MULTI-PURPOSE MODULE OR CONTAINER OR BLOCK PREPARED FROM MIXED WASTE PLASTIC, PLASTIC TYPE RESINS AND RELATED POLYMER

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to a multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer originated from any source including municipal solid waste. The present invention further provides a method of converting such mixed waste plastic or polymer or recycled plastics or resins or combination thereof, into an environment friendly product useful for construction of roads, footpaths, etc. The present invention provides rapid natural degradation of such mixed waste plastic in environmentally friendly manner.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The growth in utilization of plastic has been increasing every year many fold. As a result plastic waste is a growing concern and the drivers behind it look set to continue. Attempts made to decrease in plastic production or use is on, however, this is unlikely to be maintained. Plastic is a highly useful material and its applications are expected to increase as more new products and plastics are developed to meet demands. As plastics are inexpensive, lightweight and durable materials, which can readily be moulded into a variety of products that find use in a wide range of applications. As a consequence, the production of plastics has increased markedly over the last 60 years (Jefferson Hopewell et al., Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2009) 364, 2115-2126). However, current levels of their usage and disposal generate several environmental problems. The increased use and production of plastic in developing and emerging countries is a particular concern, as the sophistication increases, their waste management infrastructure may not be developing at an appropriate rate to deal with their increasing levels of plastic waste. The applications cover areas such as food, medical, garments, packaging are already occupied by verity of plastic and its derivatives. As a result total amount of plastic waste is increasing every year. However, most plastics cannot rapidly degrade in environment and thus, become a major waste in garbage and dangerous for the environment and to the human health. The immediate major taken to dispose the waste plastic is landfill; however, it is not a long term solution and may prove environmentally dangerous.

The plastic are well categorized in 7 different categories. Moreover, Waste plastics are found in several forms. In one form, bulk masses of particular identified plastic materials are produced as waste in the plastics industry. One of the form of plastic is found to be discarded articles and containers. In other kind of plastics, particularly plastic bags and plastic bottles are collected in recycling activities. Recycled plastic bottles are classified according to a nationally organized identification system known as the Plastic Container Code System (PCCS) into seven classes that are being identified by markings on the bottles. These contain distribution of plastic as per their properties (Web Referencehttp://www. plasticseurope.org/information-centre/news/news- 2011/plastics-manufacturers-call-for-ban-on-landfill-in-euro pe.aspx).

Usually the corresponding classes for recycled plastics are class 1 and class 2and in few of the cases these include classes 4, 5 and 6, as well but it gets sorted from the general mass collection of recycled material or separately collected, however such separate collection and sorting add to the cost of processing. It is important note that the mixtures of recycled plastics from more than one of the PCCS classes particularly materials from class 7 and from class 3 when mixed with material from other classes of material may lacking its utility due to its properties and hence routed to landfills due to non-uniformity in mixing with. Such materials have lacked an alternative use or manner of disposition cause of concern.

PET or Number 1 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Polyethylene Terephthalate and include water bottles, and containers for soft drinks, jam and butter jars. The plastics falling under this category of recycling codes are very tough and resistant to moisture. Curbside recycling programs often pick these up. Confirm that with your district's program coordinator today.

HDPE or Number 2 Plastics - These are plastics made up of High Density Polyethylene and include milk and juice bottles, shampoo bottles and water pipes. The plastics falling under this category of recycling codes are resistant to moisture and permeable to gas.

PVC or Number 3 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Polyvinyl Chloride and include cling films, PVC pipes and certain juice bottles. The plastics falling under this category of plastic recycling codes are easy to blend and well suited for tough conditions. These plastics are usually not recycled as it is usually very expensive to recycle with the current technology. Moreover, there may not be enough of such items to justify their recycling.

LDPE or Number 4 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Low Density Polyethylene and include frozen food bags, bread, shopping bags and tote bags. The plastics falling under this category of plastic recycling codes are easy to seal and fairly resistant to moisture. These plastics are usually not recycled as part of the curbside recycling programs.

PP or Number 5 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Polypropylene and include kitchenware, medicine bottles, diapers, straws and syrup bottles. The plastics falling under this category, are resistant to heat and chemicals, and offer good resistance to moisture.

