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Title:
NOZZLE FOR SAVING WATER
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2019/084633
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
The invention relates to a nozzle for saving water and in particular to a nozzle capable controlling and managing the flow of water. The nozzle can be used in the household to reduce the consumption of drinking water for domestic purposes. The nozzle for saving water including a body (1) having passage hole (2) capable of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet, a swirler (8) mounted in the body passage hole (2), and a water flow limiter (5) inserted into the opening of the body before the swirler (8) in the downstream direction and has a reducing opening in its center. The swirler (8) is a rotary body with axially formed open spiral grooves (9) on its outer surface so that along each channel its section has a smoothly increasing width.

Inventors:
IVANOV SILYAN SLAVOV (BG)
SPROSTRANOV RUMEN RUMENOV (BG)
Application Number:
PCT/BG2017/000025
Publication Date:
May 09, 2019
Filing Date:
November 03, 2017
Export Citation:
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Assignee:
RIVUS OOD (BG)
International Classes:
E03C1/08; B05B1/34; E03C1/084
Domestic Patent References:
WO2017136209A12017-08-10
WO2017136209A12017-08-10
Foreign References:
US3920187A1975-11-18
EP2452780A22012-05-16
DE202016103825U12017-10-20
FR2610020A11988-07-29
US3591082A1971-07-06
US20150202636A12015-07-23
DE102012021361A12014-05-08
GB2525504A2015-10-28
GB2524461A2015-09-30
CN2596148Y2003-12-31
CN2801894Y2006-08-02
CN205938075U2017-02-08
CN103075553A2013-05-01
US20120261485A12012-10-18
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
SHENTOVA, Violeta Varbanova (BG)
Download PDF:
Claims:
CLAIMS

1. A nozzle for saving water containing a body with passage-hole capable to be mounted to the end of a plumbing outlet, a swirler mounted in the body passage hole and a water flow limiter, characterized in that:

- the flow limiter (5) is inserted into the passage hole (2) of the body (1) downstream before the swirler (8) and has a limiting passage hole in its center;

- the swirler (8) is a rotary body with axially formed open spiral grooves (9) on its outer surface so that along each groove (9) its section has a smoothly increasing width (21); and

- the passage hole (2) of the body has at least one step for the flow limiter (5), and after the step downstream there are at least two adjacent truncated conical sections, two of which are an internal collecting cone and an outwardly extending cone having a coincident small base (16) so as to form inverted straight circular cones facing each other, such as the angle of inclination (17) of the formation of the outlet cone (7), is greater than the angle of inclination (18) of the formation of its contiguous internal collecting cone(6) and the diameter of the small base ( 6) connecting the inner collecting cone (6) and the outlet expansion cone (7) is greater than the the diameter of the passage hole of the flow limiter (5).

2. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that the flow limiter (5) is a barrier disc with a hole in the center whose diameter is 1 mm.

3. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that the two adjacent truncated conical sections of the passage hole (2) of the body (1) with a matching small base (16) are joined smoothly with a curvature at the edge of its intersection.

4. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that the angle of inclination (17) of the formation of the outlet expanding cone (7) is in the range of 0° to 30° and the angle of inclination ( 8) of the formation of the contiguous internal collecting cone ( 8) is in the range of 4° to 15°.

5. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that the swirler (8) is in the form of a straight circular cone with an angle of inclination of the forming reciprocal of the inclination angle of the forming of at least one inner conical section of the passage hole of the body (1) and the spiral open grooves (9) of the swirler (8) have a smoothly varying cross-section along their length, with the cross section of each channel (9) being deeper and narrower at the large base compared with the cross- section of the groove on the small base so that along the groove it is with gradually decreasing depth (22) and gradually increasing width (21 ).

6. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that it further comprises a stream switching device mounted on the body (1 ) including a switch (10) and an overflow (1 1 ), as the switch (10) ) is a bushing with a passage hole (24) for fitting the body (1) and has an inner annular protrusion (25) with two diametrically disposed cutouts (26) at the side of the passage hole (24) below which the overflow is placed (1 1 ), where one face plane of the annular protrusion (25) is executed with two diametrically located axial cam stops (27) with fixed end positions and the other face of the switch (10) is smooth, and the overflow (1 1) being a bushing with an open radial a channel (31) on one face, which face contacts a ring (32) from its periphery with the flat face of the switch (10) so that the cutouts (26) of the inner annular protrusion (25) of the switch (10) can freely contact the radial channel (31 ) of the overflow (1 1 );

- the nozzle body (1 ) has at least one step on its outer surface, the face of one of the steps being made with two cams (29) parallel to the axis reciprocal to the cam stops (27) of the switch (10), so that when rotating the switch (10) it is movable axially relative to the body (1 ) at a distance equal to the height of the vertical walls (30) of the cams of the stops, (1 ) of the nozzle body and of the switch (10) are spaced apart from each other to form an annular cavity, and the step of the body (1 ) with the cams (29) has two diametrically spaced passage holes radially spaced from the cutouts (26) of the annular protrusion (25) of the switch (10).

8. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that the flow limiter (5) and the swirler (8) are made of technical ceramics.

9. A nozzle according to claim 1 , characterized in that further contains a filter (4) placed above the flow limiter (5)

10. A shower head, characterized in that it contains a nozzle for saving water according to claim 1.

Description:
NOZZLE FOR SAVING WATER

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a nozzle for saving water and in particular to a nozzle capable controlling and managing the flow of water. The nozzle can be used in the household to reduce the consumption of drinking water for domestic purposes. The nozzle can serve as an adapter for installation in various types of plumbing faucets, faucet mixers and sinks, shower heads, hoses, fountains and others.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The planet's water is decreasing with threatening pace, as in certain areas of the world critical drinking water shortages are reached. Studies have shown that freshwater consumption worldwide doubles every 20 years. According to the European Commission, about 40% of the available water is spent unreasonably. In order to save water, for environmental and economic considerations are being researched ways and means to reduce the amount of water used while preserving the effectiveness and time of use. Modern technical solutions in plumbing equipment allow the use of less water and energy. To achieve this goal, manufacturers put different technical solutions into their products. The main types of the most modern technical solutions are mechanical limiters, aerators and reducers of water flow. Some of the devices used are factory-fitted in the mixer construction. Others are additional fixtures that are mounted on conventional heads. Factory-fitted limiters built into the mixer design result in constructive complications of the mixer itself and are therefore economically less attractive for mass usage.

The prospective application of the water saving devices is those that reduce the flow rate, which can be further installed on the outlets of the plumbing installations. They are small in size, relatively simple in design and interchangeable, making them economical for mass use. As criteria for assessing these devices, it is appropriate to use modern trends and requirements in the field of household water use. However, it is not always possible to achieve optimal service comfort. One of the most important indicators for modern water-saving nozzles is the flow rate of water, pressure and coverage area of the stream, which affect both efficiency and comfort during use. Each of these indices corresponds to a specific user requirement. For example, the nozzle must be designed so that the flow of water is reduced as much as possible, while providing a larger coverage area for washing, with relative preservation of the spray force. - -

Numerous nozzles are known for regulating the flow of water. It is known from a CN2596148Y nozzle containing a cylindrical body with an opening and capable of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet, whose opening is dead end and the walls of the body are provided with water drainage slots which contact the dead end opening. On the body there is a water flow limiting jack so that there is a narrow annular air gap between it and the outer cylindrical surface of the body in which the water streams passing through the slots can flow freely. This nozzle forms a hollow outflow of water, which slightly accelerates into the gap, but the stream is segmented as a result of leakage through the slots and is not homogeneous and continious. This creates a prerequisite for side splash. The described nozzle is designed for use in low- pressure plumbing installations for outflow augmentation, but is not designed to save water.

There is another nozzle known from CN2801894Y comprising of a cylindrical body with an opening and capable of mounting to the end of a water outlet whose opening is with dead end downstream of the jet and is made in a cylindrical protrusion along the axis of the body, as between the outer cylindrical surface of the protrusion and the inner surface of the body wall is formed a gap through which the water flows and on the wall of the body there are circularly arranged passageways for draining the water which also contact the deaf opening. A sealing ring between the protrusion and the wall of the body regulates the flow of leaking water. This nozzle also forms a hollow outflow of water which slightly accelerates into the grooves, but the stream is segmented as a result of leakage through the slots and is not homogeneous and continuous, resulting in side splash. The known nozzle is also not suited to limit the flow of water while maintaining comfort during use.

