FIELD

Some described examples relate to a modular subsea manifold system for connection to a header pipe.

BACKGROUND

Manifolds are used in subsea oil and gas production for comingling and/or distribution of flow between one main bore and one or more branches/flow paths, such as pipelines or fluid conduits. For example a manifold may be used when comingling the flow of several hydrocarbon production wells into one common pipeline, or when distributing injection medium from one pipeline into several wells and/or or other locations throughout a system of pipework.

In systems such as subsea pipework systems, the main bore is typically referred to as the “header”. The header can include, for example, a system for the connection of pipelines at one or both ends, and may be an integral part of the pipeline. The header may also include one or more valves for controlling a flow of fluid therethrough.

The connection of several manifolds to a single pipeline is common. As such, a header may be designed (e.g. dimensioned) to account for more flow than the branches/flow paths in one specific manifold alone may account for. In traditional manifold design, there may exist tie-in points for several branches, all aligned in the same direction, going back to a header (e.g. a horizontally oriented header). This design may mean that each of the branches are unique, and/or that each of the branches must be tailored to the requirements of each specific manifold. This may therefore increase the cost involved and may make standardisation difficult.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description given below. The detailed description and specific examples disclose preferred examples of the disclosure by way of illustration only. Those skilled in the art understand from guidance in the detailed description that changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the disclosure. Hence, it is to be understood that the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular component parts of the device described or steps of the methods described since such device and method may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the articles "a", "an", "the", and "said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of such elements unless the context explicitly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a unit" or "the unit" may include several devices, and the like. Furthermore, the words "comprising", "including", "containing" and similar wordings do not exclude other elements or steps.

One example described herein relates to a modular manifold system for connection to a header pipe, the manifold system comprising: a central hub comprising a header pipe connection, the header pipe connection defining a flow port permitting fluid communication between a header pipe and the central hub; a conduit connection arrangement located on the central hub, for connection of a conduit thereto and defining a flow port permitting fluid communication between the central hub and a connected conduit; a module connection arrangement located on the central hub, the module connection arrangement defining a flow port permitting fluid communication between the central hub and a connected module.

A second example relates to a modular manifold configurable to be connected to a header pipe such that the module connection arrangement is located above the conduit connection arrangement. The module connection arrangement may be positioned so as to permit a module to be mounted or stacked upon the central hub. As such, the addition of a module, or modules to the modular manifold system may have the effect of expanding the modular manifold system in a vertical direction, thereby conserving space in the offshore location in which the modular manifold system is positioned (e.g. on the seabed).

A third example relates to a modular manifold system comprising a module connected to the module connection arrangement, and wherein a component of the weight of the module acts in the direction of the module connection arrangement.

A fourth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the connected module comprises a further conduit connection arrangement in fluid communication with the flow port of the module connection arrangement. A fifth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the connected module comprises a plurality of further conduit connection arrangements, having an even circumferential spacing about a centre of the connected module.

A sixth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the central hub comprises two header pipe connections, at least one of which is configurable as a fluid inlet, and one of which configurable as a fluid outlet. The central hub may additionally or alternatively comprise a first header pipe connection to a first header pipe, and a second header pipe connection to a second header pipe. Flow from the first header pipe connection may be able to be mixed with flow from a second header pipe connection in the central hub. In some examples, the central hub, the first and second header pipe connection and/or the first and second header pipe may comprise an isolation valve, thereby permitting flow between the central hub and the first and second header pipe to be selectively isolated. For example, the flow may be isolated between the central hub and the first header pipe, while flow between the central hub and the second header pipe is permitted.

A seventh example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the central hub comprises at least two conduit connection arrangements.

An eighth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the at least two conduit connection arrangements have an even circumferential spacing about a centre of the connected module.

A ninth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the at least two connection arrangements are circumferentially spaced 180 degrees from one another.

A tenth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the connected module and the central hub define a central axis extending therethrough, and the with the axis of the flow port of the module connection point being parallel to the central axis, and the axis of the flow port of the conduit connection point being at right angles to the central axis.

An eleventh example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the connected module comprises four circumferentially evenly spaced further conduit connection arrangements about the central axis, and the central hub comprises two circumferentially evenly spaced conduit connection arrangements about the central axis, and at least one of the further conduit connection arrangements is offset by 45 degrees relative to at least one of the connection arrangements. A twelfth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the central hub comprises a body comprised of multiple components.

A thirteenth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein the header pipe connection comprises a header valve for controlling fluid flow therethrough, and the conduit connection arrangement comprises a conduit valve for controlling fluid flow therethrough.

A fourteenth example relates to a modular manifold system, comprising a module connected to the module connection arrangement, the module comprising a further conduit connection arrangement, and wherein the further conduit connection arrangement comprises a module valve for controlling fluid flow therethrough.

A fifteenth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein each of the header valve, the conduit valve and the module valve comprise an actuator arrangement, each of the actuator arrangements extendable from the respective valve, and towards an actuator plane.

A sixteenth example relates to a modular manifold system, wherein each of the actuator arrangements are telescopically extendable towards the actuator plane.

A seventeenth example relates to a modular manifold system, comprising a valve control arrangement, having an interface with the actuator arrangements, at least part of which interface lies in the actuator plane.

A second aspect relating to the described examples relates to a method for installing a modular manifold system on a header pipe, comprising: providing a header pipe for connection of the manifold system thereto; providing a modular manifold system comprising a central hub, the central hub comprising: a header pipe connection for connection to the manifold connection point of the header pipe; a conduit connection arrangement for connection of a conduit thereto, and defining a flow port permitting fluid communication between the central hub and a connected conduit; a module connection arrangement, the module connection point defining a flow port permitting fluid communication between the central hub and a connected module; connecting a header pipe to the header pipe connection of the modular manifold system; orienting the modular manifold system such that the module connection arrangement is located above the conduit connection arrangement.

A second example relating to the second described aspect relates to a method for installing a modular manifold system according to claim 18, comprising connecting a module to the central hub, such that a component of the weight of the module acts on the central hub.

A third example relating to the second described aspect relates to a method for installing a modular manifold system according to claim 18 or 19, comprising controlling fluid flow through the conduit connection arrangement and the header pipe arrangement via a valve control arrangement.

A third aspect relating to the described examples is of a subsea conduit, comprising: a plurality of modules distributed therealong, each module comprising: a valve therein and a valve actuation arrangement; a fluid port; a connection arrangement for connection of a secondary component thereto; wherein the secondary component is configurable to receive a fluid flow from the fluid port, and the valve is operable to selectively restrict fluid flow through at least one of the subsea conduit and the fluid port.

