The problem that is currently felt in the bank automation field is that of finding a machine that can substitute the role of the teller in order to reuse this personnel in profit-bearing activities for the bank.

The solutions that currently exist are not able to answer in a highly reliable fashion such a problem since the condition of the banknotes or of the checks, the name or type, the quantity or the number are not identifiable beforehand, furthermore the client depositing methods are indefinable shifting from small quantities for housewives and pensioners to enormous quantities for retailers or department stores.

The currently existing solutions that are able to count the Banknotes or checks are to be considered only as an aid for the bank teller, given the unreliability that they have demonstrated, most likely because they do not take into consideration that the problem of processing Banknote or draft checks is one of the most complex because they may have tears, tape, bent angles, staples, missing pieces, writing and an overall condition that goes from good for large denomination banknotes becoming progressively sufficient or even seriously insufficient for the small denomination banknotes.

The currently known solutions only allow processing of single dimension banknotes or that they must be inserted singularly or that because of the limited capacity of the insertion compartments force the user to carry out multiple transactions thus requiring unacceptable deposit period.

Examples of such machines are given by the patent applications EP-A-0174009 and EP-A-0157012.

The leafing methods used for such mechanisms are very simple, because of the low cost they have, and they have numerous limitations, above all upon the accepted banknote conditions, that if not respected set off a malfunctioning that cause the out of service of the units unacceptable in automatic machines.

Patent EP-B-0389733 describes a machine that counts and verifies different size banknotes, in it the feeding is automatically blocked if a banknote interferes with the guide mechanism of the note that is to be fed. Furthermore, in the case in which the banknote is positioned irregularly, revealed by sensors, the verification system, described in the aforementioned patent EP-B-038973, foresees the halt of the feeder, setting it out of service and sending of a warning to the operator.

These devices do not have banknote realignment systems and this fact causes unrecoverable obstructions or in the best of cases the non-recognition of the denomination and therefore a high percentage of refusals that cause client dissatisfaction that must renounce part of the deposit.

The machines available today do not allow the processing of banknotes and checks in the same mechanism, therefore proving to be either too cumbersome or excessively expensive and however, given the elevated number of compartments and slots for the insertion and the return of the banknotes and checks, they prove to be extremely complicated and difficult to use for an entire class of users. The insufficient reliability of the recognition systems unavoidably implies a high percentage of refused banknotes or the acceptance of false banknotes, that imply a considerable economic damage, as well as image damage, proves to be unacceptable for the bodies that install them.

A non-existent or insufficient banknote control during the depositing process causes accounting errors that undermine user trust and finally an inadequate protection of the deposit reduces robbery time and thwarts security forces action.

The intention that the present invention has set is to manufacture a machine that is able to carry out control and counting of banknotes and checks, of any denomination and in all conditions completely automatically and in a highly reliable fashion, such as to be used as a teller substitute in order to obtain a without personnel bank counter working 24 hours a day.

The main goal of the present invention is to manufacture a counting and control method for banknotes and checks that are able to allow deposits 24 hours a day including the detection of the presence of banknotes or checks, the insertion, the leafing, the control and counting of banknotes or checks and having the characteristic that during the insertion of the banknotes or checks these are pressed and aligned, that the leafing is carried out by opposing a force contrary to the banknote or check's motion applied on one side of these, that the alignment of the banknotes and checks is carried out by iterative approximations by controlling the banknote or check's position in more than one point and in relation to a fixed corresponding plane, that if the banknote or check realignment is not carried out the latter is expelled by turning in the opposite direction the realignment and leafing mechanisms, that the transportation of the banknotes or checks is monitored, that the banknote or check inserted is controlled and recognised or not recognised, that the banknote or check that is not recognised is refused, that the recognised banknote or check are gathered all together, that the accepted banknotes or checks, with a command, are maintained and protected in a storage.

