Matzen, Klaus Peter (Sønderborgvej 6, Silkeborg, DK-8600, DK)
| 1. | A method of carrying out at least one operation on at least one wire (2) in a wire forming manufacturing machine, said operation involving deformation of at least a part of the wire, said machine comprising at least two counter rotating synchronised blocks (2,4), said blocks each comprising at least one operation means (6,7) for performing said operation, characterised in that at least two cooperating following means (8,10) temporarily engage the wire, said engagement starting at least before or during the at least one operation, where at least one of said following means (8) is rotating with an axis of rota tion parallel to a first block (2) and at least one second following means (10) is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a second block (4), and where the rotation of said following means is synchronised with the rotation of at least one block, and where the following means in a first phase of engagement is gradually yielding and in a second phase of engagement gradually expand ing to follow the wire. |
| 2. | A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the following means (8, 10) engages the wire (1) following the at least one operation. |
| 3. | A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the following means (8,10) are retracted towards each respective axis of rotation following the second phase of engagement. |
| 4. | A method according to one or more of claims 13, characterised in that following means (8,10) are acting on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is opposite the direction of rotation. |
| 5. | A method according to one or more of claims 13, characterised in that the following means (8,10) are acting on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is in the direction of rotation. |
| 6. | A method according to one or more of claims 15, characterised in that the following means (8,10) are acting both on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is opposite the direction of rotation, and acting on the side of the operation means, whose side is in the direction of rotation. |
| 7. | A system for carrying out at least one operation on at least one wire (1) in a wire forming manufacturing machine, said operation involving deformation of at least a part of the wire, said machine comprising at least two counter rotating synchronised blocks (2,4), said blocks each comprising at least one operation means (6,7) for performing said operation, characterised in that said system comprises at least two cooperating following means (8,10), said following means temporarily engaging the wire, said engagement starting at least before or during the at least one operation, where at least one of said following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a first block (2) and at least one second following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a second block (4), and where the rotation of said following means is synchronised with the rotation of at least one block, and where the follow ing means in a first phase of engagement is gradually yielding and in a sec ond phase of engagement gradually expanding to follow the wire. |
| 8. | A system according to claim 7, characterised in that the following means (8, 10) engages the wire (1) following the at least one operation. |
| 9. | A system according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the following means (8,10) each comprise an engagement face, said face comprising a recess (12) for engagement of the wire. |
| 10. | A system according to claim 9, characterised in that the following means (8, 10) each comprises a detachable member comprising the engage ment face. |
| 11. | A system according to one or more of claims 710, characterised in that the following means (8,10) comprise a number of rods (14), said rods being embedded in the blocks (2,4). |
| 12. | A system according to claim 11, characterised in that the rods (14) are engaged with and disengaged from the wire (1), by that said rods each are resiliently forced in a direction away from the axis of rotation by a spring element (18) and during rotation applicably expanded and retracted, said ex pansion and retraction being controlled by a cam (20) and said spring ele ment. |
| 13. | A system according to claim 11, characterised in that each of said rods (14) during rotation applicably are moved inwardly as well as outwardly relative to the axis of rotation, said movement being controlled by a guide rail. |
| 14. | A system according to one or more of claims 713, characterised in that the following means (8,10) are retracted inwardly towards the axis of rotation following the second phase of engagement. |
| 15. | A system according to one or more of claims 714, characterised in that following means (8,10) at least are acting on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is opposite the direction of rotation. |
| 16. | A system according to one or more of claims 714, characterised in that the following means (8,10) at least are acting on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is in the direction of rotation. |
| 17. | A system according to one or more of claims 716, characterised in that following means (8,10) are acting both on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is opposite the direction of rotation, and acting on the side of the operation means (6,7), whose side is in the direction of rota tion. |
| 18. | A manufacturing machine for the manufacture of nails incorporating a system according to one or more of claims 717. |
The invention furthermore comprises a system incorporating the aforemen- tioned method. <BR> <BR> <P>When manufacturing items from a wire, such as nails, spikes etc. , the wire is fed into a manufacturing machine, where the wire is cut into blanks of a de- sired length. After cutting, the blanks are moved by a transport unit to a sta- tion where the head and other features are formed. Normally the cut forms both the acute end to the one side and to the other side, the end for e. g. the nail head. The section of the wire, which is to be cut of, is gripped by a trans- port unit just before or under the cutting operation, so that the wire is at most supported by the feeding equipment for feeding the wire from the coil and the transport unit. The distance between the transport unit and the feeding equipment is often substantial, whereby the wire may randomly be bending slightly over said distance. This phenomenon may lead to poorer quality of the acute ends and of the heads, because the cuts are randomly off centre due to the slight bending of the wire. Also, due to the bending of the wire, some blanks may enter the transport unit off centre, whereby they may be tilted and cause a malfunction.