PS or Number 6 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Polystyrene and include CD cases, disposable kitchenware, meat trays and egg cartons. Make sure to check with your curbside recycling program - some programs include these while others don't process these.

Other or Number 7 Plastics - These are plastics made up of Polycarbonate or Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and include some water bottles, DVDs, nylon substances, baby milk bottles and various types of electronic casings. These are traditionally not recycled. -The waste plastic is mixture of all these and other contaminants of solid waste as well.

Additionally, the increasingly short lifetime of products that use plastic, especially electronic goods, means that more plastic waste is being produced in today's upgrade-and-dispose culture. A key example of this is the mobile phones; its plastic components contain several toxic substances. Although these substances are not at levels to cause immediate risk, if quantities increase and end-of-life management is inadequate, such as the open burning often practiced in developing countries, there is potential for environmental pollution and human health impacts (Plastic Waste: Ecological and Human Health Impacts, EU Report 2011).The methods reported in literature previously for recycling waste in addition to requiring the waste to be separated, generally, require the separated waste to be clean. This is a major problem as waste is generally dirty and cleaning procedures are expensive, time consuming and can cause further damage to the environment through the use of detergents and other cleaning products.

Another alternative such as disposal of plastic waste by incineration is not environmentally friendly, which leads to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions even though incineration can generate energy. Moreover, incineration of plastics still has some drawbacks, such as high capital and maintenance cost. An alternative process to decompose plastic Waste to generate energy and useful gaseous products is gasification. However, a conventional gasification process releases tars, heavy metals, halogens and alkaline compounds etc., and causes environmental problems. Another effort to utilize plastic waste, which seems to be promising, is the pyrolysis of plastic waste, resulting in a mixture of hydrocarbons of heavy oils and olefins, however, cost, and quality of the product is still an issue.

The increasing need to dispose of or find new uses for previously used or recycled plastics and waste plastics has given incentives to efforts to introduce plastics from waste sources into building or paving materials, either to facilitate their disposal where it is hoped that their introduction does not degrade building or paving material and does not increase its cost, or where it is hoped that their introduction ill provide a cost effective improvement in the properties of the building or paving materials. Work has been done to utilize low density plastic and films of selected and graded recycled plastic materials as an additive to the asphaltic binder component of asphaltic concrete paving material in an effort to improve the flexibility and reduce the propensity of the paving material to crack.

This effort requires that the recycling task to collect suitable plastic material be selective, or that the material be specifically sorted from a general mixture of recycled plastic material. Such recycled plastic material has a cost that is significantly greater than that of the general ungraded or unsorted recycled plastic material mixture or of the residual recycled plastic material from which more useful grades have been removed (US Patent No 6000877).

Indian patent application no. 7987/DELNP/2006 teaches method for processing plastic waste to obtain matrix material, the matrix material and the composite material. The said documents discloses a method for producing matrix material from thermoplastic wastes originating from communal and industrial rubbish. The base material plastic waste is cleaned, depending on its solid contamination, after the possible primary cleaning step, the plastic waste is inputted into a recovering machine, where, due to the pressure in the recovering machine and the heat transmitted to the material, the waste becomes a largely melted mixture, the said largely melted mixture is transferred into a heated internal mixing machine where the material is intensively mixed while adding heat, and if required, the melted material is transferred into a making up machine where matrix material blocks or matrix material products are produced.

Indian patent application no. 1541/CHE/2008 teaches non-biodegrdable waste soild blocks. The non-biodegradable wastes collected from the trash are exposed to controlled temperatures. In this stage, certain wastes tend to melt and some are in the non-melting state. These are compressed under high pressure so as to form blocks. They are then given a plastic coating which seals the block further.

Indian patent application no. 1472/MUM/2009 (IN259577) teaches manufacture of building blocks from industrial waste. Said documents teaches that said building blocks using industrial waste, comprises blend of the industrial waste by mixing at least one type of industrial waste in the proportion of 10-90% weight on a wet basis with binding material in the proportion of 10- 30% weight of weight basis, wherein, the binding material comprises of at least Portland cement, fibrous cellulosic product processing industry waste or Effluent Treatment Plant sludge. Thus said method involves mixing of the plastic waste with building material.