Another important purpose is to manufacture a machine that controls and counts banknotes or checks that allows automatic deposits 24 hours a day including an entry compartment for the banknote and check insertion, by a leafing unit that accepts different sized and condition banknotes or checks, by a realignment unit and by an accelerating unit, by a transportation unit, by a recognition unit, by a control unit that has the characteristic that in the entry compartment the realignment is carried out by the adjustment and the levelling rolls with the presser, that the leafing unit is made up of a pre-leafing roll, a draw-plate roll, by a leafing roll, by a passage deflector roll, that the leafing roll rotates in the opposite direction of the banknote or check motion while opposing a force that is contrary to the motion of the bank or check applied on their surface, that the control unit verifies the displacement of the banknote or check (B/C) through the passage photocells and awaits their realignment with the levelling table monitoring the realignment photocells and at the same time arrests the draw-plate motor avoiding the insertion of new banknotes or checks (B/C), that the realignment unit through the photocells detects in which manner the banknote or check is misaligned and sends to the control unit the necessary signal to decide which realignment roll is to be activated, that after a specific number of attempts the banknote or the check is not realigned the control unit reverses the rotation sense of the draw-plate rolls and by direct contact the draw-plate, the pre-leafing, the leafing rolls and expels the banknote or check, that the recognition unit through the drafts and the chords press against the glass each banknote or check to allow sensors to detect the banknote or check parameters, that the movement of each banknote in the acceleration unit and in the transportation unit is monitors d by two photocells, that the sensor recognizes the banknote or the check (B/C) the direction change unit positions the switch towards the deceleration unit and the accepted item compartment or vice versa if the sensor does not recognize the banknote or check (B/C) the direction change unit positions the switch towards refused item compartment that if the user confirms data furnished by the control unit the accepted banknotes and the checks are slid down the stocking unit positioned within the basis.

A favourable aspect of the present finding is realized through the adjustment rolls and a presser situated within the entry compartment that allow aligning and levelling the inserted banknotes or checks.

A further aspect is obtained through the double draw-plate leafing system that together with the pre-leafing rolls, with the particular form of the double draw- plate rolls that interact with the leafing rolls and therefore with the deflector rolls that allow the processing of banknotes and checks of any denomination or type and in any state or use condition.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the entry compartment is marked off by the inclined plane, by the side walls and by the back wall built of material treated with sliding relieves to reduce friction.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the adjustment rolls are eccentric and lined in synthetic rubber and their shape is partially smooth and partially notched level the banknotes or the checks.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the presser rests on the inserted banknotes or checks (B/C), by springs and counterweights that in order to better adapt to the banknote or check configuration is oscillating and furthermore through these springs and counterweights it generates a variable pressure that levels them.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the draw-plate rolls include a draft zone, a draw-plate zone and a deflector zone made in material adherent to the roll surface to increase friction on the banknotes or checks.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the leafing unit includes passage roles that are positioned above the inclined plane slightly distanced from it and some alignment rolls penetrated below the abovementioned inclined plane, both made up of soft material (rubber sponge) to ward off any banknote or check damaging, the alignment rolls furthermore have, in correspondence of the realignment rolls, a part of material that is adherent to contrast the latter.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the realignment unit includes a realignment unit activated by magnets, the realignment photocells, the sliding slot and the angle protection slot, while the roll handling group includes the passage adjustment rolls that through the shaft move the pulley that in turn rotate the chord and as a consequence the pulley that moves the adjustment rolls.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the ejection system that in sequence first of all reverses draw-plate roll rotation, successively reverses the passage and alignment roll rotation, and finally lowers the realignment rolls to avoid any jamming and at the same time to guarantee the banknote or check ejection that due to exceptional reasons cannot be realigned.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that acceleration roll includes pulleys upon which a rotating chord is wound supported by a bracket that through guides lowers and lifts itself parallel to the inclined plane, inserting them in its sliding slot and allowing the banknote or check to be accelerated in direction of the transportation unit and with the aid of the angle protection slot to avoid any jamming.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the transportation unit moves the banknotes or checks by leading them first through the transportation unit, moves the banknotes or the checks by leading them first through the recognition unit and in this tract thin circular chords are used, supported by pulleys to reduce to the minimum the unusable surface, than towards the direction change unit instead in this tract flat levelled belts are used that are internally lined with adherent material even if supported by pulleys and finally towards the deceleration unit and the accepted item compartment or towards the refused item compartment, and even in this tract side by side flat belts and supported by pulleys.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that recognition unit is equipped with a glass or however a transparent and hard material upon which the banknotes or the checks slide and through which the recognition sensors detect significant parameters, while through the circular chords the banknotes and the checks are kept in close contact with the glass in order to guarantee reading uniformity and finally through a double bend draft that is made of highly sliding material any type of jamming is avoided.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the transportation unit is equipped with optical fibre photocells with a red to infrared signal to guarantee a reliable answer even in the presence a great deal of dust freed by the banknotes and the checks and it is furthermore equipped with an encoder connected through a joint and a pulley that allow the monitoring in space and time of the banknote and check movements.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the direction change unit is equipped with a double switch directly mounted on the motor that moves it. It is supported in the upper part by a guiding bearing and piloted by a particular excitation ramp that has a curved part and a flat part that in turn join in a recurved bit that resting upon the shafts within the upper pulleys disappears intersecting them allowing the banknote or check to follow two different directions one towards the deceleration unit and therefore the accepted item compartment through a pair of pulleys upon which the side by side flat belts are wound by the transportation unit, the other towards the refused item compartment through a draft that intersects a pulley that in turn rests upon what the flat belt of the transportation units is wound around.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the deceleration unit is equipped with a pair of very thin disks in which are scooped out spiral set seats with such a bending that the friction generated by the banknote or check upon it at first slows them down and then stops them and it is furthermore equipped with a positioning disk that allows to orient the opening of these seats in a manner that intersecting with the pulleys upon which the side by side flat belts are wound that abandon the banknotes or the checks in them, no jamming occur and finally it is equipped with a winding plane that intersecting with the abovementioned disks acts as a lock for the banknotes or for the checks as they slide upon the plane itself and they arrange themselves one above the other perfectly aligned, Another characteristic is given by the fact that the accepted item compartment is equipped with a back wall and a support plane built of material treated with sliding relieves that together with the unwinding plane of the deceleration unit formerly described allow to perfectly arrange the banknotes and the checks and it is furthermore equipped with variable detection angle photocells that control, with their closed support plane the presence of the banknotes and the checks, while once the support plane while rotating has been opened, correct fall of the banknotes or checks.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the refused item compartment is equipped with rigid and flexible tongues that respectively the first guide the banknotes or the checks within the containers and avoid every jamming while the second pack them and keep them vertical while slightly squeezing them.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the stocking container unit is equipped with a movement system that allows to position the deposited banknote or check container respectively in correspondence of the fall slot of the accepted item compartment of the safety position making useless any external violation attempt.

