The object of the invention is the photovoltaic module with a cooling systems, destined for retrieval of electric and thermal energy from the solar radiation.

The photovoltaic module, known from the Polish patent application No. P.402953, comprises a core destined for transportation of light, an absorber layer with a luminescence dye, fulfilling the function of a concentrator and at least one photovoltaic cell. The light refraction coefficient of the absorber is lower than the core light refraction while the photovoltaic cells are located in a planar way on the module surface.

The system for decreasing the photovoltaic module operating temperature value, integrated with a heat exchanger, known from the Polish patent application No. P .401913, is mounted on an assembly frame where, between the contact surfaces of the photovoltaic module and the exchanger, there is located a thermo-conductive material layer and the stable connection of the photovoltaic module and the exchanger is ensured by the fixing binder complete with pressure components. The exchanger casing comprises two aluminium panel s between which there is located an aluminium panel, and the external aluminium panel is insulated via the thermal insulation.

The photovoltaic module integrated with a heat store of the phase change, known from the Polish patent application No. P.401848, is destined for decreasing the operating temperature value of the photovoltaic module, on a common frame. Between the photovoltaic module and a copper panel, there is located a thermo-conductive material, where the photovoltaic module and the heat store are mounted in the mounting frame and fixed within it with pressure components. Between the photovoltaic module and heat store contact layers, there is located a thermo-conductive material layer.

The hybrid solar system known from the Polish patent application No. P.398547 has the photovoltaic module mounted between a glass panel - from the top, and an electrical insulation in the form of a thin transparent silicone layer of an increased thermal resistance, or of a sprayed plastic - from the bottom. Directly under the electrically insulated photovoltaic module layer, there is located a metal panel to which, from the bottom, there are soldered two channels of corrugated sheet, forming a meander enabling flow of the working medium through the full surface of the device. The system is protected, from the bottom, with a thermal insulation and is enclosed in a metal frame.

The integrated photovoltaic module with the solar heat collector, known from the Polish patent description No. PL.203881, is characterised in that, in the frame, there are mounted a transparent cover and a metal panel where, in the transparent cover, there are mounted the photovoltaic cells that are interconnected one with another in the serial / parallel manner while, between the transparent cover and the metal panel, there is formed a water chamber which is provided with an inlet stub pipe and an outlet stub pipe and, on the internal side of the metal panel, there is laid an adsorption panel.

The photovoltaic panel cooling system is known from the international patent application No. WO2011009993. For cooling of the photovoltaic panel, the system is provided with an absorption component absorbing the cooling liquid, which is located in the rear part of the photovoltaic panel .The absorption component constitutes a part of the cooling circuit wherein the liquid cooling medium is being cooled, introduced into the absorption component area. The absorption component is located in a casing that avoids evaporation of the cooling medium. The cooling system includes a pipe located in the absorption component area, through which the cooling medium flows out, which is interconnected, with a return conduit, with the cooling circuit In addition, the cooling system includes a cooler and a radiator, interconnected, via a return conduit, with the cooling fluid tank, that - with use of a pump and via a pipeline - is directed to nozzles for spreading the cooling medium onto the absorption component

The essence of the photovoltaic module as per the invention consists in that the photovoltaic pane located in the casing above the first planar-form tank onto which, from the bottom, a thermal insulation layer is spread. Above the photovoltaic panel, there is situated the second planar-form tank is situated, the planar walls of which are made of Favourably transparent glass panel s and, on the external transparent panel of the second planar-form tank, at least one longitudinal lens is provided. Between the internal transparent panel of the second planar-form tank and the photovoltaic panel, there is situated an air chamber.

Favourably, the upper part of the first planar-form tank is interconnected with the cooling fluid tank provided with an upper stub-pipe and equipped with a valve, Favourably of the float type, while the cooling fluid tank is interconnected, via the cooler and the radiator, with the lower part of the first planar-form tank and, in addition, the lower part of the first planar-form tank is provided with a lower stub pipe.

Favourably, the cooler with the radiator is interconnected with the lower part of the first planar-from tank via a solenoid valve or a pressure thermostat.

Favourably, the cooling fluid tank is of a rectangular prism shape, the walls of which are set under an angle with respect of the upper surface of the first planar-form tank.

Favourably, the upper part of the second planar-form tank operating in the closed circulation is connected to the heat exchanger tank which, with a gravitational circulation tube is connected with the lower part of the second planar-form tank.

Favourably, inside the heat exchanger tank, there is placed an exchanger pipe complete with the heat exchanger radiator.

Favourably, in the air chamber, there are produced two openings, the upper and the lower ones.

Favourably, the openings are provided with stub pipes discharging heated-up useful air.

Favourably, the casing is constituted by a rectangular prism container, open from the top, to the bottom of which, there are mounted, sequentially, a thermal insulation layer, the first planar-form tank, the photovoltaic panel, the air chamber, the second planar-form tank and a gasket, the most favourably of silicone, located along the casing perimeter.

