one or the other ancestor.
It is to be understood that the term "ancestor" also includes a founder animal. Founder information may be used in the method described herein where the known pedigree is incomplete and/or the genotypes of the ancestors are not known or able to be derived. By "founder" is meant an individual in a pedigree for which both parents are not known. The present invention has utility where genotypes of a founder population are used to infer the genotypes of animals however this is less preferred than using actual genotypes of the animals.
The present invention encompasses the performance of additional steps where informative data on the ancestors is not known. For example, ancestors may be characterized by obtaining and/or providing their genotypes e.g., for useful markers, a large number of useful markers or most markers using standard procedures for doing so. Genotypes can also be inferred from data on their relatives e.g., using statistical means such as MCMV modeling to predict missing values. In one example, the ancestors are characterized by providing and/or obtaining known genotypes and/or by inferring their genotypes.
In order to perform the present methods it is not necessary to obtain the trait information de novo. While in some forms of the method the information is obtained directly from the animal (or a product of the animal), it is anticipated that information obtained previously, or by another party, and stored in electronic or paper form may be used.
As used herein, the term "maternal ancestor" is intended to mean any ancestor on the maternal side of the pedigree of the candidate breeding animal, and includes a male or female maternal grand parent, male or female maternal great grand parent, male or female maternal great great grand parent, ad nauseum. It is to be understood that the present methods do not exclude a consideration of animals on the paternal side of the pedigree. For example, a paternal great grand father may be analyzed by comparing its' genetic worth to a maternal ancestry prediction.
While any number of ancestors may be used in the method, one embodiment provides that the number of ancestors is at least 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5. Typically, better performance is seen where a greater number of ancestors are used. In one embodiment, the method at least 3 ancestors are used. Furthermore, any number of generations may be used in the method. In one embodiment, the number of generations is 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5. Again, better performance is generally noted where a greater number of generations is used. In one embodiment of the method, 3 generations are used.
In one embodiment of the method the maternal ancestor is a male maternal ancestor of the candidate breeding animal including any one or more of the male maternal grant parent, the male maternal great grand parent, the male maternal great great grand parent, the male maternal great great great grandparent, and the male maternal great great great great grand parent. The skilled artisan understands that trait information from ancestors of even earlier generations may provide useful trait information in the context of the invention..
In another embodiment of the method the maternal ancestor(s) from which trait information is obtained and analyzed are one or more of the male maternal grant parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal, the male maternal great great great grandparent of the candidate breeding animal, and the male maternal great great great great grand parent of the candidate breeding animal. Any number of ancestors, and in addition any combination of ancestors mat be used in the present methods.
Improvements to the performance of the method may be obtained whereby trait information from the male parent of the candidate breeding animal is analyzed with that of a maternal ancestor.
In some forms of the invention in the step of analyzing the following weights are accorded to the trait information of the sire and maternal ancestors of the candidate breeding animal as follows: the male parent: about or exactly one half, the male maternal grant parent: about or exactly one quarter, the male maternal great grand parent: about or exactly one eighth, the male maternal great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixteenth, the male maternal great great great grandparent: about or exactly one thirty-second, the male maternal great great great great grand parent: about or exactly one sixty-fourth.
The skilled person will recognize the applicability of the present invention to many different types of animal. As use herein, the term "animal" is intended to include all members of the Kingdom Animalia. The skilled person understands that the methods are operable for any animal so long as a maternal ancestor may be identified (or even putatively identified), and that trait information is obtainable from the ancestor. The methods operate at least in part on the well accepted dogma that traits are passed from one generation to the next by way of DNA, the genetic material found in virtually all animal cells. This mode of trait transmission is implemented in all members of the Kingdom Animalia, and so broad applicability of the present methods may be presumed.
While generic terms such as "male parent" and "female parent" have been used in defining the methods herein, the skilled person will be capable of substituting more readily accepted terminology in their field of breeding. For example, in cattle breeding a male parent is a "sire", and a female parent a "dam", while in dog breeding the accepted terms are "sire" and "bitch".
It is anticipated that the present methods will be useful in identifying high positive difference to prediction animals i.e. animals that perform better than expected in respect of a certain trait, with the level of expectation based on the average performance of a group of cohort animals.
However, it will be readily appreciated that the methods may also be applied in maternal line analysis of animals that are negative to prediction, and maintain this negative to prediction status in the offspring produced. These animals are often identified as cull or terminal breed mating animals to be removed from the population being examined. The present methods may be used to exclude negative difference to prediction animals from a mating population.
In one embodiment, the trait information is phenotypic information. The phenotypic information will typically relate to the animal's fitness and well being, to be productive, or to have the ability to efficiently and effectively reproduce a productive offspring. The phenotypic information may also relate to the animal's productive output (such as form, composition, or presentation).
A class of particularly useful phenotypic trait information is that of performance data. As used herein, the term "performance data" is any data relating to an economically important trait in an animal, such as weight, body composition, fertility, energy efficiency, the ability to utilize certain feeds, muscling, growth rate, disease resistance, leg alignment, scrotal circumference, longevity and the like.
Phenotypic trait information may also relate to a product of the animal such as colostrum, milk, meat, or wool. In the case of milk, the phenotype may relate to a parameter selected from the group consisting of volume, protein composition and/or concentration, fat composition and/or concentration, growth factor composition and/or concentration, salt composition and/or concentration, or the consistency of any of these parameters over time.
In the case of meat, the phenotype may relate to a parameter selected from the group consisting of protein composition and/or percentage, fat composition and/or percentage, tenderness, or the consistency of any of these parameters over time.
Relevant to wool, fur or hair the phenotype may relate to a parameter selected from the group consisting of fibre diameter, strength or colour. As will be readily understood by the skilled artisan, the type(s) of performance data useful in the context of the method will vary according to the candidate breeding animal under consideration. For example, where the animal is a Holstein cow, the following phenotypic trait information may be relevant: ABV Cow Milk, ABV Cow Protein, ABV Cow Protein %, ABV Cow Fat, ABV Cow Fat %, Milking Speed, Temperament, Likeability, Fertility, Somatic Cell, Survival, Milk Protein, Protein %, Fat, Fat %, Udder Depth, Centre Ligament, Teat Placement, Rear Attachment Height, Fore Attachment, Rear Attachment Width, Teat Length, Teat, Length High, Pin Set High, Pin Set Low, Rear Set of Leg Straight, Rear Set of Leg Curved, Foot Angle, Foot Angle High, Pin Width, Pin Width High, Chest Width, Chest Width High, Body Depth, Body Depth High, Angularity, Angularity High, Muzzle Width, Rear Leg Rear View Out, Rear Leg Rear View Parallel, Calving Ease, Calving Ease Plus, Udder Texture, Bone Quality, Bone Quality High, Liveweight Low, Liveweight High, Stature Small, Stature Tall, Body Length, Body Length High, Loin Strength, Rump Length, Rump Length High.
Trait information relevant to beef cattle (actual measurement and EBV) includes Milking Ability, Birth Weight, 200 Day Growth, 400 Day Weight, 600 Day Weight, Mature Cow Liveweight, Weaning Liveweight, Yearling Liveweight, Gestation Length, Calving Ease, Scrotal Size, Carcase Weight, Eye Muscle Area, Rib and Rump Fat Depth, Intramuscular Fat, Retail Beef Yield %, Feed Conversion, and Disease & Parasite resistance.
Trait information suitable for sheep and goat breeding includes Fleece Weight, , Feed conversion, Fibre Diameter, Staple Strength, Feed Conversion, Disease & Parasite resistance.
Relevant to racing animals such as horses, greyhounds include race time and rank (hurdles, flat track, steeple chase, cross-country), monetary earnings (annual and per race) body conformation, physical traits desirable dressage traits age to puberty Mature Liveweight Weaning Liveweight Yearling Liveweight Gestation Length Litter size, fertility rates endurance/stamina parameters disease and parasite resistance
Performance data that is contemplated to be relevant to the breeding of fish includes spawning rate, egg (caviar) production & rate, reproduction rate, fingerlings produced, hatching rate, growth rate to market size, growth rate to maturity, liveweight at specified age, weight gain over specified time, body size, weight, length, metabolic rate, meat yield, dressing percentage, meat colour, meat odour, body colour, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, mortality rate, disease resistance, parasite resistance, economic return). Performance data exist for other animals of economic importance such as hogs (e.g. 21 day litter weight, number born alive, backfat, days to 230. Data used for swine include Terminal Sire Index (TSI), and Sow Productivity Index (SPI). Data useful in sheep breeding includes Birth/Rearing, Actual weights (adjusted for 60, 90, 120 days), No. Lambs Born, Units of lamb per lambing, Weight. Lamb Weaned, Units of Weight of lambs weaned, 60 day weight, 90 day weight, 120 day weight, Wool Grease Weight, and Pounds of grease fleece weight
The performance data includes known traits, and also traits that may be routinely used in the future such as methane production, grazing pattern analysis, grazing/feeding habit analysis, and oestrus activity.
Phenotype trait information may be captured by an automated or semi-automated system, including pressure sensor mats (gait analysis), infrared (mastitis, lameness/injury detection), gait analysis, image analysis (size, dimension, visual trait e.g. stature, bare area etc), sensor (animal detection, size, dimension analysis, flight time), weight (value and change versus production versus reproduction), pedometers (animal activity), feed conversion efficiency (individual feed management systems), in gate RFID systems.
The methods include the step of analyzing the trait information to provide a probability that the trait will be found in the offspring of the candidate breeding animal. As used herein, the term "analyzing" includes any qualitative, non-qualitative, quantitative, non-quantitative, comparative, non-comparative, statistical, non-statistical, numerical, or non-numerical consideration of the trait information for the purpose of providing a probability that the trait will be found in an offspring.
The term "probability" is intended to include an assessment or estimate of the likelihood or possibility that an offspring animal will exhibit the trait. The term is not intended to be restricted to a mathematical probability, but may also encompass a qualitative probability.
In one embodiment of the method, the step of analyzing includes the identification of high positive difference to prediction animals over one generation, or a number of generations. This repetition of high performance linkages to the animal analysed indicates a higher reliability of this indicator through a reduced possibility of selectively controlled production bias of all individual animals within the maternal pedigree. In one embodiment of the method, the step of analyzing is performed by the sire pathway method. Sire pathway is a reducing additive process of the individual sire traits, as genetically assessed by the productivity of their respective offspring within the population, relative to that population. As an exemplary demonstration for cattle, genetic prediction may be performed by adding half the sires genotype for the trait analyzed, plus a quarter of the maternal grand sire's genotyope value for the same trait, plus an eighth of the maternal great grand sires genotype value for the same trait. The sire pathway method ignores or places less emphasis on the actual dam's performance through the pedigree as this may be separately and selectively biased.
The analysis may include a consideration of breeding value. As used herein, the term "breeding value" is intended to mean the value of an individual animal as a genetic parent. The value may be related to the ability of the parent to transmit a desirable trait to a progeny animal, or the inability to transmit an undesirable trait to a progeny animal. The breeding value may be a genetic breeding value or a genomic breeding value. Breeding value is typically generated through the analysis of the expression of the genotype by an animal and/or its relative. Determination of the genomic breeding value involves the identification of key genes which provides a predictability of an animal's performance, or a prediction of an animal's ability to pass on these desirable genes to derived relatives. Breeding values may be used to develop optimal breeding strategies for review of herds and prediction of the outcome of a mating. It can also be used to develop benchmarks for comparisons between animals and groups of animals, or to access offspring performance and target focus genotypes.
The analysis step may include a consistency or variation analysis. In one form of the method, this analysis involves the analysis of the genotype/phenotype/genomic performance of a genetic line (related line) of animals. The genetic analysis of these animals may identify an average genetic merit value which is represented by a breeding value. Consistency/Variation analysis evaluates the variation around the average, with some genetic lines having a greater standard deviation or normal distribution around the average value, while other genetic lines have a narrow or more consistent variation around the average value. The analysis of the standard deviation levels provides a genetic "handle" on consistency requirements for different breeding purposes. E.g. more consistent lower standard deviation values are potentially desirable for maternal breeding strategies; a higher more variable standard deviation value represents the opportunity for a paternal genetic strategy - i.e. to generate an outlier as the next genetically superior sire. The method may be used to analyse multiple animals, including entire herds, to provide a profile of the population. The profile of the herd may be tracked, to decide whether it is "progressing" in a positive or negative direction genetically. Accordingly, a further aspect of the invention is directed to a method for monitoring the genetic progress of an animal or a group of animals, the method comprising the steps of evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method described herein at a first time, .and evaluating the genetic worth of the animal or each member of the group of animals by a method described herein at a second time, and comparing the genetic worth of the animal or group of animals at the first and second times.
It will be appreciated the methods described herein also provide means to select a breeding animal from a herd of animals. Typically, a breeder will have a finite number of animals from which to breed, and in choosing animals to parent the next generation of animals a decision is made at to which of those animals is better suited as compared with others in the population. Accordingly, the invention further provides a method for comparing the genetic worth of at least two animals, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of each of the at least two animals according to the methods described herein.
In many applications of the present method, candidate animals will be all those animals (or reproductive or regenerative material of those animals) that are available to the breeder for breeding. The number of candidate animals may be a few as two, or as many as hundreds, or even thousands. It will be appreciated that the group of candidate animals to which the present method is applied may include only a subset of available animals. For example, if a dairy farmer practices "split-calving" only about half of the dams will be candidate animals.
The candidate animals may not necessarily be owned by the breeder, but may otherwise be available to him or her for breeding purposes. Alternatively, a regenerative or reproductive material such as a spermatozoa or an ovum may be available to the breeder.
According to the present methods, trait information relating to a maternal ancestor of the candidate animal is obtained. This information may be any information useful in determining the genetic worth of an animal. In one embodiment of the method the trait information is genetic information. Many types of genetic information will find use in the present methods, such as those obtained by analysis of genetic markers e.g., alleles, haplotypes, haplogroups, loci, quantitative trait loci, or DNA polymorphisms, restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLPs), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs), indels, short tandem repeats (STRs). microsatellites and minisatellites, nucleotide base mutation (including a substitution, a deletion, addition), the presence or absence of a genetic marker..
Genotypic information may be provided by detecting one or more markers of interest (e.g. SNPs) in a sample from a candidate animal, and analysing the results obtained. The markers of interest may be identified using a high- throughput system comprising a solid support having bound nucleic acid molecules of different sequence. Each nucleic acid of different sequence comprises a polymorphic genetic marker that is potentially informative.
Suitable samples for providing genotypic information include a nucleic acid molecule (e.g., RNA or genomic DNA) Genetic testing of animals may be performed using a hair follicle, for example, isolated from the tail of an animal to be tested. Other examples of readily accessible samples include, for example, skin or a bodily fluid or an extract thereof or a fraction thereof. For example, a readily accessible bodily fluid includes, for example, whole blood, saliva, semen or urine. Exemplary whole blood fractions are selected from the group consisting of buffy-coat fraction obtainable by ethanol fractionation
The sample may be prepared on a solid matrix for histological analyses, or alternatively, in a suitable solution such as, for example, an extraction buffer or suspension buffer, and the present invention clearly extends to the testing of biological solutions thus prepared. However, in a preferred embodiment, the high-throughput system of the present invention is employed using samples in solution.
The presence or absence of informative genetic markers may be determined by reactivity of a nucleic acid molecule to a hybridization probe or PCR primer. The skilled artisan is aware that a suitable probe or primer i.e., one capable of specifically detecting a marker, will specifically hybridize to a region of the genome in genomic DNA from the individual being tested that comprises the marker. As used herein "selectively hybridizes" means that the polynucleotide used as a probe is used under conditions where a target polynucleotide is found to hybridize to the probe at a level significantly above background. The background hybridization may occur because of other polynucleotides present, for example, in genomic
DNA being screened. In this event, background implies a level of signal generated by interaction between the probe and non-specific DNA which is less than 10 fold, preferably less than 100 fold as intense as the specific interaction observed with the target DNA. The intensity of interaction are measured, for example, by radiolabelling the probe, e.g. with 32 P. As will be known to the skilled artisan a probe or primer comprises nucleic acid and may consist of synthetic oligonucleotides up to about 100-300 nucleotides in length and more preferably of about 50-100 nucleotides in length and still more preferably at least about 8-100 or 8-50 nucleotides in length. For example, locked nucleic acid (LNA) or protein-nucleic acid (PNA) probes or molecular beacons for the detection of one or more SNPs are generally at least about 8 to 12 nucleotides in length. Longer nucleic acid fragments up to several kilobases in length can also be used, e.g., derived from genomic DNA that has been sheared or digested with one or more restriction endonucleases. Alternatively, probes/primers can comprise RNA.
Preferred probes or primers for use in the present invention will be compatible with high- throughput systems. Exemplary probes and primers include locked nucleic acid (LNA) or protein-nucleic acid (PNA) probes or molecular beacons, preferably bound to a solid phase. For example, LNA or PNA probes bound to a solid support are used, wherein the probes each comprise an SNP and sufficient probes are bound to the solid support to span the genome of the species to which an individual being tested belongs. Specificity of probes or primers may depend upon the format of hybridization or amplification reaction employed for genotyping.
The sequence(s) of any particular probe(s) or primer(s) used in the method for the present invention will depend upon the marker to be detected. In this respect, the present invention may be generally applied to any marker for which a sequence is known.
Standard methods may be employed for designing probes and/or primers e.g., as described by Dveksler (Eds) (In: PCR Primer: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratories,
NY, 1995). Software packages are also publicly available for designing optimal probes and/or primers for a variety of assays, e.g., Primer 3 available from the Center for Genome
Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. Probes and/or primers are preferably assessed to determine those that do not form hairpins, self-prime, or form primer dimers (e.g. with another probe or primer used in a detection assay). Furthermore, a probe or primer (or the sequence thereof) is preferably assessed to determine the temperature at which it denatures from a target nucleic acid (i.e. the melting temperature of the probe or primer, or Tm). Methods of determining Tm are known in the art and described, for example, in Santa Lucia, Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 95: 1460-1465, 1995 or Bresslauer et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83: 3746-3750,1986. For LNA or PNA probes or molecular beacons, it is particularly preferred for the probe or molecular beacon to be at least about 8 to 12 nucleotides in length and more preferably, for the SNP to be positioned at approximately the centre of the probe, thereby facilitating selective hybridization and accurate detection.