The transport unit must have a safe grip on the wire before the cut is com- pleted since the blanks may otherwise be lost or dropped, which would lead to malfunction. When using cutters mounted on rotating blocks, the size of the blocks determines how close the transport unit may be placed to the po- sition in the cutting operation, where the blank is separated from the wire,
and in effect thereby also the minimum length of the blank. This is an unde- sired limitation of the machinery.
One objective of the present invention is to provide a method of improving the quality of the cutting operation, or another deformation operation of a wire, by stabilising and supporting the wire during said operation. Another objective is to provide a method, where the blanks may be cut into shorter lengths compared to the known technique. A further objective is to provide a system to incorporate the aforementioned method and aspects of said method.
The new and characterising aspects of the method according to the inven- tion involve that at least two co-operating following means temporarily en- gage the wire, said engagement starting at least before or during the at least one operation, where at least one of said following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a first block and at least one second following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a second block, and where the rotation of said following means is synchronised with the rotation of at least one block, and where the following means in a first phase of en- gagement is gradually yielding and in a second phase of engagement gradually expanding to follow the wire.
By the new and characterising aspects of the method it is obtained, that the following means by their engagement with the wire stabilize and support the moving wire during the operation. Also, it is obtained that the following means may transport the blanks from the position, where they are separated from the wire, and over a distance to safe engagement with a transport unit.
By these aspects both an improved as well as a more uniform quality is ob- tained, as well as the possibility of making blanks with a considerably shorter length.
The following means may further engage the wire following the at least one operation. The longer the blanks are supported and transported by the fol- lowing means, the further away the transport unit may be placed, which is a design advantage.
The following means may be retracted towards each respective axis of rota- tion following the second phase of engagement. When and after the blanks have been safely delivered to the transport unit, the following means may collide with the transport unit. By retracting the following means at that time, this is avoided.
Following means may be acting on the side of the operation means, whose side is opposite the direction of rotation. On that side the following means may stabilize and support the wire before or during the deformation opera- tion on the wire, and may further support and stabilize the free end of the wire, in case the operation is a cutting operation, after the blank has been cut off.
Following means may be acting on the side of the operation means, whose side is in the direction of rotation. On that side the following means may sta- bilize and support the wire before or during the deformation operation on the wire, and afterwards it may further support and transport a cut off blank to a transport unit.
Following means may be acting both on the side of the operation means, whose side is opposite the direction of rotation, and acting on the side of the operation means, whose side is in the direction of rotation. In this way, the following means may stabilize and support the wire before or during the de- formation operation on the wire, and may further support and stabilize the free end of the wire, in case the operation is a cutting operation, after the blank has been cut off, as well as further support and transport a cut off blank to a transport unit.
The new and characterising aspects of the system, according to the inven- tion, involve that at least two co-operating following means temporarily en- gage the wire, said engagement starting at least before or during the at least one operation, where at least one of said following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a first block and at least one second following means is rotating with an axis of rotation parallel to a second block, and where the rotation of said following means is synchronised with the rotation of at least one block, and where the following means in a first phase of en- gagement is gradually yielding and in a second phase of engagement gradually expanding to follow the wire.
By the new and characterising aspects of the system, it is obtained that the following means by their engagement with the wire stabilize and support the moving wire during the operation. Also, it is obtained that the following means may transport the blanks from the position, where they are separated from the wire, and over a distance to safe engagement with a transport unit.
By these aspects both an improved as well as a more uniform quality is ob- tained, as well as the possibility of making blanks with a considerably shorter length.
The following means may each comprise an engagement face, said face comprising a recess for engagement of the wire. A recess is well suited in that it partly surrounds the wire to obtain a safe engagement and also has a centering effect on the wire.
The following means may each comprise a detachable member comprising the engagement face. The engagement face is subject to wear from the en- gagement with the wire and it is convenient to replace only the worn part.
In one embodiment the following means may comprise a number of rods, said rods being embedded in the blocks. By embedding the rods in the
blocks, synchronisation of the movement of the rods and the blocks is given.
By using rods a low mass of the following means is obtained, which de- creases the centripetal forces at high rotation speeds.
The rods may in a preferred embodiment be engaged with and disengaged from the wire, by that said rods each are resiliently forced in a direction away from the axis of rotation by a spring element and during rotation applicably expanded and retracted, said expansion and retraction being controlled by a cam and said spring element. In this way, the rods may escape by deforming the spring elements, in case something unexpected should be caught be- tween two co-operating rods. The cam controls the retraction and forces the rods against the spring elements.
In a further embodiment each of said rods may during rotation applicably be moved inwardly as well as outwardly relative to the axis of rotation, said movement being controlled by a guide rail.