Another characteristic is given by the fact that the control unit that monitors and supervises the entire counting and deposit process of the banknotes or checks is equipped regarding the distributed intelligence concepts of subboards based on micro controller that communicate between themselves with a common protocol to which given tasks have been entrusted to.

A particularly advantageous aspect is obtained through the realignment group, that through rolls activated by magnets, a set of position detection photocells, together with an intelligent control system, allow the banknote or check alignment, that because of tape, rips, bent angles, missing piece had been misaligned.

Another particularly advantageous aspect is obtained through the ejection system that the alignment, the passage and draw-plate roll rotation reversal, allow the banknote or the check, that for extraordinary reasons like the presence of staples, has not been realigned to be given back to the user thus allowing the machine to continue the transaction without jamming and being out of service.

Another advantageous aspect is obtained through the acceleration group that together with the friction slot and the angle protection slot allow the introduction in transportation of banknotes or checks perfectly aligned in order to considerably reduce the number of refused items.

Another particularly advantageous aspect is obtained with the system control that through the transportation photocells and the encoder allow the monitoring of the banknotes or the checks from a space/time and visual point of view and with the direction change group that through the switch directly mounted upon the motor allow an immediate positioning, that guarantee absolute counting and accountancy results.

Another particularly advantageous aspect is that the checks are singularly analysed, first of all the number is detected by reading the Optical-Magnetic code (CMC-OCR) stamped in the lower par, successively the anterior and posterior image are acquired and the admissibility characteristics are verified, that is the presence of the date, of the amount (numbers and letters), of the beneficiary, of the signature and of the endorsement signature.

Another particularly advantageous aspect is obtained through the placing that through the deceleration gear sorts out the banknotes or the checks recognized within the accepted item compartment, while waiting to be deposited or returned on the basis of the user's choice.

Finally another particularly advantageous aspect is obtained with the stocking system through the deposited banknote or check container that moving within the armoured body, makes any external robbery attempt useless.

A minor aspect, but however significant, is obtain through the use optical fibre photocells with a red to infrared signal (insensitive to dust) that reduces maintenance interventions for cleaning and as a consequence malfunctioning thus increasing reliability.