Favourably, between the casing and the thermal insulation layer, there is located an aluminium foil.

Favourably, along the photovoltaic panel, there are mounted, in parallel with regard to each other, at least two mirrors, the reflexive surfaces of which are situated on the photovoltaic panel side.

Favourably, the mirrors are set on rods or in frames connected with the casing.

Favourably, the distance between the mirrors is equal to their height and the height, at which the lower edges of the mirrors are situated, from the photovoltaic panel. Is equal to their height. Favourably, between the first planar-form tank and the air chamber, there is located the photovoltaic panel, the cells of which are concertinaed and, in addition, to the casing, there is fixed a spatial mirror system, closed from the top with a transparent cover while the reflexive surfaces of the mirror system are situated from the photovoltaic panel side.

Favourably, the spatial mirror system has the mirrors located around the photovoltaic panel, wherein, along each side of the photovoltaic panel, there are located four mirrors set under an angle with respect to each other, the section of which resembles a trapezoid only with the upper basis and two arms, while, in the view from the top, the spatial mirror system constitutes a rectangular stepwise cut with four bevels at each corner.

The photovoltaic module complete with the cooling system, as per the invention, mounted in the casing, is characterised with a durable and stable connection of the photovoltaic panel with the planar-form tanks via which the cooling medium flows. The module makes it possible to gain, independently, the three energies in the form of the electric energy, heated-up air and heated-up liquid. The application of the lenses and mirrors makes it possible to condense and to thicken the solar energy on the photovoltaic panel, considerably increases their electrical efficiency and the possibility to gain the thermal energy in the form of hot useful water and warm air that serves tor heating up the rooms during the intermediate periods. The efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in the electrical energy generation increases by more than four times through application of lenses, mirrors and the photovoltaic panel with the cells concertinaed, that increase the solar radiation density. By the application of the mirrors and lenses, this may be increased up to more than 15-ply. Such thickening of the solar radiation results in a high temperature value, that may be changed into electrical energy with a turbine driving an electrical generator, where the turbine is driven with a set of transparent tanks of transparent media, laid, alternatively, on the tanks with a liquid and the tanks with air, that refract the solar radiation what results in the liquid and gas movement. The first planar-form tank, connected with the cooler with the radiator protects the photovoltaic panel in a self-acting way against overheating. The module may be installed vertically on building walls what increases, both, their efficiency, especially in the winter periods, at the low position of the sun and makes it possible to use the solar radiation reflected from the snow, as well as it serves as the building warming. There is no need to clear snow during the winter period since the module is heated up by the other planar-form tank that results in melting snow. The compact photovoltaic module is a mobile device and it may be installed on shelves for building walls, balconies and terraces since it takes a small room and is of the aerodynamic shape.

The invention object, on an execution example, is depicted in the figure, where fig. 1 presents the longitudinal section of the photovoltaic module with the cooling system, fig. 2 - the longitudinal section of the photovoltaic module with the gravitational circulation pipe, fig. 3 - the photovoltaic module in the front view, fig. S - the photovoltaic module in the axonometric view, from the rear side, fig. 6 - the photovoltaic module provided with two mirrors, fig. 7 - the photovoltaic module provided with ten mirrors, fig. 8 - the compact photovoltaic module in the view from the front side, and gig. 9 - the cross section of the compact photovoltaic module.

Example 1

The photovoltaic module with the cooling system has the photovoltaic panel 3 located in the casing 1. The casing 1 is constituted by the rectangular prism container made of metal sheet, open from the top, to the bottom of which there are mounted, sequentially, the thermal insulation layer 5, the first planar-shape tank 4, the photovoltaic panel 3, the air chamber 14, the second planar-shape tank 8 and the gasket 6 of silicone, located along the casing 1 periphery. The photovoltaic panel 3 is located above the first planar-shape tank 4 on which, from the bottom, is spread the thermal insulation layer 5 of mineral wool, while above the photovoltaic panel 3 - the second planar-form tank 8, the planar walls of which are made of transparent glass panel s 2, and on the external transparent panel 2 of the second planar-form tank 8 there are placed the longitudinal lenses 9, highly increasing the optical efficiency and prolonging, from 5 up to 8 hours, the solar light operation time. The upper part of the second planar-form tank 8, operating in the closed circulation is connected to the heat exchanger tank 16 which, by the gravitational circulation tube 20, via the convection circulation stub pipe 21, is connected with the lower part of the second planar-form tank 8. Between the internal transparent panel 2 of the second planar-form tank 8 and the photovoltaic panel 3, there is situated the air chamber 14 wherein the two openings 13 are provided, the upper and the lower one, provided with the stub pipes discharging the heated-up useful air that may serve, during the spring - summer intermediate periods for heating flats. The upper part of the first planar-form tank 4 is connected to the cooling fluid tank 11, provided with the upper stub pipe 7 and equipped with the valve 15, of the float type, while the cooling fluid tank 11 is connected by the cooler and radiator 12 with the lower part of the first planar-form tank 4. The lower part of the first planar-form tank 4 is provided with the lower stub pipe 18. The cooler and the radiator 12 is interconnected with the lower part of the first planar-form tank 4, via the solenoid valve 23. The cooling fluid 11 is of a rectangular prism shape, the walls of which are set under an angle with regard of the upper surface of the first planar-shape tank 4.