The invention furthermore involves a manufacturing machine for the manu- facture of nails incorporating a system according to one or more of claims 7- 17.
In the following the invention is described with reference to the drawings which display examples of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a system according to the invention Fig. 2a-d are schematic displays of the function of a system with one set of co-operating following means Fig. 3a-d are schematic displays of the function of another system with one set of co-operating following means
Fig. 4a-d are schematic displays of the function of a system with two sets of co-operating following means Fig. 5a-c are schematic displays of the function of a system with four sets of co-operating following means Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A on Fig. 1 Fig. 7 is an explanatory side view of a cam with an indication of the position of two following means and an operation means Fig. 8-10 are schematic displays of the function of a system in alternative embodiments Fig. 1 displays a wire 1 moving in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T towards a transport unit 22, which may comprise a number of roll- ers 24. The wire is cut into blanks, which are transferred to the transport unit.
The blanks may for instance further be submitted to further processing into nails, spikes, screws etc. The wire is cut by means placed on by two rotating blocks 2 and 4, which are rotating in the directions indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. The block 2 includes a number of operation means 6 and following means 8.1 and 8.2. The block 4 includes a number of opera- tion means 7 and following means 10.1 and 10.2. The following means may preferably be integrated with the blocks, but may also be placed separately and synchronised with the blocks. The rotation of the two blocks 2 and 4 is synchronised. The operation means 6 and 7 are co-operating to for instance cut the wire 1, making the acute end of a nail to the one side and the flat end to the other side. Instead of cutting, the operation could be any type of de- formation and/or cold forming. Following means 8.1 and 10.1, as well as 8.2 and 10.2, are co-operating to engage the wire to at least support and stabi- lize the wire before or during the operation by the operation means 6 and 7.
The following means may further be used to assist in transporting the wire to the transport unit 22.
Fig. 2a-d display rotating blocks 2 and 4 provided with operation means 6 and 7, and with following means 8 and 10. The blocks are rotating in the di- rections indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. A wire 1 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T. Fig. 2a displays a situation before the wire 1 is engaged. The following means 8 and 10 are expanded to maxi- mum reach to engage the wire 1 as early as possible. The engagement may be obtained before or during an operation performed by the operation means 6 and 7. Fig. 2b displays a situation where the following means 8 and 10 have been engaged with the wire 1 and have yielded according to the de- creased diameter needed at the shown position, compared to the position shown in Fig. 2a. By the engagement, the following means stabilize and support the wire, which enhances the quality and precision of the operation on the wire. In Fig. 2c the wire 1 has been cut through and a blank 26 has been formed. The free end of the wire is supported by the following means 8 and 10 also after the operation as shown in Fig. 2d. In the first phase of en- gagement, ref. Fig. 2a and 2b, the following means 8 and 10 are yielding to the wire 1, or to each other, and later in a second phase, ref. Fig. 2c and 2d, they are expanding, whereby the following means may keep the engagement with the wire 1 while rotating. In this way the wire 1 may be kept aligned and centered, so that for instance random stresses in the wire are at least partly restrained from bending the wire from the desired straight shape.
Fig. 3a-d display rotating blocks 2 and 4 provided with operation means 6 and 7, and with following means 8 and 10. The blocks are rotating in the directions indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. A wire 1 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T. Fig. 3a displays a situation where the wire 1 is engaged by the following means 8 and 10. The engagement is thereby obtained before an operation is performed by the operation means 6 and 7. Fig. 3b displays a situation where the following means 8 and 10 have been engaged with the wire 1 and have yielded
been engaged with the wire 1 and have yielded according to the decreased diameter needed at the shown position, compared to the position shown in Fig. 3a. In Fig. 3c the wire 1 has been cut through and a blank 26 has been formed. The blank 26 is supported by the following means 8 and 10, also after the operation as shown in Fig. 3d. In this way the wire 1 may be trans- ported to an undisplayed transport unit (see Fig. 1). In Fig. 3d the transport of the blank 26 is shown. Also shown is that the following means 8 and 10 are expanding to maintain engagement with the blank 26.
Fig. 4a-d display rotating blocks 2 and 4 provided with operation means 6 and 7, and with following means 8.1, 8.2 and 10.1, 10.2. The blocks are ro- tating in the directions indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. A wire 1 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T. Fig. 4a displays a situation where the wire 1 is engaged by the yielding following means 8.1 and 10.1. The engagement is thereby obtained before and during an opera- tion is performed by the operation means 6 and 7. Fig. 4b displays a situa- tion where the following means 8.2 and 10.2 also have been engaged with the wire 1. Both sets of following means 8.1 and 10.1 as well as 8.2 and 10.2 engage the wire 1 during the operation by the operation means 6 and 7. In this way the wire 1 is supported and stabilized on both sides of the opera- tion, whereby the wire 1 may be placed and kept very accurately relative to the operation means 6 and 7. In Fig. 4c the wire 1 has been cut through and a blank 26 has been formed. The blank 26 is supported by the following means 8.1 and 10.1 also after the operation as shown in Fig. 4d. The free end of the wire 1 is supported by the following means 8.2 and 10. 2. In Fig.