For detecting one or more SNPs using an allele-specific PCR assay or a ligase chain reaction assay, the probe/primer is generally designed such that the 3' terminal nucleotide hybridizes to the site of the SNP. The 3' terminal nucleotide may be complementary to any of the nucleotides known to be present at the site of the SNP. When complementary nucleotides occur in both the probe/primer and at the site of the polymorphism, the 3' end of the probe or primer hybridizes completely to the marker of interest and facilitates, for example, PCR amplification or ligation to another nucleic acid. Accordingly, a probe or primer that completely hybridizes to the target nucleic acid produces a positive result in an assay.
For primer extension reactions, the probe/primer is generally designed such that it specifically hybridizes to a region adjacent to a specific nucleotide of interest, e.g., an SNP. While the specific hybridization of a probe or primer may be estimated by determining the degree of homology of the probe or primer to any nucleic acid using software, such as, for example, BLAST, the specificity of a probe or primer is generally determined empirically using methods known in the art.
Methods of producing/synthesizing probes and/or primers useful in the present invention are known in the art. For example, oligonucleotide synthesis is described, in Gait (Ed) (In: Oligonucleotide Synthesis: A Practical Approach, IRL Press, Oxford, 1984); LNA synthesis is described, for example, in Nielsen et al, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans., 1 : 3423, 1997; Singh and Wengel, Chem. Commun. 1247, 1998; and PNA synthesis is described, for example, in Egholm et al., Am. Chem. Soc, 1 14: 1895, 1992; Egholm et al, Nature, 365: 566, 1993; and Orum et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 21 : 5332, 1993.
Numerous methods are known in the art for determining the occurrence of a particular marker in a sample. A marker may be detected using a probe or primer that selectively hybridizes to said marker in a sample from an individual under moderate stringency, and preferably, high stringency conditions. If the probe or primer is detectably labeled with a suitable reporter molecule, e.g., a chemiluminescent label, fluorescent label, radiolabel, enzyme, hapten, or unique oligonucleotide sequence etc, then the hybridization may be detected directly by determining binding of reporter molecule. Alternatively, hybridized probe or primer may be detected by performing an amplification reaction such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or similar format, and detecting the amplified nucleic acid. Preferably, the probe or primer is bound to solid support e.g., in the high-throughput system of the present invention.
For the purposes of defining the level of stringency to be used in the hybridization, a low stringency is defined herein as hybridization and/or a wash step(s) carried out in 2- 6 x SSC buffer, 0.1 % (w/v) SDS at 28 °C, or equivalent conditions. A moderate stringency is defined herein as hybridization and/or a wash step(s) carried out in 0.2-2 x SSC buffer, 0.1% (w/v) SDS at a temperature in the range 45 °C to 65 °C, or equivalent conditions. A high stringency is defined herein as hybridization and/or a wash step(s) carried out in 0.1 x SSC buffer, 0.1% (w/v) SDS, or lower salt concentration, and at a temperature of at least 65 °C, or equivalent conditions. Reference herein to a particular level of stringency encompasses equivalent conditions using wash/hybridization solutions other than SSC known to those skilled in the art.
Generally, the stringency is increased by reducing the concentration of SSC buffer, and/or increasing the concentration of SDS and/or increasing the temperature of the hybridization and/or wash. Those skilled in the art will be aware that the conditions for hybridization and/or wash may vary depending upon the nature of the hybridization matrix used to support the sample DNA, or the type of hybridization probe used.
Progressively higher stringency conditions can also be employed wherein the stringency is increased stepwise from lower to higher stringency conditions. Exemplary progressive stringency conditions are as follows: 2 x SSC/0.1% SDS at about room temperature (hybridization conditions); 0.2 x SSC/0.1 % SDS at about room temperature (low stringency conditions); 0.2 x SSC/0.1 % SDS at about 420°C (moderate stringency conditions); and 0.1 x SSC at about 68 9 C (high stringency conditions). Washing may be carried out using only one of these conditions, e.g., high stringency conditions, or each of the conditions may be used, e.g., for 10-15 minutes each, in the order listed above, repeating any or all of the steps listed. However, as mentioned above, optimal conditions will vary, depending on the particular hybridization reaction involved, and may be determined empirically.
For example, a change in the sequence of a region of the genome or an expression product thereof, such as, for example, an insertion, a deletion, a transversion, a transition, is detected using a method, such as, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strand displacement amplification, ligase chain reaction, cycling probe technology or a DNA microarray chip amongst others. Methods of PCR are known in the art and described, for example, in Dieffenbach (ed) and Dveksler (ed) (In: PCR Primer: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratories, NY, 1995). Generally, for PCR two non-complementary nucleic acid primer molecules comprising at least about 15 nucleotides, more preferably at least 20 nucleotides in length are hybridized to different strands of a nucleic acid template molecule, and specific nucleic acid molecule copies of the template are amplified enzymatically. PCR products may be detected using electrophoresis and detection with a detectable marker that binds nucleic acids. Alternatively, one or more of the oligonucleotides is/are labeled with a detectable marker (e.g. a fluorophore) and the amplification product detected using, for example, a lightcycler (Perkin Elmer, Wellesley, MA, USA). Clearly, the present invention also encompasses quantitative forms of PCR, such as, for example, Taqman assays.
Strand displacement amplification (SDA) utilizes oligonucleotides, a DNA polymerase and a restriction endonuclease to amplify a target sequence. The oligonucleotides are hybridized to a target nucleic acid and the polymerase used to produce a copy of this region. The duplexes of copied nucleic acid and target nucleic acid are then nicked with an endonuclease that specifically recognizes a sequence at the beginning of the copied nucleic acid. The DNA polymerase recognizes the nicked DNA and produces another copy of the target region at the same time displacing the previously generated nucleic acid. The advantage of SDA is that it occurs in an isothermal format, thereby facilitating high-throughput automated analysis.
Ligase chain reaction (described, for example, in EP 320,308 and US 4,883,750) uses at least two oligonucleotides that bind to a target nucleic acid in such a way that they are adjacent. A ligase enzyme is then used to link the oligonucleotides. Using thermocycling the ligated oligonucleotides then become a target for further oligonucleotides. The ligated fragments are then detected, for example, using electrophoresis, or MALDI-TOF. Alternatively, or in addition, one or more of the probes is labeled with a detectable marker, thereby facilitating rapid detection.
Cycling Probe Technology uses chimeric synthetic probe that comprises DNA-RNA- DNA that is capable of hybridizing to a target sequence. Upon hybridization to a target sequence the RNA-DNA duplex formed is a target for RNase H thereby cleaving the probe. The cleaved probe is then detected using, for example, electrophoresis or MALDI-TOF.
Additional methods for detecting SNPs are known in the art, and reviewed, for example, in Landegren et al, Genome Research 8: 769-776, 1998). For example, an SNP that introduces or alters a sequence that is a recognition sequence for a restriction endonuclease is detected by digesting DNA with the endonuclease and detecting the fragment of interest using, for example, Southern blotting (described in Ausubel et al (In: Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. Wiley Interscience, ISBN 047 150338, 1987) and Sambrook et al (In: Molecular Cloning: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, New York, Third Edition 2001 )). Alternatively, a nucleic acid amplification method described supra, is used to amplify the region surrounding the SNP. The amplification product is then incubated with the endonuclease and any resulting fragments detected, for example, by electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF or PCR.
The direct analysis of the sequence of polymorphisms of the present invention may be accomplished using either the dideoxy chain termination method or the Maxam-Gilbert method (see Sambrook et al, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual (2nd Ed., CSHP, New York 1989); Zyskind et al, Recombinant DNA Laboratory Manual, (Acad. Press, 1988)). For example, a region of genomic DNA comprising one or more markers is amplified using an amplification reaction, e.g., PCR, and following purification of the amplification product, the amplified nucleic acid is used in a sequencing reaction to determine the sequence of one or both alleles at the site of an SNP of interest.
Alternatively, one or more SNPs is/are detected using single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP). SSCP relies upon the formation of secondary structures in nucleic acids and the sequence dependent nature of these secondary structures. In one form of this analysis, an amplification method, such as, for example, a method described supra, is used to amplify a nucleic acid that comprises an SNP. The amplified nucleic acids are then denatured, cooled and analyzed using, for example, non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, or liquid chromatography (e.g., HPLC or dHPLC). Regions that comprise different sequences form different secondary structures, and as a consequence migrate at different rates through, for example, a gel and/or a charged field. Clearly, a detectable marker may be incorporated into a probe/primer useful in SSCP analysis to facilitate rapid marker detection.
Alternatively, any nucleotide changes may be detected using, for example, mass spectrometry or capillary electrophoresis. For example, amplified products of a region of DNA comprising an SNP from a test sample are mixed with amplified products from an individual having a known genotype at the site of the SNP. The products are denatured and allowed to re-anneal. Those samples that comprise a different nucleotide at the position of the SNP will not completely anneal to a nucleic acid molecule from the control sample thereby changing the charge and/or conformation of the nucleic acid, when compared to a completely annealed nucleic acid. Such incorrect base pairing is detectable using, for example, mass spectrometry.
Allele-specific PCR (as described, for example, In Liu et al, Genome Research, 7: 389- 398, 1997) is also useful for determining the presence of one or other allele of an SNP. An oligonucleotide is designed, in which the most 3' base of the oligonucleotide hybridizes to a specific form of an SNP of interest (i.e., allele). During a PCR reaction, the 3' end of the oligonucleotide does not hybridize to a target sequence that does not comprise the particular form of the SNP detected. Accordingly, little or no PCR product is produced, indicating that a base other than that present in the oligonucleotide is present at the site of SNP in the sample. PCR products are then detected using, for example, gel or capillary electrophoresis or mass spectrometry.
Primer extension methods (described, for example, in Dieffenbach (ed) and Dveksler (ed) (In: PCR Primer: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratories, NY, 1995)) are also useful for the detection of an SNP. An oligonucleotide is used that hybridizes to the region of a nucleic acid adjacent to the SNP. This oligonucleotide is used in a primer extension protocol with a polymerase and a free nucleotide diphosphate that corresponds to either or any of the possible bases that occur at the site of the SNP. Preferably, the nucleotide-diphosphate is labeled with a detectable marker (e.g. a fluorophore). Following primer extension, unbound labeled nucleotide diphosphates are removed, e.g. using size exclusion chromatography or electrophoresis, or hydrolyzed, using for example, alkaline phosphatase, and the incorporation of the labeled nucleotide into the oligonucleotide is detected, indicating the base that is present at the site of the SNP. Alternatively, or in addition, as exemplified herein primer extension products are detected using mass spectrometry (e.g., MALDI-TOF).
The present invention extends to high-throughput forms of primer extension analysis, such as, for example, minisequencing (Sy Vamen et al, Genomics 9: 341 -342, 1995) wherein a probe or primer or multiple probes or primers is/are immobilized on a solid support (e.g. a glass slide), a sample comprising nucleic acid is brought into contact with the probe(s) or primer(s), a primer extension reaction is performed wherein each of the free nucleotide bases A, C, G, T is labeled with a different detectable marker and the presence or absence of one or more SNPs is determined by determining the detectable marker bound to each probe and/or primer. Fluorescently labeled locked nucleic acid (LNA) molecules or fluorescently labeled protein- nucleic acid (PNA) molecules are useful for the detection of SNPs (as described in Simeonov and Nikiforov, Nucleic Acids Research, 30(17): 1 -5, 2002). LNA and PNA molecules bind, with high affinity, to nucleic acid, in particular, DNA.
Flurophores (in particular, rhodomine or hexachlorofluorescein) conjugated to the LNA or PNA probe fluoresce at a significantly greater level upon hybridization of the probe to target nucleic acid compared to a probe that has not hybridized to a target nucleic acid. However, the level of increase of fluorescence is not enhanced to the same level when even a single nucleotide mismatch occurs. Accordingly, the degree of fluorescence detected in a sample is indicative of the presence of a mismatch between the LNA or PNA probe and the target nucleic acid, such as, in the presence of an SNP. Preferably, fluorescently labeled LNA or PNA technology is used to detect a single base change in a nucleic acid that has been previously amplified using, for example, an amplification method described supra.
As will be apparent to the skilled artisan, LNA or PNA detection technology is amenable to a high-throughput detection of one or more markers immobilizing an LNA or PNA probe to a solid support, as described in Oram et al, Clin. Chem. 45: 1898- 1905, 1999.
Similarly, Molecular Beacons are useful for detecting SNPs directly in a sample or in an amplified product (see, for example, Mhlang and Malmberg, Methods 25: 463-471 , 2001 ). Molecular beacons are single stranded nucleic acid molecules with a stem-and- loop structure. The loop structure is complementary to the region surrounding the SNP of interest. The stem structure is formed by annealing two "arms" complementary to each other on either side of the probe (loop). A fluorescent moiety is bound to one arm and a quenching moiety that suppresses any detectable fluorescence when the molecular beacon is not bound to a target sequence bound to the other arm. Upon binding of the loop region to its target nucleic acid the arms are separated and fluorescence is detectable. However, even a single base mismatch significantly alters the level of fluorescence detected in a sample. Accordingly, the presence or absence of a particular base at the site of an SNP is determined by the level of fluorescence detected.
The present invention encompasses other methods of detecting an SNP that is , such as, for example, SNP microarrays (available from Affymetrix, or described, for example, in US 6,468,743 or Hacia et al, Nature Genetics, 14: 441 , 1996), Taqman assays (as described in Livak et al, Nature Genetics, 9: 341 -342, 1995), solid phase minisequencing (as described in Syvamen et al, Genomics, 13: 1008-1017, 1992), minisequencing with FRET (as described in Chen and Kwok , Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 347-353, 1997) or pyrominisequencing (as reviewed in Landegren et al., Genome Res., 8(8): 769-776, 1998).
In those cases in which the polymorphism or marker occurs in a region of nucleic acid that encodes RNA, said polymorphism or marker is detected using a method such as, for example, RT-PCR, NASBA or TMA.
Methods of RT-PCR are known in the art and described, for example, in Dieffenbach (ed) and Dveksler (ed) (In: PCR Primer: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratories, NY, 1995).
Methods of TMA or self-sustained sequence replication (3SR) use two or more oligonucleotides that flank a target sequence, a RNA polymerase, RNase H and a reverse transcriptase. One oligonucleotide (that also comprises a RNA polymerase binding site) hybridizes to an RNA molecule that comprises the target sequence and the reverse transcriptase produces cDNA copy of this region. RNase H is used to digest the RNA in the RNA-DNA complex, and the second oligonucleotide used to produce a copy of the cDNA. The RNA polymerase is then used to produce a RNA copy of the cDNA, and the process repeated.
NASBA systems relies on the simultaneous activity of three enzymes (a reverse transcriptase, RNase H and RNA polymerase) to selectively amplify target mRNA sequences. The mRNA template is transcribed to cDNA by reverse transcription using an oligonucleotide that hybridizes to the target sequence and comprises a RNA polymerase binding site at its 5' end. The template RNA is digested with RNase H and double stranded DNA is synthesized. The RNA polymerase then produces multiple RNA copies of the cDNA and the process is repeated.
The hybridization to and/or amplification of a marker is detectable using, for example, electrophoresis and/or mass spectrometry. In this regard, one or more of the probes/primers and/or one or more of the nucleotides used in an amplification reactions may be labeled with a detectable marker to facilitate rapid detection of a marker, for example, a fluorescent label (e.g. Cy5 or Cy3) or a radioisotope (e.g. 32P).
Alternatively, amplification of a nucleic acid may be continuously monitored using a melting curve analysis method, such as that described in, for example, US 6,174,670. Such methods are suited to determining the level of an alternative splice form in a biological sample. Methods of the invention can identify nucleotide occurrences at SNPs using genome- wide sequencing or "microsequencing" methods. Whole-genome sequencing of individuals identifies all SNP genotypes in a single analysis. Microsequencing methods determine the identity of only a single nucleotide at a "predetermined" site. Such methods have particular utility in determining the presence and identity of polymorphisms in a target polynucleotide. Such microsequencing methods, as well as other methods for determining the nucleotide occurrence at SNP loci are discussed in Boyce-Jacino, et al, U.S. Pat. No. 6,294,336, incorporated herein by reference.
Microsequencing methods include the Genetic Bit Analysis method disclosed by Goelet, P. et al. (WO 92/15712, herein incorporated by reference). Additional, primer- guided, nucleotide incorporation procedures for assaying polymorphic sites in DNA have also been described (Komher et al, Nucl. Acids. Res. 17, 7779-7784, 1989; Sokolov, Nucl. Acids Res. 18, 3671 (1990); Syvanen et al, Genomics 8, 684-692, 1990; Kuppuswamy et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.) 88, 1 143-1 147, 1991 ; Prezant et al, Hum. Mutat. 1 , 159-164, 1992; Ugozzoli et al, GATA 9, 107-1 12, 1992; Nyren et al, Anal Biochem. 208, 171 -175, 1993; Wallace, WO89/10414; Mundy, U.S. Pat. No. 4,656,127; Cohen et al, French Pat. No. 2,650,840; WO91 /02087). In response to the difficulties encountered in employing gel electrophoresis to analyze sequences, alternative methods for microsequencing have been developed, e.g., Macevicz, U.S. Pat. No. 5,002,867 incorporated herein by reference. Boyce-Jacino et al, U.S. Pat. No. 6,294,336 provide a solid phase sequencing method for determining the sequence of nucleic acid molecules (either DNA or RNA) by utilizing a primer that selectively binds a polynucleotide target at a site wherein the SNP is the most 31 nucleotide selectively bound to the target. Oliphant et al, Suppl Biotechniques, June 2002, describe the use of BeadArray Technology to determine the nucleotide occurrence of an SNP. Alternatively, nucleotide occurrences for SNPs may be determined using a DNAMassARRAY system (Sequenom, San Diego, Calif.) is used, which system combines SpectroChips™, microfiuidics, nanodispensing, biochemistry, and MALDI- TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry).