Example 2

The photovoltaic module complete with the cooling system is made as in the first example with the difference that the cooler with the radiator 12 is connected with the lower part of the first planar-form tank 4, via the thermostat, within the heat exchanger tank 16, there is located the exchanger pipe 19 with the heat exchanger radiator 17. In addition, between the casing 1 and the thermal insulation layer S, there is located an aluminium foil 10. The casing 1 is made of plastic and, at the place of connection of the solenoid valve 23, a pressure thermostat is connected.

Example 3

The photovoltaic module with the cooling system is made as in the first example or the second example, with the difference that, along the photovoltaic panel 3, there are mounted, in parallel, the two mirrors 22, the reflexive surfaces of which are situated from the side of the photovoltaic panel 3. The mirrors 22 are mounted on the rods connected with the casing 1. The casing 1 is made of fibreglass.

Example 4

The photovoltaic module with the cooling system, made as in the fourth example, with the difference that, along the photovoltaic panel 3, there are mounted in parallel with regard one to another, the ten mirrors 22 where the distances between the mirrors 22 are equal to their height and the height at which the lower edges of the mirrors 22 are situated with respect to the photovoltaic panel 3 is equal to their height The minors are mounted within the frames connected with the casing 1. The application of the mirrors 22 with the reflexive surfaces makes it possible to condense and thicken the solar energy when isolation is relatively weak and the sun rays fall onto the photovoltaic panel 3 under a high angle and are of no significance at the noon, at the nearly rectangular sun ray falling angle.

Example S

The photovoltaic module with the cooling system, made as in the first or second example, with the difference that it is a compact, mobile photovoltaic module that, between the first planar-form tank 4 and the air chamber 14, the photovoltaic panel 3 is located, the cells of which are concertinaed. To the casing, there is fixed the spatial mirror system 35, closed from the top with a transparent cover 24, while the reflexive surfaces of the mirror system 25 are situated from the side of the photovoltaic panel 3. The spatial mirror system 25 has the mirrors 25 located around the photovoltaic panel 3, where, along each side of the photovoltaic panel 3, four mirrors 25 are located, set under an angle one with respect to another, the section of which resembles a trapezoid with the upper basis only and two arms, while, within the view from the top, the spatial mirror system 25 constitutes a rectangular stepwise cut with four bevels in each corner. The solution constitutes a structure following the sun position with tye spatial situation of the mirrors 22 of the reflexive surfaces that is characterised with a high thickening of the sunlight, circa four times per average.

The first planar-form tank 4, mounted from behind the photovoltaic panel 3, operates in the open circulation and is being filled from the tank for non-freezing liquid 11, via the float valve 15, with the cooling liquid that ensures a good heat reception. The cooling liquid flows gravitationally from top to bottom, where the liquid flow down is fast or slow in dependence of the cloudiness and the air temperature. A high cooling fluid temperature value may be used for heating up the useful water. In addition, the condensation and thickening of the solar energy via the lenses 9 prolongs the sun operation time from 5 up to eight hours. The cooling fluid circulation control is typical for the heat energy collectors. The air chamber 14, within which the air movement is missing, operates as a heat exchanger and ensures the heat conductivity from the photovoltaic panel 3 into the second planar-form tank filled with alcohol, of glass walls. However, if we receive heat from top to button, from the photovoltaic panel 3 with the first planar-form tank 4, then the air chamber from the bottom upwards 14 will ensure a good draught for us and cooling the photovoltaic panel 3 with air. In addition, in the second planar-form tank 9, the thermal radiation and ultraviolet radiation of the sun is received,

Application of the mirrors 22 doubles the solar energy between the sunrise and the sunset when insolation is relatively weak. The four mirrors of the mirror system 25 are set under an angle with respect of each other, the section of which resembles a trapezoid with the upper basis only and two arms while, in the view from the top, the spatial mirror system 25 constitutes a rectangular stepwise cut with the four bevels in each corner, there is a high thickening of the sunlight, circa for times per average. The first planar-form tank 4 with the convection circulation pipe and radiator 12, the aluminium foil 10 and the thermal insulation layer 5 from the photovoltaic panel 3 back and the air chamber 14, die second planar-form tank 8 complete with the lenses 9 from the photovoltaic panel e front ensure the thermal conductivity to the surrounding decreased down the minimum, independently of the year season; at the same time, the heat reception system protects the photovoltaic panel 3 against overheating.