| WO1993011909A1 | 1993-06-24 |
| US2578410A | 1951-12-11 | |||
| BE900973A | 1985-03-01 | |||
| DE1150930B | 1963-06-27 | |||
| US3504579A | 1970-04-07 | |||
| US3077801A | 1963-02-19 | |||
| US5467672A | 1995-11-21 | |||
| US2842995A | 1958-07-15 | |||
| US2578686A | 1951-12-18 | |||
| DE19704789A1 | 1997-08-21 | |||
| US5544553A | 1996-08-13 | |||
| US2649823A | 1953-08-25 |
| 1. | Automatic openend wrench has the basis of the wrench made of two parts (Fig.l), one of which makes bottom (21) and the sides (22), and the other part is the cover (23), characterized by the slits on the basis (21), on the forehead of the wrench and on the rotating gear wheel (4), so the wrench could be placed on the bolt's thread or a pipe and then put on the bolt's head or a nut (Fig. 7.), so the levers ends (26) and (27), during the clockwise rotation of the open gear wheel (4), can be moved apart and thus enable rotation by contracting the spring (28), but with opposite rotation resistance of the lever end (26) to the opposite rotation is being transferred to the side wall (22), and resistance of the lever (27) is being transferred to the rivetaxle (24). |
| 2. | Automatic openend wrench from application 1, characterized by the distance between the levers (26) and (27) (Fig. 7.) which is at least one cog of the open gear wheel (4) wider than the slit, that enables continuous action of the open gear wheel (4), but for the change of action, from unfastening to. fastening, the wrench needs to be turned on its vertical axis, while releasing of the"captured"body of the bolt or a pipe needs, by pressuring the gear slit (4) on the body of the bolt or a pipe, rotating of the open gear wheel (4) in possible direction until the slits of the basis (21) and of the open gear wheel (4) are leveled. |
| 3. | The wrench from the application 2, characterized by the pins (29) and (30) driven through the body of the basis (21) (Fig. 8.), that provides the function of the wrench according to application 2. |
| 4. | The wrench according to application 3, is characterized by the levers (31) and (32), (Fig. 9.) and springs (33) and (34), that provide the function of the wrench according to application 3 5. The wrench, according to application 4, is characterized by the levers (31) and (32), (Fig. 10.) and also the leaf spring (35) that provides the function of the wrench according to application 4 6. The wrench, according to application 5, characterized by the levers (31) and (32) (Fig. 11) and a cable (39) with a button (40), that is driven through and fixed on the lever (32) and driven through the lever (31) (sliding), by pulling the button (40) down the vertical axis towards the middle of the wrench, levers (31) and (32) are being immobilized, that releases the open gear wheel (4) and enables its removing from the" captured"bolt or a pipe, and by releasing the button (40), the springs (36) and (37) return the levers (31) and (32), also the cable (39) with the button (40), to their initial positions. |
| 5. | 7 The wrench, according to application 6, characterized by the levers (41) and (42) (Fig. 13), placed on the external side of the basis (21), and the springs (43) and (44) keep them pressed to the open gear wheel (4), and it is obvious that, by pressing the on the free levers ends (41) and (42), the springs (43) and (44) compress, so the levers cogs (41) and (42) release the gear wheel (4), that provides the function of the wrench according to application 6. |
| 6. | 8 The wrench, according to application 7, characterized by the fact that the function of of the rotating gear (4) (Fig. 14) is defined by the handle position (49), triangle lever (50), connected by junctions (47) and (48) to the levers (45) and (46), because fixator (51) from the spring (52), which motion is limited by fixed fullness of the basis (38), keeps pressure on the lever (50), and to bring the levers (45) and (46) in "idle work"position, the handle (49) of the lever (50) needs to be positioned in vertical axis of the wrench, and for the change of rotation of the open gear wheel (4), it should be placed on the opposite side, (its position should be changed for about 90 degrees). |
| 7. | 9 Electricpowered automatic openend wrench has the basis of the wrench (39) characterized by its shape (Fig 16), adjusted to the function of only one lever (55), pushed by excentric lever (46), by rotating, in its highest position, towards the open gear wheel (4), while the spring (57), supported by the rivet (24) returns the lever (55) to its initial position, and the spring (56) returns the lever cogs (55) to the space between the cogs of the open gear wheel (4), the brakes (53) and (54) disable the backward rotation of the gear wheel (4), but for releasing of the"captured"body of the bolt or a pipe, the rotation of the excenter (58) needs to be continued until the slits of the basis and rotating rear wheel are leveled, and it is obvious that for every rotation direction of the excenter (58), the open gear wheel (4) keeps the same direction, so for changing the action from fastening to unfastening, the wrench should be turned on its vertical axis. |