Indian patent application no. 4429/CHE/2012 teaches process of disposing harmful plastic and solid waste in hollow cement concrete products. Said invention provides a process of disposing harmful plastic and solid waste in hollow cement concrete products. Such waste is segregated separately and heated to a temperature of 150 degrees centigrade. This heat converts it to liquid/semi-liquid state. This liquefied plastic waste is injected into a concrete hollow block or similar storage units. A hole is provided in these concrete containers at an appropriate place for injecting the liquefied plastic waste. Once the hollow concrete product is fully filled with this plastic/paper waste semi-liquid, the hole provided is sealed with appropriate cement/glue, to make it air-tight. This ensures that the stored waste becomes chemically inactive.

Indian patent application no. 220/CHE/2003 teaches waste polymer-granite blend for block making. Waste plastics and aggregate mix having waste plastics up to 20 -30 parts by weight, and the aggregate 80-70 parts by weight is made into a hard block, choosing proper machinery. A process of manufacturing the above said waste polymer -granite blend comprises sorting and cleaning of waste plastics. Shredding the film to the required size. Heating the granite to 170 - 180 deg.C. Mixing uniformly calculated quantity of waste plastics to the hot granite. Pressing, cooling and finishing the block. Transferring the mix to the mould prepared by the above process can be used as road side block, sea erosion block etc. Thus said method involves mixing of the plastic waste with building material.

Indian patent IN246060 teaches a process for the preparation of waste plastic modified bitumen useful for rut resistant and water resistant bituminous mix for road construction. The said patent teaches a process for the preparation of waste plastic modified bitumen useful for rut resistant and water resistant bituminous mix for road construction. More particularly it relates to utilisation of waste plastic bags for modification of bitumen to obtain 'Polymer Modified Bitumen' used for construction of roads. The bituminous mixes prepared using waste plastic modified bitumen has higher resistant to rutting compared to other modified bitumen and conventional bitumen. In the process powdered plastic waste 2 to 8 wt% of bitumen are added in standard bitumen, mixture is stirred at 1000 to 3000 rpm for 25 to 40 minutes and further 0.15 to 0.25 % of hydrogenated tallow is added for better homogeneity of blend to obtain the desired product

Proposals to use specific waste plastics as additives to asphalt mixes have had the disadvantage of requiring specific collection of the individual material or the sorting of the desired material from the generally collected plastic Waste. Such efforts calling for specific plastics are there for costly.

The processes of prior art for employment of plastics in asphalt mixes has presented various problems. This is mainly due to the plastic additives having lacked an ability to bond to or combine with the asphalt binders of the mix. Over a period of time such bonding goes weak and material will be of no use. In order to address this problem a chemical treatments have been proposed, but such treatments have been ineffective add to the cost and introduce additional noxious and toxic sub stances into the process aggravating the waste disposal problems. Hence such process are have disadvantage in terms of quality of the material. Furthermore, such efforts do little to solve the problem of utilization of vast unsorted, un-sortable or unclassified bulk mixtures of plastic Waste.

Accordingly, there remains a need for a development of low cost product for enhancing the use of residual plastic Waste, particularly unclassified or un-separated materials or materials of mixed classes.

The present invention aims to provide a novel method for the utilization of the waste plastic and polymers by converting it into an innovative product capable of being used in the construction of roads. The present inventions overcome such issues of binding of plastic with asphalt concrete and accommodate all PCCS types (1 to 7) plastics.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The primary object of this invention is to provide a process for utilizing waste plastics and polymers.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a process of the utilization of the waste plastic and polymers to prepare multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer at low cost that can be used with asphalt concrete or bitumen mixture.

of convert ng ½aste plastic ex polymer or recycled plastics or resins or comb nation thes-eof, :Pto an environment friendly product useful for construction of roads, footpaths, etc.

Further object of the present invention is to prepare multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer which can successfully degrade over a period of time when used under the road base.

Further object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing multi-purpose module /container/ block from contaminated, mixed plastic wastes suitable for use in road, footpaths, paths, constructions, thereby increasing the value of the resultant recycled plastics and help in reducing the disposal issues of waste plastic in environmentally friendly way.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a low cost solution for the safe disposal of the increasingly accumulating amounts of non-environmentally friendly plastic waste.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a use for recycled or waste plastic materials and combinations of materials of more than one class, classes 1 through 7.

