"New Package for Instant Adhesives"

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1- Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a new closure mechanism for packages. The invention is especially suited for instant adhesive packages and more particularly, the

invention relates to a package for cyanoacrylates.

Cyanoacrylates can bond human skin; therefore, the adhesive package must be designed to prevent leakage. Also, because large surface areas can be bonded with minute quantities of adhesive, the package must be capable of accurately dispensing small quantities to exact locations. 2. Description of the Related Art

Although the invention relates to any package that requires a closure

mechanism, the invention will be described in terms of an adhesive package.

Currently, packaging of instant adhesives is done in aluminum tubes, pens and

bottles. However, in aluminum tubes, the tip often must be pierced with a pin to open the tube. This necessitates either packaging a separate pin with the tube, or asking the

user to find a pin or sharp object with which to open the tube. Typically users squeeze

the tube as they are trying to pierce the tip; therefore, when the opening is punctured,

unwanted adhesive will squirt out. This often creates a mess and can even be

dangerous depending on the type of adhesive contained in the tube. Other

disadvantages of tubes include the fact that the pierced tip easily clogs with adhesive

that has dried or cured, and that the user is never sure of how much adhesive is left in

the container. Pens have spring valves inside their tips which clog easily and also are

not capable of directly dispensing in tight locations.

Traditional bottle designs often have leakage problems, and do not accurately

dispense adhesive. Also, bottles frequently clog because stray adhesive partially cures

around the tip causing the cap to bond to the nozzle. This makes subsequent openings

of the bottle difficult. Some bottles have designs where the cap has a built in pin

which fits directly into the opening of the bottle similar to the present invention. In

these designs the user typically pulls the cap directly up and off the bottle. If the pin

bonds to the opening or the cap bonds to the nozzle, due to the buildup of stray

adhesive, the pressure applied to pull the cap up and off can cause the pin to break or

shear. Also, the user will typically squeeze the bottle while attempting to open it and

when the pin disengages from the opening, unwanted adhesive is liable to spurt out.

Bottles which employ a threaded cap are especially susceptible to having stray

adhesive cause unwanted bonding between the elements of the bottle because the

surfaces of the threads provide areas where the adhesive can accumulate. Again, if the

threaded cap design employs a built in pin, when the user tries to open a bottle in

which the pin has bonded to the opening, the pin will be subject to strong rotational

forces that can cause the pin to shear or break.

Therefore, there is a need for an instant adhesive package that does not require

a separate pin to open, discourages the bonding of the cap to the nozzle, opens easily

without breaking or shearing the pin even if the pin has been bonded to the opening of

the bottle or the cap bonded to the nozzle, is non-clogging, protects against leakage,

shows how much adhesive is left in the package and allows for precise dispensing of

the product.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a closure mechanism for a package which makes the

package easy to open and close, leak proof and non-clogging. Also, the package is easy to

dispense from, and provides a good shelf life for the product.

Other advantages of the invention will be better appreciated from a detailed

description thereof which follows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a package comprising a body and a cap in accordance

with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the package of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevational side view of the package of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the package of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the body of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an elevational view of the body of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is an elevational side view of the body of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the body of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the package of Fig. 3 taken along the line

9-9.

Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the package of Fig. 2 taken along the line

10-10.

Fig. 11 is a partial perspective view of the interior of the cap of Fig. 1.

Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the package of Fig. 1.

Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the upper portion of a second embodiment

of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a top plan view of a package of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the package of Fig. 1 in a partially disassembled

state.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the package of Fig. 1 in a partially disassembled

state.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the line 17-17 in Fig. 15 with the cap rotated

about 45 degrees about the axis.

Fig. 18 is partial perspective view of the disassembled package showing a third

embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a partial view of the package of Fig. 18 where the cap is not fully closed on

the body.

Fig. 20 is a partial view of the package of Fig. 18 where the cap is fully closed on the

body.

Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a partial elevational view of the disassembled body of Fig. 21.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the assembled package 10 comprises a cap 15 attached

to a body 20. The package 10 can be made of any non-permeable or air permeable material

depending on the characteristics of the product in the package. Preferably, for instant

adhesives, the package 10 is made from a polyethylene or polypropylene resin. The cap 15

may have a plurality of grooves 16 and preferably the grooves 16 are equidistantly spaced and

cover the entire length of the cap 15. The grooves 16 make the package 10 easier to grip and,

therefore, easier to open and close. As shown in Fig. 4, the top of the cap 15 may have a

molded in design. Figures 1 and 4 illustrate one possible design that consists of radially

spaced blades 17 in a cylindrical recess 18. Fig. 14 illustrates another design that consists of

a cylindrical recess 18 which contains in the center, a raised circular nub 19.

As shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the body 20 comprises at the upper end a tapered

nozzle 25 where the adhesive is dispensed and at the lower end a chamber 35, having a top

surface 34, where the adhesive is stored. The design of the nozzle 25 ensures good drain back

of adhesive, when the package 10 is in an upright position. Therefore, the chances of

adhesive remaining in the upper portion of the nozzle 25, crusting and eventually clogging

the opening of the package is decreased. The nozzle 25 has a tip 30 with an orifice 24, and

two superstructures: guide ribs 26 and a pair of guide flanges 27. A plurality of guide ribs 26

may be employed but, preferably, there are four equidistantly spaced ribs 26 parallel to the

axis of the body. The ribs 26 aid in the proper placement of the cap 15 over the nozzle 25

and, at the same time, allow for a package design that has less surface contact between the

nozzle 25 and the cap 15. This decreases the chances of having any stray adhesive that might

have dripped down the outside of the nozzle 25 bonding the nozzle 25 to the cap 15.

The guide flanges 27 are located below the ribs 26, at the base of the nozzle 25. Each

guide flange 27 has a horizontal lock member 28 and a vertical guide member 29 which is

perpendicular to the horizontal lock member 28. The vertical guide member 29 has at its

lower extremity a raised ramp portion 50 and also a guide surface 32, facing away from the

horizontal lock member 28 and a stop surface 31, facing the horizontal lock member 28. The

guide surface 32 is defined by the raised ramp portion 50 and the adjoining face of the

vertical guide member 29. The stop surface 31 is defined by the opposite face of the vertical

guide member 29. It is preferred to have two guide flanges 27 on the nozzle 25 spaced

equidistantly on opposite sides of the nozzle 25.

As can be seen from Figs. 9 and 10, the cap 15 fits over the nozzle 25 and rests on top

of the chamber 35. The exterior shape of the cap 15 mimics the shape of the nozzle 25,

having a narrower top and broadening as it reaches the chamber 35. The break away portion

of Figure 9 illustrates a plug 37 which comprises the bottom of the chamber 35. The plug 37

is designed to be snug-fitting and to prevent leakage. The body 20 may be a unibody,

meaning it may be molded in one piece or a multibody as shown in Figure 22 where the plug

38 and the body 20 are molded separately and then attached.

The cap 15 has a structured, mainly hollow interior. The upper portion 21 of the

interior of the cap 15 is preferably a cylindrical recess. The diameter of the upper portion 21

should be slightly larger than the diameter of the ribs 26 at their widest point, so that the cap

15 has a snug, non-interference fit with the guide ribs 26 of the nozzle 25. This is one part of

ensuring that the cap 15 is tight fitting. The lower portion 22 of the cap 15 is preferably a

tapered elliptical recess that follows the taper of the lower portion of the nozzle 25. The

interior uppermost surface 23 of the cap 15 contains a pin 40 which protrudes from the

uppermost surface 23 into the cylindrical recess of the upper portion 21 of the interior of the

cap 15 and the pin 40 is oriented along the central axis of the package 10. The pin 40 is

designed to fit snugly into the orifice 24 of the dispensing tip 30. The pin 40 keeps the

adhesive from leaking out of the top of the package 10 when the package 10 is placed in a

non-upright position. Also, the pin 40 serves a nonclogging function. When the cap 15 is on

the body 20, the pin 40 is ensconced in the orifice 24 which discourages adhesive buildup at

the tip 30 and each time the cap 15 is placed back on the body 20, the pin 40 will pierce

through any adhesive that might have crusted in and around the orifice 24.

The pin 40 can be made of any rigid material. Preferably, the pin 40 is made of either

plastic or metal. If desired, the design on top of the cap 15 can be varied to indicate what

material the pin 40 is made of. For example, the design defined by structures 17 and 18 on

top of the cap 15 shown in Fig. 4 could indicate that a plastic pin was being used and the

design defined by the structures 18 and 19 shown in Fig. 14 could indicate that a metal pin

was being used. The pin 40 can be molded in as a component of the cap 15 as shown in

Figs. 9 and 10 which employ a plastic pin 40, or overmolded or attached after molding as

shown in Fig. 13 which employs a metal pin 40.