The abovementioned tasks will be better highlighted by the analysis of the functioning of the banknote and check control and check machine made up of the followingcomponents: An entry compartment, a leafing unit, a realignment unit, an acceleration unit, a transportation unit, a recognition unit, a direction switch unit, a deceleration unit, an accepted item compartment, a refused item compartment, a stocking unit and finally a control unit.

Further characteristics and advantages of the machine that is the subject of the invention patent will be more evident through the description of the preferred but not exclusive realisation methods, of the machine itself, illustrated, just as an indication, but not as a limitation with the aid of the enclosed drawings in which: Figure 1 Illustrates the machine in its totality in a frontal perspective view Figure 2 Illustrates the leafing system in a schematic section Figure 3 Illustrates the roll movement group in a schematic section Figure 4 Illustrates the entry compartment group in a frontal perspective view Figure 5 Illustrates the leafing group in a detailed lateral section and the draw-plate roll in a detailed frontal view Figure 6 Illustrates the realignment group in a detailed upper view Figure 7 Illustrates the movement transportation group in an upper view Figure 8 Illustrates the acceleration group in a lateral perspective view Figure 9 Illustrates the leafing system, the transportation group and the recognition group a lateral perspective view Figure 10 Illustrates the direction switch group in a detailed upper view Figure 11 Illustrates the deceleration group in a detailed upper view Figure 12 Illustrates the accepted item compartment in a detailed lateral view Figure 13 Illustrates the refused item compartment in a detailed upper view Figure 14 Illustrates the leafing system, the transportation group, the direction switch group, the deceleration group, the accepted item compartment and the refused item compartment group in a lateral perspective view Figure 15 Illustrates the stocking container in a detailed upper view Figure 16 Illustrates the recognition sensor in a lateral perspective view Figure 17 Illustrates the distributed electronics in a lateral perspective view.

With particular reference to the numeric symbols of the abovementioned figures, the machine in hand (Figure 1), globally indicates with the reference (THE) includes a bearings frame (II) that may be equipped with any type of covering (III) and basis (IV), be considered suitable and is globally made up of an entry bulkhead (V), an insertion compartment (VI), a leafing unit (VII), a realignment unit (VIII), an acceleration unit (IX), a transportation unit (X), a recognition unit (XI), a change path unit (XII), a deceleration unit (XIII), an accepted item compartment (XIV), and an accepted item bulkhead (XV), a refused item compartment (XVI), a stocking unit (XVII) and finally a control unit (XVIII).

The leafing system (Figure 2) includes the banknotes or the checks (B/C) laid upon the inclined plane (01) marked off by the side walls (02) and by the back wall (03), upon which the adjustment rolls act (04) the presser (05) and the entry photocells (06) successively there is the pre-leafing roll (07) the draw-plate roll (08) and the leafing roll (09) the deflector roll (10) the passage rolls (11) and the realignment rolls (12) the upper wall (13) and the levelling table (14) the passage photocells (15) and the realignment photocells (16).

Furthermore there is the realignment roll (17) activated by the magnets (18) the realignment photocells (19) the sliding slot (20) and the angle protection slot (21) the roll movement group (Figure 3) includes the passage adjustment motor (22) that through the shaft (23) moves the pulley (24) that in turn rotates the chord (25) and as a consequence the pulley (26) that through the shaft (27) moves the adjustment rolls (04).

The draw-plate roll motor (28) through the shaft (29) moves the pulley (30) that in turn moves the toothed belt (31) and consequently the pulley (32) that through the shaft (33) moves the draw-plate roll (08).

The pulley (24) rotates furthermore the chord (34) and consequently the return pulley (35) the idler pin (36), the winding pulley (37) in the idler pin (38) and finally the pulley (39) that through the shaft (40) moves the passage rolls (11).

The alignment roll motor (41) through the shaft (42) moves the pulley (43) that in turn rotates the chord (44) and consequently the pulley (45) that through the shaft (46) moves the realignment rolls (12).

The entry compartment group (Figure 4) includes the plane (01) and the side (02) and back (03) walls that have the sliding relieves (47) and the presser (05) that oscillates through the pins (48) and is moved through the bearings (49) that are fastened upon the shaft (50) through the bar of the (51) return spring (52) and of the counterweights (53).