There are other nozzles that form a hollow stream, but their effect is in the decorative appearance of the stream, not in the savings of water with preserved comfort and washing efficiency. For example, in CN205938075U, the outflow of water is a hollow cylinder and is composed of a plurality of jets which, through a complex system of differently oriented holes, are interwoven so that the outgoing total flow of water is in the form of a knotted net.

It is known from the CN103075553A a nozzle for saving water to be mounted at the end of a plumbing outlet which contains a cylindrical body with a passage hole along the flow of the stream, in which a conical core with a tip against the flow is mounted, which is fixed to the walls of the cylindrical body by three teeth through 120°, as the base of the conical core and the inner surface of the body wall formed a gap through which the water flows. There is also a switch in the faucet body before the water flow regulating nozzle. The surface of the outflow water stream is increased by changing the shape of the nozzle outlet, as the water flow strength is not reduced, so the daily wash time can be shortened, resulting in water savings. This nozzle, however, can not create a thin stream of even density, nor reduce the side splash.

Many other known water-saving nozzles operate on the principle of vortexing the water stream so that the outflow is broken into fine droplets. Such is, for example, the known water saving nozzle with the possibility of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet of US20120261485A1. The nozzle includes a body with a passage hole with the possibility of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet, as well a swirler mounted in the body opening, and a water flow limiter. A swirler is mounted in the body in right before the outlet, in which the stream divided into two streams is fed into two opposite spiral channels, broken down into drops. The body has a conical outlet proceeding into a small diameter hole downstream of the stream, serving to limit the flow of water and finer breaking the jet of small drops. This nozzle for saving water does not form a dense stretch of the stream, which is not effective because aeration reduces the flow strength and increases wash time.

It is known from VVO2017136209 a nozzle for saving water comprising of a body with a passage hole with the possibility of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet, a swirler mounted in the body opening, and a water flow limiter. In this known nozzle, the water flow limiter is not a single detail and is shaped as an opening with a closing cone ending with a small diameter bore of the body outlet after the swirler. Moreover, this known nozzle works on the principle of aerators, spraying the stream into small droplets, which reduces the efficiency of operation. The spray effect of miniature water droplets results from the swirling effect on the jets flowing through the spiral two, three or four channels of the swirler that meet the walls of the closing cone of the water flow limiter and leave the nozzle through the small outflowed cylindrical bore. This does not eliminate the side splashing because the stream is not concentrated in a thick thin annular wall that has a smoother coverage area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to create a water saving nozzle which is simple in design and easy to clean, providing maximum reduction in water flow while maintaining wash efficiency and time of use. These and other aims of the invention are solved with a nozzle for saving water including a body having passage hole capable of mounting to the end of a plumbing outlet, a swirler mounted in the body opening, and a water flow limiter.

According to the invention, the flow limiter is inserted into the opening of the body before the swirler in the downstream direction and has a reducing opening in its center. In this way, the high speed after the flow limiter is reduced by the swirler and the outlet has a low exit velocity, thus not spraying away from the desired zone. The lack of splashing depends on the type of stream, the consistent wall of the hollow stream prevents any random splashing. The flow limiter, performed as a single detail, leads to avoiding the problems of the known nozzles as the clogging of the reducing hole requiring the change of the entire nozzle, but the present nozzle being easily

disassembled and the limiter being cleaned or at most be changed itself, avoiding changing the entire nozzle. The swirler is a rotary body with axially formed open spiral grooves on its outer surface so that along each channel its section has a smoothly increasing width. In this way, the stream flows relatively evenly through the expanding channels, forming several jet streams with a spiral trajectory, which at the outlet are collected in a single wall without breaking into a number of tiny drops. The passage hole of the nozzle body has at least one step for the flow limiter. Following the step for the limiter downstream the flow, there are at least two adjacent intersected conical sections. The last two of the intersecting conical sections in the downstream direction are an internal collecting cone and an outwardly extending cone that have a

coincidentally small base so that they form inverted straight circular cones facing each other. The angle of inclination of the formation of the output expansion cone is greater than the angle of inclination of the formation of the adjacent internal collecting cone. The diameter of the hole at the small base connecting the inner collecting cone and the outlet expansion cone is greater than the diameter of the flow limiter opening, thereby greatly reducing the risk of clogging. Such curve of the opening combines the several jets with a spiral trajectory going out of the swirler into a common cylindrical stream and unfolding the stream under the desired spray angle. The structure of the stream is bell-shaped to conical with hollow interior and uniform water wall with maximum reduction of unwanted splashes to the side.