Another objective is to obtain product that can accommodate varying percentage of different kind of waste plastic.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a use for recycled or waste plastic materials, particularly class 6 and class 7 PCCS materials along other combinations of PCCS materials of more than one class. Further object of the present invention is to utilize all types of waste plastic to minimize the waste plastic disposal issues and increase its utilization in road and or footpaths or similar types of construction economically there by reducing the cost of waste plastic utilization.

Another object of the present invention is to utilize the product as to build a waterproof road base thereby protecting the road damage from ground water either percolated by rain or capillary effect.

Another object of present invention is to prepare multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins wherein the waste plastic can be used as a lamination or coating on solid brick of asphalt mixture or bitumen and stone mixture or material used for pavement or roads, footpaths.

Another object of present invention is to prepare multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins wherein fresh plastic or its polymer forms or polymers or waste plastic can be used as a lamination or coating, may be in cylindrical, rectangular, square, sphere or all those shape which are geometrically possible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a multi-purpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer comprising the hollow blocks/containers/modules of waste plastic filled with filling material such as road paving mixture or concrete or bitumen or asphalt or similar material.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the hollow module /container/block is open from one side and is sealed with lid/cover once filled with the filling material.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the hollow module/container/block is open from one side and once filled with the filling material is used without sealing. According to another embodiment of the invention, waste plastic comprises domestic plastic waste, industrial waste plastic material, polymers or polymer type material content, municipal solid plastic waste, scrap plastic materials, or waste plastic originated from any source, etc.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the hollow block/container/module comprises mixture of all types of plastic under category 1 to 7 and the composition ratio of categories may vary from 0 to 100%.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the hollow block/container/module is tailored and manufactured in varying dimensions and all geometrically possible shapes with volume up to 100 m ³ .

According to another embodiment of the invention, the weight of filling material, concrete or bituminous or asphalt or any suitable material used in road construction, is up to 1000 kgs per block.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the filling material comprises bitumen, crushed stone of different particle size, other asphalt material, sulphur, sludge, soil, lime stone or binders, etc.

According to another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing multipurpose module /container/ block from mixed waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer f comprising:

- segregation of the waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer from non- plastic/polymer waste;

- shredding the said waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer and converting into a slurry or semi liquid;

pressing or moulding the particles under pressure and heat to form a module or sheet for making a module or hollow module or block of predetermined shape and size;

- optionally applying pre-determined heat and pressure to obtain sheets/block/container/module with homogenous consistency;

- filling said hollow block/container/module with road paving mixture or concrete or bitumen or asphalt or similar material; and - optionally sealing the said block/container/module to form a solid block/container/module.

According to another embodiment of the invention, all types of waste plastic are mixed and melted or pressed together under pressure and heated till it form and predetermined shape and size.

According to another embodiment of the invention, said method requires no or minimal washing of the plastic.

According to another embodiment of the invention, said method is a continuous process of melting and moulding. The moulds are prepared manually or through automation.

According to another embodiment of the invention, suitable additive may be added to the shredded mixture to provide strength.

According to another embodiment of the invention, said module are made from a mould type method.

According to another embodiment of the invention, sealing of the block/container/module is optional and is done with the same material or paving mixture or concrete or bitumen or asphalt or similar material.

According to another embodiment of the invention, said module is used in laying under road basement, embankment structure, footpaths, as one of the supporting layer.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the multi-purpose module from waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer act as water resistant medium for road base and protect the road base material and enhance the road life.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the multi-purpose module from waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymer are arranged in the form of tower having individual units connected one over above. According to another embodiment of the invention, the multi-purpose module from waste plastic is laid empty and the filled with the paving mixture or concrete or bitumen or asphalt or similar material for construction of road.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the multi-purpose module from waste plastic as and when connected to each other and used for road construction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure la Container with cover

Figure lb Filled Container

Figure lc Covered and sealed blocks

Figure Id Aligned blocks ready to use for laying

Figure 2: Illustrative sketch of the various modules of the product made from waste plastic and filled with solid aggregate material. The container will be covered with lid on filling. Lid not shown in figure above.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process of converting waste plastic or polymer or recycled plastics or resins or combination thereof, into an environment friendly product useful for construction of roads, footpaths, etc.