The leafing group (Figure 5) includes the pre-leafing (54) the leafing zone (55) the draft zone (56) the draw-plate zone (57) the deflector zone (58).

The realignment group (Figure 6) includes the realignment unit (17) that rotates through the pin (59) and is supported by the shaft (60) of the. magnet (18).

The transportation movement group (Figure 7) includes the transportation motor (61) that through the shaft (62) moves the pulley (63) that rotates the toothed belt (64) and consequently the pulley (65) that in turn rotates the double toothed belt (66) that moves the tension pulley (67), the transmission pulley (68), that through the shaft (69) gives motion to the pulley (70), and finally to the transmission pulley (71) that through the shaft (72) gives motion to the pulley (73). The pulley (70) in turn gives motion to the flat belt (74) that winds itself on pulley (75), successively on pulley (76) and finally on pulley (77).

The pulley (73) in turn gives motion to the flat belt (78) that that winds itself on pulley (79) continues on pulley (80) and successively con the pulley (70) then con the pulley (81) and the pulley (82) and encore con the pulley (83) and the pulley (84), therefore with pulley (85) and pulley (86) and finally with pulley (87).

Pulley (83) and pulley (86) through the friction generated by the flat belts (78) gives the motion to the flat belts (88) that winds itself on pulley (89) and on pulley (90) continues on pulley (91) and successively on pulley (92) then with the tensioning pulley (93) and pulley (94) and finally with the supporting pulley (95).

The pulley (87) in turn gives motion to the chord (96) that winds itself on pulley (97) continues on pulley (98) and successively with pulley (99) then with pulley (100) then pulley (101) and finally with pulley (85).

Pulley (101) in turn gives motion to chord (102) that winds itself on pulley (103) continues on pulley (104) and successively on pulley (105) then on pulley (106) and finally on pulley (107).

Pulley (87) through shaft (108) gives motion to the gearing (109) that rotates the gearing (110) and through shaft (111) gives motion to pulley (112) that in turn rotates the chord (113) that winds itself on pulley (114) continues on pulley (115) and successively with pulley (116) then with pulley (117) then with pulley (118) and finally with pulley (119) that through the shaft (120) and joint (202) rotates the encoder (121).

The passage of the banknotes or the checks (B/C) is detected by the photocells (122) then through the recognition sensor (123) and successively enters in the draft (124) then passes by the photocells (125) and through the switch (126), the pulley (127) and guide (128) passes by the photocells (129) and finally into the container (130), vice verse always in the switch (126) the photocells are reached (131) they enter the wheels (132) and finally on the plane (133).

The acceleration group (Figure 8) includes the motor (134) that through the shaft (135) rotates the block (136) that in turn through the pin (137) moves the block (138) that in turn through the pin (139) moves the support (140) that is guided through pin (141) and bearing (142), and pin (143) and bearing (144), pin (145) and bearing (146) and finally pin (147) and bearing (148) that vertically slide into block (149).

Brackets (150) are fastened onto bearing (140) that through pin (151) sustains pulley (103) tongues (152) that intersect the photocells (153) and furthermore pulley (104) pulley (105) pulley (106) and pulley (107) upon which the chord winds itself (102) and to which pulley (101) gives motion.

The switch direction group (Figure 10) includes the motor (155) that through shaft (156) and guiding bearing (157) pilots the switch (126) whose open and closed positions are respectively determined by lock (158) and lock (159).

The deceleration system (Figure 11) includes the motor (160) that through the shaft (161) gives motion to pulley (162) that in turn rotates the toothed belt (163) and therefore pulley (164) that through the shaft (165) rotates the positioning disk (167) that intersects the photocells (167).

The shaft (165) furthermore rotates the placing wheel (132) in whose alveoli the banknotes or checks (B/C) are inserted that successively return to intersect the plane (168) and slide on the plane (169) and then they lay down on the plane (133) and are detected by the photocells (170).

The accepted item compartment group (Figure 12) includes the motor (171) that through the shaft (172) rotates the pulley (173) that in turn gives motion to the toothed belt (174) and then to the pulley (175) that through the shaft (176) moves the plane (133), whose open and closed positions are determined through the tongue (177) that intersects the photocell (178) and the photocell (179), that allows the banknotes or the checks (B/C) to fall into the container (180).

The refuse item compartment (Figure 13) includes tongue (181) and the flexible belt (182) that guides the banknotes or the checks (B/C) into the container (130) and are detected by the photocells (183).