A second example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit wherein the height of each of the plurality of modules is between one and four times the diameter of the subsea conduit.

A third example relating the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the valve is configurable between an open position in which flow is permitted through both the fluid port and the subsea conduit, and a closed position in which fluid flow though the subsea conduit is permitted and fluid flow via the fluid port is restricted.

A fourth example relating the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the valve is configurable to an intermediate position, in which position fluid flow through the subsea conduit is restricted, and fluid flow is diverted from the subsea conduit and through the fluid port. A fifth example relating the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein in the intermediate position, the valve diverts substantially all fluid flow from the subsea conduit and through the fluid port.

A sixth example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the plurality of modules is evenly distributed along the subsea conduit.

A seventh example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the subsea conduit is for transport of hydrocarbon fluids.

An eighth example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the secondary component is connected to a first of the plurality of modules and a second of the plurality of modules.

A ninth example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, configurable to permit a flow of fluid from a first of the plurality of modules to a second of the plurality of modules via the secondary component.

A tenth example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein the secondary component comprises a fluid treatment arrangement.

An eleventh example relating to the third described aspect relates to a subsea conduit, wherein each of the plurality of modules is a modular manifold system according to the first described aspect.

A fourth aspect relating to the described examples relates to a method for diverting a flow of fluid from a subsea conduit, comprising: providing a subsea conduit having a plurality of modules distributed therealong, each module comprising: a valve therein and a valve actuation arrangement; a fluid port; a connection arrangement for connection of a secondary component thereto; connecting a flow diversion arrangement to a first and a second of the plurality of modules via the connection arrangement; configuring the valve, using the valve actuation arrangement, to permit fluid flow through the fluid port on each of the first and second of the plurality of modules; flowing a fluid from the first of the plurality of modules to the second of the plurality of modules via the flow diversion arrangement.

A second example relating to the fourth described aspect relates to a method wherein the valve is configurable between a closed position, in which fluid flow through the fluid port is restricted, and an intermediate position in which fluid flow through the fluid port is permitted, and fluid flow through the subsea conduit is restricted.

A third example relating to the fourth described aspect relates to a method wherein the flow diversion arrangement comprises a fluid testing arrangement.

A fourth example relating to the fourth described aspect relates to a method wherein the flow diversion arrangement comprises a fluid treatment arrangement.

A fifth example relating to the fourth described aspect relates to a method wherein the flow diversion arrangement comprises a fluid pump.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above objects, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, will be more fully appreciated by reference to the following illustrative and non limiting detailed description of example embodiments of the present disclosure, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1A and 1 B show an example of a modular subsea manifold system in isometric and sectional views.

Figures 2A and 2B show an adapted version of the example of Figures 1 A and 1 B.

Figures 3A and 3B show a further adapted version of the example of Figures 2A and 2B.

Figure 4 is a further example of a modular subsea manifold system in an isometric view.

Figures 5A illustrates the modular subsea manifold system of Figure 4, with a module attached thereto, in both isometric and sectional views.

Figures 5B-5C illustrate sectional views of Figure 5A. Figure 6 illustrates two of the modular subsea manifold systems of Figure 4, attached to a conduit.

Figure 7 illustrates the modular subsea manifold system of Figure 4 being used in a bypass configuration.

Figures 8a-e illustrate a modular subsea manifold system in a dual header pipe arrangement.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred example embodiments of the disclosure are shown. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in other forms and should not be construed as limited to the herein disclosed embodiments. The disclosed embodiments are provided to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to the skilled person.

Illustrated in Figure 1 A is an example of a modular subsea manifold system 10. As depicted in this example, the modular subsea manifold system may comprise a central hub 12, a header pipe connection 14 which may be or comprise a header communication means, at least one conduit connection arrangement 16 (although in this example, two conduit connection arrangements 16 are shown) which may be or comprise a manifold interface communication means, and a module connection arrangement 20 which may be or comprise a module communication means.

The header communication means may comprise the header pipe connection 14, and may comprise any additional features necessary for enabling fluid communication between the central hub 12 and a header pipe as will be described in the following paragraphs. For example, the header communication means may comprise a connection means such as a bolted or threaded connection means, and a flow port (for example, the connection means may be located around the periphery of the flow port). The manifold interface communication means may comprise the conduit connection arrangement 16 and any additional features necessary for enabling fluid communication with a manifold interface, such as a conduit and associated connection means (e.g. bolted connection, threaded connection etc.), a fluid port and in some examples may comprise a valve situated between the central hub 12 and a manifold interface. The module communication means may comprise the module connection arrangement 20 and any additional features necessary for enabling fluid communication between a module and the central hub 12, for example threaded, bolted, stab-in connection means, a fluid port and the like.

The central hub 12 may comprise a body, or a housing, comprising of a single component. In the examples shown in Figures 1A and 1 B, the central hub 12 comprises a single component. In other examples, the central hub 12 may comprise a housing comprising or defined by a plurality of components, such as two components. Such a plurality of components may be attached in any appropriate way, for example by bolting, welding, chemical bonding, or the like.

The central hub 12 may also define a flow path 18. Dependent on the geometry of the central hub 12, the flow path 18 may extend between at least two of the header pipe connections 14, the conduit connection arrangement 16, the module connection arrangement 20, or all three thereof. As shown in the example of Figures 1A and 1B, the central hub 12 defines a flow path 18 extending between all three of the header pipe connection 14, the conduit connection arrangement 16 and the module connection arrangement 20. The flow path 18 may be considered to comprise two separate flow paths - a manifold flow path that extends from the header pipe connection 14 (e.g. the header communication means) and the conduit connection arrangement or the manifold interface communication means, and a module flow path, which extends from the header pipe connection 14 and the module communication means.

The flow path 18 may comprise or define a header flow port 22 at the header pipe connection 14, may comprise or define a conduit flow port 24 which may also form part of the conduit connection arrangement 16, and may comprise or define a module flow port 26. In the example shown, the central hub 12 has the shape of a rectangular prism, although the skilled reader would appreciate that other shapes of central hub 12 may be possible, for example other shapes of prism.