In another embodiment the segregation of plastic component should be done prior to processing the plastic. The segregation of plastic amongst the plastic need not be done as the final product can be a combination of all types of plastic waste.

In another embodiment the washing of segregated plastic waste in not required, the as received waste plastic can be converted in slurry and the product can be molded in desired shape.

In another embodiment any material contain therein on segregation of solid waste and plastic waste which can be treated as a contaminant/s, for other domestic applications such as desks, buckets, mugs and alike, may be a part of final product used current process.

In another embodiment any material which can be molded in terms of container and having polymer as a raw material can also form the product. This may include electronic waste also. In another embodiment, contaminants which are dangerous and not desirable to be part of the product made from waste plastic for human handling can be a part of current product.

In another embodiment if the presence of contaminant/s which is beyond the permissible limit and causes the hindrance in product formation needs to be diluted or removed.

In another embodiment in some cases if the washing needs to be done, same water can be used for multiple times so water can be saved. The used water can be filtered and reused for washing again.

In yet another embodiment the a product can also called as "module" or "container" or "pocket" or "pouch" or "block" can prepared from mix of fresh or unused plastic or polymers or waste plastic from type 1 to 7.

In another embodiment the mixture of all types of plastic waste collected will be melted at elevated temperature or till the uniform slurry formed. Once the uniform mixture formed then it will be molded as per requirement.

In another embodiment the mixture can also be prepared from fresh plastic waste plastic or polymers or waste plastic of type 1 to type 6 and or type 1,2,3,4,5 and/or 2 to 6 and/or 2 and/or 3 and /or 4 and/or 7.

In another embodiment the composition of types of plastic in fresh or used or waste garbage is not limited to specific numbers but any combination with any percentage is possible.

In another embodiment the waste plastic collected and segregated in any composition from type 1 to 7 can be directly used as a raw material. The final product can be prepared with any of the existing plastic molding methods.

In another embodiment the product can be formed by means of blow molding, injection blow molding, and injection molding techniques patented. In an embodiment of the invention the product in use may be multilayer including a hollow body and all are connected within. The hollow body is formed from said first layer, said second layer, said third layer, and said fourth layer of plastic. The filling of solid or liquid is possible in all the layers.

In another embodiment the container with any type of lid and mouth or cover opening can be used. On filling the container with desired mixture of asphalt or bitumen mix the lid should be fixed and make the container leak proof. A mechanical seal can be tightened over the filled block to protect the lid.

In another embodiment the container mouth seal and lid configuration can withstand the rigors of freezing, yet which is leak-resistant before opening and use. The lid includes tamper- evidence, and is easy to remove, even when the container and contents are still frozen.

In addition, the container and lid allows reapplying the lid onto the container after partial withdrawal of the contained product, or for other purposes.

In another embodiment, the container will be filled with liquid, semi liquid or combination of both. The container can also be filled with solid, semi-solid or combination of both and finally sealed such that it will leak proof.

In another embodiment the container can be filled with partly liquid and partly solid, or solid in combination of liquid and semi liquid. It may be filled with solid and partly semi solid. It may also be filled with liquid, semi liquid, solid, semi-solid in various proportions.

In another embodiment the container can be filled either will 100 % liquid or semi liquid or solid or semi-solid. A gel type of solid may also be a part of the system.

In another embodiment the container can be completely filled with crushed stone particle of various sizes. It may also be filled with lime stone crush completely or partly with stone crush.

In another embodiment it may be filled with sand and/or gravel and/or and slag either completely or partly or in combination. In another embodiment the container may also be used by filling of clay and/or peat, thick gravel bases or Portland cement.

In another embodiment it can also be filled with concrete which is the product of mixing, aggregate, cement and water.

In another embodiment the container can be filled with bitumen only. The bitumen of all grades can be used.

In another embodiment the container may be filled with Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA), also referred to as Stone Mastic Asphalt, is widely used for paving road surfaces.

In another embodiment the container can be filled with Mixes containing bitumen are referred to as hot-paved or cold-paved asphalt base courses.