As shown in Fig. 11, the interior of the cap 15 contains two stopping members 55 and

two band members 58. If the bottom of the cap 15 is viewed as an ellipse, the band members

58 are located at opposite ends of the minor axis (line a,a in Fig. 11) and extend throughout

the lower portion 22 of the cap 15, parallel to the axis of the cap 15. Each band member 58

has a slot 59 which has a width similar to the width of the horizontal lock member 28. The

slot 59 divides the band member 58 into an upper portion 61 and a lower portion 60. The

lower portion 60 is directly below the slot 59 extending from the bottom of the slot 59 to the

bottom of the cap 15. The slot 59 is located at the same height as the horizontal lock member

28 is, when the cap 15 is on the body 20.

Each stopping member 55 also extends parallel to the axis of the cap 15 throughout

the lower portion 22 of the cap 15. Each stopping member 55 has a vertical edge 56 which

extends along the entire length of the stopping member 55. The stopping members 55 are

located at opposite ends, one stopping member 55 is slightly above the major axis (line b,b in

Fig. 11) and the other stopping member 55 is slightly below the major axis, such that when

the cap 15 is fully closed on the body 20, the two vertical edges 56 of the stopping members

55 abut the two stop surfaces 31 of both vertical guide members 29. To achieve this

configuration, the distance from the axis of the body 20 to the vertical edges 56 of the

stopping members 55 must be greater in length than the distance from the axis of the body 20

to the outermost surface of the horizontal lock members 28.

As can be seen from Fig. 12, to open the package 10, the cap 15 must be twisted

about the axis of the body 20 generally no more than 30-60°. This twisting action slides the

band member 58 along the horizontal lock member 28 of one guide flange 27 towards the

guide surface 32 of the vertical guide member 29 of the other guide flange 27 and effectively

retracts the horizontal lock members 28 from the slots 59 of band members 58. As the band

members 58 approach the guide surfaces 32 of the vertical guide members 29, the lower

portion 60 of band members 58 hit the raised ramps 50 and start to ride up the vertical guide

members 29. This provides a structural lift which automatically raises the cap 15 up slightly

and also gently twists and lifts the pin 40 out of the orifice 24 of the nozzle 25. This is

known as the ramping feature of the present invention. Then the cap 15 can be easily pulled

directly up and off the nozzle 25. The stopping members 55, band members 58 and the guide

flanges 27 make up the closure mechanism of the present invention.

As discussed previously, preferably the pin 40 can be made of either metal or plastic.

Metal is often employed because it will provide a more rigid structure than plastic will.

However, metal does have disadvantages, for instance it is more expensive than plastic. In

addition, it takes more time to manufacture a package with a metal pin because one either has

to overmold the metal pin or attach it after the molding is finished as opposed to a plastic pin

which can be molded in with the rest of the package. Also, sometimes the contents of the

package might react undesirably with metal; e.g. certain adhesives are known to polymerize

in the presence of metal ion.

Whatever type of pin 40 is employed, the ramping feature will minimize the shearing

forces that act upon the pin 40 when the package is opened. The ramping feature is

particularly useful in packages where the contents have some degree of adhesiveness and

there is a chance that the pin 40 might adhere to the orifice 24 or the cap 15 adhere to the

nozzle 25. In these instances, depending upon the adhesive strength of the contents,

considerable force might be needed to dislodge the pin 40 or cap 15. As the cap 15 is

twisted,, the pin 40 turns in the orifice 24 and is retracted from the orifice 24 at relatively the

same time. In other words, the pressure required to open the package 10 is divided between

the force applied in the axial direction and the force applied around the axis of the package

10. This prevents too much force being applied in one direction, which can cause excessive

shearing or even breakage of the pin.

In contrast, in quick pull packages (packages where the user simply pulls the cap

straight up) which employ a pin in the cap, the cap would be lifted directly up and off the

nozzle, creating a strong unidirectional force along the axis of the package. In situations

where the pin is bonded to the orifice, this type of force can shear or break the pin. Threaded

top bottles which employ a pin in the cap, require the user to exert strong rotational forces

with only minimal axial forces to open the bottle. The user has to apply enough pressure

around the axis of the bottle to rotate the cap at least one turn (360°) and more typically one

and a half turns (540°) before any upward force is exerted on the cap. Again, in the

inadvertent and unwanted bonding situation described above, when the user attempts to open

the bottle, the strong rotational force could shear or break the pin.