Included for ease of reference, Figure 1 A includes a header axis 28, which extends in line with the axis of a header pipe 30, and through the central hub 12. As shown in Figure 1A, the header pipe 30 may connect to the central hub 12 at the header pipe connection 14. In this example, the header pipe 30 is connected to the header pipe connection 14 via a plurality of bolts or screws. However, other types of connection would be possible, such as a threaded connection. Additionally integrated into the header pipe is a header valve 25, which comprises an actuator 27 extending perpendicularly relative to the header pipe 30, and in an upward direction in this example. As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the module connection arrangement 20 is positioned on a top surface of the central hub 12, and may be horizontally oriented. As such, it may be possible to land an additional module onto the module connection arrangement 20 once the central hub has been positioned in a subsea location, and may also be possible to subsequently disconnect and retrieve an additional module. Other examples of module connection arrangement 20 may be possible. For example, the module connection arrangement may be oriented at an angle to the horizontal, or may be vertically oriented. The module connection arrangement 20 may be located on the central hub such that, when a module is connected thereto (not shown in Figures 1 A or 1 B), a component of the weight of the module may act in the direction of the central hub 12, and/or the module connection arrangement 20. As such, a connected module may be supported by the central hub 12, such that the module is effectively stacked upon the central hub 12.

One or multiple modules may be supported by the central hub 12. For example a module may be itself able to be connected to a further module, such that the modules are able to be stacked one on top of the other (e.g. vertically stacked). Such stacking may more make more efficient use of available space, as a reduced are of the seabed is required to support the manifold system. In addition, each of the modules may be of a standard design, and may be simply stacked onto another module or central hub. As such, the modular manifold system may be expanded by addition additional modules as building blocks. The central hub and the modules may be of standard design, thereby reducing the cost associated with their production, as well as the complexity associated with their installation, as one single process is required in order to install further modules.

Any appropriate connection between a connected module and the module connection arrangement 20 may be possible. For example, the connection may be a stab-in type connection, or the module may be connected via a bolted or threaded connection. Where the module is stacked on the central hub 12 as described above, the weight of the module acting on the central hub 12 may assist in the connection thereof. To assist in the connection, the module connection arrangement 20 may provide a connection profile, or threaded holes for a bolted connection thereto. In some examples, the module connection arrangement 20 may simply comprise a fluid port. Illustrated in Figures 1A and 1 B is a connection arrangement 32 comprising blind holes in the central hub 12, which may be used to bolt or screw a module to the central hub 12.

Extending in a lateral direction from the central hub 12, relative to the direction of the header axis 28, is a conduit valve arrangement 34. The conduit valve arrangement comprises a housing comprising a valve therein. The valve may be, for example, a ball valve, a butterfly valve, a gate valve, or the like. The valve is actuated by an actuator 36, which in this example extends from the conduit valve arrangement 34, as is described in more detail below.

The conduit valve arrangement 34 is located adjacent the conduit flow ports 24, and permits control of fluid flow through the conduit flow ports 24 in the central hub 12. In the example of Figures 1A and 1 B, the conduit valve arrangement 34 is illustrated as a separate component to the central hub, and may be connected by any appropriate connection, such as bolting, chemical bonding, welding or the like. However, the skilled person will appreciate that the conduit valve arrangement 34 may also be integrally formed with the central hub, such that it is a single component.

As illustrated, the subsea manifold system 10 comprises two conduit valve arrangements 34, corresponding to one for each conduit flow path 18. However, the skilled reader will appreciate that any number of conduit valve arrangements 34 may be possible, which may correspond to one conduit valve arrangement for each conduit flow path 18. In this example, the conduit valve arrangements 34 are evenly circumferentially spaced, such that they are located at approximately 180 degrees from one another, and at approximately 90 degrees from the header pipe 30. Such a spacing may facilitate connection of further conduits to a centralised location, while minimising the risk of interference between adjacent conduits and the header pipe 30, for example.

Extending from the housing of the conduit valve arrangement 34 is the valve actuator 36. The valve actuator 36 may permit actuation of the valve of the conduit valve arrangement 34 by, for example, permitting turning or lifting of said valve. The valve actuator 36 may be able to be disconnected from the housing of the conduit valve arrangement 34, for example for replacement of the valve actuator 36 or the valve. The valve actuator 36 may be connected to the valve actuator housing, for example by screwing or bolting.

The valve actuator 36 may comprise an actuator extension mechanism 38, to permit the valve actuator 36 to be extended or contract, for example extended or contracted so as to be coupled with an actuation device such as a robot, or other actuation device. The actuator extension mechanism 38 as shown in this example is a telescopic actuator extension mechanism, which comprises a connector section sildably engaged with a hollow cylinder such that translational movement, and optionally rotational movement, therein is possible. The valve actuator 36 may extend from the valve arrangement 34 in a vertical direction, or a substantially vertical direction. In this example, the valve actuator 36 is positioned above the valve arrangement 34 and extends in an upward direction. The weight of the valve actuator 36 is supported by an upper surface of the valve arrangement 34, in this example is shown an upper surface of a housing of the valve actuator 36. The actuator extension mechanism 38 may permit linear extension of the valve actuator 36. The linear extension of the valve actuator 36 may be in the same direction from which the valve actuator 36 extends from the housing of the conduit valve arrangement 34. In one configuration, each of the actuator extension mechanisms 38 may extend such that a portion of the valve actuator 36 that is couplable to an actuation device lies in, or is substantially aligned with, an actuator plane. Such a configuration may enable an actuation device to be positioned so as to operate both valve actuators 36 without requiring repositioning of such a device. Further, the actuator 27 of the header valve 25 may comprise a similar actuator extension arrangement, thus also allowing coupling of the header actuator 27 to an actuation device lying in an actuator plane.

As shown in both Figures 1A and 1B, extending radially from each actuator is a conduit 35. The conduit may comprise a connector arrangement, for connection to a further conduit, pipe, etc., and the conduit may be detachable from the valve arrangement 34 (or central hub 12, where the valve arrangement 34 is integrally formed with the central hub 12). The conduit being detachable may be advantageous, for example if the manifold system 10 or central hub 12, requires to be transported. Equally, the header pipe 30 may comprise connector arrangements, for connection of a conduit thereto.

As illustrated in Figure 1A, the conduit 35 extends in a direction that is perpendicular to the header axis 28. The direction of the extension of the conduit 35 is substantially coplanar with that of the header axis 28, and the header pipe 30. While straight sections of conduit 35 are shown, it should be understood that alternative shaped sections (e.g. curved) may be possible.

Now referring to Figures 2A and 2B, there is illustrated the manifold system 10 shown in Figures 1A and 1 B, but with an exemplary module 40 connected thereto. As the manifold system 10 is the same as that previously described, this description will not be repeated.