The stocking container group (Figure 15) includes the motor (184) that through the shaft (185) rotates the pulley (186) that in turn gives motion to the toothed belt (187) and therefore to the pulley (188) that in turn rotates the tangent screw (189) that relocates the volute (190) and consequently the container (177) that moves horizontally guided by the blocks (191) along the bars (192) in the safety and deposit positions determined through tongue (193) respectively by photocell (194) and by photocell (195).

The banknotes or the checks (B/C) that fall into the container (177) through opening (196) are retrievable through the counter (197) blocked by the lock (198).

The recognition sensor group (Figure 16) includes the banknote or check (B/C) that is transported by chords (113) and through the draft (100) is pressed against the glass (199) of sensor 123 allowing the recognition devices (200) to detect the most significant parameters or the relevant characteristics.

The distributed electronics group (Figure 17) includes the device control card (203) connected by opportune protocol by cables (204) between themselves and with the control unit (205).

The machine works according to the present invention as follows: The covering frames (III) in correspondence of the entry compartment (VI) and of the accepted item compartment (XIV) has a protection bulkhead, respectively called entry bulkhead (V) and'accepted item bulkhead (XV), that can be commanded while opening or closing, that protects the banknotes or the checks during the counting operations.

Furthermore the bulkhead opening of the entry compartment (V) lifts the bar (51) and through the shaft (50) the bearings (49) and the pins (48) raises the presser (05).

The control unit (XVIII) through device control cards (203) and the control units (205) coordinates the entire depositing process here below described.

The banknote or check (B/C) insertion is done in the entry compartment (VI) marked off by the inclined plane (01), by the side walls (02) by the back wall (03) built of material treated with sliding relieves (47) to reduce friction.

Banknote or check (B/C) presence is detected through the photocells (06) and the control unit (XVIII) closes the protection bulkhead for the entry compartment (V) lifts the bar (51) and through the shaft (50) the bearings (49) and the pins (48) lays the presser (05) upon the inserted banknotes or checks (B/C), upon which the spring (52) and the counterweights (53) generate a variable pressure that levels them.

Successively the control unit (XVIII) start motor (41) and motor (22) that through the shaft (23-27) pulley (24-26) and chord (25) system rotate the adjustment rolls (04) that through their eccentric motion together with the friction created by the synthetic rubber and by the particular shape partially smooth and partially notched with which they are built align the banknotes or checks with respect to the pre- leafing rolls (07) e to the draw-plate rolls (08).

The banknotes or the checks (B/C) through the pre-leafing rolls (07) arrange themselves as a wedge thus making the pre-leafing zone (54) that allows only a limited number of them to enter the leafing zone (55).

The control unit (XVIII) starts motor (28) that through the shaft (29-33), pulleys (30-32) and toothed belt (31) rotates the draw-plate rolls (08), when the draft zone (56) is reached near the pre-leafing roll (07) one or a few banknotes or checks (B/C) coming into contact with the adherent part are brought near the leafing rolls (09) that intersecting the draw-plate rolls (08) in the leafing zone (55) they bar their passage; considering that the free wheel upon which they are mounted allows rotation only in the opposite direction to the draw-plate roll (08) and consequently to the transit direction of the banknote or check (B/C).

Once the draw-plate zone is reached (57) near the leafing zone (55) the smooth part of the draw-plate rolls (08) becomes adherent because combined to its raised teeth a force that overcomes the friction opposed by the leafing rolls (09) and allows only one banknote or check to pass, given that the space between the draw- plate rolls (08) and the leafing rolls (09) is the equivalent to the thickness of one of them.

The extent of the draw-plate zone (57) is sufficient to lead the banknote or check (B/C) near the deflector rolls (10) that thanks to the load spring action (not indicated for simplicity) generates a compression that makes the banknote or check (B/C) feed integral with the advancement of the draw-plate rolls (08).

Finally the deflector zone (58) keeps the banknote or check (B/C) aligned even if they have defects such as missing parts, bent angles, tape, rips that cause a thickness variation, given that the friction generated through the deflector rolls (10) is superior to the friction produced by the draw-plate rolls (08) and the leafing rolls (09).

Successively the banknote or check (B/C) approaches the passage rolls (11), which are activated by the rotor (22).