Particularly useful methods include those that are readily adaptable to a high throughput format, to a multiplex format, or to both. High-throughput systems for analyzing markers, especially SNPs, can include, for example, a platform such as the UHT SNP-IT™ platform (Orchid Biosciences, Princeton, N.J., USA) MassArray™ system (Sequenom, San Diego, Calif., USA), the integrated SNP genotyping system (lllumina, San Diego, Calif, USA), TaqMan™ (ABI, Foster City, Calif, USA), Rolling circle amplification, fluorescent polarization, amongst others described herein above. In general, SNP-IT™ is a 3-step primer extension reaction. In the first step, a target polynucleotide is isolated from a sample by hybridization to a capture primer, which provides a first level of specificity. In a second step the capture primer is extended from a terminating nucleotide trisphosphate at the target SNP site, which provides a second level of specificity. In a third step, the extended nucleotide trisphosphate may be detected using a variety of known formats, including: direct fluorescence, indirect fluorescence, an indirect colorimetric assay, mass spectrometry, fluorescence polarization, etc. Reactions may be processed in 384 well format in an automated format using an SNPstream™ instrument (Orchid BioSciences, Inc., Princeton, N. J.).
Where it is necessary to obtain genetic trait information from a large number of animals, a high-throughput system will be useful. Such systems typically comprise a solid support having nucleic acids of different sequence bound directly or indirectly thereto, wherein each nucleic acid of different sequence comprises a polymorphic genetic marker.
Exemplary high-throughput systems are hybridization mediums e.g., a microfluidic device or homogenous assay medium. Numerous microfluidic devices are known that include solid supports with microchannels (See e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,304,487, 5,1 10,745, 5,681 ,484, and 5,593,838). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the high throughput system comprises an SNP chip comprising 10,000-100,000 oligonucleotides each of which consists of a sequence comprising an SNP. Each of these hybridization mediums is suitable for determining the presence or absence of a marker associated with a trait.
The nucleic acids are typically oligonucleotides, attached directly or indirectly to the solid support. Accordingly, the oligonucleotides are used to determine the nucleotide occurrence of a marker associated with a trait, by virtue of the hybridization of nucleic acid from the subject being tested to an oligonucleotide of a series of oligonucleotides bound to the solid support being affected by the nucleotide occurrence of the marker in question e.g., by the presence or absence of an SNP in the subject's nucleic acid. Accordingly, oligonucleotides may be selected that bind at or near a genomic location of each marker. Such oligonucleotides can include forward and reverse oligonucleotides that can support amplification of a particular polymorphic marker present in template nucleic acid obtained from the subject being tested.
Alternatively, or in addition, the oligonucleotides can include extension primer sequences that hybridize in proximity to a marker to thereby support extension to the marker for the purposes of identification. A suitable detection method will detect binding or tagging of the oligonucleotides e.g., in a genotyping method described herein. Techniques for producing immobilised arrays of DNA molecules have been described in the art. Generally, most methods describe how to synthesise single-stranded nucleic acid molecule arrays, using for example masking techniques to build up various permutations of sequences at the various discrete positions on the solid substrate. U.S. Patent No. 5,837,832, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, describes an improved method for producing DNA arrays immobilised to silicon substrates based on very large scale integration technology. In particular, U.S. Patent No. 5,837,832 describes a strategy called "tiling" to synthesize specific sets of probes at spatially-defined locations on a substrate which are used to produce the immobilised DNA array. U.S. Patent No. 5,837,832 also provides references for earlier techniques that may also be used.
DNA may be synthesised in situ on the surface of the substrate. However, DNA may also be printed directly onto the substrate using for example robotic devices equipped with either pins or piezo electric devices. Microarrays are generally produced stepwise, by the in situ synthesis of the target directly onto the support, or alternatively, by exogenous deposition of pre-prepared targets. Photolithography, mechanical microspotting, and ink jet technology are generally employed for producing microarrays.
In photolithography, a glass wafer, modified with photolabile protecting groups, is selectively activated e.g., for DNA synthesis, by shining light through a photomask. Repeated deprotection and coupling cycles enable the preparation of high-density oligonucleotide microarrays (see for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,305, issued Apr. 28, 1998).
Microspotting encompasses deposition technologies that enable automated microarray production, by printing small quantities of pre-made target substances onto solid surfaces. Printing is accomplished by direct surface contact between the printing substrate and a delivery mechanism, such as a pin or a capillary. Robotic control systems and multiplexed print heads allow automated microarray fabrication.
Ink jet technologies utilize piezoelectric and other forms of propulsion to transfer biochemical substances from miniature nozzles to solid surfaces. Using piezoelectricity, the target sample is expelled by passing an electric current through a piezoelectric crystal which expands to expel the sample. Piezoelectric propulsion technologies include continuous and drop-on- demand devices. In addition to piezoelectric ink jets, heat may be used to form and propel drops of fluid using bubble- jet or thermal ink jet heads; however, such thermal ink jets are typically not suitable for the transfer of biological materials due to the heat which is often stressful on biological samples. Examples of the use of ink jet technology include U.S. Pat. No. 5,658,802 (issued Aug. 19, 1997).
A plurality of nucleic acids is typically immobilised onto or in discrete regions of a solid substrate. The substrate is porous to allow immobilisation within the substrate, or substantially non-porous to permit surface immobilization.
The solid substrate may be made of any material to which polypeptides can bind, either directly or indirectly. Examples of suitable solid substrates include flat glass, silicon wafers, mica, ceramics and organic polymers such as plastics, including polystyrene and polymethacrylate. It is also possible to use semi-permeable membranes such as nitrocellulose or nylon membranes, which are widely available. The semi-permeable membranes are mounted on a more robust solid surface such as glass. The surfaces may optionally be coated with a layer of metal, such as gold, platinum or other transition metal.
Preferably, the solid substrate is generally a material having a rigid or semi-rigid surface. In preferred embodiments, at least one surface of the substrate will be substantially flat, although in some embodiments it are desirable to physically separate synthesis regions for different polymers with, for example, raised regions or etched trenches. It is also preferred that the solid substrate is suitable for the high density application of DNA sequences in discrete areas of typically from 50 to 100 μm, giving a density of 10,000 to 40,000 cm "2 .
Attachment of the nucleic acids to the substrate may be covalent or non-covalent, generally via a layer of molecules to which the nucleic acids bind. For example, the nucleic acid probes/primers may be labeled with biotin and the substrate coated with avidin and/or streptavidin. A convenient feature of using biotinylated probes/primers is that the efficiency of coupling to the solid substrate is determined easily.
A chemical interface may be provided between the solid substrate e.g., in the case of glass, and the probes/primers. Examples of suitable chemical interfaces include hexaethylene glycol, polylysine. For example, polylysine may be chemically modified using standard procedures to introduce an affinity ligand.
Other methods for attaching the probes/primers to the surface of a solid substrate include the use of coupling agents known in the art, e.g., as described in WO98/49557. The high-throughput system of the present invention is designed to determine nucleotide occurrences of one SNP or a series of SNPs. The systems can determine nucleotide occurrences of an entire genome- wide high-density SNP map.
High-throughput systems for analyzing markers, especially SNPs, can include, for example, a platform such as the UHT SNP-IT platform (Orchid Biosciences, Princeton, NJ. , USA) MassArray™ system (Sequenom, San Diego, Calif., USA), the integrated SNP genotyping system (lllumina, San Diego, Calif., USA), TaqMan™ (ABI, Foster City, Calif, USA). Exemplary nucleic acid arrays are of the type described in WO 95/1 1995. WO 95/1 1995 also describes sub-arrays optimized for detection of a variant form of a pre-characterized polymorphism. Such a sub-array contains probes designed to be complementary to a second reference sequence, which is an allelic variant of the first reference sequence. The inclusion of a second group (or further groups) may be particularly useful for analyzing short subsequences of a primary reference sequence in which multiple mutations are expected to occur within a short distance commensurate with the length of the probes (e.g., two or more mutations within 9 to 21 bases). More preferably, the high throughput system comprises a SNP microarray such as those available from Affymetrix or described, for example, in US 6,468,743 or Hacia et al, Nature Genetics, 14: 441 , 1996.
DNA arrays are typically read at the same time by charged coupled device (CCD) camera or confocal imaging system. Alternatively, the DNA array may be placed for detection in a suitable apparatus that can move in an x-y direction, such as a plate reader. In this way, the change in characteristics for each discrete position are measured automatically by computer controlled movement of the array to place each discrete element in turn in line with the detection means.
The detection means is capable of interrogating each position in the library array optically or electrically. Examples of suitable detection means include CCD cameras or confocal imaging systems.
The system can further include a detection mechanism for detecting binding the series of oligonucleotides to the series of SNPs. Such detection mechanisms are known in the art.
The high-throughput system of the present invention can include a reagent handling mechanism that may be used to apply a reagent, typically a liquid, to the solid support. The high-throughput system can also include a mechanism effective for moving a solid support and a detection mechanism.
While genetic trait information is not currently utilized to the same extent as phenotypic information, advances in genetics and high throughput screening methods as described above will facilitate its use. For example, pigmented wool is a major problem for specialist woolgrowers and one cause is a gene variant which is estimated to be carried by up to 15% of Merinos. Sheep that inherit a copy of the variant from both parents are born with black wool (about one in 200 lambs) while single copy carriers are born white. Classical geneticists had previously associated a region of the genome, generally known as 'Agouti', as responsible for coat colour variation in a number of mammals. However, a specific gene has been identified in sheep, known as the Agouti Signalling Protein Gene (ASIP). The problem in the sheep industry is that a recessive alternative of the ASIP gene may be carried by white sheep and cause black lambs when mated with another carrier sheep. The exact genetic differences at the ASIP position have been determined to allow a genetic test that can identify the carriers of the problem variant of the gene.
A step in the present method may require the assembly of trait information for all candidate animals and ancestors to provide a pedigree dataset. This step requires that separate items of information are brought together in physical or logical proximity, such that the information may be manipulated as a dataset according to the steps of the present method. For example, trait information for all candidate animals may be stored across a number of remote computers, yet all information being logically connected by way of local area network, or wide area network. The dataset may be in paper, electronic or any other form. It may be assembled manually or by computer- or machine-assisted means.
Once the dataset of trait information is assembled, the dataset is analyzed to provide a predicted genotype for all animals in the pedigree dataset. The prediction may be performed by the "sire pathway" method. The sire pathway method is a reducing additive process of the individual sires traits from the maternal pedigree (as genetically assessed by the productivity of their respective offspring within the total population, relative to the population). Therefore the genetic prediction for the respective female to be analysed is by adding half the sires genotype value for trait analysed, plus a quarter of the maternal grand sires genotype value for the same trait, plus an eighth of the maternal great grand sires genotype value for the same trait. The sire pathway method ignores the actual dam's performance through the pedigree as this may be separately and selectively biased. One embodiment of the method requires the generational identification of high positive difference to prediction animals over a number of generations. This repetition of high performance linkages to the animal analysed indicates a higher reliability of this indicator (through a reduced possibility of selectively controlled production bias of all individual animals within the maternal pedigree). According to the method, a candidate breeding animal may be ranked as having a higher genetic worth (as compared with another candidate animal) on the basis of a greater difference between the predicted genotype and the trait information.
The step of analyzing may require that the presence and/or absence of difference(s) between the candidate animals trait information and the predicted trait. The trait may be predicted according to a herd database, or an industry-wide database. The number of values compared is only limited by the genetic values that are available for the animal analysed, including the maternal pedigree, and the linkage to the genetic merit of the same traits that are available for the sires within the maternal pedigree.
The more relevant traits are those of higher economic value. A consideration of the heritability of these traits also adds to the importance, as reflected by the ability for each generation to influence a trait.
In one embodiment of the method the trait information is obtained from at least 1 generation of ancestors. In another embodiment of the method the trait information is obtained from at least 2 generations of ancestors. In a further embodiment of the method the trait information is obtained from at least 3 generations of ancestors. In another embodiment of the method the trait information is obtained from at least 4 generations of ancestors. A further embodiment of the method provides that the trait information is obtained from at least 5 generations of ancestors. In many circumstances, the accuracy of the genetic worth will be increased by the use of larger numbers of ancestors.
The present invention is useful in selecting both male and female animals for breeding, however, the invention is more applicable to female animal analysis. With further analysis in genomic analysis systems, the application of the invention to male animals will become more important. This is due to the reduced time line in generating actual or higher reliability of prediction of genetic performance, and the availability of these values to be compared to their genetic prediction.
In one form of the invention, the method is used in the context of a mating analysis.
Typically, the more highly ranked animals identified by the present methods are then subjected to a mating analysis against one or more potential mates. The present invention further provides a method for evaluating the suitability of a first animal to mate with a second animal, the method comprising the step of evaluating the genetic worth of the first animal by a method as described herein. The step of evaluating the genetic worth of the second animal may be further included in the method. The second animal may or may not be an animal from the group of candidate animals under analysis by the present method
Useful information may be identified for potential mating candidates by analyzing key traits and comparing their values against the average and standard deviation levels for these traits. In specific predictor matings, potential sires are screened prior to the genetic prediction analysis. Potential sires with a significantly positive trait (based on standard deviation based difference to average) are considered, but if they contain a significantly negative trait (based on standard deviation based difference to average), they are excluded from the analysis.
In one form of the mating analysis method, an exclusion step is included. According to this step in the method, if a genotype trait is identified for protection, any potential mating sire that is less than average for that trait is excluded. To the best of the Applicant's knowledge this approach has not been disclosed on or before the priority date of this application. The skilled person will understand that varying levels of exclusion (and therefore acceptance) may be applied, again based on the statistical application of average and standard deviation levels
Other mating methodologies may be predicated on identifying a suggested mating nomination in order to correct a weakness. The weakness identified in most mating packages may be based on visual, non genetic assessments. Visual assessment may be used with the mating methodologies described herein, as a secondary level of analysis in support of genotype prediction. It is proposed that the ability to exclude negative traits will find use in the breeding of companion animals, such as dogs. Many breeds have certain traits that can contribute to morbidity or even mortality in a dog. Such traits include anatomical defects such as hip dysplasia that can cause excessive wear of hip. Other undesirable traits include eye abnormalities, heart conditions, and deafness.
In one embodiment, the mating analysis utilises the predicted genotype of an animal identified to be mated. This may incorporate maternal genetic contribution to the predicted animal genotype for genetic, genomic or variation values and incorporates this into a predicted genotype picture. Additional information regarding the animal to be mated can also be incorporated, including visual/phenotype data, actual animal genomic value, as well variation/consistency analysis to further enhance the animal to be analysed. The predicted animal's composite is then compared to the variation in population of these traits as based on normal distribution of population average and standard deviation values.
In one form of the invention, the method utilizes the predicted genotype of a nominated high genetic merit animal identified to be mated. Potential mating sires that have identified genetic, genomic and consistency/variation values are incorporated into the maternal pedigree line of nominated elite genetic merit animals. A predicted genotype picture for genetic, genomic or variation outcome values is generated. Additional information may be incorporated, including visual/phenotype data, actual animal genomic value, as well variation/consistency analysis to further enhance the predicted animal genotype picture.
The predicted animal's composite may then be compared to the variation in population of these traits as based on normal distribution of population average and standard deviation values. Identified genetic, genomic and consistency/variation values are highlighted and analysed if they reinforce undesirable genotype traits in comparison to the average and standard deviation limit values as identified in the population. In this way, the likelihood that a progeny animal displays undesirable traits is lessened.
Potential mating sires are potentially allocated to the elite animals if they compliment, in comparison to the average and standard deviation limit values as identified in the population.
It is to be understood that any candidate animal or mating pair identified for breeding by the present methods does not necessarily assure the production of a progeny animal with a given phenotype. The aim of the present method is to increase the likelihood that a desirable progeny animal is produced, as compared to a situation where the method is not used.
In one embodiment of the method, outlier animals are introduced into the mating analysis. The use of outlier animals increases diversity and reduces problems of inbreeding. As used herein, the term "outlier animal" refers to an animal that has a maternal pedigree that is represented by animals with genetic breeding values at a defined standard deviation value different to their predicted values. These animals can occur through out the total population of animals with genetic values. Such animals are a useful genetic resource to breed diverse pedigree lines of offspring, that may be developed by breeding new progeny lines. These new progeny lines may be resourced as potential candidates for future genetic advancement through the new and diverse maternal and paternal lines that are developed. Animals with high negative to prediction outliers are a potential resource for gene discovery and reinforcement of genomic marker identification. The present invention also provides a method for obtaining a reproductive or regenerative material from an animal comprising evaluating the genetic worth of an animal by a method as described herein and obtaining the reproductive or regenerative material from the animal. Such materials include gametes (sperm or ovum), as well as somatic cells that may be used for cloning an animal. The reproductive or regenerative material so obtained may in turn be used for producing an animal. This encompasses traditional breeding approaches, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, embryo implantation, and transgenic approaches (e.g., using ES stem cells, pronuclei, sperm-mediated gene transfer, etc) known to the skilled artisan for the species to which the population belongs.
In a further example, the present invention also provides a process for producing genetic gain in a population comprising performing a method for the present invention according to any embodiment described herein; obtaining reproductive or regenerative material from a selected individual; and producing one or more individuals or one or more generations of individuals from the reproductive or regenerative material.