4d the transport of the blank 26 is shown and that the following means 8 and 10 are expanding to maintain engagement with the blank 26. Also the follow- ing means 8.2 and 10.2 are expanding to maintain engagement with the wire.
Fig. 5a-c display rotating blocks 2 and 4 provided with operation means 6 and 7, and with following means 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4 and 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4.
The blocks are rotating in the directions indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. A wire 1 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T.
Fig. 5a displays a situation where the wire 1 is engaged by the following means 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and 10.1, 10.2, 10.3. The engagement is thereby ob- tained before and during an operation is performed by the operation means 6 and 7. Fig. 5b displays a situation where all the following means are en- gaged during the operation, whereby increased stability, support and preci- sion is obtained. In Fig. 5c the wire 1 has been cut through and a blank 26 has been formed. The blank 26 is supported by the following means 8.1, 8.2 and 10.1, 10.2 also after the operation shown in Fig. 5b. The free end of the wire 1 is supported by the following means 8.3, 8.4 and 10.3, 10.4. In Fig. 5c the transport of the blank 26 is shown, where both following means 8.1 and 10.1 as well as 8.2 and 10.2 are engaged, which gives a very stable and se- cure transport of the blank.
Fig. 6 displays a block 4 comprising a hole 40 where a following means 10 is placed, said following means comprising a rod 14. The end of the rod 14, which comprises the engagement face, is provided with a groove 12. The tip of the rod 14 may be detachable for easy replacement of a worn part. The rod 14 is placed in the hole 40 and guided by two sliding bearings 28 and 38. The rod 14 is further provided with a hole 42, where a spring element 18 is placed. The spring element may as shown be a helical spring. The spring element 18 forces the rod 14 in the direction of the recess 12. To keep the rod 14 in place and jointly with the spring element control expansion and retraction, a non-rotating cam 20 is provided, where a wheel or a ball bear- ing 32 via a bushing 30 and a screw 34 is connected to the rod 14. The screw 34 is inserted in the threaded hole 36 in the rod 14. When the block 4 is rotated while the cam 20 remains fixed, the ball bearing 32 will be running on the cam 20, to which it is forced into contact with by the spring element 18. By providing the cam 20 with an appropriate geometry, expansion and retraction of the rod 14 is controlled. The centripetal force acting on the rod
14 during rotation increases the contact between the ball bearing 32 and the cam 20.
Fig. 7 displays a cam 20 provided with a zone 44, where the diameter is in- creased. For explanatory purposes, two following means 10.1 and 10.2 are indicated along with an operation means 7. Two spring elements 18 are forc- ing the following means 10.1 and 10.2 away from the centre of rotation. Two ball bearings 32 are in contact with the cam 20 including the zone 44. When the ball bearings 32 pass the zone 44 the following means 10.1 and 10.2 are first expanded outwardly and afterwards retracted inwardly during the pas- sage.
The movement inwardly and outwardly of following means 8 and 10 may also be controlled by a guide rail, which is equivalent to both an inward and an outward cam. The use of the cam 20 and spring element 18 is, however, pre- ferred, since the following means may yield inwardly in case of a malfunction because of the spring element 18.
Fig. 8-10 displays rotating blocks 2 and 4 provided with operation means 6 and 7. The blocks are rotating in the directions indicated by the arrows marked R1 and R2. A wire 1 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow marked T.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the following means 8.1, 8.2 and 10.1, 10.2 are elastic, bendable fingers, e. g. made from rubber, so that they at first bend to decrease effective length and engage the wire during rotation, and at a later phase unbend to increase the effective length to follow the wire.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, the following means 8.1, 8.2 and 10.1, 10.2 are elastic, deformable blocks, e. g. made from rubber, so that they at first deform to decrease effective length and engage the wire during rotation,
and at a later phase expand to increase the effective length to follow the wire.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, the following means 8 and 10 are elas- tic rings, e. g. made from rubber, said rings being provided with grooves 46, where the operation means 6 and 7 are placed. The rings at first deform to decrease effective length and engage the wire during rotation, and at a later phase expand to increase the effective length to follow the wire.
It is to be understood that not only a cutting operation may be performed on the wire, but also a sequence of different operations e. g. for shaping the nail, spike etc. , before the individual items are separated. Also, during said se- quence of operations, following means may be used to stabilize, support and/or transport the wire. Also, more than one wire may be processed at a time, for instance two or three parallel wires. Following means for more wires may be placed on one block.