Background Art For the approval of operation of a railway vehicle on a given track according to UIC regulations the effects of forces on a wheel set have to be ascertained by measurement during a run in the railway channel. Besides force conditions, above all the security of the rail vehicle against derailment is ascertained from measurement results.

Till now such measurements were carried out on a wheel set of the respective rail vehicle by fitting the travel gear wheels of the measured wheel set with sensors and subsequent evaluation of measured values.

This method was inaccurate to the extent of 20 %, because of locating sensors by experiment according to experience and the impossibility of full compensation for temperature changes.

Disclosure of Invention The said disadvantages are eliminated by a method of measuring effects of forces in a railway channel on a measuring wheel set, the principle of which is based on that the necessary adjustment of travel gear wheels and deformation sensor location for optimum pick up of deformations is ascertained by means of calculating by the method of finite elements with a specially arranged network of the wheel calculation model, with at least four deformation sensors located on each wheel of the travel gear so, that each of them, connected in a Wheatstone's bridge circuit, is active.

For the application of the calculation method it is necessary, that contour lines of the network follow the shape of the wheel sides, elements have a uniform length of edges and the number of element layers be at least four.

The correctness of the method of adjustment of the measuring wheel set and of the fitting with sensors can be experimentally verified or subsequently the arrangement or location of sensors can be changed with respect to optimising the measurement.

By the connection of deformation sensors as permanently active the influence of temperature changes during measurement is eliminated. The result of measurement is an alternating distribution of the vertical wheel force and transversal force, the double amplitude of the response being directly proportional to the ascertained force.

From this the rate of security against derailment, that is decisive for the operating capability of the rail vehicle on the given track, is ascertained.

By applying measurement according to the invention very accurate results are obtained with a deviation of up to 5 %, this being a substantial improvement of the ascertainment of secure operation of the rail vehicle on the given track.

Brief Description of Drawing Measuring method of the vertical force on a measuring wheel set for a full wheel of a travel gear is shown on Fig. 1.

Measuring method of the vertical force on a measuring wheel set for a wheel with holes of a travel gear is shown on Fig. 2.

Detailed Description Example No. 1 The method of measuring forces on a measuring wheel set for measuring the vertical force, shown on Fig. 1, consists of twelve deformation sensors Tl-T12, located by six on each side of two full travel gear wheels 2, all of the twelve deformation sensors T1-T12 being permanently active by being connected in a Wheatstone's bridge circuit 3.

By means of calculation by the method of finite elements with a specially arranged network of the wheel calculation model the necessary arrangement of the travel gear wheel is ascertained so, that six deformation sensors T1-T6 and T7-T12 are located in six sections on each side of a full wheel, paired deformation sensors T1+T7, T2+T8, T3+T9, T4+T10, T5+T11 and T6+T12 being always located opposite each other. After connection to Wheatstone's bridge circuit 3 the measuring wheel set is installed on the tested rail vehicle. By continuous measurement with the rail vehicle with the measuring wheel set running through the track, required values of the distribution of force effects are obtained after evaluation.

Example No. 2 The method of measuring forces on a measuring wheel set for measuring the vertical force, that is shown on Fig. 2, consists of eight deformation sensors T1-T8 located in eight holes of each of two travel gear wheels with holes 4, each of eight deformation sensors T1-T8 being permanently active by connection in a Wheatstone's semi-bridge circuit 5.

By means of the calculation method of finite elements with specially arranged network of the calculation wheel model the necessary arrangement of the travel gear wheel is ascertained so, that eight deformation sensors T1-T8 are arranged in eight holes of the travel gear wheel in a regular octagonal star. After connection on a Wheatstone's semi-bridge circuit 5 the measuring wheel set is installed on the tested rail vehicle. By continuous measurement during run of the rail vehicle with the measuring wheel set running through the track, required values of the distribution of force effects are obtained after evaluation.

Industrial Applicabilitv The method of measuring forces on a measuring wheel set will always be used, with advantage, for tests of operating capability of a rail vehicle on a given track.