FINTA, Sándor (Vajda u. 1, Hódmezõvásárhely, H-6800, HU)
FINTA, Sándor (Vajda u. 1, Hódmezõvásárhely, H-6800, HU)
| Claims
1. Method for casting columns comprising the steps of setting an adjustable, reusable mould to a desired size and filling the mould with the material of the column characterized in that said adjustable, reusable mould comprises a mould shell and a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely by securing at least some of the meshes being on the edge of said netting to each other and/or to a lower frame and upper frame, the dimensions of the column to be cast is set by stretching said netting longitudinally and/or transversely, and said netting is pulled over said mould shell and tightened by fixing said lower frame and said upper frame in position.
2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that said netting is fixed to said lower frame and upper frame by means of mesh clamps coupled to said meshes.
3. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that the shape and the cross-section of said column are determined by selecting the number and the positions of said mesh clamps.
4. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that a cylindriform column is formed by using the same number of mesh clamps spaced equally both for said lower frame and upper frame.
5. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that a cone-shaped column is formed by using the same number of mesh clamps but spaced differently for said lower and upper frame.
6. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that the cross-section of said column is formed by means of supporting members fixed to said meshes and forced against said mould shell.
7. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that stiffening strips are positioned between said meshes.
8. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that fixing of said lower frame and upper frame and stretching of said netting is performed by means of supporting stands adjustable in height.
9. Method for repairing or renovating columns comprising the steps of enclosing a column to be repaired with adjustable, reusable mould and filling the space between the inner wall of said mould and the column with repair material characterized in that said adjustable, reusable mould comprises a mould shell and a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely, at least some of the meshes being on the edge of the netting are secured to one another and/or to a lower frame and upper frame, by stretcing said netting longitudinally and/or transversely the size of said netting is set so that it corresponds to the dimensions of the column to be repaired, and said netting is pulled over said column to be repaired then tightened by fixing said lower frame and said upper frame in position.
10. Adjustable, reusable mould for use in casting columns said mould having a mould shell and a pressure resistant stiffening structure encircling said mould shell characterized in that said pressure resistant stiffening structure encircling said mould shell (11, 14, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26) is made of a netting (1) the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely by securing at least some of the meshes (8) being at the edge of said netting (1) to each other and/or to a lower frame (2) and upper frame (3, 4, 5, 6), and said lower frame (2) as well as said upper frame (3, 4, 5, 6) are supported and stretched by means of supporting stands (7) the heights of which can be adjusted.
11. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that said netting (1) is made from intersecting steel strips (10), and said meshes are represented by pivots for example screws or rivets placed into bore-holes drilled in said steel strips (10).
12. Mould according to claim 11 characterized in that the length of said steel strips (10) thereby the size of said netting (1) can be increased by providing the ends of said steel strips (10) of said netting (1) with bore-holes (9) into which connecting elements may be placed.
13. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that said netting (1) is made of rope in which said meshes (8) are formed by connecting the rope-yarns in an unreleasabe manner, for example by knotting or using some adhesive.
14. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that said meshes (8) are fastened to said lower frame (2) and said upper frame (3, 4, 5, 6) by means of mesh clamps (12), advantageously said mesh clamps (12) are connecting members bent in an angle and provided with bore-holes.
15. Mould according to claim 14 characterized in that it has at least one lower frame (2) and at least one upper frame (3, 4, 5, 6), and said netting is fastened to said lower frame (2) and said upper frame (3, 4, 5, 6) respectively by means of at least four mesh clamps (12).
16. Mould according to claim 11 characterized in that supporting members (15, 16, 17, 19, 20) are placed between said meshes (8) and said mould shell (22, 24, 26) by means of which the cross-section of said column can be adjusted.
17. Mould according to claim 11 characterized in that said meshes (8) are interconnected by means of stiffening strips (13).
18. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that said mould shell (11, 14, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25) is made of a flexible plate, advantageously steel plate, and the edges of said plate are provided with bore-holes by means of which said edges can be fastened together or the size of said plate can be increased by connecting further plates to it.
19. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that said mould shell (26) is made up of mould shell members, advantageously metal or wooden plates.