In one embodiment of the invention, the angle of inclination of the forming inner cone is in the range of 4° to 15°. This ensures good mixing of the swirled spiral jets into a uniform wall. The angle of inclination of the formation of its adjacent outgoing expansion cone is in the range of 10 ° to 30 °, which, depending on the height of the tap, enables the optimum coverage area of the stream to be achieved.

In another embodiment of the invention/the adjacent conically- shaped portions of the passage hole of the body with a matching small base are joined smoothly with a curvature at the intersection edge, which further reduces the chance to break the stream into drops and from there to unwanted side splash.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the flow limiter is a barrier disc with a hole in the center, which diameter is 1 mm, so allows a great initial reduction of the flow rate of the inlet stream, which results in great savings.

In a further embodiment the swirler is in the form of a truncated straight circular cone with an angle of inclination of the forming reciprocal of the inclination angle of the formation of at least one inner conical portion of the body passage opening, the large base of the swirler cone is the inlet downstream, and the small base is outlet downstream. In this way, primary unifiction of the individual spiral jets is achieved. The spiral shaped open channels of the swirler have a smoothly varying cross section along their length, with cross section of each channel at the major base being deeper and narrower than the cross section of the chanel at the small base so that along the channel the cross section is with a smooth decreasing depth and a smoothly increasing width. This geometry helps for more smooth and even unification the jets from the spiral grooves into a common hollow flow with a very thin wall coming out of the nozzle at a higher speed. The conical shape of the swirler helps to fit the workpiece tightly to the nozzle body without high demand for precision of the machining while allowing easy disassembly for cleaning in the event of clogging. A wider fit tollerance reduces the cost of the nozzle.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the nozzle includes a switching device mounted rotatably on the body, allowing to switch the stream regime; The switching device includes a switch and spillway, the switch being a bushing with a passage hole for housing the nozzle body, having an inner annular protrusion with two diametrically spaced cutouts on the side of the passage hole below which an annular protrusion downstream of the spout is located. The one face surface of the annular protrusion is made up of two diametrically located axial cam stops with fixed end positions and the other face of the switch is smooth. The spillway is a bush with an open radial channel on one of its foreheads which contacts a portion of its periphery with the flat face of the switch so that the cutouts of the inner annular protrusion on the side of the passage hole of the switch can freely contact the radial channel of the spillway. The nozzle body has at least one step on its outer surface, the front of one of the steps being executed with two cam spacers parallel to the axis, reciprocal to the cam stops of the switch so that when the switch is rotated it is possible to moves axially to the body at a distance equal to the height of the cams of the stops, occupying two end positions. In one end position, the cams of the nozzle and the cams of the switch are spaced apart to form an annular cavity and the cam step with the cam stops has two diametrically spaced passage holes displaced radially in relation to the annular protrusions of the switch. This device for switching to a second stream with a higher flow rate by limiting the rotation of the switch does not allow rotation to a disassembly state. The cam mechanism, when rotated to the second end position, closes the two diametrically extending passage holes of the body, so the stream switches into the economical mode very easily.

Preferably the flow limiter and the swirler are made of technical ceramics. This type of material is highly resistant and robust, which reduces wear. In addition, deposits on ceramic surfaces are easily removed.

In another embodiment of the invention, the nozzle also includes a filter located above the limiter downstream to the flow. This way the water is cleaned from mechanical impurities and reduces the possibility of undesirable deposits and clogging.

The invention further relates to a shower head containing a nozzle for saving water of the above described embodiments. This extends the application range of the nozzle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig.1 shows a water saving nozzle in section.

Fig.2 shows an axonometrically disassembled nozzle.

Fig.Sa and 3b show the nozzle body in axonometry and in section,

Fig.4 shows the stopper in section.

Fig.5 shows an overflow variation.

Fig.6a, 6b and 6c show one variant of the swirler in axonometry, top view and bottom view.