The present invention clearly extends to any individuals or generations of individuals produced by performing the process of the present invention. The skilled artisan will be aware that the genetic contribution of the reproductive or regenerative material may not be carried forward to all generations beyond an initial progeny generation. Accordingly, when generations of individuals beyond the initial progeny generation are produced from the reproductive or regenerative material, the present invention encompasses any individual of those generations to the extent that the individual contains in its genome a chromosome segment derived from the reproductive or regenerative material that would explain the expected genetic gain or actual genetic gain from the reproductive or regenerative material.
It is proposed that the present invention will be particularly useful for many animals of importance to human activity, including the fields of agriculture, transport and recreation, Exemplary animals include (but are not limited to) cattle (e.g., Holstein, Jersey, Friesan, Australian Red, Hereford, Poll Hereford, Brahman, Angus, Santa Gertrudis, Murray Grey, Charolais, Limousin, Brown Swiss, Bos Indicus, Droughtmaster, Brangus, Australian Milking Zebu, Ayrshire, Braford, lllawarra, Red Angus, Simmental, Zebu, Braunvieh, Danish Red, Aberdeen Angus), sheep (e.g., Meatlinc, Dorset, Rambouillet. Finnsheep, Merino, Corriedale, Polworth, Poll Dorset, Border Leicester, Romney, Southdown, Dorset Horn, White Face and Black Face Suffolk, Texel, Dorper, Damara, Coopworth, Finnsheep, East Friesian), pigs (e.g., ,, Chital pigs, Large White, Large Black, Tamworth, Duroc, Yorkshire, Landrace), goats (e.g. Boer Goat, Cashmere, Angora, Saanen, Anglo Nubian, British Alpine, Toggenburg, Australian Melaan, Australian All Brown), Deer (e.g. Fallow, Red, Sambar, Rusa), horses (e.g. Andalusian, Australian Stockhorse, Australian Pony, Australian Draught Horse, Australian Brumby, Arabian, Appaloosa, Clydesdale, Danish Warmblood, English Riding Pony, French Warmblood, German Warmblood, Hackney Horse, Hackney Pony, Irish Draught, Kosiosko Brumby, Lippizaner, Palamino, Palouse,Standardbred, Thoroughbred, Warmblood), alpaca, llama, camel, buffalo (e.g. Australian Swamp Buffalo, Riverine Buffalo), crocodile, emu, kangaroo, wallaby, ostrich, bee, poultry (e.g., Layers), fish (e.g. sea bream, black bream, sea bass, turbot, rainbow trout, snapper, brown trout, brook trout, ocean trout, carp, salmon, bluefin tuna, albacone tuna, tilapia, salmon, atlantic salmon, cod, pacific cod, flowery cod, grouper, mahi mahi, flounder, halibut, crayfish, sardine, pilchard, catfish, sturgeon, barramundi, largemouth bass, bluegill sunfish, redear sunfish, striped bass, fathead minnow, golden shiner, goldfish, pike, walleye, perch, yellow perch, silver perch, golden perch, beluga, anchovie, mackerel, kelah emas, kelah bara, kelah biru, tengas emas, cobia, murray cod, golden perch, eel tailed catfish, callop, redfin, orange roughie, as well as ornamental fish such as clown fish, Siamese fighting fish, gold fish, barb, red tailed shark, bala shark, catfish, rasbora, loach, danio, swordtail, angel fish, guppy, platy, molly, tetra, gourami, koi, discus, cichlids, koi), crustaceans (e.g. tropical prawn, tiger prawn, shrimp, mud-crab, king crab, abalone, crayfish, lobster, yabby, bugs, marron, redclaw, and abalone (is a mollusc?)
In one embodiment of the method, the candidate breeding animal is not a human animal.
It will be apparent from the description herein that the present invention provides for the storage of information produced by or used in performance of the invention in the form of one or more databases. Exemplary databases comprise data such as breeding values for one or more individuals of a population, data on ancestors (including founders) for individuals, including data on linkages between marker genotype(s) and phenotypes, data on reproductive or regenerative material, data on pedigree and phenotype e.g., obtained from one or more record(s) of pedigree and/or phenotype.
Preferably, a database of the present invention comprises information regarding the location and nucleotide occurrences of genetic markers e.g, SNPs for significant ancestors or breeding individuals in a population and, more preferably, information pertaining to genetic markers used in the high-throughput system of the present invention or data pertaining to sufficient markers to be representative of a genome of a population i.e., spanning the genome and comprising sufficient polymorphisms to be useful for genome-wide screening. The data may be arrayed in linkage groups, optionally according to a chromosome segment with which they are in linkage disequilibrium.
Information regarding genomic location of a marker may be provided for example by including sequence information of consecutive sequences surrounding a polymorphism, or by providing a position number for the polymorphism with respect to an available sequence entry, such as a Genbank sequence entry, or a sequence entry for a private database, or a commercially- licensed database of DNA sequences. The database can also include information regarding nucleotide occurrences of polymorphic markers.
A database of the present invention can include other information regarding markers or haplotypes, such as information regarding frequency of occurrence in a population.
A database may also contain records representing additional information about a marker, for example information identifying the genome in which a particular marker is found, or nucleotide occurrence frequency data, or characteristics of a library or clone or individual which generated the DNA sequence, or the relationship of the sequence surrounding a polymorphic marker to similar DNA sequences in other species.
A database of the present invention may be a flat file database or a relational database or an object-oriented database. The database may be internal i.e., a private database not accessible to external users, and typically maintained behind a firewall, by an enterprise. Alternatively, the database may be external i.e., accessible to external users by virtue of being located outside an internal database, and typically maintained by a different entity than an internal database.
A number of external public biological sequence databases, particularly SNP databases, are available and may be used with the current invention. For example, the dbSNP database available from the National Center for Biological Information (NCBI), part of the National Library of Medicine, USA may be used with the current invention to provide comparative genomic information to assist in identifying SNPs from a wide variety of different breeding populations.
In a further example, the database comprises a population of information that may be modified by users to include new information e.g., actual breeding values from artificial selection or breeding programs, newly-identified markers, haplotypes, traits, chromosome segments, and their associations. The population of information is typically included within a database, and may be identified using the methods of the current invention. For example, a population of information can include all of the SNPs and/or haplotypes of a genome-wide SNP map for a particular set of ancestors and/or individuals in a population having a small effective population size.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable medium for use in breeding comprising trait information useful as input data in the present methods and/or output data obtained from the present methods.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides software or a computer system capable of executing a method described herein and/or holding a database described herein.
A computer system of the present invention may comprise a database as described herein and a user interface capable of receiving entry of data e.g., for querying the database and displaying results of a database query. The interface may also permit population of one or more fields of data in the database where a user has authority to populate information. The interface may be a graphic user interface where entries and selections are made e.g., using a series of menus, dialog boxes, and/or selectable buttons. The interface typically takes a user through a series of screens beginning with a main menu. The user interface can include links to access additional information, including information from other external or internal databases.
A computer system of the present invention that processes input data and displays the results of a database query will typically comprise a processing unit that executes a computer program, such as, for example, a computer program comprising a computer- readable program code embodied on a computer-usable medium and present in a memory function connected to the processing unit. The memory function may be ROM or RAM. The computer program is typically read and executed by the processing unit. The computer-readable program code relates to a plurality of data files stored in a database.
For example, the computer program can also comprise a computer-readable program code for providing a user interface capable of allowing a user to input nucleotide occurrences of the series of SNPs, locating data corresponding to the entered query information, and displaying the data corresponding to the entered query. Data corresponding to the entered query information is typically located by querying a database as described above. In another example, the computer system and computer program are used to perform a method for the present invention, such as a method for estimating the genetic worth of an individual.
A computer system of the present invention may be a stand-alone computer, a conventional network system including a client/server environment and one or more database servers, and/or a handheld device. A number of conventional network systems, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), are known in the art. Additionally, client/server environments, database servers, and networks are well documented in the technical, trade, and patent literature. For example, the database server can run on an operating system such as UNIX, running a relational database management system, a World Wide Web application, and a World Wide Web Server. When the computer system is a handheld device it may be a personal digital assistant (PDA) or another type of handheld device, of which many are known.
In another aspect, the present invention provides computer executable code capable of performing the method as described herein. The code is typically stored in a computer- readable medium, the computer executable code adapted, when running on a computer system to execute the methods of the present invention and to direct a processing means to produce output signals that are representative for the relevance of a genetic worth.
The present invention will now be more fully described by reference to the following non- limiting Examples.
EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1 : Obtaining pedigree data of candidate breeding animal (dairy sire) A requirement of some aspects of the invention is the sire identification of the maternal line i.e., the sire of the animal of interest, her link to her dam and her dam's sire, and her link to her maternal grand dam and her maternal grand dams sire. This information is used to establish the animal's genetic profile.
Genetic breeding values are obtained from public information, with databases providing trait information for both the male and female population. The key identifiers enabling genetic data linkages to be associated and incorporated into the subsequent analysis. In this Example, trait information is obtained from the Australian Dairy Herd Improvement Orgnaizations (ADHIS Pty Ltd). This database uses a standard data interchange format, allowing for the downloading of significant quantities of trait data
This information is analysed according to the invention and mating, prediction, profile status and benchmarking strategies as demonstrated in the Examples 2 to 5 are applied. .
EXAMPLE 2: Mating analysis for dairy cattle. From the maternal line of the animals pedigree, sire, maternal grand sire and maternal great grand sire's breeding value information for each genetic trait was obtained from the ADHIS database. The predicted genotype was established for each female by adding half of her sires genetic breeding values (for all traits recorded), plus a quarter of the maternal grand sires genetic breeding values, plus an eighth of the maternal great grand sires genetic breeding value (see Fig 1 ).
Additionally, the individual female animal's actual breeding value for individual traits were also analysed.
The predicted genotype values for all traits (based on the reducing additive effect of contribution of the sire's genetic values in the maternal pedigree) were compared against the industry normal distribution values for each breeding value analysed.
A trait that is identified at a negative level relevant to the average value for that trait, based on a nominated standard deviation difference level, was itemised as a trait for genotype protection. The trait(s) compiled for protection were analysed either against a nominated list of bulls, or a resource list of potential bulls, for mating analysis.
An element of the genotype mating strategy is in "excluding" potential sires that would compound any identified genotype trait that requires genetic protection by the mating strategy. (I.e. the identification of sires that fail the screening process as their genotype weakness would add to the genotype weakness identified through the construction of the maternal genotype picture).
Additionally, visual appraisal of the animal's phenotype was incorporated (based on identifying a visual weakness in an animals observed phenotype level). This information was added to the genotype evaluation procedure. In conjunction with this analysis of examining the potential mating sires with the predicted genotype of each individual animal, any potential linkages between all elements of the paternal and maternal pedigree were analysed to establish and evaluate any inbreeding levels (or common parentage), so that this may be monitored and acceptable levels of relatedness may be controlled.
Additionally, any identified genetic recessives between potential mating sires and the pedigree of each animal were evaluated in order to exclude the potential of genetic recessives being brought together within the managed mating strategy.
The outcome is an analysis of the individual genotype of each animal, based on the maternal pedigree, the predicted genotype weaknesses of the whole group of animals analysed, and the nominated exclusion of potential sires against each individual animal's genotype and pedigree. This leaves either the remaining sires that have got through the screening process, or a resource of suggested sires that would not fail the exclusion process.
EXAMPLE 3: Genotype prediction
The present methods may be used in specialised mating situations whereby potential candidate sires are evaluated against a maternal pedigree to generate a predicted genotype picture for each sire/maternal line mating (see Fig 2). This is achieved by adding half a potential sires genetic breeding values (for all traits recorded), plus a quarter of the females sires genetic breeding values, plus an eighth of the maternal grand sires genetic breeding value, plus a sixteenth of the maternal great grand sires genetic breeding value.
Additionally, the individual female animal's actual breeding value for individual traits are also analysed. In the future, potential gene marker and genetic variation analysis data may be incorporated into the analysis
These predicted genotype values for all traits (based on the reducing additive effect of contribution of the potential sire's genetic values, and the genetic values of the maternal pedigree) are compared against the industry normal distribution values for each breeding value analysed.
A trait that is identified at a negative level relevant to the average value for that trait, based on a nominated standard deviation difference level, is itemised as a trait for genotype protection. Value-based genetic decisions are then made considering inbreeding levels and identified negative traits against the population reference values.
EXAMPLE 4: Genetic profile analysis The same predictive methodologies are utilised as in the genetic mating and genetic prediction process. The sire, maternal grand sire and maternal great grand sire's breeding value information were obtained for the genetic traits for the animal to be evaluated.
The predicted genotype is established for each female by adding half of her sires genetic breeding values (for all trait values in common), plus a quarter of the maternal grand sires genetic breeding values, plus an eighth of the maternal great grand sires genetic breeding value (see Fig. 3)
This value is then compared against the female's actual genetic value and identify the difference in value (i.e. the difference to prediction). The same methodology was also applied to the female's dam and great grand dam to identify animals that demonstrate high levels of difference to prediction. These values may be extremely high, or even growing in magnitude. In contrast, some values may be consistently low, or even decreasing.
The identification of animals within a total population that exhibit high or growing levels of difference to prediction, identify profile or focus maternal lines that may be used for optimised mating strategies for the introduction of new maternal blood lines.
EXAMPLE 5: Genetic benchmarking analysis Genetic benchmarking is achieved by analysing individual and population sub groups against the total population for key performance genetic traits.
Genetic progress weights the average breeding value for a production trait within a sub population against the population average (or benchmark) for the same trait, as identified by the progress analysis of the whole population. Year of birth is the key reference point for comparison. This identifies the rate of progress for the specified trait against the rate of progress of the whole population.
Genetic progress predictions weights the number of offspring relative to the genetic merit of their sires as a reflection of influence of the sire groups average genetic merit and the potential for genetic progress of this sire groups progeny. Year of birth is the key reference point for comparison. Genetic merit versus profitability examines a full productive year of a group of animals. The animals are ordered in their genetic merit value, and then sub grouped into five equal groups, ranging from the bottom 0% to 20 % group, 21 % to 40% group, 41% to 60% group, 61 % to 80% group and 81% to 100% group.
Each animal's actual production performance relative to their genetic merit groups is calculated based on the current economic values for the production components analysed. A benchmark reference is then established based of the analysis of the 5 genetic merit groups, and the financial return and profitability benchmark achieved from each group.
Genetic survival benchmarking is achieved by analysing the terminated animals within a sub population data set, based on both grouping their productive index during their first year of production, or grouping the genetic merit levels (evaluated by the sire pathways as described herein) of animals by year of birth, and comparing the total number of days producing i.e. a calculation of total number of days that the animal was producing within the sub population data set, prior to termination from the sub population data set.
The terminated animal sub set is ordered into their productive index or genetic merit values, and then sub grouped into five equal groups, ranging from the bottom 0% to 20 % group, 21 % to 40% group, 41% to 60% group, 61% to 80% group and 81% to 100% group. Year of birth is the key reference point for comparison.
A genetic trend analysis calculates a weighted average (weighted daughter number by sire) for sire genetic traits that are not calculated for the sub population offspring. Key traits are then averaged (weighted) by year of birth and trends for these sire based genetic values are referenced and benchmarked against the average and standard deviation values of all sires for that trait.
EXAMPLE 6: Mating Analysis
Examples 6 to 10 disclose exemplary SQL code for the execution of certain embodiments of the invention.
6.1 Sire Analysis Preparation This code is the key analysis section of defining the paternal genetic merit levels against the whole population genetic and standard deviation values. This specifies the key criteria for analysis of each sire against the genotype picture of the maternal lines being analysed.