20. Mould according to claim 10 characterized in that additional mould members (23) are connected to the inner surface of said mould shell (25) by means of which the surface of said column may be provided with ornaments. |
METHOD AND MOULD FOR CASTING OR REPEIRING COLUMNS
The invention relates to a method for casting columns comprising the steps of setting an adjustable, reusable mould to a desired size and filling the mould with the material of the column. The invention further relates to a method for repairing, renovating existing columns comprising the steps of enclosing the column to be repaired with an adjustable, reusable mould and filling the space between the inner wall of the mould and the column with the repair material. The invention further relates to an adjustable, reusable mould having a mould shell and a pressure resistant stiffening structure encircling the mould shell.
Several methods for casting columns or repairing existing columns are known to the art. Hungarian patent application HU 198534 describes a method and apparatus for establishing contacts between ferroconcrete piles and a ferroconcrete plate and/or lintel. According to this document column's iron fittings are joined to iron fittings projecting from the drilled monolith ferroconcrete piles immediately above the ground level or water level. A structure for fastening a tubular mould is placed over the pile butt and the tubular mould is fastened to it. Then columns are casted by filling concrete into the tubular mould and the tie-plate or lintels are joined to these columns. Advantageously, the structure for fastening the tubular mould is made of steel and is open both at the bottom and on the top. Further, it is provided with one or more tubular moulds -also open at the bottom and on the top - which may be placed in the fastening structure. In the vicinity of the bottom part of the fastening structure an inner flange encircling an opening larger than the cross-sectional area of the pile is provided, hi the vicinity of the upper part of the fastening structure joining elements suitable for fastening and setting the tubular mould in position are provided. This solution can be used in places where special requirements are set. However, in case of less complicated constructions it is laboursome and expensive.
Patent application US 5328142 discloses a concrete column forming tube having a wall of spirally wound paper layers. The tube is adapted to have liquid concrete poured into the interior of the tube so as to form a round concrete column upon hardening of the concrete. A disadvantage of this solution is that the the size of the finished tube can not be changed, i.e. it can not be used for producing columns of different size.
Patent application US 3956437 describes a method and apparatus for casting a concrete column. The mould disclosed in this document is formed from a sheet of flat flexible material which can be rolled into a columnar configuration. The sheet has a plurality of tongues on one side edge which, when the sheet is rolled into the columnar configuration, are adapted to fit into slots arranged in several lines in the sheet. The mould form is provided with bandings at spaced locations along its length in order to retain and reinforce the flexible material in columnar configuration. The cross-sectional area of the mould form is determined by that slot line of the sheet which cooperates with the sheet's tongued edge. The diameter of the bandings can also be varied according to requirements. The advantage of this solution is that construction of the mould is simple and the mould is reusable. A disadvantage of it is that the diameter of the column can be varied only within relatively narrow limits. Another disadvantage is that the same mould can not be used to produce columns of different heights. A further disadvantage of this solution is that it is applicable only to form cylindrical columns.
According to known columnar mould constructing technologies the dimensions of the mould can not be changed at all or they can be changed only to a limited extent.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method and a mould by means of which columns may be cast or renovated simply, correctly and rapidly. Another object of the present invention is to make columns by reusing the same mould so that the cross-sections and heights of the columns are essentially different. A further object of the present invention is to reduce the costs of moulding.
In order to achieve the above mentioned objects a method described in the preamble is provided wherein the adjustable, reusable mould comprises a mould shell and a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely by securing at least some of the meshes on the edge of the netting to each other and/or to a lower frame and upper frame, and the dimensions of the column to be cast can be set by
stretching the netting longitudinally and/or transversely, then the netting is pulled over the mould shell and tightened by fixing the lower frame and the upper frame in position.
In the method for repairing or renovating columns the adjustable, reusable mould comprises a mould shell and a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely by securing at least some of the meshes on the edge of the netting to one another and/or to a lower frame and upper frame, by pulling the netting longitudinally and/or transversely the size of the netting is set in accordance with the dimensions of the column to be repaired, then it is pulled over the column and tightened by fixing the lower frame and the upper frame in position.
In the mould described in the preamble the pressure resistant stiffening structure encircling the mould shell is made of a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely by securing at least some of the meshes on the edge of the netting to each other and/or to a lower frame and upper frame, and the lower frame as well as the upper frame are supported and stretched by means of supporting stands the heights of which can be adjusted.