It has been found for packages of the present invention which hold cyanoacrylate

adhesive, that a metal pin is probably necessary, even though the ramping feature will

minimize the shearing forces, because of the high adherence strength of the cyanoacrylate

adhesive and the concomitant force required to dislodge a pin 40 which has bonded to the

orifice 24 due to stray adhesive. The type of pin 40 to be employed in package 10 therefore

depends upon the contents of package 10. One skilled in the art can determine through

simple experimentation what type of pin 40 should be used.

To close the package 10, the cap 15 is placed on the nozzle 25 so that the lower

portion 60 of the band members 58 pass between the horizontal lock member 28 of one guide

flange 27 and the vertical guide member 29 of the other guide flange 27. The cap 15 is then

pushed down until the lower portion of the bands 60 meet the raised ramps 50 on the guide

surfaces 32 of the vertical members 29. Fig. 15 illustrates the moment in time when the cap

15 is placed on the nozzle 25 and the guide ribs 26 first make contact with the interior surface

of the upper portion 21 of the cap 15. The ribs 26 ensure the proper alignment of the cap 15

on the nozzle 25 so that the pin 40 fits directly into the orifice 24 of the nozzle 25 as shown in

Fig. 16. Once the lower portion of the bands 60 touch the ramps 50, the cap 15 must be

twisted along the axis of the body 20 to line up the bottom of the cap 15 with the top of the

chamber 35. As the cap 15 is twisted into place, three things will happen. First, the pin 40

will penetrate the orifice 24 of the nozzle 25. Second, the horizontal lock members 28 of the

guide flanges 29 will engage the slots 59 of the band members 58, locking the cap 15 onto the

body 20 and third, the vertical edge 56 of both stopping members 55 will hit the stop surface

31 of both vertical guide members 29 preventing the cap 15 from over rotating or twisting

any further.

The engagement of the slots 59 by the horizontal locking members 28 prevents a user

from pulling the cap 15 straight off the nozzle 25 and subjecting the pin 40 to shearing forces.

Instead, the cap 15 must first be twisted so that the horizontal locking member 28 is retracted

off the slot 59, and the pin 40 is twisted in the orifice 24, before any upward pressure can be

placed on the cap 15. The package design also prevents the cap 15 from inadvertently falling

off the body 20.

In an alternate embodiment of the invention as shown in Figs. 18, 19, and 20, the top

surface 34 of the chamber 35 may contain a plurality of retaining nibs 45 and an equal

number of hollows 70 on the base of the cap 15. Preferably, there are two retaining nibs 45

positioned on opposite sides of the nozzle 25 on the top surface 34 of the chamber 35 and two

corresponding hollows 70 on the cap 15. As the cap 15 is twisted back on to the body 20, the

retaining nibs 45 are engaged by the hollows 70 providing a snap fit between the bottom of

the cap 15 and the top surface 34 of the chamber 35. The hollows 70 and retaining nibs 45

are additional preferable components of the closure mechanism of the present invention.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a dual walled chamber 36 as

shown in Fig. 21. Fig. 22 illustrates a plug 38 designed for the dual walled chamber. This

dual wall feature has several advantages. First, it provides more sealing surface between the

body 20 and the plug 38. This helps to ensure a tight fitting bottom for the body 20 and thus

decreases the chances of a leak. Secondly, the dual wall 36 provides an additional barrier

between the ambient air and the contents of the package 10. This is important when the

ambient conditions are such that they will adversely affect the contents of the package 10, for

example when the air contains a lot of moisture and the package 10 contains adhesive. Also,

the dual wall design gives the chamber 36 of the package 10, more flexibility so that less

pressure needs to be applied to dispense from the package 10.

Obviously, other modifications and variations to the present invention are possible

and may be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. For example,

this invention may be applied to containers and container closures having a circular, as

opposed to an elliptical, cross-section. In such instances, the orientation of the guide flanges,

rectangular bands, and rectangular stopping members may be different. For instance, a

circular cross-section would allow for a greater turning radius between full closure and

opening. However, the turning radius would still be less than 180° and preferably less than

about 90°. Obviously, the turning radius would also depend upon the number of guide

flanges, band members, and stopping members to be employed since the maximum turning

radius decreases with the larger number of such features. Another alternative may be where

the band member and the stopping member are one rather than two separate elements. Thus,

it is to be understood that such modifications and variations to the specific embodiments set

forth above, are to be construed as being within the full intended scope of the present

invention as defined by the appended claims.