In this example, the module 40 is connected to the module connection arrangement (not shown at a position above the central hub 12, such that a component of the weight of the module 40 acts in the direction of the central hub 12. A major, or main, component of the weight of the module 40 may act on the central hub 12, or all of the weight of the module 40 may act on the central hub 12. Having at least some of the weight of the module 40 acting on the central hub 12 may assist to secure the module 40 to the central hub 12. In addition, having a larger portion of the weight of the module 40 acting on the central hub 12 may reduce forces acting in other directions, and may therefore reduce shear forces and shear stresses acting on components of the module connection arrangement.

As shown in Figure 2A, the module 40 comprises a central module 42 which defines a module inlet port 44. When the module 40 is connected to the central hub 12, the module inlet port 44 is positioned proximate, or in contact with, the module connection arrangement, such that fluid communication is permitted between the module flow port 26 (see Figures 1A and 1B) of the central hub 12 and the module inlet port 44 of the module 40. In this example, the module inlet port 44 is positioned on a lower surface of the central module 42, although the skilled reader will appreciate that other configurations are possible, and may depend on the relative position of the module connection arrangement. When the module 40 is positioned on the central hub 12, the module flow port 26 and the module inlet port 44 are aligned, to facilitate fluid flow therebetween.

Once connected, the central module 42 and the central hub 12 may define a central axis 46, which has been illustrated for reference. In this example, the centre of the module flow port 26 and the module inlet port 44 is aligned with the central axis 46, although the skilled reader will appreciate that other locations of the module inlet port 44 and the module flow port 26 are possible that are not aligned with the central axis 46. Extending form the module inlet port 44, and defined by the central module 42, is a flow path. In this example, the flow path is concentric with the central axis 46, and takes the form of a central bore through the central module 42. The skilled reader that other configurations of flow path are possible, which may vary, for example, depending on the shape of the central module and the location of the module inlet port 44.

Positioned laterally relative to the flow path, and from the central axis 46, are conduit flow ports 48, each of which provide fluid communication between the flow path and an external location. In this case, the conduit flow ports 48 permit fluid communication to a conduit valve arrangement 50, in a similar way to the conduit flow ports 24 providing fluid communication to the conduit valve arrangement 34 of Figures 1A and 1 B. In this example, there are illustrated four conduit flow ports 48, each of which are connected to a corresponding conduit valve arrangement 50. More or fewer conduit flow ports and corresponding conduit valve arrangements 50 may be possible, for example, one, two, three or five. Each of the conduit valve arrangements 50 comprise a conduit 52 extending radially therefrom. In this example, the conduits have a stepped shape, initially extending from the conduit valve arrangement 50 in a radial direction perpendicular to the central axis 46, before extending in a downward direction, and then finally extending once again in a radial direction. This permits a connection arrangement, e.g. for connecting each conduit 52 to a further conduit or device, to be located substantially coplanar to the header pipe 30 and the conduit 35 as illustrated, and previously described in further detail in relation to Figures 1A and 1 B. Having a substantially coplanar orientation may assist in connection (e.g. the coupling) of the conduits 35, 52 to an external device or conduit. In one example, it may result in less bending and stresses acting on a pipe or conduit connected thereto.

The conduit flow ports 48 and corresponding conduit valve arrangements 50 may have an even circumferential spacing, as shown in this example. Here, the conduit flow ports 48 are spaced at approximately 90 degrees to one another. The conduit valve arrangements 50 extend from, and are positioned radially outwardly of, conduit flow ports 48.

As illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, each of the conduit valve arrangements 50 of the central module 42, and the conduit valve arrangements 34 of the central hub 12 extend radially from the central axis 46, with the conduit valve arrangements 50 of the central module 42 being located above the conduit valve arrangements 34 of the central module 12. As in previous Figures 1A and 1B, the conduit valve arrangements 34 are positioned at approximately 90 degrees from the header pipe 30. In the configuration shown, the conduit valve arrangements 50 of the central module 42 are circumferentially offset by approximately 45 degrees compared to the conduit valve arrangements 34 of the central module 12. As each of the conduit valve arrangements 50 of the central module 42 are circumferentially spaced at approximately 90 degrees relative to each other, each is also spaced at approximately 45 degrees from the header pipe 30. The configuration shown may provide a plurality of connection points to a centralised location on a header pipe 30, while permitting conduits or devices to be connected thereto without, or with minimised interference between, adjacent devices.

In this example, the conduit valve arrangements are attached (e.g. coupled) to the central module 42, which may be by any appropriate means such as bolting, welding, chemical bonding, or the like.

In common with the conduit valve arrangements 34 of the central hub 12, each of the conduit valve arrangements 50 comprises a valve actuator 54. The valve actuators 54 of the described example are substantially similar to the valve actuators 36 described in relation to Figures 1A and 1 B, in that they are able to be attached to the conduit valve arrangements 50, and in this example are attached to an upper surface thereof. The valve actuators 54 also comprise an actuator extension mechanism 56, permitting linear extension of at least a part of the actuator 54, and the actuator extension mechanism 56 may be a telescopic actuator extension mechanism. As illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, the actuator extension 56 mechanism may permit alignment of a portion of each of the valve actuators 54 (e.g. a portion that allows the actuator to be coupled to an actuation device) to lie in an actuator plane. The actuation plane may be the same as that described in relation to Figure 1A. This particular configuration of actuators 54 having actuator extensions may allow the actuators 38 and the actuators 56 to be actuated by a single device, such as an actuation device, which is able to couple to the actuators 38, 56 in said actuation plane.

The central module 42 also comprises a module connection arrangement 45, which may be similar to the module connection arrangement 20 shown on the central hub 12. In this case, the module connection arrangement 45 may be used to connect a further module 42 thereto, which may enable a user to provide the subsea manifold system 10 with additional conduit valve arrangement 50, if required. Such additional valve arrangements 50 may be angularly offset from those already positioned, which may permit ease of actuation of each valve arrangement 50. As depicted, the module connection arrangement 45 is located on an upwardly facing surface of the central hub 12. In this case, the module connection arrangement 45 comprises a port and a means for securing a connected module thereto. However, in other examples, the module connection arrangement 45 may simply comprise a port. Optionally, the module connection arrangement 45 may comprise a sealing mechanism, to seal a port therein from the external environment. Such a sealing mechanism may be in the form of a plug.

In addition, the module connection arrangement 45 may permit a degree of intervention through the manifold system. For example, the module connection arrangement 45 may permit the introduction of tooling or chemicals therethrough. Tooling such as cabling and/or sensors may be inserted through the module connection arrangement 45, which may be used to perform operations, for example operations in the header pipe 30, or may be used to asses a quality of a fluid flowing in the header pipe 30.