With the method according to the invention columns may be cast rapidly, correctly and simply, it does not require special knowledge. Advantageously, the material of the columns is concrete, but any other material, e.g.: plaster may be used to fabricate the columns. With the method according to the invention a column with an optional cross-section may be fabricated. The method may be used to fabricate a column with entirely closed cross-section, however, it is also applicable to make half-columns or segments of a column.
According to the invention the mould used to make the column comprises a netting the size of which can be varied longitudinally and transversely, and a flexible or adjustable mould shell. To form the netting strips are woven so that they are able to turn round the meshes created at the meeting point of the strips, that is, the included angle of the strips can be changed. In this manner the height and the width of the so formed netting may be varied by stretching or pressing the netting. By selecting the length of the strips or by forming the strips so that they can be lengthened by adding further strips to them a netting of an optional size may be produced.
The meshes at the meeting point of the strips may be formed so that bore-holes are drilled in the strips and pivots are introduced in the bore-holes. Screws, rivets or
similar elements may be used as pivots. The ends of the strips may also be provided with bore-holes. By placing connecting elements into these bore-holes the netting may be increased in size. In this manner a netting of an optional size may be produced. Preferably, the strips are made of steel, but nettings made from other materials (e.g.: plastic) are feasible within the scope of the invention.
In an advantageous embodiment according to the invention the netting may be formed from rope. In this case the meshes are formed by connecting the rope-yarns in an unreleasabe manner, e.g.: by knotting or using some adhesive. In another advantageous embodiment the rope-yarns may be fixed together simply for example by means of wires.
To make the mould a cylinder is formed by bending the netting and fixing the meshes at, the edge of the netting to one another. By pressing or stretching the cylinder the height or the diameter of it may be varied. The meshes at the bottom and at the top of the cylindriform netting are fixed to a lower frame and an upper frame respectively, and the height of the column to be cast may be set by moving the frames towards or away from each other. Advantageously, the netting is fixed to the frame by means of clamps coupled to the meshes.
Advantageously, the shape and the cross-section of the column are determined by selecting the number and the positions of the mesh clamps. When a cylindriform column is required, the lower frame must have the same number of mesh clamps with the same spacings as the upper frame. By widening the bottom part or the upper part of the netting a cone-shaped column may be formed. In this case the same number of mesh clamps are used for fixing the netting on the lower and upper frame, but the spacing of the mesh clamps (the distance between them) is different.
The cross-section of the column can also be determined by the number and the positioning of the mesh clamps. Advantageously, when a column having a circular cross-section is required, four mesh clamps are used for fixing the netting to the upper frame which has a square cross-section. These mesh clamps are fixed to the frame symmetrically, at the centre points of the sides of the square. When a larger diameter is desired for the column having a circular cross-section, then it is preferable to use eight mesh clamps in order to form the correct cross-section. In this case two upper frames
both having a square cross-section are used which are turned by 45° relative to each other, and the mesh clamps are arranged at their axis of symmetry.
With the method according to the invention columns having an elliptic cross- section can also be formed. In this case again, the mesh clamps are fixed to two upper frames, one of which has the shape of a rectangle, the other is diamond shaped. The correct elliptic cross-section can be achieved by using eight mesh clamps. The shape, the size and the arrangement of the lower frame generally correspond to the shape, size and arrangement of the upper frame, but a lower frame sized or shaped differently from the upper frame is also feasible.
In another advantageous example of the method according to the invention the cross-section of the column is formed by means of supporting members fixed to the meshes and forced against the mould shell. By using supporting members not only columns shaped as a body of revolution but also columns having an optional cross- section may be formed. By suitably selecting the shape, the size and the fixing points of the supporting members a column having triangular, quadrangular or other cross- sectional configuration may be made. In all cases, the supporting members must be arranged round the edges of the mould shell.
The method according to the invention is applicable to fabricate columns of optional height. A column may also be formed from prefabricated units which may be assembled at the job site.
