Method and support for supporting a one-sidedly loaded beam

The invention relates to a method for supporting a one- sidedly loaded beam supported by columns, where a lever is placed at least substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the beam with which a torque generated by the one-sided load is at least substantially counterbalanced. Usually, the generated torque is not harmful for the beam, but it is so for the connection between the beam and the columns and for the columns, as the columns have been designed to withstand pressure forces only.

A support preventing this torque to come into being is necessary for example when floor plates are placed on one side of the beam, while on the other side floor plates cannot be placed yet. Under those circumstances one usually places shores under the loaded side of the beam. However, the application of shores has disadvantages. The use of shores is not without risk for example, and the floor on which the shores rest cannot be finished.

A method for counterbalancing the torque acting onto the beam caused by a one-sided load is known from NL 1003515. According to this known method, tubes are welded onto the beam, through which rods are put, after which wedges are driven between the ends of the rods and the floor plates resting onto the beam. A disadvantage is that the forces exerted by the rods act very locally onto the beam and onto the floor plate, which implies that locally the beam and the floor plate must be reinforced.

The method according to the invention provides an alternative for the support with shores, while the beam may remain substantially unaltered and the forces appearing are

nearly equal to the forces appearing when using shores. The inventive method is thereto characterised in that a first end of the lever is connected to a loaded side of the beam and that a second side is connected by a tension rope or tenter chain to a column or to a floor or foundation supporting the column, after which the tension rope or tenter chain is tightened.

The invention also relates to a support for supporting a one-sidedly loaded beam, supported by columns, comprising a lever which is operationally installed at least substantially perpendicular to the beam. The inventive support is characterised in that a first, relatively short lever part is provided with first connecting means for connecting to the beam and that a second, relatively long lever part is provided with second connecting means for connecting to a column or floor or to a foundation supporting the column.

Preferably, the first connecting means comprise a bolt, which may be put in an opening in the beam via an opening in the first lever part, as well as a clamping plate and a nut. The second connecting means comprise preferably a tension rope or tenter chain. Preferably both ends of the tenter chain are thereby provided with a hook, while the tension rope or tenter chain is provided with at least one tensioner with which the tension rope or tenter chain can be tightened.

A further favourable embodiment with which a light and yet strong lever may be realised is characterised in that the lever is provided with a balance beam.

The invention also relates to a beam, provided with connecting means for mounting onto a column. The inventive beam is characterised in that the beam is provided with

additional connecting means near the connecting means, for connecting a support as described in the previous paragraphs .

A favourable embodiment of the inventive beam is characterised in that the additional connecting means are placed so as to be located near a column under operational conditions, which implies that the torque generated by the one-sided load and acting upon the column may be compensa- ted as best one can. Thereby, the additional connecting means preferably consist of an opening, made in the beam.

The invention will now be further explained with a reference to the following figures, in which:

Fig . 1 represents a support according to the state of the art in side view;

Fig. 2 represents a possible embodiment of a support according to the invention in side view; F Fiigg.. 3 3 represents this support in top view;

Fig . 4 represents more in detail a possible embodiment of a support according to the invention.

Fig. 1 represents a support 1 according to the state of the art in side view, which is used to temporarily support an asymmetrically loaded beam 2, for example because floor plates 3a have been placed on one side of beam 2, while on the other side floor plates 3b have not yet been placed or because not all floor plates have been placed. In the embodiment shown here, beam 2 has an at least substantially trapezial cross section, with a bottom plate 4 and a top plate 5 which is usually provided with a number of holes 6, so that beam 2 and the space between the floor plates 3a, 3b can be filled up concrete. Before the concrete is poured, beam 2 is attached to columns 8, for example with threaded ends 7, after which supports 1 are installed and floor

plates 3a are placed. Support 1 consists for example of a lower part 9, provided with an internal threading and an upper part 10, provided with an external threading. A disadvantage is that floor 11 cannot be finished as long as supports 1 rest on it. Moreover supports 1 are heavy and placing them is heavy labour, while working with supports is not without risks. If the floor plates 3b shown in the figure are placed, than it may for example happen that supports 1 become loose and fall over, which may cause injury and damage.

Fig. 2 represents a possible embodiment of a support 12 according to the invention in side view, which is also used to temporarily support an asymmetrically loaded beam 2, for example because floor plates 3a have been placed on one side of beam 2, while on the other side floor plates 3b have not yet been placed or because not all floor plates have been placed. In the embodiment shown here, beam 2 has an at least substantially trapezial cross section, with a bottom plate 4 and a top plate 5 which is usually provided with a number of holes 6, so that beam 2 and the space between the floor plates 3a, 3b can be filled up concrete. Before the concrete is poured, beam 2 is attached to columns 8, for example with threaded ends 7, after which supports 12 are installed and floor plates 3a are placed. Support 12 consists of a lever 13 which is operationally installed at least substantially perpendicular to beam 2 and which has a first, relatively short lever part 14 which is connected to bottom plate 4 of beam 2 with the aid of a bolt or threaded end 15, under the application of a clamping plate 16, and a relatively long lever part 17 which is connected to a lug 19 which is anchored in column 8 or a lug 19a which is anchored in floor or foundation 11 with the aid of a tension rope or tenter chain 18. Preferably, lever 13 is provided with a balance beam, consisting of a plate 20 installed perpendicular to lever

13 and a welded-on tension strip 21.

Fig. 3 represents this support 12 in top view, with beam 2 with bottom plate 4, floor plates 3a and top plate 5 onto which threaded ends 7 are secured, as well as lever 13 with a first, relatively short lever part 14 which is connected to bottom plate 4 of beam 2 with the aid of a bolt or threaded end 15, under the application of a clamping plate 16, and a relatively long lever part 17 which is connected to column 8 or to a floor or foundation which supports column 8. Moreover, the balance beam on lever 13 is visible, consisting of a plate 20 installed perpendicular to lever 13 and a welded-on tension strip 21.

Fig. 4 represents more in detail a possible embodiment of a support according to the invention, consisting of a lever 13 manufactured of for example a tubular steel profile. On a first, relatively short lever part 14 a strengthening 22 is welded, onto which means of attachment 23 for a bolt or a threaded end is welded. To a second, relatively long lever part 17 an attachment plate 24 is welded, provided with a hole 25 for attaching a tension rope or tenter chain. Moreover, lever 13 is provided with a relatively wide contact plate 26, which is under operational conditions placed onto beam 2. Finally, lever 13 is provided with a welded~on plate 20 and a welded-on tension strip 21 which together form a balance beam. Onto tension strip 21 a grip 27 is welded, which simplifies the transport of the support. Fig. 4 moreover shows a tenter chain 18, provided with spanners 28a, 28b and hooks 29a, 29b with which tenter chain 18 can be connected to hole 25 and lug 19 fixed to column 8, as well as a threaded end 30 with nuts 31a, 31b and clamping plate 16.