(Ref : 10aDairy Select Bull Picture)
INSERT INTO [Dairy Select Bull Picture] ( [National ID], [Primary ID], [Secondary ID], [Breed Code], Name, [Date of Birth], [Year of Birth], [Sire Secondary ID], [MGS Secondary ID], [Nasis User Field], [Defect Code 1], [Defect Code 2], [Defect Code 3], [Proof Origin], [Predict Production], [Predict Type], [Predict Workability], [Predict Survival], [Predict Calving Ease], PredictSomaticCell, PredictLiveweight, PredictFertility, [ABV Proof], [ABV Milk], [ABV Fat], [ABV Fat Percent], [ABV Protein], [ABV Protein Percent], [ABV Reliability], [ABV Milking Speed], [ABV Temperament], [ABV Likeability], [ABV Survival], [ABV for Calving Ease], ABVSomaticCell, ABVLiveweight, ABVFertility, [Effective Daughters], [Protein+Fat], [Australian Selection Index], [Pop Index], TPI, LPI, [Udder Stress], [Money Traits],
Survivallndex, [Angularity >0sd], [Angularity <1 sd], [Body Depth >0sd], [Body Depth <1 sd], [Chest Width >0sd], [Chest Width <1 sd], [Pin Width >0sd], [Pin Width <1 sd], [Pin Set Description >0sdL], [Pin Set Low Osd], [Pin Set Description <0sdH], [Pin set High Osd], [Foot Angle >0sd], [Foot Angle <1 sd], [Rear Set of Leg >0sdC], [Rear Set of Leg Curved Osd], [Rear Set of Leg <0sdS], [Rear Set of Leg Straight Osd], [Rear Set Rear View >0sdP], [Rear Set Rear View <0sdO], [Udder Depth >0sd], [Fore Attachment >0sd], [Rear Attachment Height >0sd], [Rear Attachment Width >0sd], [Centre Ligament >0sd], [Teat Placement >0sd], [Teat Length >0sd], [Teat Length <1 sd], [ABV Miking Speed >0sd], [ABVTemperament >0sd], [ABV Likeability >0sd], [ABV Survival >0sd], [ABV for Calving Ease >0sd], [SomaticCell>0sd], [Liveweight>0sd], [LiveweightHigh>Osd], [LiveweightLow<0sd], [ABVSurvivallndex >0sd], [UdderTexture>Osd], [BoneQuality>Osd], [BoneQuality<1 sd], [MuzzleWidth>0sd], [BodyLength>Osd], [BodyLength<1 sd], [LoinStrength>Osd], [RumpLength>Osd], [RumpLength<1 sd], [Stature>Osd], [StatureHigh>Osd], [StatureLow>Osd], [Milk>0sd], [Protein>Osd], [ProteinPercent>Osd], [Fat>0sd], [FatPercent>Osd], [Fertility>Osd], [Angularity >1 sd], [Angularity <0sd], [Body Depth >1 sd], [Body Depth <0sd], [Chest Width >1 sd], [Chest Width <0sd], [Pin Width >1 sd], [Pin Width <0sd], [Pin Set Description >1 sdL], [Pin Set Low 1 sd], [Pin Set Description <1 sdH], [Pin set High 1 sd], [Foot Angle >1 sd], [Foot Angle <0sd], [Rear Set of Leg >1 sdC], [Rear Set of Leg Curved 1 sd], [Rear Set of Leg <1 sdS], [Rear Set of Leg Straight 1 sd], [Rear Set Rear View >1 sdP], [Rear Set Rear View <1 sdO], [Udder Depth >1 sd], [Fore Attachment >1 sd], [Rear Attachment Height >1 sd], [Rear Attachment Width >1 sd], [Centre Ligament >1 sd], [Teat Placement >1 sd], [Teat Length >1 sd], [Teat Length <0sd], [ABV Miking Speed >1 sd], [ABVTemperament >1 sd], [ABV Likeability >1 sd], [ABV Survival >1 sd], [ABV for Calving Ease >1 sd], [SomaticCell>1 sd], [Liveweight>1 sd], [LiveweightHigh>1 sd], [LiveweightLow<1 sd], [ABVSurvivallndex >1 sd], [UdderTexture>1 sd], [BoneQuality>1 sd], [BoneQuality<Osd], [MuzzleWidth>1 sd], [BodyLength>1 sd], [Bodyl_ength<Osd], [LoinStrength>1 sd], [RumpLength>1 sd], [RumpLength<Osd], [Stature>1 sd], [StatureHigh>1 sd], [StatureLow>1 sd], [Milk>1 sd], [Protein>1 sd], [ProteinPercent>1 sd], [Fat>1 sd], [FatPercent>1 sd], [Fertility>1 sd] ) SELECT DISTINCTROW [Bull Interpret]. [National ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Primary ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Breed Code], [Bull Interpret]. Name, [Bull Interpret]. [Date of Birth], [Bull Interpret]. [Year of Birth], [Bull Interpret]. [Sire Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. [MGS Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Nasis User Field], [Bull lnterpret].[Defect Code 1 ], [Bull Interpret]. [Defect Code 2], [Bull Interpret]. [Defect Code 3], [Bull Interpret]. [Proof Origin], [Bull Interpret]. [Predict Production], [Bull Interpret]. [Predict Type], [Bull Interpret]. [Predict Workability], [Bull Interpret]. [Predict Survival], [Bull Interpret]. [Predict Calving Ease], [Bull Interpret]. PredictSomaticCell, [Bull Interpret]. PredictLiveweight, [Bull lnterpret].PredictFertility, llf([Proof Origin]="Australia",Yes,No) AS [ABV Proof], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Milk], [Bull Interpret]. [AB V Fat], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Fat Percent], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Protein], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Protein Percent], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Reliability], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Milking Speed], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Temperament], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Likeability], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Survival], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV for Calving Ease], [Bull lnterpret].ABVSomaticCell, [Bull lnterpret].ABVLiveWeight, [Bull lnterpret].ABVFertility, [Bull lnterpret].[Effective Daughters], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]+[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein] AS [Protein + Fat], [Bull lnterpret].ASI, ((8 * [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein])+(4 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]))-(0.1 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV MiIk]) AS [Pop Index], [Bull lnterpret].APR, (((9 * [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Protein])+(2 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]/[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Fat]) * 6)+((5 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Mammary System]/[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Mammary System SD])+([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Pin Set SD])+([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Foot Angle]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Foot Angle SD])+([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Rear Set of Leg SD])+([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Body Depth SD])+([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Overall Type]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Overall Type SD]) * 4) * 7) AS LPI, ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milk]/[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milk])+([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Mammary System]/[ Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Mammary System SD]) AS [Udder Stress], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Protein] AS [Money Traits], (0.25 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Survival])+(0.38 * [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Likeability]+1.34 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Overall Type]+2.3 * [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Udder Depth]+1.66 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]) AS Survivallndex, llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Angularity]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Angularity]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity]) AS [Angularity >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Angularity]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Angularity]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity SD]))) AS [Angularity <1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Depth]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth]) AS [Body Depth >Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Depth]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth SD]))) AS [Body Depth <1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width]) AS [Chest Width >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Chest Width]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]<([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width SD]))) AS [Chest Width <1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width]) AS [Pin Width >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Width]<([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Width]<([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width SD]))) AS [Pin Width <1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]) AS [Pin Set Description >0sdl_], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]) AS [Pin Set Low Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]) AS [Pin Set Description <0sdH], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]) AS [Pin set High Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle]) AS [Foot Angle >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Foot Angle]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle SD]))) AS [Foot Angle <1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]) AS [Rear Set of Leg >0sdC], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]) AS [Rear Set of Leg Curved Osd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg SD]))) AS [Rear Set of Leg <0sdS], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]) AS [Rear Set of Leg Straight Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set Rear View]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear View]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View]) AS [Rear Set Rear View >0sdP], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set Rear View]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear View]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View SD]))) AS [Rear Set Rear View <0sdO], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Depth]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Depth]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Udder Depth]) AS [Udder Depth >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fore Attachment]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fore Attachment]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Fore Attachment]) AS [Fore Attachment >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Height]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Height]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Height]) AS [Rear Attachment Height >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Attachment Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Attachment Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Width]) AS [Rear Attachment Width >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Centre Ligament]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Centre Ligament]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Centre Ligament]) AS [Centre Ligament >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Placement]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Placement]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Placement]) AS [Teat Placement >0sd], I If ([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length]) AS [Teat Length >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length SD]))) AS [Teat Length <1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milking Speed]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Milking Speed]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Milking Speed]) AS [ABV Miking Speed >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Temperament]) AS [ABVTemperament >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Likeability]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Likeability]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Likeability]) AS [ABV Likeability >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Survival]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Survival]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Survival]) AS [ABV Survival >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV for Calving Ease]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease SD]), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV for Calving Ease]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Calving Ease SD])) AS [ABV for Calving Ease >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell],[Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSomaticCell]) AS [ABVSomaticCell >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight],[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweight]) AS [ABVLiveweight >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(1 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweightSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweight]+(1 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweightSD]))) AS [ABVLiveweight High>0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweightSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweightSD]))) AS [ABVLiveweightLow >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![Survivallndex]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex],[Bull lnterpret]![Survivallndex]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSurvivallndex]) AS [ABVSurvivallndex >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Udder Texture]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Udder Texture]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Udder Texture]) AS [UdderTexture >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone Quality]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone Quality]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality]) AS [BoneQuality >Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone
Quality]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone Quality]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality SD]))) AS [BoneQuality <1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Muzzle Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Muzzle Width]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Muzzle Width]) AS [MuzzleWidth >Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length]) AS [BodyLength >Osd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length SD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length SD]))) AS [BodyLength <1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Loin Strength]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Loin Strength]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Loin Strength]) AS [LoinStrength >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length]) AS [RumpLength >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rump Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length SD]))) AS [RumpLength <1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]) AS [Stature >0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]) AS [StatureHigh >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Stature]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]) AS [StatureLow >0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milk]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV MiIk] 3 [BuII Interpret] ![ABV Milk]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV MiIk]) AS [Milk>0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Protein],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Protein]) AS [Protein>Osd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein Percent]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVProteinPercent],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein Percent]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVProteinPercent]) AS [ProteinPercent>Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fat],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]>[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Fat]) AS [Fat>0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed
Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fat Percent]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFatPercent],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fat Percent]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVFatPercent]) AS [FatPercent>Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVFertility]>[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility],[Bull lnterpret]![ABVFertility]>[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVFertility]) AS [Fertility>Osd], I If ([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Angularity]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity SD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Angularity]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity SD]))) AS [Angularity >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Angularity]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Angularity]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Angularity]) AS [Angularity <0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth SD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth SD]))) AS [Body Depth >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Depth]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body
Depth], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Depth]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Depth]) AS [Body Depth <0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Chest Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width SD]))) AS [Chest Width >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Chest Width]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Chest Width]) AS [Chest Width <0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width SD]))) AS [Pin Width >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Width]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Width]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Width]) AS [Pin Width <0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set SD]), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set SD])) AS [Pin Set Description >1 sdl_], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set SD]))) AS [Pin Set Low 1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Pin Set]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set SD]),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set SD])) AS [Pin Set Description <1 sdH], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Pin Set SD]))) AS [Pin set High 1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle SD]))) AS [Foot Angle >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Foot Angle]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Foot Angle]) AS [Foot Angle <0sd], I If ([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg SD]))) AS [Rear Set of Leg >1 sdC], I If ([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg SD]))) AS [Rear Set of Leg Curved 1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]) AS [Rear Set of Leg <1 sdS], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set of Leg SD]))) AS [Rear Set of Leg Straight 1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed
Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear View]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set Rear View]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View SD]))) AS [Rear Set Rear View >1 sdP], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear
View]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear View]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Set Rear View]) AS [Rear Set Rear View <1 sdO], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Depth]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth SD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Udder Depth]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Udder Depth]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]IOABV Udder Depth SD]))) AS [Udder Depth >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fore Attachment]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fore Attachment]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Fore Attachment]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Fore Attachment SD]))) AS [Fore Attachment >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Height]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height
SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Height]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Height]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Height SD]))) AS [Rear Attachment Height >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rear Attachment Width SD]))) AS [Rear Attachment Width >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Centre Ligament]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Centre Ligament]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Centre
Ligament]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Centre Ligament SD]))) AS [Centre Ligament >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Placement]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Placement]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Placement]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Placement SD]))) AS [Teat Placement >1 sd], I If ([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length SD]))) AS [Teat Length >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat
Length], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Teat Length]) AS [Teat Length <0sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milking Speed]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Milking Speed]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Milking Speed]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Milking Speed SD]))) AS [ABV Miking Speed >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Temperament]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Temperament SD]))) AS [ABVTemperament >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Likeability]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Likeability]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV
Likeability]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Likeability SD]))) AS [ABV Likeability >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Survival]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Survival]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Survival]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Survival SD]))) AS [ABV Survival >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV for Calving Ease]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV for Calving Ease]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Calving Ease]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Calving Ease SD]))) AS [ABV for Calving Ease >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]>=([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCellSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]>=([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSomaticCell]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSomaticCellSD]))) AS [ABVSomaticCell >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]>([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweightSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]>([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweightSD]))) AS [ABVLiveweight >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweightSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweight]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVLiveweightSD]))) AS [ABVLiveweight High>1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight],[Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]<=[Update Aust Type SD] ![J ABVLiveweight]) AS [ABVLiveweightLow >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![Survivallndex]>([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex]+[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndexSD]),[Bull lnterpret]![Survivallndex]>([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSurvivallndex]+[Update Aust Type SD]![JABVSurvivallndexSD])) AS [ABVSurvivallndex >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Texture]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture SD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Texture]>([Update Aust Type SD]![jABV Udder Texture]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Udder Texture SD]))) AS [UdderTexture >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Bone Quality]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Bone Quality]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality SD]))) AS [BoneQuality >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone Quality]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality],[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Bone Quality]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Bone Quality]) AS [BoneQuality <Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Muzzle Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Muzzle Width]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Muzzle Width]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Muzzle Width SD]))) AS [MuzzleWidth >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length SD]), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length SD])) AS [BodyLength >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length], [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Body Length]) AS [BodyLength <Osd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Loin Strength]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Loin Strength]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Loin Strength]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Loin Strength SD]))) AS [LoinStrength >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rump Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length SD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rump Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length SD]))) AS [RumpLength >1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length],[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]<=[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Rump Length]) AS [RumpLength <0sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Stature]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Stature]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature SD]))) AS [Stature >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature SD]),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]+[Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature SD])) AS [StatureHigh >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature SD])), [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Length]<=([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature]-(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Stature SD]))) AS [StatureLow >1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milk]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milk]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV MiIkSD])), [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Milk]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Milk]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV MiIkSD]))) AS [Milk>1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Protein]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Protein]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV ProteinSD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Protein]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Protein]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV ProteinSD]))) AS [Protein>1 sd], llf([Bull lnterpret]![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein Percent]>([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVProteinPercent]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVProteinPercentSD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein Percent]>([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVProteinPercent]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVProteinPercentSD]))) AS [ProteinPercent>1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fat]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fat]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV FatSD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat]>([Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV Fat]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]I[JABV FatSD]))) AS [Fat>1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fat Percent]>([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFatPercent]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFatPercentSD])),[Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat Percent]>([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVFatPercent]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type
SD]![JABVFatPercentSD]))) AS [FatPercent>1 sd], llf([Bull Interpret] ![Breed Code]="FF",[Bull lnterpret]![ABVFertility]>([Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertilitySD])),[Bull lnterpret]![ABVFertility]>([Update Aust Type SD]![JABVFertility]+(0.5 * [Update Aust Type SD]![JABVFertilitySD]))) AS [Fertility>1 sd] FROM [Bull Interpret], [Update Aust Type SD];
6.2 Cow Genotype Preparation
This code is the key analysis section of generating the cow's genotype picture by applying the reducing additive effect of the contribution of each sires genetic values in the maternal pedigree.
(Ref: I OaDairy Select Bull Picture)
UPDATE DISTINCTROW [Update Aust Type SD], (([Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret] INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [NomCow Sire National ID] = [Bull Interpret]. [National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull InterpreM ] ON [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [NomCow MGS National ID] = [Bull InterpreM ].[National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_2] ON [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [NomCow MGGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_2]. [National ID] SET [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Milking Speed] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Milking Speed]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed])/2)+(([Bull InterpreM ]![ABV Milking Speed]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Milking Speed]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [AB V Temperament] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Likeability] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Likeability])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Survival] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Survival]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Survival])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV for Calving Ease] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV for
Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Calving Ease])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].ABVSomaticCell = [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].ABVLiveweight = [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].ABVFertility = [Update Aust Type SD] ![AB VFertility]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].ABVSurvivallndex = [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex]+(([Bull lnterpret]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Overall Type] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Overall Type]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Overall Type]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Overall Type])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Overall Type]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Overall Type])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Overall Type]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Overall Type])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Mammary System] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Mammary System]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Mammary System]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Mammary System])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Mammary System]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Mammary System])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Mammary System]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Mammary System])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Stature] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Stature]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Stature]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Stature]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Stature])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Udder Texture] =
[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Texture]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Udder Texture]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Udder Texture]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Texture])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Bone Quality] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Bone Quality]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Bone Quality]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Bone Quality]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Bone Quality])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Angularity] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV AngularityHUpdate Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Angularity]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Angularity]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Angularity])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Muzzle Width] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Muzzle Width]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Muzzle Width]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Muzzle Width]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Muzzle Width])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Body Length] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Body Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Body Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Length])/8), [Cow
Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Body Depth] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Depth]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Body Depth]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Body Depth]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Body Depth])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Chest Width] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Chest Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Chest Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Chest Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Chest Width])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Rump Length] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rump Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Rump Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rump Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rump Length])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Pin Width] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Pin Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Pin Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Width])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Pin Set] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Pin Set]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Pin Set]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Pin Set])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Foot Angle] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Foot Angle]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Foot Angle]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Foot Angle]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Foot Angle])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Rear Set of Leg] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set of Leg]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Set of Leg]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set of Leg])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Rear Leg Rear View] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Set Rear View]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Rear Set Rear View]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Set Rear View]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Set Rear View])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Udder Depth] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Depth]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Udder Depth]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Udder Depth]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Udder Depth])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull
Interpret]. [ABV Fore Attachment] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fore Attachment]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Fore Attachment]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Fore Attachment]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Fore Attachment])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [AB V Rear Attachment Height] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Height]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Rear Attachment Height]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Attachment Height]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Height])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Rear Attachment Width] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Rear Attachment Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Attachment Width]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Rear Attachment Width])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [ABV Centre Ligament] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Centre Ligament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Centre Ligament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Centre Ligament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Centre Ligament])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [AB V Teat Placement] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Teat Placement]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Teat Placement]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Teat Placement]- [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Placement])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].[ABV Teat Length] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Teat Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Teat Length]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Teat Length])/8), [Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull Interpret]. [AB V Loin Strength] = [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Loin Strength]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Loin Strength]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Loin Strength]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Loin Strength])/8)
WHERE ((([Cow Pedigree Evaluation - Bull lnterpret].NomBreed)="FF"));
6.3 Sire Genotype/Dam Genotype Exclusion
This code is the key analysis section of excluding potential sires from a cow genotype that exhibits identified genotype traits that require protection.