In a further advantageous example of the method according to the invention stiffening strips are used between the meshes. If the netting is pulled lengthwise (without the mould shell), it takes the shape of a hyperboloid of rotation in which the highest stress arises at the centre of the netting, where the cross-section is the smallest. In order to obtain a more even stress distribution stiffening strips may be used between the meshes. The material of the stiffening strips may correspond to the material of the netting. Naturally, the stiffening strips may be made of a material different from that of the netting.
It also lies within the scope of the present invention to provide a mould where - after the netting being bent - the meshes along the edges are fixed to a bracket or frame rather than one to the other, as a result of which a mould cavity having an open, curved
surface and a plane surface is produced. In this manner half columns or segments of a column may be fabricated.
In a further step of the method according to the invention the mould shell is constructed. Advantageously, the mould shell is formed from a flexible plate. Preferably, the material of the flexible plate is steel, however plastic, paper or other suitable material may be used. Advantageously, the size of the plate used for the mould shell can be increased by adding further plates to its sides. This can be done by means of screws, rivets, adhesives or in any other known manner. The plate is cut to a size correspondent to the height and the circumference of the column to be fabricated, then it is bent so that the cross-section of the so formed mould shell corresponds to the cross- section of the column. The edges of the bent plate overlap and they may be fastened together by means of screws, rivets, adhesives or in any other known manners.
In a further advantageous exemplary embodiment the mould shell is constructed from mould members. The material of the mould members may be metal, wood or plastic. A mould shell constructed in this manner can be used with columns having plane surfaces.
According to the invention the surface of the column may have various kinds of ornaments or patterns. Additional mould members may be fixed to the inner surface of the mould shell by means of which e.g. the the column casted in this manner may have a rustic-style surface. These additional mould members may run along the entire height of the mould shell thereby providing a continuous pattern on the surface of the column, however, they may be positioned so that they result in separate patterns.
The method according to the invention is also applicable to cast columns the interior of which is hollowed. In this case the mould shell is constructed from two plates, where the tightening netting is pulled over the outer plate, and the inner plate is positioned in the inside of the outer plate by using spacers. Then the space between the outer and the inner plate forms the mould cavity.
The method according to the invention is also applicable to repair or renovate already existing columns. In this case the mould is positioned round the column to be repaired and the repair material is filled in the space between the inner wall of the mould and the column. In this manner broken or cracked columns may be repaired, but the method also can be used to give other shape or ornaments to an existing column.
The lower and the upper frames may be positioned and fixed by means of supporting stands in a known manner. Further, the supporting stands also serve for stretching the netting. The height of the supporting stands is adjustable and they are formed as rods which are suitable for fixing the lower and upper frames to keep the netting in a stretched state. To fix the mould in its set position at least two supporting stands are used.
After assembling the component parts the mould can be used in the customary way. Reinforcing iron may be placed in the mould as it is well-known to the art. The concrete or other cast material may also be prepared and filled into the mould in a conventional manner. Stiffness and pressure resistance of the netting allows it to use compressing equipments during manufacture, for example needle vibrator.
A detailed description of the invention will now be disclosed through exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a mould according to the invention used for forming a cylindriform column;
Figure 2 shows a mould according to the invention used for forming a cone- shaped column;
Figure 3 shows the netting of the mould according to the invention in a laid out state;
Figure 3 a is the top view of the mould shell;
Figure 4 is the top view of the mould used for forming a cylindriform column;
Figure 4a is an axonometric view of a mesh clamp;
Figure 5 is the top view of the mould used for forming a cone-shaped column;
Figure 6 is the top view of another embodiment of the mould according to the invention;
Figure 7 is the top view of a further embodiment of the mould according to the invention;
Figure 8 shows the netting of the mould according to the invention when it is in a stretched position, without the mould shells and the supporting stands;
Figure 8a shows the netting of the mould according to the invention when it is in a stretched position and is provided with stiffening strips, without the mould shells and the supporting elements;
Figure 9 is the top view of another embodiment of the mould according to the invention;
Figure 9a is an axonometric view of the supporting member;
Figure 10 is the top view of a further embodiment of the mould according to the invention;
Figure 11 shows a further embodiment of the mould according to the invention;
Figure 12 is the top view of the mould of Figure 11; and
Figure 13 is the top view of another mould shell according to the invention.