Through the system of shafts (23-40) of pins (36-38), of pulleys (24-35-37-39) and the chord (34), and it leads it near the alignment rolls (12) that instead are activated by the motor (41) through the system of shafts (42-46), pulleys (43-45) and the chord (44).

The control unit (XVIII) verifies the banknote or check movement (B/C) through the passage photocells (15) and awaits their alignment levelling table (14) monitoring the alignment photocells (16) and at the same time stopping the draw- plate motor (28) avoiding the introduction of new banknotes or checks (B/C).

If after a certain period of time the banknote or check (B/C) are not aligned in relation to al levelling table (14) The control unit (XVIII) through the realignment photocells (19) detects in which manner it is misaligned and, therefore, decides which magnet (18) to activate.

By exploiting the continuous rotation of the alignment rolls (12) and through excitation impulse for one of the magnets (18) the corresponding realignment roll (17) through the pin (59) and the shaft (60) lowers itself generating such a friction force that it rotates the banknote or the check (B/C) realigning it.

If after a certain number of attempts the banknote or the check (B/C) have not been realigned the control unit (XVIII) will activate the expulsion procedure that allows to bring back the banknote or check (B/C) in the entry compartment, this task is performed by reversing the rotation of the motors in a precise sequence in order that any jamming can be excluded, in particular first is reversed the motor (28) that through the shafts (29-33) the pulleys (30-32) and the toothed belt (31) rotates in the opposite direction the draw-plate rolls (08) and by direct contact the deflector rolls (10) and the pre-leafing rolls (07) and because of friction with the banknote or the check (B/C) that is being expelled, the leafing rolls (09) then motor (22) is reversed, that through the shafts (23-40) the pins (36-38) the pulleys (24-35-37-39) and the chord (34) rotates in the opposite direction the passage rolls (11).

Successively the motor (41) is reversed, that through the shafts (42-46) the pulleys (43-45) and the chord (44) rotates in the opposite direction the alignment rolls (12) and finally both magnets (18) are activated that through the shafts (60) and the pins (59) lower the realignment rolls (17).

The adjustment rolls (04) that are also activated by motor (41) through the shafts (23-27) the pulleys (24-26) and the chord (25) through an unbound wheel that does not allow its reverse rotation, remain still allowing the banknotes or the checks (B/C) that reach the entry compartment (VI) to remain there without being thrown out of the machine.

Se instead the banknote or check (B/C) is aligned in respect of the levelling table (14) The control unit (XVIII) activates the motor (134) that through the shafts (135-137-139) the pins (141-143-145-147-151) the bearings (142-144-146-148) the guide (149) the brackets (136-138-140-150) the pulleys (103-104-105-106- 107) lowers the chord (102) until the tongues (152) do not intersect the photocells (153).

The banknote or the check (B/C) therefore comes into contact with the chord (102) that in the meantime is rotating through the motion transmitted by the pulley (101) and through sliding slots (20) the friction that is generated accelerates it introducing it in the transportation unit (X).

The control unit (XVIII) monitors through the alignment photocells (16) the exit of the banknote or check (B/C) that is favoured by the angle protection slot (21) and as soon as it detects that they are free reverses the motor (134) that through the shafts (135-137-139) the pins (141-143-145-147-151) the bearings (142-144- 146-148) the guide (149) the brackets (136-138-140-150) the pulleys (103-104- 105-106-107) lifts the chord (102) until the photocells (153) are not releases from the tongues (152).

The leafing unit (VII) the realignment unit (VIII), and the acceleration unit (IX) are free and therefore the control unit (XVIII) begins a new leafing cycle to introduce the following banknote or check (B/C) contained in the entry compartment (VI).

The preceding banknote or check (B/C) instead is taken between chord (96) and chord (113) that are moved respectively by pulleys (85-87-97-98-99-100-101) and pulleys (112-114-115-116-117-118-119) and passes underneath the photocells (122) in this moment the control unit (XVIII) begins to count the impulses generated by the encoder (121) that is moved through joint (202) shaft (120) and pulleys (119).

In this moment the control unit (XVIII) verifies that the banknote or check (B/C) has covered the area between photocell (122) and photocell (125) in the correct number of impulses generated by the encoder (121) and that the sensor (123) has recognised the denomination, the type and the significant data, therefore through the direction change unit (XII) positions the switch (126) against the shaft (158) of the pulley (93) that directs it towards the deceleration unit (XIII) and the accepted item compartment (XIV), vice versa if it has not been recognised by the sensor (123) the direction change unit (XII) positions the switch (126) against the shaft (159) of the pulley (81) that directs it towards the refused item compartment (XVI).