6.3.1 Defect Exclusion Component
(Ref: Dairy Select Result Defects)
SELECT DISTINCTROW [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. Nos, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [National ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. CowlD, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code I]= 11 CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code I ]= 11 CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect BuIM Cowl ], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code I ]= 11 BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect BuIM Cow2], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect BuIM Cow3], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code I]= 11 DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull2 Cowl ], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull2 Cow2], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull2 Cow3], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull3 Cowl], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull3 Cow2], llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="CV" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CV",Yes,No) AS [Defect Bull3 Cow3] INTO [Dairy Select Result (Defects)] FROM [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] INNER JOIN [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ON [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID] = [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Job ID]
WHERE (((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 1 ]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 2]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1 ]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 1]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 2]="MF",Yes,No))=No) AND ((llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="BL" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="BL" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CN" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Defect Code 3]="DP" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="DP" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="MF" Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CV" And [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Defect Code 3]="CV",Yes,No))=No))
ORDER BY [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number];
6.3.2 Inbreeding Exclusion Component
(Ref: Dairy Select Result Inbreeding)
SELECT DISTINCTROW [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. Nos, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface].CowlD, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Name], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Short Name], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Sire Secondary], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow MGS
Secondary], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow PGS Secondary], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [ABV Milk], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [ABV Fat], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [ABV Fat Percent], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [AB V Protein], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [ABV Protein Percent], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [ABV Reliability], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID]= 1 OOOOOOO" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Cow Sire], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary
ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Cow MGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Cow PGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Sire Cow Sire], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID]= 1 OOOOOOO" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Sire Cow MGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull Sire Cow PGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull MGS Cow Sire], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull MGS Cow MGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull MGS Cow PGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull PGS Cow Sire], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull PGS Cow MGS], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS [Bull PGS Cow PGS], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [National ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Primary ID], [Dairy Select
Customer Bull Interface]. [Secondary ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Breed Code], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. Name, [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Date of Birth], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Sire Secondary ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [MGS Secondary ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PGS Secondary ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Dairy Select Index], ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS S_DS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Secondary ID]= 1 OOOOOOO" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS S_DDS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS S_DSS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS SS_DS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Sire Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SS_DDS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Sire Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Sire Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SS_DSS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS SDS_DS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SDS_DDS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SDS_DSS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow Sire Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow Sire Secondary]="0000000" AS SSS_DS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Cow MGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SSS_DDS, ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID] Not Like [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Cow PGS Secondary]) Or [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![PGS Secondary ID]="0000000" Or [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Cow PGS Secondary]="0000000" AS SSS_DSS, llf([S_DS]=0,25,llf([S_DDS]=0,12 ; llf([S_DSS]=0,12,llf([SS_DS]=0 ; 12,llf([SS_DDS]=0,6 ; llf([SS
_DSS]=0 ! 6 ! llf([SDS_DS]=0 ! 6 ! llf([SDS_DDS]=0 ! 3 ! llf([SDS_DSS]=0 ! 3 ! llf([SSS_DS]=0 ! 6,llf([SS
S_DDS]=0,3 ! llf([SSS_DSS]=0 ! 3,0)))))))))))) AS Inbreedingl , llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![S]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![S]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow Interface] ![DS],25, 0))) AS aS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![S]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![DSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![S]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS], 12,0))) AS aS_DSS, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![S]="000000000", O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![S]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],12,0))) AS aS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![S]="000000000", O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![S]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS],6, 0))) AS aS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![S]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![DSDS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![S]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],6,0))) AS aS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![S]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![S]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS],6,0))) AS aS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![S]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![S]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],6,0))) AS aS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DS],12,0))) AS aSS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DSS],6,0))) AS aSS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![DDS]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],6,0))) AS aSS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select
Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS],3,0))) AS aSS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lπterface]![SS]="000000000",0,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],3,0))) AS aSS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS],3,0))) AS aSS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],3,0))) AS aSS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DS],6,0))) AS aSSS_DS, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS],3,0))) AS aSSS_DSS, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],3,0))) AS aSSS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS],1 ,0))) AS aSSS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],1 ,0))) AS aSSS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![DDSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS],1 ,0))) AS aSSS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],1 ,0))) AS aSSS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DS], 6,0))) AS aSDS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSS],3,0))) AS aSDS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lπterface]![DDS]="000000000",0,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],3,0))) AS aSDS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]="OOOOOOOOO", O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO" ! O ! I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS],1 ,0))) AS aSDS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],1 ,0))) AS aSDS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSS], 1 ,0))) AS aSDS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDDS], 1 ,0))) AS aSDS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DS],3,0))) AS aSSSS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS], 1 ,0))) AS aSSSS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],1 ,0))) AS aSSSS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS], 0.7,0))) AS aSSSS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDS],0.7,0))) AS aSSSS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS],0.7,0))) AS aSSSS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],0.7,0))) AS aSSSS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DS], 3,0))) AS aSSDS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS], 1 ,0))) AS aSSDS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],1 ,0))) AS aSSDS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS],0.7,0))) AS aSSDS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],0.7,0))) AS aSSDS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSS], 0.7,0))) AS aSSDS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],0.7,0))) AS aSSDS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DS], 3,0))) AS aSDSS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS], 1 ,0))) AS aSDSS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],1 ,0))) AS aSDSS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS], 0.7,0))) AS aSDSS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],0.7,0))) AS aSDSS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSS], 0.7,0))) AS aSDSS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDSS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],0.7,0))) AS aSDSS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DS],3,0))) AS aSDDS_DS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSS], 1 ,0))) AS aSDDS_DSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDS],1 ,0))) AS aSDDS_DDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSS],0.7,0))) AS aSDDS_DSSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDS],0.7,0))) AS aSDDS_DSDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSS],0.7,0))) AS aSDDS_DDSS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDDS]=[Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDS],0.7,0))) AS aSDDS_DDDS, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![D]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],25,0))) AS aD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],12,0))) AS aD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SSD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],12,0))) AS aD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],6,0))) AS aD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lπterface]![SDSD]="000000000",0,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lπterface]![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],6,0))) AS aD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],6,0))) AS aD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]="000000000",0, I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![D]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],6,0))) AS aD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],12,0))) AS aDD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],6,0))) AS aDD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SSD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],6,0))) AS aDD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],3,0))) AS aDD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],3,0))) AS aDD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],3,0))) AS aDD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],3,0))) AS aDD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],6,0))) AS aDDD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDD]= 1 OOOOOOOOC 1 O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],3,0))) AS aDDD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]= 11 OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],3,0))) AS aDDD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],1 ,0))) AS aDDD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],1 ,0))) AS aDDD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],1 ,0))) AS aDDD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],1 ,0))) AS aDDD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],6,0))) AS aDSD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],3,0))) AS aDSD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]= 11 OOOOOOOOO 11 A I If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SSD]="000000000"A I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSD],3,0))) AS aDSD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]="000000000" A I lf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO"Allf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],1 ,0))) AS aDSD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SDSD]="000000000"A I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],1 ,0))) AS aDSD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]= 1 OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSDD]="000000000"A I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],1 ,0))) AS aDSD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSD]= 1 OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO"Allf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],1 ,0))) AS aDSD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO"Allf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SD]="000000000"A I If ([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],3,0))) AS aDDDD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lπterface]![DDDD]="000000000",0,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SDD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],1 ,0))) AS aDDDD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSD]="OOOOOOOOO", O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],1 ,0))) AS aDDDD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],0.7,0))) AS aDDDD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],0.7,0))) AS aDDDD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],0.7,0))) AS aDDDD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],0.7,0))) AS aDDDD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],3,0))) AS aDDSD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SDD]= 1 OOOOOOOOC 1 O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],1 ,0))) AS aDDSD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]= 11 OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSD], 1 ,0))) AS aDDSD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],0.7,0))) AS aDDSD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],0.7,0))) AS aDDSD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],0.7,0))) AS aDDSD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="000000000",0,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DDSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],0.7,0))) AS aDDSD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SD],3,0))) AS aDSDD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SDD]="OOOOOOOOO", O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],1 ,0))) AS aDSDD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],1 ,0))) AS aDSDD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],0.7,0))) AS aDSDD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],0.7,0))) AS aDSDD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],0.7,0))) AS aDSDD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O, I lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSDD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],0.7,0))) AS aDSDD_SSSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SD], 3,0))) AS aDSSD_SD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDD],1 ,0))) AS aDSSD_SDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![SSD]="000000000",0, 1 lf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSD],1 ,0))) AS aDSSD_SSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDDD],0.7,0))) AS aDSSD_SDDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSD]="000000000",0, 1 If ([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SDSD],0.7,0))) AS aDSSD_SDSD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO" > O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSDD],0.7,0))) AS aDSSD_SSDD, llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![DSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD]="OOOOOOOOO",O,llf([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![DSSD]=[Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![SSSD],0.7,0))) AS aDSSD_SSSD,
[aS_DS]+[aS_DSS]+[aS_DDS]+[aS_DSSS]+[aS_DSDS]+[aS_DDSS]+[ aS_DDDS]+[aSS_DS] +[aSS_DSS]+[aSS_DDS]+[aSS_DSSS]+[aSS_DSDS]+[aSS_DDSS]+[aSS_D DDS]+[aSSS_D S]+[aSSS_DSS]+[aSSS_DDS]+[aSSS_DSSS]+[aSSS_DSDS]+[aSSS_DDSS] +[aSSS_DDDS ]+[aSDS_DS]+[aSDS_DSS]+[aSDS_DDS]+[aSDS_DSSS]+[aSDS_DSDS]+[a SDS_DDSS]+[a SDS_DDDS]+[aSSSS_DS]+[aSSSS_DSS]+[aSSSS_DDS]+[aSSSS_DSSS]+[a SSSS_DSDS] +[aSSSS_DDSS]+[aSSSS_DDDS]+[aSSDS_DS]+[aSSDS_DSS]+[aSSDS_DDS ]+[aSSDS_D SSS]+[aSSDS_DSDS]+[aSSDS_DDSS]+[aSSDS_DDDS]+[aSDSS_DS]+[aSDS S_DSS]+[aS DSS_DDS]+[aSDSS_DSSS]+[aSDSS_DSDS]+[aSDSS_DDSS]+[aSDSS_DDDS] +[aSDDS_D S]+[aSDDS_DSS]+[aSDDS_DDS]+[aSDDS_DSSS]+[aSDDS_DSDS]+[aSDDS_ DDSS]+[aSD DS_DDDS] AS Expri ,
[aD_SD]+[aD_SDD]+[aD_SSD]+[aD_SDDD]+[aD_SDSD]+[aD_SSDD]+[ aD_SSSD]+[aDD_S D]+[aDD_SDD]+[aDD_SSD]+[aDD_SDDD]+[aDD_SDSD]+[aDD_SSDD]+[aDD _SSSD]+[aDD D_SD]+[aDDD_SDD]+[aDDD_SSD]+[aDDD_SDDD]+[aDDD_SDSD]+[aDDD_SS DD]+[aDDD _SSSD]+[aDSD_SD]+[aDSD_SDD]+[aDSD_SSD]+[aDSD_SDDD]+[aDSD_SDS D]+[aDSD_S SDD]+[aDSD_SSSD]+[aDDDD_SD]+[aDDDD_SDD]+[aDDDD_SSD]+[aDDDD_S DDD]+[aDD DD_SDSD]+[aDDDD_SSDD]+[aDDDD_SSSD]+[aDDSD_SD]+[aDDSD_SDD]+[a DDSD_SSD ]+[aDDSD_SDDD]+[aDDSD_SDSD]+[aDDSD_SSDD]+[aDDSD_SSSD]+[aDSDD _SD]+[aDS DD_SDD]+[aDSDD_SSD]+[aDSDD_SDDD]+[aDSDD_SDSD]+[aDSDD_SSDD]+[ aDSDD_SS SD]+[aDSSD_SD]+[aDSSD_SDD]+[aDSSD_SSD]+[aDSSD_SDDD]+[aDSSD_S DSD]+[aDSS D_SSDD]+[aDSSD_SSSD] AS Expr2, [Expr1]+[Expr2] AS Inbreeding, [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PT Bull], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PT Bull Reference] INTO [Dairy Select Result Initial (Inbreeding)] FROM [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] INNER JOIN [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ON [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID] = [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Job ID]
ORDER BY [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Dairy Select Index] DESC;
6.3.3 Genotype Exclusion Component (Ref: Dairy Select Result Level 1 )
SELECT DISTINCTROW [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. Nos, [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PT Bull], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. NomBreed, [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Breed Code], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface].CowlD, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [National ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Secondary ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Milking Speed]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABV Miking Speed >Osd]=No AS [Milking Speed], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Temperament]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABVTemperament >Osd]=No AS Temperament, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Likeability]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV Likeability >Osd]=No AS Likeability, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Survival]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV Survival >Osd]=No AS Survival, [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Calving Ease]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABV for Calving Ease >Osd]=No AS [Calving Ease], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![SomaticCell]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SomaticCell>Osd]=No AS SomaticCell, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![LiveWeight]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Liveweight>Osd]=No AS LiveWeight, [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Udder Depth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Udder Depth >Osd]=No AS [Udder Depth C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Centre Ligament]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Centre Ligament >Osd]=No AS [Centre Ligament C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Teat Placement]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Teat Placement >Osd]=No AS [Teat Placement C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Rear Attachment Height]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rear Attachment Height >Osd]=No AS [Rear Attachment Height C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Fore Attach ment]= Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Fore Attachment >Osd]=No AS [Fore Attachment C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Teat Length]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Teat Length
>Osd]=No AS [Teat Length C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Attachment Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Rear Attachment Width >Osd]=No AS [Rear Attachment Width C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Calving EasePlus]=No And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV for Calving Ease >Osd]=No AS [Calving EasePlus], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Survivallndex]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Survivallndex >Osd]=No AS Survival Index, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Milk]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MiIk >0sd]=No AS Milk, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Fat]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Fat >Osd]=No AS Fat, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![FatPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![FatPercent >Osd]=No AS FatPercent, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Protein]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Protein >Osd]=No AS Protein, [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![ProteinPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ProteinPercent >Osd]=No AS ProteinPercent, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Fertility]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Fertility >Osd]=No AS Fertility, [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![ABVCowMilk]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Milk >Osd]=No AS CowMilk, [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![ABVCowFat]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Fat >Osd]=No AS CowFat, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowFatPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![FatPercent >Osd]=No AS CowFatPercent, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowProtein]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Protein >Osd]=No AS CowProtein, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowProteinPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![ProteinPercent >Osd]=No AS CowProteinPercent INTO [Dairy Select Result (Level
1 )]
FROM [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] INNER JOIN [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ON [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID] = [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Job ID]
WHERE ((([Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface].[PT Bull])=0) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. NomBreed)="FF") AND (([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Breed Code])="FF") AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Milking Speed]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV Miking Speed >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Temperament]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABVTemperament >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Likeability]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV Likeability >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Survival]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ABV Survival >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Calving Ease]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABV for Calving Ease >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![SomaticCell]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![SomaticCell>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![LiveWeight]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![l_iveweight>0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Udder Depth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Udder Depth >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Centre Ligament]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Centre Ligament >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Teat Placement]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Teat Placement >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Rear Attachment Height]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Rear Attachment Height >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Fore Attachment]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Fore Attachment >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Teat Length]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Teat Length >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Rear Attachment Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Rear Attachment Width >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Calving EasePlus]=No And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![ABV for Calving Ease >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Survivallndex]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Survivallndex >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Milk]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Milk >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Fat]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Fat >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![FatPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![FatPercent >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Protein]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Protein >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![ProteinPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Protein Percent >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Fertility]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Fertility >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowMilk]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Milk >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowFat]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Fat >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![ABVCowFatPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![FatPercent >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowProtein]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Protein >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![ABVCowProteinPercent]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![ProteinPercent >Osd]=No)=No)) ORDER BY [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number];
6.3.4 Genotype Exclusion Component2