Figures 3A and 3B illustrate a manifold system 110, which is in many respects is similar to that described in Figures 1A-2B. As such, alike reference numerals have been used, augmented by 100. In common with previously described examples, the manifold system 110 of Figures 3A and 3B comprises a header pipe 130 as well as conduits 152 and conduits 135. In this example, a central module 142 is located towards the centre of the manifold system 110, and comprises four conduit valve arrangements 150 and two conduit valve arrangements 134. The conduit valve arrangements 134 and corresponding conduits 135 extend radially from the central module, and in this example are circumferentially offset from the header pipe by an angle of 45 degrees. The conduit valve arrangements 150 and corresponding conduits 152 extend radially from the central module 142 circumferentially offset from the header pipe by an angle of 90 degrees.

While angles of 45 and 90 degrees are described above, it should be understood that these values may be an approximation of a more precise angle, which may vary from those stated by several degrees (e.g. one degree, two degrees, five degrees, etc.). Additionally, other circumferential spacings of the conduit valve arrangements 134, 150 and corresponding conduits 135, 152 are possible, as are alternative numbers of such components.

As shown in this example, each of the conduits 135, 152 and the header pipe 150 extend from the manifold system 110 and are connected to a support frame 160. The support frame 160 comprises a main body 162, which supports the manifold system 110, as well as a number of platforms 164, 166, each of which support a conduit connector 168, 170, and may function as a manifold interface for connection of a conduit or external component to the manifold system 110. Here, the platforms 164 are vertically oriented (i.e. such that a conduit protrudes therefrom in a vertical direction), such that they may be considered to be vertical manifold interfaces. Conduit connectors 168 each support a connection that links a conduit valve arrangement 134, 150 to an external component (e.g. a further conduit or device) via conduit 152. Conduit connectors 170, which may be considered to be header connectors, connect the header pipe 130 to a further component (e.g. a conduit or device). In this example, the header connectors 170 are larger than the conduit connectors 168. Having support frame 160 and platforms 164, 166 may enable each of the connectors 168, 170 to be positioned facing a desired direction. In the example shown the connectors 168, 170 are facing vertically upwards, although the skilled person will understand that other configurations are possible, for example the connectors 168 could be configured to face an angle to the horizontal.

In the example of Figures 3A and 3B, as well as in the previously described examples, the manifold system has a centralised configuration (e.g. taking the form of a star, or a clock) surrounding a single point (e.g. a single module connection arrangement) on the attached header pipe 30, 130. A user may benefit from the described centralised configuration, in that it provides a single location at which further conduits and/or equipment may be connected, rather than having to sequentially connect further conduits and/or equipment along the length of the header pipe. In addition, such a configuration may enable the user to operate within a more loosely defined tolerance threshold than in a configuration whereby further conduits and/or equipment are required to be connected along the length of the header pipe. For example in the current configuration, since there are many possible conduit/equipment connection points surrounding a single location, where a connection component (e.g. a conduit or piece of equipment) is too long or too short to connect to one conduit connection point, then it may be of an appropriate length to connect to an adjacent connection point. In contrast, a configuration having multiple single conduit connection points distributed along the length of the header pipe would require much more tightly toleranced equipment.

In Figures 4 and 5A-B, there is illustrated a further example of a manifold system 210. This example comprises many features in common with that of Figures 1A-2B. As such, alike reference numerals have been used, augmented by 200.

In this example, a central hub 212 is shown having a rectangular prism shape. In the orientation shown in the example, two conduit valve arrangements 234 are connected to opposite side faces of the central hub 212. As in previous examples, the valve arrangements 234 are illustrated as being separate from the central hub, although other configurations may be possible such as the valve arrangements 234 being integrally formed with the central hub 212. Partially visible in Figure 5A, and similar to the described Figure 2B, the central hub 212 comprises a central bore extending therethrough, and conduit flow ports 224 (not visible in Figure 4, see Figure 5A) are located laterally with respect to the central bore. In this example, the central bore is concentric with central axis 246 (see Figures 5B and 5C). Also similar to previous examples, each of the valve arrangements 234 comprise a valve actuator 238 extending from an upper surface thereof, and a connected conduit 235 extending from a lateral surface thereof. The valve actuator 238 comprises and actuator extension mechanism 256, which enables extension of a portion of the actuator 238 towards an actuation plane, as described in previous examples. In addition a module connection arrangement 220 is located on an upper surface thereof, as was the case in the previously described examples.

In the example of Figure 4, the central hub 212 comprises a single header pipe connection 214, which is located on a lower surface of the central hub 212. The header pipe connection 214 comprises a section of conduit, extending vertically downwardly from the central hub 212 in this example, and terminating in a connection portion. The connection portion may comprise a lip, rib, groove, indent or other feature for facilitating connection with a header pipe 230. In contrast to the example shown in Figure 1A-2B, this manifold system 210 has a single connection to the header pipe 230. As such, the header pipe 230 comprises a manifold connection module 280, which comprises two connections 282 to the header pipe 230, and one manifold connection 284, which is located on an upper surface of the manifold connection module 280. As such, the manifold system 210 may be connected to the manifold connection module 280 at an upper surface thereof, such that a component of the weight (e.g. some or all) of the manifold system 210 acts upon the manifold connection module 280.

Having a manifold connection module 280 may permit a header pipe 230 with such a module to be installed in a subsea location, and then for the manifold system 210 to be landed on the manifold connection module 280 if and when required. Although in this example, the connection module 280 is illustrated as comprising a valve (as will be described), the manifold connection module 280 may simply be a module with a fluid port and connection means, sealed by a pressure cap until it is required to connect the manifold system 210. In such examples, a valve arrangement may be positioned either side of the manifold connection module 280 so as to permit fluid isolation of the connection module 280 during connection with a manifold system 280. In operation this configuration may be advantageous, as it may permit an initial larger vessel to be used to install the header pipe 230 in a desired location, and then the manifold system 210 may be subsequently installed using a smaller, less expensive and more easily manoeuvrable vessel, thereby saving costs and decreasing the complexity of the operation. The manifold system 210 (or a module that is connected to the manifold system) may also be able to be disconnected and retrieved, for example using such a vessel, and a pressure cap replaced on the connection module 280, such as when the manifold system 210 requires to be replaced, serviced or repaired.

The configuration shown in Figure 4 may enable the manifold system 210 to be easily connected to the header pipe 230 by simply lowering the manifold system 210 onto the manifold connection module 280. The header pipe connection 214 may be profiled such that it is able to fit inside a receiving profile of the manifold connection 284. Alternatively or additionally, the manifold system 210 may be held in place on the header pipe 230 by a clamping mechanism, or a fastening mechanism (e.g. one comprising screws or bolts).