The transfer speed of the belts (78-88) and consequently of the banknotes or checks (B/C) is very high and considering that the distance between the photocell (125) and switch (126) is small the latter must finish the necessary transfer very rapidly, the motor (155) through the shaft (156) upon which is directly mounted the switch (126) and the guiding bearing (157) together with a pilotage with boost ramp serve this purpose.

The switch (126) has a bent part and a flat one that join in a recurved bit that resting upon the shafts (158-159) disappears amongst the pulleys (81-93) not interfering with the banknote or check (B/C) motion that are successively taken between the flat belts (78) and the flat belts (74) that are wound respectively on the pulleys (81) and on pulleys (77) or else they continue guided by the flat belt (88) that winds itself on pulley (94), on pulley (127) and on draft (128).

The recognised banknote or check (B/C) is taken between the flat belts (74-78) and passes on pulley (70) then on pulley (80) and therefore under the photocell (131) and in this moment the control unit (18) verifies that the number of impulses generated by the encoder (121) after the passage under the photocell (125) be correct, finally it arrives between pulley (75) and pulley (79) where it is abandoned by the flat belts (74-78) and it inserts itself within the spiral of the deceleration wheel (132), that through the particular curvature first slows down then stops.

The control unit (XVIII) monitors, through the variable detection angle photocell (131) the passage of the tail of the banknote or the check (B/C) and therefore activates the motor (160) that through shafts (161-165) of the pulleys (162-164) and of the toothed belt (163) moves the deceleration wheel (132) and the positioning disk (166) until a new sector is detected by the photocell.

The banknote or check (B/C) that is within the spirals of the deceleration wheel (132) moves together with it until it does not lay on the plane (168) that intersecting with the rotation motion unfolds it until totally free, falling it slides along the inclined plane (169) and it lays on the mobile plane (133).

The unrecognised banknote or check (B/C) instead passes under the photocells (129) and in this moment the control unit (XVIII) verifies that the number of impulses generated by the encoder (121) after the passage under the photocells (125) is correct, therefore it arrives between the pulley (94) and the pulley (95) where it is abandoned to be placed into the container (130) where the rigid tongues (181) impede every eventual jamming while the flexible tongues (182) guide and package them finally the photocells (183) allow the control unit (XVIII) to verify the successive removal.

The control and counting process previously illustrated continues until all the banknotes or checks (B/C) contained in the entry compartment (VI) are finished and consequently we will have in the accepted item compartment (XIV) those recognised while in the refused item compartment (XVI) those that have not been recognised and finally the control unit (XVIII) gives the results to the user.

If the user does not confirm, the bulkhead of the accepted item compartment (XV) opens and all the banknotes or checks (B/C) can be recuperated, if instead the user confirms the control unit (XVIII) activates the motor (171) that through the shafts (172-176) the pulleys (173-175) the toothed belt (174) rotates the mobile plane (133) until the tongue (177) is not detected by the photocells (179).

Both the inclined plane (169) and the mobile plane (133) have the sliding relieves (47) and are antistatically treated to favour the sliding of the stocking unit (XVII).

The banknote or checks (B/C) fall into the container (180) through the opening (196) and the control unit (XVIII) verifies through the photocells (170) that none of these remain jammed, therefore it reverses the motor (171) that through the shafts (172-176) the pulleys (173-175) the toothed belt (174) rotates in the opposite direction the mobile plane (133) until the tongue (177) is not detected by the photocell (178).

Finally to protect the deposited banknotes or checks the control unit (XVIII) activates the motor (184) that through the shaft (185) the pulleys (186-188) the toothed belt (187) the tangent screw (189) the volute (190) and the blocks (191) and the bars (192) move the container (180) until the tongue (193) do not intersect the photocell (194) bringing them within the basis (IV) in a protected position.

The machine has been described only as an indicative example, but not restrictive, and only for the sole purpose of demonstrating the practical feasibility and for the description of the general and particular characteristics of the present innovation.

The same may be changed and varied according to the capacity of an expert of the field and subject to be in the sphere of the innovative concepts here above described.