FigJa, 7b and 7c show a variant of a cam switch.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is illustrated by the enclosed drawings, in which one preferred embodiment is shown. - -

Fig.1 and Fig.2 show a water saving nozzle according to the invention. The nozzle includes a body 1 with a passage hole 2. In this case, the body 1 is a rotary body, the outer surface of which in this case is has steps for connecting to the switching mechanism 3, Of course, a switching mechanism may not be provided and the nozzle can be designed for one mode of operation. The passage hole 2 is also stepped, with a filter 4 for mechanically filtering contaminants in the water at the top downstream. Of course, this filter can also be with another or with a combined function, for example in addition to magnetic treatment, wave processing etc. At the upper end of the body 1 downstream, either externally or internally, in the case shown externally, there are provided connection elements 5 for connection to the plumbing outlet, for example a faucet. These elements 5 are in the present case executed in the form of a thread, but may also be of a different type, for example, a bracket or an adapter. Right below the filter 4 in the next step of the body 1 is situated freely flow limiter 5 serving to reduce the flow rate of the water stream. The flow limiter 5 is shown in Fig.4 and is described in more details below. After the step for the flow limiter 5 in the passage hole 2 in this case only two conical sections are shown and they are the inner collecting cone 6 and the outgoing expansion cone 7, are shown in details in Figs 3a and 3b and explained below. Of course, downstream before the inner collecting cone 6 there could be other cylindrical or conical steps, designed to give particular shape of the stream, but those can be skipped as in the case shown. In the inner collecting cone 6 there is a freely mounted swirler 8 with spiral grooves 9 made on its outer surface, which grooves 9 are of a gradually increasing width. The swirler 8 absorbs the stream of water exiting the flow limiter 5 and directs it to flow along the spiral grooves 9 as the increasing width of the grooves allows the flowing water to be formed as a circular and hollow stream with a relatively thick wall without large aeration and droplets formation. The swirler 8 may be placed both in a previous cylindrical step or in another conical section not shown in the drawings, depending on the desired effect and the type of stream realized. The switching mechanism 3 comprises a switch 10, freely rotatable around the body 1 , as well as an overflow 11 shown respectively in Figs 7a, 7b, 7c and Fig.5. Its axial movement along the axis of the nozzle is limited by a stopper 12, in this case made as circlip. The switching mechanism 3 serves to create a second stream mode in which the flow is with a higher flow rate. In this case, the rotation of the mechanism 3 around the body 1 is accomplished by a cam mechanism formed by a cam stoper 13 placed on the body 1 and a second reciprocating one to the first stopper 13, a cam stopper 14 placed on the switch 10. In Fig.2, the nozzle elements according to the invention are shown in the order of their placement. Between the cam stoppers 13 and 14 there is provided a sealant 15 which can be either an elastomeric coating on the cam surfaces or a free sealing ring.

Figs.3a and 3b show one embodiment of the body 1 in which the passage hole 2 contains in this case only two adjacent truncated conical sections, in particular an inner collecting cone 6 and an outlet expansion cone 7 having a matching small base 16 so that they form inverted circular cones facing each other. The small base 16 is in fact the outlet of the nozzle. For ordinary faucets, it is suitable that the diameter of the small base 16 is in the range of 2 mm to 6 mm, most preferably 4 mm. Such a large diameter of the small base 16 is times larger than the diameter of the outlet in the conventional nozzles, which greatly reduces the risk of clogging and damage to the body 1. The angle of inclination 17 of the formation of the outlet expansion cone 7 is greater than the angle of inclination 18 of the formation of its adjacent inner collecting cone 6. It is suitable for the angle of inclination 17 of the formation of the outlet cone 7 to be selected in the range of 10° to 30° and the angle of inclination 18 of the formation of the inner collecting cone 6 to be selected in the range of 4° to 15°. A good effect of the stream is obtained at an angle of inclination 17 of 15° and an angle of inclination 18 of 10°.

Fig.4 is a cross-sectional view of the flow limiter 5, which has a passage hole of two sections - a wide closing cone 19 and a short reducing cylindrical outlet hole 20 of small diameter. The diameter of the reducing hole 20 of the flow limiter 5 is selected at 1 mm, resulting in a maximum flow rate of up to 1.2 l/min. The diameter of the reduction hole 20 of the flow limiter 5 is smaller than the diameter of the hole in the small base 16 connecting the inner collecting cone 6 and the outlet expansion cone 7. The production as a single piece with a small reducing passage hole of the flow limiter 6 as well as its placement before the swirler 8, makes the cleaning of the nozzle easier and reduces the risk of damage to the body, which in turn significantly increases the lifespan of the whole product.