Figures 1 and 4 show a mould according to the invention adaptable to provide a cylindriform column. The mould has a netting 1 pulled over the mould shell 11. Netting
1 is constructed from steel strips 10 so that the strips are able to turn round meshes 8. Further, netting 1 is fixed to lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 by means of mesh clamps 12. Lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 are kept in position by means of supporting stands 7. The height of the individual supporting stands 7 is adjusted and fixed in a position so that it corresponds to the height of the column. Advantageously, the supporting stands 7 are represented by rods the height of which is adjustable. The ends of supporting stands 7 are provided with bearing plates which are pressed against lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 respectively. Further, these bearing plates are provided with bore-holes which coincide with the bore-holes formed in lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 through which they can be fixed together. The height of the supporting stands 7 can be adjusted in a known manner as it shown in relation to the left-hand side supporting stand 7 of Figure 1. In order to make supporting stands adjustable in height they are formed from two members so that the upper member is slidable along the lower member. Both members are provided with bore-holes, and by means of fixing elements inserted in the respective bore-holes at the desired height they are fixed together.Netting 1 is fixed to lower frame
2 and upper frame 3 by means of four mesh clamps 12 respectively. As it is shown in Figure 4a mesh clamps 12 are formed from angle-iron provided with bore-holes on both legs. Mesh clamps 12 are fixed to meshes 8 as well as to lower frame 2 and upper frame
3 by means of screws. The mould for producing a cylindriform column has equiform, square-shaped lower frame 2 and upper frame 3. The frames are forced apart by supporting stands 7 positioned at their two, opposite corners. Mesh clamps 12 are fixed
symmetrically to lower frame 2 and upper frame 3, at the middle point of the sides of the squares. The other legs of the mesh clamps 12 are fixed to meshes 8 respectively.
Netting 1 is pulled over mould shell 11 made of a flexible plate which is rolled up so as to form a cylinder. Figure 3 a shows the top view of the mould shell 11. Mould shell 11 is formed from a steel plate the edges of which, after the plate has been rolled up, are fastened together by means of screws. The height of the mould shell 11 corresponds to the height of the column.
Figures 2 and 5 show a mould according to the invention adaptable to provide a cone-shaped column. In Figures 2 and 5 and also in the following ones the same component parts have the same reference numbers. Netting 1 is constructed and fixed to lower frame 2 by means of mesh clamps 12 in the same manner as it has been described with reference to Figure 1. However, in case of mould shown in Figures 2 and 5 a second upper frame 4 is fixed to upper frame 3 at the top of the column. The second upper frame 4 is also square-shaped, and it is turned by 45° relative to upper frame 3. The side-length of the second upper frame 4 corresponds to the smallest diameter of the cone-shaped column. Four mesh clamps 12 are fixed to the centre points of the sides of the second upper frame 4. Mould shell 14 is cut out from a flexible steel plate which is then bent into a cone and its edges are fastened together.
Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the netting 1. Netting 1 is woven from steel strips 10. At their point of intersection the steel strips 10 are bored through and fastened together by means of counter-head bolts resulting in meshes 8. There are bore-holes on both ends of a steel strip 10 into which connecting elements may be placed thereby the size of the netting may be increased according to need. By bending netting 1 and fastening the meshes 8 being along the edges a cylindriform body woven from steel strips is formed the diameter of which may be decreased by stretching the cylinder longitudinally. By stretching the lower part and the upper part of netting 1 to a different extent a cone-shaped body can be provided.
Figures 6 and 7 show the top view of further moulds applicable to form columns of different cross-sections. The mould of Figure 6 is used for fabricating a cylindriform column having a larger diameter. In this embodiment in order to maintain the shape and dimensions of the mould eight mesh clamps 12 are used, four of which are fastened to upper frame 3 and the other four are fastened to upper frame 5 having the same size as
frame 3 but frame 5 is turned by 45° relative to frame 3. Mould shell 18 is formed by cutting enlarged plates to size then bending it and fastening the edges of the plate together. Figure 7 shows the top view of a mould applicable to form a column having an elliptic cross-section. For fixing the mould shell 21, again eight mesh clamps 12 are used, four of which are fastened to upper frame 3 having the shape of a rectangle, the other four is fastened to upper frame 6 which is diamond shaped.