Although not shown in this example, the manifold system 210 may be surrounded by, and optionally supported within, a guide frame. The guide frame may assist to connect the central hub 212 to the manifold connection module 280 by providing, for example, an anchor point for a means for positioning the central hub 212 on the connection module 280. Although depicted as having a rectangular prism orientation, then skilled person will appreciate that other geometries of the manifold connection module 280 may be possible. For example, the manifold connection module 280 may have a cylindrical shape or an irregular shape, comprising flat surfaces and/or curved surfaces. The manifold connection module 280 may comprise a surface profiled to mate with a correspondingly profiled surface of the central hub 212, which may facilitate engagement between both, and/or may prevent rotation therebetween. As illustrated, the manifold connection module 280 is of a comparable height to the diameter of the header pipe 230. For example, the manifold connection module 280 may have a height of between 1 and 2 times the diameter of the header pipe 230, between 2 and 3 times the height of the diameter of the header pipe 230, between 3 and 4 times the diameter of the header pipe, or the like. Having a manifold connection module 280 having a relatively small diameter may be beneficial, for example, when performing operations on the header pipe 230, and/or on the manifold connection module 280. For example, at times, a tensioner may be required to be run across the header pipe 230. Wherein the manifold connection module 280 has a relatively small height (e.g. a relatively small build height), then such a tensioner may be able to pass over the manifold connection module 280 in the pipe with little or no intervention. Whereas, were the manifold connection module 280 to be larger, this might impede movement of a tensioner along the header pipe 230, thereby resulting in longer and more expensive down time.

In Figure 5A, the manifold system 210 is illustrated with a module 240 attached thereto. Figure 5A is an analogous example to Figure 2A described previously. Similar to the previous example, the module 240 is positioned on top of the central hub 212 and comprises four conduit valve arrangements 250, which are offset at 45 degrees relative to the two conduit valve arrangements 234 attached to the central hub 212. In this example, the conduit valve arrangements 234 are offset at 90 degrees relative to the header pipe 230, although the skilled person will understand that in this example, and in the previously described examples, other values of offset may be used, and the values used are not limited to those in the described examples. Further, each of the conduit valve arrangements 234 are offset via rotation about a central axis 246 (see Figures 5B and 5C). However, additional offset about an alternative axis may be possible - for example about an axis extending perpendicularly to the central axis 246.

Each of the conduit vale arrangements 234, 250 comprises an actuator 238, 254, mounted on top thereof. Further, the connection module 280 also provides a valve actuator 290. In this example, the valve actuator 290 extends approximately horizontally, and in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the header pipe 230. As in previous examples, conduits 235 and 252 are arranged such that connection portions thereof are located in a single plane. In this example, and in previous examples, the conduits 252 comprise a stepped portion to achieve this effect. However, it should be understood that instead conduits 235, or both conduits 235, 252, may comprise a stepped portion to achieve the same effect.

In common with the central hub 212, the module 240 additionally comprises a module connection arrangement 220, which in this example is located on an upwardly facing surface thereof. Although not illustrated in Figure 5A, a further module 240 may be connected to the module connection arrangement 220, which may be the same as, or different to, the module 240. As such, further conduit valve arrangements may be incorporated into the manifold system 210 in this way, which may also be angularly offset those illustrated.

As in the previously described examples, the module connection arrangement 45 may permit a degree of intervention through the manifold system 210, for example by way of introduction of tooling or chemicals therethrough. Optionally, the module connection arrangement 45 may comprise a sealing mechanism, to seal a port therein from the external environment. Such a sealing mechanism may be in the form of a plug.

Further illustrated in Figure 5A is an attachment mechanism 286, for attaching the header pipe connection 214 to the manifold connection 284. As in previously described examples, the attachment mechanism 286 may comprise a fluid port and a means for attaching a further component thereto, or may simply comprise a fluid port (and the means for connection thereto may be located on the object to be connected). As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, the manifold connection 284 is brought into abutment with the header pipe connection 214. In the example of Figure 5A, a clamping mechanism is used to secure the module 240 to the header pipe 230.

Figures 5B and 5C illustrate a cross sectional view of the manifold system 210 shown in Figure 5A. As these figures contain many features in common with previously described figures, for the sake of succinctness, description of identical features will not be repeated. In this view, internal detail of the manifold connection module 280 is shown. The illustration of Figures 5B and 5C are similar except that in Figure 5B there is illustrated a valve 288 in the manifold connection module 280 in a position blocking fluid flow to the central hub 212, where as in Figure 5C, the valve 288 is an a position that permits fluid flow to the central hub.

As illustrated, the valve 288 located inside the connection module 280 is in the style of a ball valve. The valve 288 may permit fluid flow through the module 280, e.g. from one side of the connected header pipe 230 to the other. The valve 288 may also optionally permit fluid communication from the connection module 280 towards a connected module 240, via manifold connection 284. In the depicted example, the valve 288 is able to be actuated such that in one configuration, a flow path extends from the connection module 280 to the module 240, and in another configuration, the module 240 is isolated from fluid flow in the connection module 280 and the associated header pipe 230. Actuation may be provided by an external actuator 290 (best viewed in Figure 5A), such as by rotation of an external actuator 290.

Using the configuration shown in Figures 5B and 5C, a user may be able to block flow from the connection module 280 to the manifold system 210, and also permit flow thereto, when required. When flow is blocked to the manifold system is blocked, with the valve 288 in the configuration shown in Figure 5B, disconnection of the manifold system 210 may be possible - in which case a sealing arrangement may be provided directly onto the connection module 280. In practice, connection module 280 and valve 288 may permit a user to have a subsea conduit, such as a header pipe, having a connection module 280 (or having multiple connection modules 280, distributed therealong) that may be held in a closed position until their use is required. This may involve having the valve 288 of the connection module 280 in the closed position (as shown in Figure 5B) for years before requiring configuration of the valve towards the open position (as shown in Figure 5C) for use.

Figure 6 illustrates two of the modular subsea manifold systems of Figure 4, attached to a conduit, which may be a header pipe. Here, each of the modular subsea manifold systems 210 are substantially identical, and are connected to a conduit 230 (hereinafter referred to as a header pipe) each via a module 280. As is illustrated, each of the subsea manifold systems 210 comprises a central hub 212 having a conduit valve arrangement protruding therefrom, which comprises a valve actuator 238. Although the manifold connection 284 is shown as being open to the external environment, it may be possible to affix a sealing mechanism thereto. In both cases, the valve 288 is shown in a position so as to permit fluid flow to the manifold system 210. However, as in the previous figures, it may be possible to actuate the valve 288 so as to restrict, or block, fluid flow to either or both of the manifold systems 210.