Figs.6a, 6b and 6c shows the swirler 8, which in this case is a solid conical body, and on its outer surface the open spiral grooves 9 are axially formed so that along each channel its section has a smooth increasing width 21. In a preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the swirler 8 is in the form of a truncated straight circular cone with an angle of inclination of the forming reciprocal of the inclination angle of the forming of at least one inner conical section of the passage hole of the body. Preferably the swirler 8 is mounted to the inner collecting cone 6 of the body 1 , with their inclinations of the forming of the respective cones being reciprocal and coincident. In order for the fluid to flow through the swirling channels, the fit between it and the bed must be interference fit. Accordingly, a larger clearance allows fluid to flow between the two elements, not only through the channels, resulting in turbulence in the stream and degrading its function. This high assembly requirement results in higher production costs. Fitting on a conical surface greatly reduces the clearance between the contact surfaces due to the cone contacting wedge effect, which in turn does not require a great deal of precision to make a precise fit and consequently reduce production costs. Another advantage of such a conical execution is that the parts are not pressed to fit each other to make an interference fit, so they can easily be disassembled and cleaned. In the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the spiral open grooves 9 of the swirler 8 are of a smoothly varying cross-section along their length, and at the large base the cross section of each channel has a greater depth and a narrower width than the cross section of the groove at the minor base of the cone of the swirler 8 such that along the groove the section has a smoothly decreasing depth 22 and a smoothly increasing width 21. In a most preferred embodiment, the grooves at the minor base of the swirler cone 8 touch in edge 23. In this way, the outgoing streams of water coincidently merge and form a uniform wall which is further compacted in the inner cone 6 of the body 1.

FigsJa, 7b, 7c and Fig.5 show the elements of the switching mechanism 3. The switch 10 is shown, which is a bushing with a passage hole 24 for fitting the final step of the body 1 of the nozzle. The passage hole 24 is formed on an inner annular protrusion 25, with diametrically spaced apart hole 24 being associated with the cutouts 26. One end face of the annular protrusion is made up of two diametrically extending axial cam stops 27 with fixed end positions and the other face 28 of the switch 10 is smooth. The cam stops 27 are inclined planes finishing with vertical walls 28 towards the beginning of the inclination of the opposite inclined plane. Each of the inclined planes is positioned in the respective half of the first annular face so that the vertical walls 28 are diametrically positioned. Reciprocating cam stops 29 with corresponding walls 30 are disposed on the outer face of the step of the body 1 , and upon turning of the switch 10 the walls 28 and 30 meet and eliminate the possibility of continued rotation. The overflow 11 is a bush with an open radial groove 31 on one of its faces which contacts a ring 32 at its periphery with the flat face of the switch 10 such that the cutouts 26 of the inner annular protrusion on the side of the passage hole - -

24 of the switch 10 can freely contact the radial channel 31 of the overflow 11. Such a limitation of the rotation of the switch 10 has the advantage that the continued rotation of the switch 10 is prevented and the position of the cutouts 25 is fixed relative to the radial channel 31.

The function of the nozzle is to disperse the flow of tap water into a hollow bell to conical shaped stream with a solid but thin water wall. Experiments were carried out in which the measured maximum flow rate of the nozzle is 1.2 l/min at 4 bar pressure (the average standard pressure of the water supply network), which is 90% below the standard maximum flow rate of 12 l/min of market available faucets that do not have a water-saving a nozzle of any kind. The combination of depth, length, width, inclination, number of channels of the swirler and length, angle, and diameter of the two opposite conical sections 6 and 7 of the passage hole 2 of the body 1 determines the structure of the hollow cone or bell with a uniform water wall. The high velocity after the flow limiter 6 is reduced by the swirler 8, at the exit of the nozzle resulting in a lower outlet velocity of the spray, thus not spraying in the sides of the desired zone. The lack of side splashing also comes from the type of stream - the solid uniform wall of water does not allow any splashing, while a stream consisting of many small droplets easily sprays to the side. This way selected the dimensions of the diameter of the small base 16 and the angles 17 and 18 of the inclination of the collecting 6 and the outlet 7 cones help to form a strong hollow bell to conical shaped outlet water stream having a uniform, solid and thin wall. The expanding stream diameter determines a larger coverage contact area when washing and the rinsing becomes more efficient with a smaller volume of water. This brings the washing effect to the same level as standard faucets without any water saving nozzles.

Although the description above contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently preferred embodiment of this invention. Thus, the scope of this invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.




 
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