In Figures 8 and 8a netting 1 can be seen in its stretched position when fixed to lower frame 2 and upper frame 3. The mould shell and the supporting stands are not shown in these figures. As it can be seen in Figure 8 netting 1 takes the shape of a hyperboloid of rotation when it is stretched. Here, the highest stress arises at the centre of the netting, where the cross-section is the smallest, that is, the highest pressure is created in the middle of the column, hi case of higher, wider columns in order to obtain a more even pressure or stress distribution in netting 1, some of the meshes 8 being one above the other are interconnected by means of stiffening strips 13.
Figures 9 and 10 show the top view of further moulds applicable to form columns of different cross-sections. For the sake of simplicity the supporting stands and the upper frames are not shown in these figures as they are constructed in the same manner as it has been described previously. Figure 9 shows an arrangement applicable to form a column having quadrangular cross-section configuration. The cylindriform netting 1 is made of steel strips and is provided with supporting members 15 which are fastened to meshes of netting 1 by means of screws. As it can be seen in Figure 9a supporting member 15 is formed from a folded steel plate provided with a bore-hole for mounting. The angle of inclination of the legs of supporting member 15 corresponds to the angle of mould shell 22. Supporting members 17 are also made from a folded steel plate and they are fastened to meshes 8 by means of screws. The measurement of supporting members 17 is determined so that the mould shell 22 can be forced to have a quadrangular cross-section. Figure 10 shows the top view of a mould shell having a triangular cross-section. Supporting members 16 made of a folded steel plate are fastened to meshes 8 of netting 1 by means of screws, and supporting members 19 which force mould shell 24 to have a triangular cross-section are fastened to netting 1. Similarly to supporting member 17 supporting member 19 is formed from a folded plate having a bore-hole for mounting.
Figures 11 and 12 show the front view and the top view of a further mould according to the invention. The mould has a netting 1 made of steel strips. Netting 1 is fixed to lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 in a manner described previously. A supporting member 20 is fastened to each of the meshes of netting 1. Supporting members 20 force netting 1 on mould shell 26. Mould shell 26 is made up of mould shell members.
In Figure 13 a mould shell 25 can be seen applicable to form a column the surface of which is provided with rustic-style ornaments. To this end additional mould members 23 are positioned on the inner surface of the mould shell 25. First the additional mould members 23 are fixed to the laid out plate of the mould shell 25 then the flexible plate is bent into the desired shape and the overlapping edges of the plate are fastened together.
Example
With the method and mould according to the invention a 3.5 m high concrete column having a slightly conical shape was cast. The column had a diameter of 320 mm at the bottom and a diameter of 270 mm at the top.
Netting 1 was woven from 20 mm wide and 10 mm thick steel strips, each strip was 4 m long. Screws M5 inserted in bore-holes having a diameter of 6 mm were used for meshes 8. Netting 1 was cut to size to make a panel correspondent to the circumference of the column, and the meshes 8 at the edge of the panel were fastened together so as to form a cylindriform body. Four mesh clamps 12 - positioned equidistantly along the perimeter - were fixed to meshes 8 both at the bottom and the top of the cylindriform body.
A cylinder having a height and diameter correspondent to the height and diameter of the column was formed from a steel plate, and the edges with an overlap of 10 cm were screwed together so as to form the mould shell 11. The other leg of the mesh clamps 12 were fixed to the square-shaped lower frame 2 and upper frame 3 both having side lenghts correspondent to the diameter of the column, then netting 1 was stretched to a height correspondent to the height of the column and pulled over mould shell 11. The mould constructed in this manner was fixed by means of supporting stands 7 positioned between lower frame 2 and upper frame 3.
After making the netting 1 construction of the mould took about 30 minutes. Reinforcing iron was placed in the mould then concrete was cast into the mould. After expiry of the setting time disassembly of the mould took about 10 minutes. The quality and dimensional stability of the column complied with the requirements.
The mould according to the invention comprises reusable members by means of which columns in various shapes and sizes can be made quickly and simply.
List of reference numerals
netting lower frame upper frame upper frame upper frame upper frame supporting stand mesh bore-hole steel strip mould shell mesh clamp stiffening strip mould shell supporting member supporting member supporting member mould shell supporting member supporting member mould shell mould shell additional mould member mould shell mould shell mould shell
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