(Ref: Dairy Select Result Level 2) SELECT DISTINCTROW [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. Nos, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. CowlD, [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. NomBreed, [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Breed Code], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PT Bull], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number], [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [National ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Pin Set H]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Pin Set Low OSd]=No AS [Pin Set H C1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Pin Set L]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Pin set High OSd]=No AS [Pin Set L C1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg S]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg Curved OSd]=No AS [Rear Set of Leg S C1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg C]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg Straight OSd]=No AS [Rear Set of Leg C C1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Foot Angle]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Foot Angle >Osd]=No AS [Foot Angle C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Pin Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Pin Width >Osd]=No AS [Pin Width C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Chest Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Chest Width >Osd]=No AS [Chest Width C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Body Depth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Body Depth >Osd]=No AS [Body Depth C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Angularity]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Angularity >Osd]=No AS [Angularity C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![UdderTexture]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![UdderTexture>Osd]=No AS [Uddertexture C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![BoneQuality]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![BoneQuality>Osd]=No AS [BoneQuality C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![MuzzleWidth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![MuzzleWidth>Osd]=No AS [MuzzleWidth C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![BodyLength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![BodyLength>Osd]=No AS [BodyLength C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![LoinStrength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![LoinStrength>Osd]=No AS [LoinStrength C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![RumpLength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![RumpLength>Osd]=No AS [RumpLength C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Stature]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Stature>Osd]=No AS [Stature C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![StatureSmall]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![StatureTall>Osd]=No AS [StatureSmall C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![StatureTall]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![StatureSmall<Osd]=No AS [StatureTall C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Liveweightl_ow]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![LiveWeightHigh>Osd]=No AS [LiveWeightLow C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![LiveweightHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![LiveWeightLow<Osd]=No AS [LiveWeightHigh C<-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Teatl_engthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Teat Length <Osd]=No AS [Teat Length C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![FootAngleHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Foot Angle <Osd]=No AS [Foot Angle C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![PinWidthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Pin Width <Osd]=No AS [Pin Width C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![ChestWidthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Chest Width <Osd]=No AS [Chest Width C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![BodyDepthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Body Depth <Osd]=No AS [Body Depth C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![AngularityHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Angularity <Osd]=No AS [Angularity C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![BoneQualityHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![BoneQuality<Osd]=No AS [BoneQuality C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![BodyLengthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![BodyLength<Osd]=No AS [BodyLength C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![RumpLengthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![RumpLength<Osd]=No AS [RumpLength C>-1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Leg rear View O]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Rear Leg rear View >OsdP]=No AS [Rear Leg Rear View O C1 sd], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Leg rear View P]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Rear Leg rear View <0sdO]=No AS [Rear Leg Rear View P C1 sd] INTO [Dairy Select Result (Level 2)] FROM [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] INNER JOIN [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ON [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID] = [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Job ID] WHERE ((([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface].NomBreed)="FF") AND (([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [Breed Code])="FF") AND (([Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]. [PT Bull])=0) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Pin Set H]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Pin Set Low OSd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Pin Set L]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Pin set High OSd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg S]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Rear Set of Leg Curved OSd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Set of Leg C]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Rear Set of Leg Straight OSd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Foot Angle]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Foot Angle >0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Pin Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Pin Width >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Chest Width]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Chest Width >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]! [Body Depth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Body Depth >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Angularity]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Angularity >Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![UdderTexture]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![UdderTexture>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![BoneQuality]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![BoneQuality>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![MuzzleWidth]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![MuzzleWidth>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Bodyl_ength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull
Interface] ![Bodyl_ength>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![LoinStrength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![LoinStrength>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![RumpLength]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rumpl_ength>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow
Interface] ![Stature]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Stature>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![StatureSmall]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![StatureTall>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![StatureTall]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![StatureSmall<0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Liveweightl_ow]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![LiveWeightHigh>Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![LiveweightHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![LiveWeightLow<Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Teatl_engthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface]! [Teat Length <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![FootAngleHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Foot Angle <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![PinWidthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Pin Width <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![ChestWidthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Chest Width <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![BodyDepthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Body Depth <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![AngularityHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Angularity <0sd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![BoneQualityHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![BoneQuality<Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Bodyl_engthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Bodyl_ength<Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow lnterface]![Rumpl_engthHigh]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rumpl_ength<Osd]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Leg rear View O]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull Interface] ![Rear Leg rear View >OsdP]=No)=No) AND (([Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface] ![Rear Leg rear View P]=Yes And [Dairy Select Customer Bull lnterface]![Rear Leg rear View <0sdO]=No)=No))
ORDER BY [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Job ID], [Dairy Select Customer Cow Interface]. [Cow Number];
EXAMPLE 7: Genetic Prediction Analysis
(Ref: PredictPictureAppend)
This code is the key analysis section of defining the predicted genotype picture between a candidate maternal genotype and candidate sires as generated by applying the reducing additive effect of the contribution of each sires line
INSERT INTO PredictPicture ( [Cow Number], [Cow Name], NomBreed, [Inbreeding Level], Sire, [Sire Name], [Cow Sire], [Cow Sire Name], [Cow MGSire], [Cow MGSire Name], [Cow MGGSire], [Cow MGGSire Name], Milk, Protein, [Protein%], Fat, [Fat%], ASI, APR, [Milking Speed], Temperament, Likeability, Survival, [Calving Ease], [Somatic Cell], Liveweight,
Fertility, [Survival Index], [ABV Overall Type], [ABV Mammary System], [ABV Stature], [ABV Udder Texture], [ABV Bone Quality], [ABV Angularity], [ABV Muzzle Width], [ABV Body Length], [ABV Body Depth], [ABV Chest Width], [ABV Rump Length], [ABV Pin Width], [ABV Pin Set], [ABV Foot Angle], [ABV Rear Set of Leg], [ABV Udder Depth], [ABV Fore Attachment], [ABV Rear Attachment Height], [ABV Rear Attachment Width], [ABV Centre Ligament], [ABV Teat Placement], [ABV Teat Length], [ABV Loin Strength] ) SELECT [Cow Pedigree Input]. [Cow Number], [Cow Pedigree Input]. [Cow Name], [Cow Pedigree Input]. NomBreed, [Dairy Select Result (lnbreeding)]![lnbreeding]/100 AS Inbreeding, [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID] AS Sire, [Bull Interpret]. Name AS [Sire Name], [Bull InterpreM ]. [Secondary ID] AS [Cow Sire], [Bull lnterpret_1 ].Name AS [Cow Sire Name], [Bull lnterpret_2].[Secondary ID] AS [Cow MGSire], [Bull lnterpret_2].Name AS [Cow MGSire Name], [Bull lnterpret_3]. [Secondary ID] AS [Cow MGGSire], [Bull lnterpret_3].Name AS [Cow MGGSire Name], (0.5 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Milk])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Milk])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Milk])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV MiIk]) AS Milk, (0.5 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Protein])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Protein])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Protein])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Protein]) AS Protein, (0.5 * [Bull lnterpret]![ABV Protein Percent])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Protein Percent])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Protein Percent])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Protein Percent]) AS [Protein%], (0.5 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Fat])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Fat])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Fat]) AS Fat, (0.5 * [Bull Interpret] ![ABV Fat Percent])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Fat Percent])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Fat Percent])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Fat Percent]) AS [Fat%], (0.5 * [Bull lnterpret]![ASI])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1]![ASI])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![ASI])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3]![ASI]) AS ASI, (0.5 * [Bull lnterpret]![APR])+(0.25 * [Bull lnterpret_1 ]![APR])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![APR])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3] ![APR]) AS APR, [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milking Speed]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Milking Speed]- [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milking Speed])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Milking Speed]- [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milking Speed])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Milking Speed]- [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milking Speed])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Milking Speed]- [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Milking Speed])/16) AS [Milking Speed], [Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Temperament]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Temperament])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Temperament])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Temperament])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Temperament])/16) AS Temperament, [Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Likeability]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Likeability])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Likeability])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Likeability])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Likeability])/16) AS Likeability, [Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Survival]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Survival])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Survival])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV
Survival])/8)++(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV Survival]-[Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Survival])/16) AS Survival, [Update Aust Type SD] ![ABV Calving Ease]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Calving Ease])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Calving Ease])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Calving Ease])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABV for Calving Ease]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABV Calving Ease])/16) AS [Calving Ease], [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABVSomaticCell]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSomaticCell])/16) AS [Somatic Cell], [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight]+(([Bull lnterpret]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABVLiveWeight]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVLiveweight])/16) AS Liveweight, [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility]+(([Bull Interpret] ![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![ABVFertility]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVFertility])/16) AS Fertility, [Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex]+(([Bull lnterpret]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/2)+(([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/4)+(([Bull lnterpret_2]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/8)+(([Bull lnterpret_3]![Survivallndex]-[Update Aust Type SD]![ABVSurvivallndex])/16) AS [Survival Index], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Overall Type] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Overall Type] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Overall Type] * 0.125) AS [ABV Overall Type], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Mammary System] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Mammary
System] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Mammary System] * 0.125) AS [ABV Mammary System], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Stature] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Stature] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Stature] * 0.125) AS [ABV Stature], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Texture] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Udder Texture] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Udder Texture] * 0.125) AS [ABV Udder Texture], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Bone Quality] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Bone Quality] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Bone Quality] * 0.125) AS [ABV Bone Quality], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Angularity] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Angularity] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Angularity] * 0.125) AS [ABV Angularity], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Muzzle Width] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Muzzle Width] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Muzzle Width] * 0.125) AS [ABV Muzzle Width], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Body Length] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Body Length] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Body Length] * 0.125) AS [ABV Body Length], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Body Depth] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Body Depth] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Body Depth] * 0.125) AS [ABV Body Depth], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Chest Width] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Chest Width] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Chest Width] * 0.125) AS [ABV Chest Width], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rump Length] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Rump Length] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rump Length] * 0.125) AS [ABV Rump Length], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Width] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Pin Width] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Pin Width] * 0.125) AS [ABV Pin Width], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Pin Set] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Pin Set] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Pin Set] * 0.125) AS [ABV Pin Set], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Foot Angle] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Foot Angle] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Foot Angle] * 0.125) AS [ABV Foot Angle], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Set of Leg] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Rear Set of Leg] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Set of Leg] * 0.125) AS [ABV Rear Set of Leg], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Udder Depth] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Udder Depth] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Udder Depth] * 0.125) AS [ABV Udder Depth], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Fore Attachment] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Fore Attachment] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Fore Attach ment] * 0.125) AS [ABV Fore
Attachment], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Rear Attachment Height] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1]![ABV Rear Attachment Height] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Attachment Height] * 0.125) AS [ABV Rear Attachment Height], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Rear Attachment Width] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Rear Attachment Width] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Rear Attachment Width] * 0.125) AS [ABV Rear Attachment Width], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Centre
Ligament] * 0.5)+([Bull InterpreM] ![ABV Centre Ligament] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Centre ϋgament] * 0.125) AS [ABV Centre Ligament], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Placement] * 0.5)+([Bull InterpreM] ![ABV Teat Placement] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2] ![ABV Teat Placement] * 0.125) AS [ABV Teat Placement], ([Bull lnterpret]![ABV Teat Length] * 0.5)+([Bull lnterpret_1 ]![ABV Teat Length] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Teat Length] * 0.125) AS [ABV Teat Length], ([Bull Interpret] ![ABV Loin Strength] * 0.5)+([Bull InterpreM ]![ABV Loin Strength] * 0.25)+([Bull lnterpret_2]![ABV Loin Strength] * 0.125) AS [ABV Loin Strength] FROM [Update Aust Type SD], ((((([Temp 2] INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [Temp 2]. [Secondary ID] = [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull InterpreM ] ON [Temp 2].[Cow Sire Secondary] = [Bull InterpreM ].[Secondary ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_2] ON [Temp 2].[Cow MGS Secondary] = [Bull lnterpret_2].[Secondary ID]) INNER JOIN [Cow Pedigree Input] ON [Temp 2].[Cow Number] = [Cow Pedigree lnput].[Cow Number]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_3] ON [Cow Pedigree Input]. [Cow MGGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_3].[National ID]) INNER JOIN [Dairy Select Result (Inbreeding)] ON ([Temp 2]. [Secondary ID] = [Dairy Select Result (Inbreeding)]. [Secondary ID]) AND ([Cow Pedigree Input]. CowlD = [Dairy Select Result (lnbreeding)].CowlD)
ORDER BY [Cow Pedigree Input]. [Cow Number], (0.5 * [Bull lnterpret]![APR])+(0.25 * [Bull InterpreM ]![APR])+(0.125 * [Bull lnterpret_2]![APR])+(0.0625 * [Bull lnterpret_3] ![APR]) DESC;
EXAMPLE 8: Genetic Focus/Profile Analysis 8.1 Candidate Preparation
This code is the key analysis section of defining each individual candidates difference to prediction between the animals predicted genotype versus actual genetic value.
(Ref: Preparation AB V5cSearch1 )
SELECT [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Cow ID], [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Breed Code], [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].Termination, [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow No], [Excel Abv].[Cow No], [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Cow Number], [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. BirthYear, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [LastOfCalving Year], [Excel Pedigree]. [Dam ID], [Excel
Pedigree_1]. Termination AS [Dam Termination], [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. APRPredicted, [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].ASIPredicted, [Excel Abv].ASI, [Excel Abv]![ASI]-[ABVCow Pedigree lnput]![ASIPredicted] AS Difference, [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, [Bull Interpret]. [Breed Code] AS [Sire Breed], [Bull I nterpreM]. [Secondary ID], [Bull lnterpret_1 ].Name, [Bull Interpret^]. [Breed Code] AS [GS Breed], [Bull lnterpret_2]. [Secondary ID], [Bull lnterpret_2].Name, [Bull lnterpret_2].[Breed Code] AS [GGS Breed], [Bull lnterpret_3]. [Secondary ID], [Bull lnterpret_3].Name, [Bull lnterpret_3]. [Breed Code] AS [GGGS Breed], [Bull lnterpret_4]. [Secondary ID], [Bull lnterpret_4].Name, [Bull lnterpret_4].[Breed Code] AS [GGGGS Breed], [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].DamNos, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. MGDamNos, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. MGGDamNos, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. MGGGDamNos, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. DamlD, [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. MGDamlD, [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].MGGDamlD, [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].MGGGDamlD INTO ABVSearcM Find FROM ((((((([ABVCow Pedigree Input] INNER JOIN [Excel Pedigree] ON [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].[Cow ID] = [Excel Pedigree].[Cow ID]) LEFT JOIN [Excel Abv] ON [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].[Cow ID] = [Excel Abv]. [Cow ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].[Cow Sire National ID] = [Bull lnterpret].[National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull InterpreM] ON [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Cow MGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_1 ].[National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_2] ON [ABVCow Pedigree lnput].[Cow MGGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_2].[National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_3] ON [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Cow MGGGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_3]. [National ID]) INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull lnterpret_4] ON [ABVCow Pedigree Input]. [Cow MGGGGS National ID] = [Bull lnterpret_4].[National ID]) LEFT JOIN [Excel Pedigree] AS [Excel Pedigree_1] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Dam ID] = [Excel Pedigree_1].[Cow ID]
ORDER BY [Excel Abv] ![AS I]-[AB VCow Pedigree lnput]![ASIPredicted] DESC; 8.2 Maternal Pedigree Analysis
This code is the key analysis section of defining each maternal pedigree and identifying their difference to prediction status
(Ref: CowFamilySearch(Differences))
SELECT PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow ID], LactationPILast.LastOfPI AS Pl, PreparationABV5eSearch2. [Positive Family], PreparationABV5eSearch2. [Breed Code], PreparationABV5eSearch2.BirthYear, PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Last Calving Year], PreparationABV5eSearch2.APRPredicted, PreparationABV5eSearch2.ASIPredicted, PreparationABV5eSearch2.ASI, PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Dam ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GDam ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGDam ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGGDam ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGGGDam ASI Diff], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow Nos], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow Sire Sec], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow Sire Name], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Dam Nos], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Dam Sire Sec], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Dam Sire Name], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GDam Nos], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GDam Sire Sec], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GDam Sire Name], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGDam Nos], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGDam Sire Sec], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGDam Sire Name], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGGDam Nos], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGGDam Sire Sec], PreparationABV5eSearch2.[GGGDam Sire Name] FROM PreparationABV5eSearch2 LEFT JOIN Lactation P I Last ON PreparationABV5eSearch2.[Cow ID] = LactationPILast.CowlD ORDER BY PreparationABV5eSearch2.APRPredicted DESC;
EXAMPLE 9: Genetic Benchmark Analysis
9.1 Genetic Progress and Profitability - Animal Group Preparation This code is the key analysis section of defining each individual candidates genetic merit, pedigree and production levels for comparison against industry standards and profitability ontribution.
(Ref: aEHMPDQuartileProgressa)
SELECT [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow No], [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID], [Excel Pedigree]. Breed, [Excel Pedigree] ![BirthDay] & 7" & [Excel Pedigree]![BirthMonth] & 7" & [Excel Pedigree] ![Birth Year] AS DateOfBirth, [Excel Lactation]![CalvingDay] & "/" & [Excel Lactation] ![CalvingMonth] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![Calving Year] AS CalvingDate, llf([Excel Lactation]![LactationTerminationYear] Is Null, Null, [Excel Lactation]![LactationTerminationDay] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![LactationTerminationMonth] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![LactationTerminationYear]) AS LactTermDate, [Excel Lactation]. [Calving Year], [Excel Abv]. ASI, [Excel Abv]. Protein, [Excel AbvJ.ProteinPercent, [Excel Abv]. Milk, [Excel Abv]. Fat, [Excel AbvJ.FatPercent, [Excel Abv]. Reliability, [Excel Pedigree]. [Sire ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, [Bull lnterpret].ASI, [Bull lnterpret].APR, [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Overall Type], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Mammary System], [Excel Pedigree]. [MGS ID], [Bull I nterpreM]. [Secondary ID] AS MGSireSec, [Bull lnterpret_1 ].Name AS
MGSireName, [Bull I nterpreM]. AS I AS MGSireASI, [Bull lnterpret_1].APR AS MGSireAPR,
[Excel Lactation]. LactationMilk, [Excel Lactation]. Lactation Fat, [Excel
Lactation]. Lactation Protein
FROM (((([Excel Pedigree] LEFT JOIN [Excel Lactation] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID] = [Excel Lactation].CowlD) LEFT JOIN [Excel Abv] ON [Excel Pedigree].[Cow ID] = [Excel Abv].[Cow ID]) LEFT JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [Excel Pedigree].[Sire ID] = [Bull lnterpret].[National ID]) LEFT JOIN [Excel Pedigree Importi] ON [Excel Pedigree].[Cow ID] = [Excel Pedigree lmport1 ].Field4) LEFT JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull InterpreM] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [MGS ID] = [Bull InterpreM]. [National ID] WHERE ((([Excel Lactation].[Calving Year])=2003 Or ([Excel Lactation]. [Calving Year])=2004));
9.2 Genetic Progress and Profitability - Animal Group Analysis
This code is one genetic analysis component (which represents the same methodology for all benchmark trait and performance analysis) that groups the animal groups into comparative analysis sub sets for comparison
(Ref: aEHMPDQuartileProgressd2FFABVASI)
INSERT INTO aEHMPDQuartilePrep2FF ( [Cow No], [Cow ID], Breed, DateOfBirth, LactTermDate, [Date Birth to Calving], DateBirthtoCalvingPlus305, LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTermDate, [Calving Year], [Excel Abv ASI], Protein, ProteinPercent, Milk, Fat, FatPercent, Reliability, [Sire ID], [Secondary ID], Name, [Bull lnterpret_ASI], APR, [MGS ID], MGSireSec, MGSireName, MGSireASI, MGSireAPR, LactationMilk, LactationFat, LactationProtein, factM, factF, factP, FactorAgelactationMilk, FactorAgelactationFat, FactorAgelactationProtein, FactorAgelactationASI, CalvingDate, SireOverallType, SireOverallMammary ) SELECT aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Cow No], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Cow ID], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.Breed, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.DateOfBirth, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactTermDate, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Date Birth to Calving], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.DateBirthtoCalvingPlus305, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTermDa te, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Calving Year], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Excel Abv_ASI], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb. Protein, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.ProteinPercent, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.Milk, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.Fat, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.FatPercent, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.Reliability, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Sire ID], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb. [Secondary ID], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.Name, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Bull lnterpret_ASI], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.APR, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[MGS ID], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.MGSireSec, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.MGSireName, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.MGSireASI, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.MGSireAPR, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactationMilk, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactationFat, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb. Lactation Protein, aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor.factM, aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor.factF, aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor.factP, [aEHMPDQuartileProgressb] ![LactationMilk] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factM] AS FactorAgelactationMilk, [aEHMPDQuartileProgressb]![LactationFat] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factF] AS FactorAgelactationFat,
[aEHMPDQuartileProgressb] ![LactationProtein] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factP] AS FactorAgelactationProtein, (3.8 * [aEHMPDQuartileProgressb]![LactationProtein] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factP])+ (0.9*[aEHMPDQuartileProgressb]![LactationFat] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factF])- (0.048*[aEHMPDQuartileProgressb]![LactationMilk] * [aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor]![factM]) AS FactorAgelactationASI, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.CalvingDate, aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[ABV Overall Type], aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[ABV Mammary System] FROM (aEHMPDQuartileProgressb INNER JOIN aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor ON aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.DateBirthtoCalvingPlus305 = aEHMPDProductionAgeFactor.age) INNER JOIN aEHMPDQuartilePrep2FFABV ON (aEHMPDQuartilePrep2FFABV.CalvingDate = aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.CalvingDate) AND (aEHMPDQuartileProgressb. [Cow ID] = aEHMPDQuartilePrep2FFABV.[Cow lD]) WHERE (((aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTer mDate)>249) AND ((aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Excel Abv_ASI]) Is Not Null) AND ((aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Secondary ID]) Is Not Null) AND ((aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.LactationMilk) Is Not Null)) ORDER BY aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.[Excel Abv_ASI] DESC , aEHMPDQuartileProgressb.CalvingDate DESC;
9.4 Survival Analysis - Animal Group Preparation
This code is the key analysis section of defining each individual candidate that has been terminated from the analysis group and examining their genetic merit, pedigree and production levels for comparison against lifetime survival days and lifetime contribution to production and profitability.