The subsea manifold systems may be installed on a header pipe 230, or another section of conduit, in a subsea location and remain in place until their use is required, thereby providing easy access to the header pipe/other conduit when required, without having to perform any additional work on said conduit. Figure 7 illustrates the modular subsea manifold system 210 of Figure 5 being used in a flow diversion, or bypass, configuration. As shown, both valves 288 of this system 210 are in an intermediate configuration, which permits diversion of flow from the header pipe 230 and towards, for example, a subsea manifold system. As in previous examples, the subsea manifold system 210 comprises a central hub 212 with a conduit valve arrangement protruding therefrom. In addition, each of the subsea manifold systems 210 are connected to a secondary system 300 such that fluid flow is permitted from a first subsea manifold system 210 to a second subsea manifold system 210, and optionally vice versa, before flowing back into the conduit 230. In this way, the connected subsea manifold systems 210 and the secondary system may form a flow diversion arrangement. With the valves in the intermediate position, flow may therefore be blocked, or restricted, from flowing along a section of the conduit 230, and instead by diverted to the flow diversion arrangement.

The secondary system 300 may take many forms. For example, the secondary system may be a chemical injection point, such that a fluid flowing therethrough is able to be chemically treated. The secondary system may be a chemical testing station, enabling a fluid flowing therethrough to be tested for some reason (e.g. for a hydrocarbon composition of the fluid flowing therethrough to be tested, for the presence of sulphates, water content etc. in a hydrocarbon fluid to be tested, etc.). Such a secondary system may additionally comprise a pump, for example, in order to draw the fluids from the conduit 230.

In practice, a user may use the conduit 230 for a long time (e.g. for many years) with the valves 288 positioned to restrict fluid flow externally from the conduit 230 (e.g. as shown in Figure 5B). At some point, it may be necessary to divert at least a portion of the fluid from the conduit 230, for example to treat the fluid or test some property of the fluid. In this case, a flow diversion arrangement may be connected to a first and a second of the modules 280, and the valves 288 configured to an intermediate position so as to permit fluid flow through the flow diversion arrangement. Once flow diversion is complete, a user may be able to once more reconfigure the valves 288 to a position in which flow of a fluid from the conduit 230 is not permitted, and previous operation of fluid flow in the conduit 230 may continue.

Although not illustrated in any of the described examples, the modular manifold system may integrated (or at least partially integrated) within a frame or template, also comprising other components and/or equipment. For example, the modular manifold system may be integrated within a frame which, in the subsea environment, may additionally comprise subsea or Christmas tree or wellhead structures. In one case, a modular manifold system may be integrated into a central location on a frame, having multiple (e.g. two, three, four etc.) Christmas trees integrated into the frame around the periphery of the modular manifold system. Such an integrated configuration may assist in providing connection between the modular manifold system and the other components/equipment that is integrated into the frame or template. For example, the frame may permit a user to have a more accurate knowledge of the length of conduit required to connect a Christmas tree to a modular manifold system.

In an alternative example, the modular manifold system may be positioned in a subsea environment independently of any frame comprising subsea components/equipment such as Christmas trees and wellheads. In this example, it may be possible to connect a Christmas tree to a modular manifold system via a subsea jumper connection.

Illustrated in Figures 8a to 8e are further examples of a manifold system 310. The examples of Figures 8a to 8e illustrate a manifold system 310 being connected to a dual header pipe arrangement 330a, 330b. In Figure 8a, two manifold systems 310 can be seen, with each being connected to both the first header pipe 330a and the second header pipe 330b via a first and a second header pipe connection 314a, 314b on the central hub 312. Each header pipe connection 314a, 314b is connected to the respective header pipe 330a, 330b via a header connection conduit 372a, 372b. Each of the header connection conduits 372a, 372b comprise an isolation valve therein, which may enable flow therethrough to be either blocked or permitted, thereby permitting each manifold system 310 to be isolated from each header pipe 310a, 310b if required.

In the example of Figure 8a, each of the central hubs 312 also comprises a conduit connection arrangement 316 with a conduit connected thereto. The conduit connection arrangements 316 each have a conduit 335 connected thereto, with each conduit 335 comprising a conduit valve arrangement 334, which may either permit or restrict (e.g. block) flow through the conduit 335. The conduit 335 connects the conduit connection arrangement 316 to a manifold interface 364, which may permit connection of an external component or conduit to the manifold system 310. As the conduit valve arrangement 334 (which may be an isolation valve) is positioned between the manifold interface 364 and the central hub 312, the conduit valve arrangement 334 may be used to selectively permit or restrict flow between manifold interface 364 and the central hub 312. The conduit 335 extends from the central hub in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the header pipes 330a, 330b, and extends above the header pipes 330a, 330b such that the manifold interface is located adjacent to one of the header pipes 330a, 330b and on the opposite side of the header pipe compared to the central hub 312. This configuration may provide ease of access to the manifold interface 364, and ease of fluid communication with the central hub 312, which may be located between the header pipes 330a, 330b so as to reduce the space required, or more efficiently use available space, when positioning the manifold system 310.

In contrast to previous examples (see Figure 3A, for example), where the manifold interface 364 was vertically oriented, in this example the manifold interface is horizontally oriented (i.e. oriented such that a conduit protrudes therefrom in a horizontal direction), although it should be understood that in other examples, a vertically oriented manifold interface may be used.

Similar to previously described examples, each of the header pipes 330a, 330b comprises a header interface 366a, 366b which may be used to connect the header pipes 330a, 330b to a subsea piping system.

Although in the example of Figure 8a no module is connected, each of the central hubs 312 comprises a module connection arrangement 320, which in this example is located on an upwardly facing surface of the central hub 312. As such, a user may be able to land a module onto the central hub 312, and connect the module to the module connection arrangement 320. The module connection arrangement 320 may be considered to be, or be part of, a module communication means, which may comprise connection means (e.g. stab-in connection means, bolted or threaded connection means, for example) and may comprise a fluid port to permit fluid communication between a connected module and the central hub 312.

A dual header pipe arrangement may be required for various reasons, for example in cases where fluid is being produced or injected at different pressures, or where the pressure of produced/injected fluid is too high to be held in one header pipe. In operation, the manifold system 310 may be used in combination with a dual header system to provide a user the ability to access fluid flow in multiple header pipes, and may assist in production thereof, or injection of a fluid thereto. The conduit valve arrangement 334 may be operated in order to permit fluid communication between the manifold system and either or both of the header pipes 330a, 330b, which may permit a user a high degree of control over production and injection of a fluid using the manifold system 310.