In another embodiment the container can be filled with all types and grades of premixed bituminous materials. Such bitumen or its mixture may also contain binders.

In yet another embodiment the solid blocks of asphalt concrete, mixture of bitumen, sand, crushed stone with or wither additives, binders, can be made and laminated or coated by plastic or polymer or waste plastic by appropriate method.

In another embodiment the container can be filled with refinery waste such as sludge in combination with other such hydrocarbons and can be used for laying.

In another embodiment in a structure comprising blocks as defined above, the blocks can be arranged adjacent to one another to form several layers, with the blocks of one layer staggered in relation to the blocks of the contiguous layers; the blocks can be connected with mechanical means, such as bolts, tie-rods or the like, and/or chemical means, such as adhesives, and/or by interlocking.

In yet another embodiment the design of can be such that the block itself has an, for example like bottle or juice can, or a flat roof type water tank, opening either full or part at any one side of the block. The pre mixed asphalt concrete mixture can be filled through such opening and can be tightened with the cover or cap of appropriate size.

In another embodiment the one block can have multiple opening also, either at one side of any other side of the block. The filling of road mixture in the block, for example bitumen mix or asphalt mix, of any mix that will be use in road base preparation or in pavement, can be done through all the openings. The road mixture prepared may be in varying proportion of sand and/or bitumen and/or additive and/or binder and/or stone crush.

In another embodiment channels or cavities can be formed by arranging the blocks at a suitable distance from one another. The block can be suitably designed such that they can interlock with channel and cavity model.

In another embodiment, the product according to the invention has an advantageous effect on the environment, since its preparation involves disposal of dangerous plastic waste. Furthermore no waste rising from the product after its utilization hence the invention is not as dangerous to the environment as the starting materials from which it is prepared, since it incorporates and fully covers the above-mentioned dangerous plastic waste basic materials.

In another embodiment as the product formed from the mixing of all types of waste plastic and cording to the report, due to difference in binding properties there is a tendency to separate, the product gradually start degrading itself underground over a period of time without any additional resources or cost, hence the invention is environmentally friendly.

In another embodiment the raw material as waste plastic or related polymer/s can be used from any available source on global basis and not limited to specific geographic source availability.

In another embodiment the application of multi-purpose module /container/ block is not limited to paving material or pre mixed asphalt concrete road base material only, but can also be used for any material in solid form, liquid form, semi solid form and semi liquid form or in combination thereof which needs to be buried underground or stored in isolation.

The present invention will now be explained with the help of the following examples, however; the scope of the invention should not be limited to them. It is to be understood that the above described embodiments are merely illustrative principles of the present invention and that many variations may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is, therefore, intended that such variations be included with the scope of the claims.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

An open top cube shape module/container with size 20 inch (width) by 20 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 2

A cube shape module/container with size 20 inches (width) by 20 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 3

An open top cube shape module/container with size 20 inches (width) by 20 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 4

A cube shape module/container with size 20 inches (width) by 20 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 5

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 10 inches (width) by 40 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 6

A cuboid shape module/container with size 10 inches (width) by 40 inch (length) and 5 inch

(wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in. Example 7

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 10 inches (width) by 40 inch (length) and 2.5 (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 8

A cuboid shape module/container with size 10 inches (width) by 40 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 9

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 32 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 10

A cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 32 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in. Example 11

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 32 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 12

A cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 32 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 13

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 42 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 14

A cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 42 inch (length) and 5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 15

An open top cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inches (width) by 42 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture. The module so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

Example 16

A cuboid shape module/container with size 32 inch (width) by 42 inch (length) and 2.5 inch (wall height) and thickness 10 mm for all sides having some volume is filled with bituminous mixture and sealed with the lid cover. The block so prepared sealed such that it becomes a semi leak proof or leak proof medium for the material filled in.

It will be understood by a person skilled in the art that although the paving block disclosed herein may be used in a variety of applications including but not limited to roads, footpaths only. It will further be understood by a person skilled in the art that the method disclosed herein may be used to manufacture objects other than paving blocks, for example, artificial ready to lay rode module and other articles. It will be still further understood by a person skilled in the art that many of the details provided above are by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention which is to be determined with reference to the claims.