| 8. | 10 The wrench, according to application 9, is characterized by the brakes (53) and (54) which disable the backward rotation of the open gear wheel (4) (Fig. 16). |
| 9. | 11 Electricpowered automatic openend wrench has the basis of the wrench (62) that makes homogenic unity with the sides, (Fig. 17), characterized by the fact that it is in its vertical section made of two similar parts, and on the convex part of the wrench there is a slit so as on the worm gear wheel (60), moved by worm axle in any direction. |
| 10. | 12 Electricpowered automatic openend wrench, according to application 11, has its basis (64) characterized by two parts, one of which consists of the bottom (64) and the sides (64), (Fig. 18), extended in vertical handle through which is driven the axle of the driving gear (66), and the other part is the cover (65), that is slitted, so as the open gear wheel (4) on the forehead of the wrench, and two gears (67) and (68) are transferring the rotation from the driving gear (66) to the open gear wheel (4), the distance between the gears (67) and (68) is larger than the distance between the slits, that enables the function of the slitted open gear wheel (4) in every position. |
| 11. | 13 Electricpowered automatic openend wrench, according to application 12, characterized by the slitted basis (64), (Fig. 19), with a open gear wheel (4), two gears (67) and (68) and a driving gear (70), (Fig 20) with an axle extension on the cover of the basis for about 40mm, while the basis is extended into a handle (71), that provides the function of fastening and unfastening of bolts. |
Background Art : Tools for fastening and unfastening include well known standardized forms of "fork"wrenches, close-end wrenches,"fork"open-end wrenches, automatic socket wrenches, and automatic close-end wrenches such as one made by"Proxxon" PAT. No 62933 US & Japan PAT. P.
U. S. PAT 5603247 U. S. PAT 5119701 RARE STAE INC. FAX : 886- 4- 2782655 which includes the lever for changing the rotation direction.
Common open-end wrench must be used so that when it makes its maximum amplitude in its cross axis, it must be removed from the bolt's head and then be placed in the initial position so the action can be repeated. Automatic open-end wrench solves the problem of removing and placing again of the wrench with its construction of mechanical levers and springs so the action goes left-right on the cross axis of the wrench. The action is the same as with common automatic close- end and socket wrenches. This allows all technical effects of the common automatic wrenches. All those wrenches are made in sets and single pieces and standard sizes (millimeter sizes) usually are : 4-5,6-7, 8-9, 10- 11, 12- 13, 14- 15,16- 17, etc.
For instance standard width of the bolt with died thread is 6 mm, the size of bolt's head and nut is usually 10mm, while the nut's is also 6mm. If the bolt's width is 7mm then nut's + is 7mm, and the size of the head and a wrench is 1 lmm, etc.
Disclosure of the invention : In addition to known automatic wrenches, automatic open- end wrench has its the basis made of one piece, so the bottoms of the wrench and the sides make homogenic unity, and the cover makes another homogenic unity, bottoms and the cover are the of the same size. they are identical in their vertical sections (the bottom and the cover are approximately 50% of the size of sides). That provides necessary firmness.
The essence of the invention is that, the basis, the cover and the rotating gear of the wrench have slit which enables placing of the rotation axis of the open gear wheel on the rotation axis of the bolt and nut, (on the body of the bolt or a pipe) and then placing the wrench on the bolt's head or a nut.
This automatic wrench will be applied on standard bolts, so that, for instance, for the wrench with the lOmm slit p of the nut is 6 mm. (which is also the size of the bolt's thread), and the size of the slits on the basis, on the open gear wheel, and on the cover is 6, 1 mm. This size of the slit enables placing the wrench on the bolt's body or a pipe.
0,1 Omm wider slit of the basis, of thecover and of the the rotating gear wheel, matches all standard bolts, inconsidering their sizes.
With uncommon bolts, for instancebolts with pipes where the size of the"pipe" bolt's head is 32mm, and the diameter of the pipe is 3mm, the size of the slits (on the basis, cover and the open gear wheel) could be 3, 1mm.
Common automatic close-end wrenches, for instance the"Proxxon"wrench, have the lever for change of direction of the driving gear wheel, that with its end meshes the bottom of the open gear wheel, that enables the rotationin one direction and disables the opposite rotation. But, there is a problem of"idle work"with slitted gear wheels, thqat is the stopping of the gear wheel when the slit comes to the lever end.
In the basis of the wrench, the slitted rotating gear wheel is connected to the system of levers, springs and axles that defines its rotating direction and position in every moment of work. Lever ends in the basis mesh always one cog wider than it is the width of the slit on the gear wheel of the wrench, so that in every position of the gear at least one cog is meshed, which provides continuous rotation of the open gear.