Figures 8b to 8e illustrate various alternative configurations of the manifold system 310 of Figure 8a. For example, in Figure 8b, two central hubs 312 are illustrated, each with two conduits 335 extending therefrom. As in previous examples, each of the conduits comprises a valve therein. However, rather than the conduits 335 extending largely perpendicular to the header pipes 330a, 330b, the largest portion of each of the conduits extends parallel to the header pipes 330a, 330b. This configuration permits the header pipes 330a, 330b to be arranged closer together, and the manifold system 320 has a more compact arrangement than in Figure 8a. In some circumstances, such an arrangement may be considered to use space more efficiently than the arrangement of Figure 8a. Other such similar arrangements are also possible, such as that illustrated in Figure 8c.

In Figures 8d and 8e, a manifold system is illustrated in which there are two central hubs 312a, 312b (in common with the previous examples), in which a second central hub 312b is stacked on top of a first central hub 312a. Each of the central hubs 312a, 312b comprises a connection to the first header pipe 330a and to the second header pipe 330b, and as such, each header pipe comprises two connections to a central hub 312a, 312b, in common with previous examples. However, in this example, the stacking of one central hub 312a on top of another 312b further permits a user to save space. In this example, the central hubs 312a, 312b are not themselves in fluid communication, although due to their proximity it may be relatively simple to fluidly connect the first central hub 312a to the second 312b. Similar to previous examples, the central hub 312b is illustrated with a module connection arrangement for optional connection of a module thereto.

The person skilled in the art realises that the present disclosure is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. The person skilled in the art further realises that modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. Additionally, variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by the skilled person in practicing the claimed disclosure, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.

The subject matter described above may additionally be summarised in the following numbered clauses.

CLAUSES

CLAUSE A1. A manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) for connection to a header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330), comprising: a central hub (12, 212) comprising header communication means (14, 214) for fluid communication with a header pipe (30, 130, 230. 330), module communication means (20, 220) configurable to provide fluid communication with a disconnectable module (40, 240) and manifold interface communication means (16, 216) configurable to provide fluid communication with a manifold interface (164, 168, 364); the central hub (12, 212) comprising a manifold flowpath extending between the header communication means (14, 214) and the manifold interface communication means (16, 216), and a module flowpath extending between the header communication means (14, 214) and the module communication means (20, 220); wherein the module communication means (20, 220) permits connection and disconnection of a module (40, 240) thereto so as to maintain fluid communication at the header communication means (14, 214).

CLAUSE A2. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A1, wherein the central hub (12, 212) defines the manifold flowpath and the module flowpath.

CLAUSE A3. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A1 or A2, wherein the header communication means (14, 214) comprises a fluid port configurable to permit fluid flow into the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) or from the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330).

CLAUSE A4. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A1 or A2, wherein the header communication (14, 214) means comprises an inflow fluid port for fluid flow into the central hub (12, 212) from a header pipe (30, 130, 230. 330) and an outflow port for fluid flow out of the central hub (12, 212) to a header pipe (30, 130, 230. 330).

CLAUSE A5. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of any of clauses A1 to A4, wherein the module connection means (20, 220) permits connection and disconnection of a module (40, 240) thereto while maintaining a fluid flow in the manifold flow path.

CLAUSE A6. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of any of clauses A1 to A5, comprising a module (40, 240) connected to the central hub (20, 220) and in fluid communication with the module communication means (20, 220).

CLAUSE A7. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A6, wherein the connected module (40, 240) comprises a conduit connected thereto, the conduit comprising a manifold interface.

CLAUSE A8. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of any of clauses A1 to A7, wherein each of the header communication means (14, 214), the module communication means (20, 220) and the manifold interface communication means (16, 216) comprise a fluid port.

CLUASE A9. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of any of clauses A1 to A8, wherein the manifold interface communication means (16, 216) of the central hub (12, 212) permits fluid communication between the central hub (12, 212) and a first manifold interface, and between the central hub (12, 212) and a second manifold interface.

CLAUSE A10. A method for establishing fluid flow between a manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) and a header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330), comprising: providing a header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) for connection of the manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) thereto; connecting the manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) to the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330), and establishing fluid communication between a central hub (12, 212) of the manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330); establishing fluid communication between a manifold interface and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) via a manifold flowpath in the central hub (12, 212); establishing fluid communication between a module communication means (20, 220) and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) via a module flowpath in the central hub (12, 212), while maintaining fluid communication between the central hub (12, 212) and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330).

CLAUSE A11. The method of any of clauses A10 comprising connecting a disconnectable module (40, 240) at the module communication means (16, 216) and providing a fluid flow between the disconnectable module (40, 240) and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330), and providing a fluid flow between the manifold interface and the header pipe(30, 130, 230, 330).

CLAUSE A12.The method of clause A10 or A11 comprising providing the fluid flow from the disconnectable module (40, 240) to the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330), and providing the flow from the manifold interface to the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330).

CLAUSE A13. The method of any of clauses A10 to A12 comprising providing the fluid flow from the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) to the disconnectable module (40, 240), and providing the fluid flow from the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330) to the manifold interface.

CLAUSE A14. The method of any of clauses A10 to A13 comprising disconnecting a disconnectable module (40, 240) from the module communication means (16, 216) while maintaining fluid flow between the manifold interface and the header pipe (30, 130, 230, 330).

CLAUSE A15. A manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) for connection to a dual header pipe arrangement, comprising: the manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A1, wherein the header communication means (14, 214) is configured to be in fluid communication with a first and a second header pipe (330a, 330b).

CLAUSE A16. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A15, comprising a first central hub (312) and a second central hub (312), each of the first central hub and the second central hub (312) comprising a first header communication means (372a) for fluid communication with the first header pipe (330a), and a second header communication means (372b) for fluid communication with the second header pipe (330b). CLAUSE A17. The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of clause A16, wherein the second central hub (312) is stacked on the first central hub (312).

CLAUSE A18.The manifold arrangement (10, 110, 210, 310) of any of clauses A15 or A17, the header communication means comprising a first header conduit (372a) extending between the central hub (312) and first header pipe (330a) and a second header conduit (372a) extending between the central hub (312) and the second header pipe (330b), wherein the mid section of the first header conduit (372a) and the mid-section of the second header conduit (372a) are parallel to the respective first and second header pipe (330a, 330b).