(Ref: aEHMPDSurvivalbδa)
SELECT [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow No], [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID], [Excel Pedigree]. Breed, [Excel Pedigree] ![BirthDay] & 7" & [Excel Pedigree]![BirthMonth] & 7" & [Excel
Pedigree] ![Birth Year] AS DateOfBirth, [Excel Lactation]![CalvingDay] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![CalvingMonth] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![Calving Year] AS CalvingDate, llf([Excel Lactation]![LactationTerminationYear] Is Null, Null, [Excel Lactation]![LactationTerminationDay] & 7" & [Excel Lactation] ![LactationTerminationMonth] & 7" & [Excel Lactation]![LactationTerminationYear]) AS LactTermDate, [Excel Pedigree]. BirthYear, Left([Excel Pedigree]![TerminationYear],4) AS TerminationYear, Right([Excel Pedigree] ![TerminationYear], 2) & 7" & Mid([Excel Pedigree]![TerminationYear],5,2) & 7" & Left([Excel Pedigree]![TerminationYear],4) AS TerminationDate, [Excel Lactation]. [Calving Year], [Excel Abv].ASI, [Excel Abv]. Protein, [Excel Abv].ProteinPercent, [Excel Abv].Milk, [Excel Abv]. Fat, [Excel Abv].FatPercent, [Excel Abv]. Reliability, [Excel Pedigree]. [Sire ID], [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, [Bull Interpret]. AS I, [Bull lnterpret].APR, [Bull Interpret]. [AB V Overall Type], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Mammary System], [Bull lnterpret].ABVSomaticCell, [Bull lnterpret].ABVFertility, [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Survival] AS Survivallndex, [Bull Interpret]. [AB V Milking Speed], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Temperament], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Likeability], [Excel Pedigree].[MGS ID], [Bull InterpreM]. [Secondary ID] AS MGSireSec, [Bull InterpreM ]. Name AS MGSireName, [Bull InterpreM ].ASI AS MGSireASI, [Bull InterpreM]. AP R AS MGSireAPR, [Bull InterpreM]. [AB V Overall Type] AS [MGSireABV Overall Type], [Bull InterpreM]. [AB V Mammary System] AS [MGSireABV Mammary System], [Bull InterpreM ].ABVSomaticCell AS MGSireSCC, [Bull InterpreM ].ABVFertility AS MGSireFertility, [Bull InterpreM ]. [ABV Survival] AS MGSireSurvivallndex, [Bull InterpreM ]. [ABV Milking Speed] AS MGSireMilkingSpeed, [Bull InterpreM]. [AB V Temperament] AS MGSireTemp, [Bull InterpreM]. [ABV Likeability] AS MGSLikeability, [Excel Lactation]. Parity, [Excel Lactation]. LactationMilk, [Excel Lactation]. LactationFat, [Excel Lactation]. LactationProtein, [Excel Lactation]. PIMiIk, [Excel Lactation]. PIFat, [Excel Lactation]. PIProtein, [Excel Lactation]. Pl
FROM (((([Excel Pedigree] LEFT JOIN [Excel Lactation] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID] = [Excel Lactation].CowlD) LEFT JOIN [Excel Abv] ON [Excel Pedigree].[Cow ID] = [Excel Abv].[Cow ID]) LEFT JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [Excel Pedigree].[Sire ID] = [Bull Interpret]. [National ID]) LEFT JOIN [Excel Pedigree Importi] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID] = [Excel Pedigree lmport1 ].Field4) LEFT JOIN [Bull Interpret] AS [Bull InterpreM] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [MGS ID] = [Bull InterpreM]. [National ID];
(Ref: aEHMPDSurvivalbδb)
SELECT aEHMPDSurvivalb8a.[Cow No], aEHMPDSurvivalb8a.[Cow ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Breed, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.DateOfBirth, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.CalvingDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.LactTermDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.BirthYear, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.TerminationYear, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.TerminationDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[Calving Year], DateDiff("d",[aEHMPDSurvivalbδa]![DateOfBirth],[aEHMPDSurvi valbδa]![CalvingDate]) AS [Date Birth to Calving], DateDiff("d",[aEHMPDSurvivalbδa]![CalvingDate],[aEHMPDSurvi valbδa]![LactTermDate]) AS LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTermDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[Excel Abv].ASI, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Protein, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.ProteinPercent, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Milk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Fat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.FatPercent, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Reliability, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[Sire ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[Secondary ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Name, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[Bull lnterpret].ASI, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.APR, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[ABV Overall Type], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[ABV Mammary System], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.ABVSomaticCell, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.ABVFertility, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Survivallndex, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[ABV Milking Speed], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[ABV Temperament], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[ABV Likeability], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[MGS ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireSec, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireName, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireASI, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireAPR, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[MGSireABV Overall Type], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.[MGSireABV Mammary System], aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireSCC, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireFertility, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireSurvivallndex, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireMilkingSpeed, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSireTemp, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.MGSLikeability, (0.5*[aEHMPDSurvivalbδa]![ABV Overall Type])+(0.25 * [aEHMPDSurvivalbδa]![MGSireABV Overall Type]) AS [SPABV Overall Type], (0.5 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABV Mammary
System])+(0.25 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireABV Mammary System]) AS [SPABV
Mammary System],
(0.5 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABVSomaticCell])+(0.25 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireSCC]) AS SPABVSomaticCell,
(0.5 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABVFertility])+(0.25 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireFertility]) AS
SPABVFertility,
(0.5 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![Survivallndex])+(0.25 * [aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireSurvivallnd ex]) AS SPSurvivallndex, [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking Speed]+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABV Milking Speed]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV Milking
Speed])/2)+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireMilkingSpeed]-[Up date Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Milking Speed])/4) AS SPMilkingSpeed, [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Temperament]+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABV Temperament]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Temperament])/2)+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSireTemp]-[Upda te Aust Type SD]I[ABV Temperament])/4) AS SPTemp, [Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Likeability]+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![ABV Likeability]-[Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Likeability])/2)+(([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![MGSLikeability]-[ Update Aust Type SD]I[ABV
Likeability])/4) AS SPLikeability, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.LactationMilk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.LactationFat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.LactationProtein, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.PIMilk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.PIFat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.PIProtein, aEHMPDSurvivalb8a.PI, Mf([aEHMPDSurvivalb8a]![TerminationYear] Is Not Null,"T","M") AS
TermConfirm INTO aEHMPDSurvivalbi
FROM aEHMPDSurvivalbδa, [Update Aust Type SD]
WHERE (((aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.Breed)="ffff") AND ((aEHMPDSurvivalbδa.TerminationYear) Is Not Null));
9.4 Survival Analysis - Animal Group Analysis
This code is one survival analysis component (which represents the same methodology for all survival trait and performance analysis) that groups the animal groups into comparative analysis sub sets for survival comparison.
(Ref: aEHMPDSurvivalbδe5AnalysisAppendaPI)
INSERT INTO aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysisBuild ( [Cow No], [aEHMPDSurvivalbδc2yo_Cow ID], Breed, DateOfBirth, CalvingDate, LactTermDate, BirthYear, TerminationYear, TerminationDate, [Calving Year], [Date Birth to Calving], LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTermDate, SurvivalDays, [Excel Abv ASI], Protein, ProteinPercent, Milk, Fat, FatPercent, Reliability, [Sire ID], [Secondary ID], Name, [Bull lnterpret_ASI], APR, [ABV Overall Type], [ABV Mammary System], [ABV Somatic Cell], [ABV Fertility], Survivallndex, [MGS ID], MGSireSec, MGSireName, MGSireASI, MGSireAPR, [MGSireABV Overall Type], [MGSireABV Mammary System], MGSireSCC, MGSireFertility, MGSireSurvivallndex, [SPABV Overall Type], [SPABV Mammary System],
SPABVSomaticCell, SPABVFertility, SPSurvivallndex, LactationMilk, LactationFat, LactationProtein, LactationASI, PIMiIk, PIFat, PIProtein, Pl, PIAnalysis, [aEHMPDSurvivalb8dLifetime_Cow ID], SumOfLactationMilk, SumOf Lactation Fat, SumOfLactationProtein, [CountOfCow ID] ) SELECT aEHMPDSurvivalb8eAnalysis.[Cow No], aEHMPDSurvivalb8eAnalysis.[aEHMPDSurvivalb8c2yo_Cow ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Breed, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.DateOfBirth, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.CalvingDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. LactTermDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. BirthYear, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. TerminationYear, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.TerminationDate, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.[Calving Year], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [Date Birth to Calving], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. LactationDaysCalvingDatetoLactTermDate, DateDiff("d",[aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis]![DateOfBirth],[abs urvivaldayscombined2]![LastLa ctTerm]) AS SurvivalDays, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [Excel Abv_ASI], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Protein, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.ProteinPercent, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Milk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Fat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. FatPercent, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Reliability, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [Sire ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.[Secondary ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Name, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [Bull lnterpret_ASI], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.APR, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.[ABV Overall Type], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [ABV Mammary System], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [ABV Somatic Cell], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.[ABV Fertility], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Survivallndex, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [MGS ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireSec, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireName, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireASI, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireAPR, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [MGSireABV Overall Type], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [MGSireABV Mammary System], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireSCC, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireFertility, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. MGSireSurvivallndex, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [SPABV Overall Type], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [SPABV Mammary System], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. SPABVSomaticCell, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. SPABVFertility, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.SPSurvivallndex, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.LactationMilk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.LactationFat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.LactationProtein,
(3.δ * [aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis]![LactationProtein])+(0.9 * [aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis]![
LactationFat])-(0.04δ * [aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis]![l_actationMilk]) AS LactationASI, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. PIMiIk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.PIFat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.PIProtein, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. Pl, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. PIAnalysis, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [aEHMPDSurvivalbδdLifetime_Cow ID], aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. SumOfLactationMilk, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. SumOfLactationFat, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. SumOfLactationProtein, aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [CountOfCow ID]
FROM aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis INNER JOIN absurvivaldayscombined2 ON aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. [aEHMPDSurvivalbδc2yo_Cow ID] = absurvivaldayscombined2.[Cow ID]
WHERE (((aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.PIAnalysis) Is Not Null And
(aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis.PIAnalysis)>O))
ORDER BY aEHMPDSurvivalbδeAnalysis. PIAnalysis DESC;
9.5 Genotype Trend Analysis
This code is the key analysis section of analysing sires used within a genetic group and to trace the genotype progress for each trait by year of birth
(Ref: aEHMPTrefHerdAverage4fMake)
SELECT [Excel Pedigree]. BirthYear, [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, Count([Bull Interpret]. [National ID]) AS [Nos of Dtrs],
Count(aEHMPTrefHerdAverage2dAlaPrep.CowlD) AS [Entered the Herd], Avg([Bull lnterpret].APR) AS [Avg APR], Avg([Bull lnterpret].ASI) AS [Avg ASI], Nf([aEHMPTRefHerdAverage1 PTBullSearch Initial] ![Difference]<=3,"PT","Proven") AS Status, [Bull Interpret]. [Nasis User Field], Left([Bull lnterpret]![Date of Birth],4) AS [Bull Year of Birth], Nf(([BirthYear]-(Left([Bull Interpret] ![Date of Birth],4)))>=15,"Check",llf(([BirthYear]-(Left([Bull lnterpret]![Date of Birth],4)))<=1 , "Check","")) AS [Error Check], 1 AS [Order], Avg([Bull Interpret]. [AB V Overall Type]) AS [Average OT], Avg([Bull Interpret]. [ABV Mammary System]) AS [Average MS], Avg([Bull lnterpret].ABVFertility) AS [Average Fertility], Avg([Bull lnterpret].ABVSomaticCell) AS [Average SCC], Avg([Bull Interpret]. [AB V Survival]) AS [Average Survival] INTO aEHMPTrefHerdAverage4flnitial FROM (([Excel Pedigree] INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Sire ID] = [Bull lnterpret].[National ID]) INNER JOIN aEHMPTRefHerdAveragel PTBullSearch Initial ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID] = aEHMPTRefHerdAveragel PTBullSearchlnitial.CowlD) LEFT JOIN aEHMPTrefHerdAverage2dAlaPrep ON [Excel Pedigree]. [Cow ID] = aEHMPTrefHerdAverage2dAlaPrep.CowlD WHERE ((([Bull lnterpret].[Breed Code])="FF"))
GROUP BY [Excel Pedigree]. BirthYear, [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, Hf([aEHMPTRefHerdAverage1 PTBullSearchlnitial]![Difference]<=3,"PT","Proven"), [Bull lnterpret].[Nasis User Field], Left([Bull Interpret] ![Date of Birth],4), Nf(([BirthYear]-(Left([Bull lnterpret]![Date of Birth],4)))>=15,"Check",llf(([BirthYear]-(Left([Bull lnterpret]![Date of
Birth],4)))<=i ."Check","")), 1
HAVING ((([Excel Pedigree]. Birth Year)>=1980))
ORDER BY [Excel Pedigree]. BirthYear, Avg([Bull lnterpret].APR) DESC;
EXAMPLE 10: Genetic Consistency/Variation Analysis
10.1 Genetic Group Analysis - Consistency/Variation
This code is the key analysis section of analysing offspring of genetic groups defining each groups differences to dams, the average of the difference and the standard deviation levels that define the groups into their variation/consistency status.
(Ref: DaughterAnalysis)
SELECT Count(CowFamily.[Cow ID]) AS [CountOfCow ID], CowFamily.[Cow Sire Sec], CowFamily.[Cow Sire Name], CowFamily.[Breed Code], [Bull lnterpret].ASI, [Bull lnterpret].APR, [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Reliability], [Bull lnterpret].[ABV Overall Type], [Bull Interpret]. [AB V Mammary System], Avg(CowFamily.ASI) AS AvgOfASI, Avg([CowFamily]![ASI]-[CowFamily]![Dam ASI]) AS ASIDiff, StDev([CowFamily]![ASI]- [CowFamily]![Dam ASI]) AS StDevASIDiff, StDev(CowFamily.[Cow ASI Diff]) AS [StDevOfCow ASI Diff], StDev(CowFamily.ASI) AS StDevOfASI, Min(CowFamily.ASI) AS MinOfASI, Max(CowFamily.ASI) AS MaxOfASI INTO DaughterAnalysisi FROM CowFamily INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON CowFamily.[Cow Sire Sec] = [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID] WHERE (((CowFamily.ASI) Is Not Null)) GROUP BY CowFamily.[Cow Sire Sec], CowFamily.[Cow Sire Name], CowFamily.[Breed Code], [Bull lnterpret].ASI, [Bull lnterpret].APR, [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Reliability], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Overall Type], [Bull Interpret]. [ABV Mammary System] HAVING (((CowFamily.[Breed Code])="ffff" Or (CowFamily.[Breed Code])="JJJJ")) ORDER BY Avg(CowFamily.ASI) DESC;
10.2 Phenotype Group Analysis - Consistency/Variation
This code is the key analysis section of analysing offspring of genetic groups defining each groups phenotype average and standard deviation levels that define the groups into their variation/consistency status.
(Ref: LTEConsistency)
SELECT [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, LTEImport.Breed,
Count(LTEImport.[National Herd ID]) AS [CountOfNational Herd ID], [Bull lnterpret].[Nasis
User Field], Avg(LTEImport.OT) AS AvgOfOT, Avg(LTEImport.Mam) AS AvgOfMam, StDev(LTEImport.OT) AS StDevOfOT, StDev(LTEImport.Mam) AS StDevOfMam
FROM LTEImport INNER JOIN [Bull Interpret] ON LTEImport.Sire = [Bull Interpret]. [National
ID]
GROUP BY [Bull Interpret]. [Secondary ID], [Bull Interpret]. Name, LTEImport.Breed, [Bull
Interpret]. [Nasis User Field] HAVING (((LTEImport.Breed)="FFFF") AND ((Count(LTEImport.[National Herd ID]))>10));