Since there are unlimited combinations of the lever system in the open basis of the wrench, foretold examples are not even the minimum of the possible, and every model needs approprate adjusting on the cover and in the basis to the new technical requirements. With the simpliest model of the wrench, side. circular pressure of the open gear slit on the body of the bolt enables rotation in possible direction until the slits of the basis and of the open gear wheel are leveled. The improved model of this wrench should necessery include additional mechanism for immobilization of the levers, that would make possible releasing of the gear wheel in any rotation direction, so the change of action from fastening to unfastening of the bolt could be possible, it needs rotating wrench on its vertical axis.
The best solutions of the wrench are at models with a lever for switching the rotation direction of the open head of the wrench, when there is an'idle work"position of the lever, that enables releasing of the"captured"bolt or the pipe with no difficulties.
Many of those wrenches could be made with the handle placed in any angle to the head of the wrench. (0-90).
This system of open basis and open rotating gear wheel of the wrench makes possible its running on electric power and pneumatic power so the three such examples are given as separate patent applications.
The models of electric-powered automatic open- end wrenches would be runned by electric drill or similar electric device with adjustable revolution. The connection between driving machine and automatic open-end wrench is realized through the cable adjusted to the end of driving axle of the open-end wrench. Covers for the basis of the electric-powered models are not here presented, because every expert in this field can imagine how they should look.
All models of automatic open wrench, both mechanic and electric, need adaptors, so that common socket wrenches could be used.
Author reserves the rights of patenting and manufacturing of pneumatic- powered automatic open- end wrench.
Brief description of the drawings The invention is described in various examples of performance shown in the sketch : Fig. I. Empty basis of the wrench Fig. 2. Cover of the wrench basis Fig. 3. Side view of the basis Fig. 4. Rotating gear wheel with a slit (enlarged) Fig. 5. Side view of the rotating gear wheel (enlarged) Fig. 6. Cross section of the basis with a rotating gear wheel (enlarged) Fig. 7. Possible model of the automatic open- end wrench with one spring Fig. 8. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with two pins Fig. 9. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with two springs Fig. 1 O. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with a leaf spring Fig. 11. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with two springs and cable with a button for lever immobilization Fig. 12. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench from Fig. 11. Both levers are immobilized, open gear wheel is being released Fig. 13. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with two external levers and also two external springs Fig. 14. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with a lever for change of direction (left- idle work- right), in a position when there is possible clockwise rotation of the open gear wheel Fig. 15. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench from Fig. 14, but in"idle work"position.
Fig. 16. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench runned by electric power through the excenter and the lever Fig. l7. Possible model of electric-powered automatic open-end wrench by worm gearing Fig. 18. Possible model of automatic open-end wrench with three gear wheels, one of them (middle) is driving gear, but with vertical handle
Fig. ! 9. Vertical section of the basis foot with the gear system from the image 16 Fig. 20. Possible model of the automatic open-end wrench with three gear wheels, one of which (middle) is driving gear, with laid handle Detailed description of the invention Fig. 10 shows the mechanism of the automatic open-end (fork) wrench whose function of rotation of the open gear wheel 4 is defined by position of levers 31 and 32.
By rotating the the open gear wheel anticlockwise, lever 31 is being pressed lower, thus pressing the spring 37, and the lever 32, by rotating on rivet-axle 23 is being, in its upper part, moved to the right. By further rotation of the open gear wheel, springs 36 and 37 move lever ends to the bottom of the next cog.
Since the slit's size of the basis and rotating gear wheel 4 is exactly the distance between two cogs, and the distance between the levers ends 31 and 32 is thre cogs, it is obvious that one of the levers is always in function. So this wrench has the function of automatic fork wrench. When using this automatic open-end wrench it often happens that the bolt's thread or the pipe is being"captured"in the inner space of the open rotating gear wheel, so the cable 39 with attached button 40 is driven through the levers 32 (fixed) and 31 (slide). By pulling the button 39 towards the middle of the wrench both levers are being immobilized which releases the open gear wheel, and by releasing the button, springs 36 and 37 return the levers 31 and 32 to their initial position. Motion of the spring 37 is limited on one end by fixed fillness of the wrench basis 38. Since the button 39 must be placed above the cover of the wrench 27, it is obvious that appropriate slit must be made in the cover of the wrench so the button 40 can be moved.
Industrial Application Automatic open-end wrench enables fastening and unfastening of bolts in machine-tool industry, where usually open-end (fork) wrenches are used in function of automatic fastening and unfastening. Besides, this wrench can be used as automatic close-end wrench and socket wrench, and with appropriate adaptor it can be used with all socket wrenches (extensions).