PISTON ENGINE WITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention is about the mechanical set up which produces rotational motion from the energy that was generated by the combustion of liquid fuel and gas fuel.

KNOWN SITUATION OF THE TECHNIQUE

The common feature of the classic Otto engines of today is that the transformation of linear force into rotational motion is achieved with crankshafts which is the mutual element. The crankshaft is an eccentric shaft. It is the element that is directly connected to pistons through the connecting rods and converts the reciprocation of the pistons into rotational motion. It affects rotational motion as much as the intensity of the linear force. The crankshaft is one of the most expensive and important parts of all such machines. If the crankshaft is damaged, it is not possible to fix it and also the deformations that will appear in the manufacturing cannot be fixed later on. The other system is the centrifugal Wankel engine. These engines make three strokes in one revolution and as it reaches high revolutions and there is difficulty with oiling and extra fuel consumption is a problem. Besides frictional loss, there are difficulties for production and assembly. About the engine production, there is a technique, which I have its patent, under the number of TR2009/07688 B. In this technique there are some problems of material, difficulty in production and vibration that are difficult to solve. In my application with the number 2014/09315, these problems were solved and I created a technological system close to ideal. It is a technological engine that is appropriate for its purpose and with this technique it does four strokes in one revolution of 360 degrees.

PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The purpose of this device is to produce a low emission motor which creates rotational motion from the moment of inertia that is produced by the apparatus to get high efficiency from the energy coming from the combustion of liquid and gas. Explanations of the illustrations

The piston engine with internal combustion and moment of inertia that transforms the energy coming from the combustion of liquid and gas fuel into rotational motion are shown in the attached illustrations, which are created for the invention to reach its aim. In these illustrations, the dimensions are shown with the (t) symbol which is taken as a base to determine ideal dimensions and shapes of the apparatus in the engine, which are appropriate for its function. In accordance with this base (t) dimension, the illustrations that analyses the diagrams and orbits which are drawn about the working principle of the system;

Figure- 1 : Ml , M4=t/5 and M2, M5=t/5, the eccentric centre connected with the M4 centre is Ml . The eccentric centre connected with the M5 centre is M2. The distance between Ml and M2 is (2t) horizontally. Also the distance between M4 and M5 is (2t) which are the eccentric centres horizontally. When M4 and M5 centres rotate in reverse direction to each other in 90 degrees, the distance between Ml and M2 is (2t+z). The sliding length here is the sliding in the M2 centre when Ml centre is stable. Again, when it rotates in 270 degrees, the distance between Ml and M2 is again (2t+z). This sliding in here is the sliding distance in the Ml centre when M2 centre is stable. For this reason, the sliding tolerances must be applied in both centres.

Figure-2: M point, where (X) and (Y) coordinates intersect, is equal to the distances of jointed connecting rod element (3) to M3, M4 and M5 centres and has the length of (t).

Figure-3; M point, where (X) and (Y) coordinates intersect, is equal to the distances of symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) to M4, M5 and M6 centres and has the length of (t).

The determination of the overlap for the diagrams which are drawn simultaneously by the M3 centre of the jointed connecting rod element (3 ) that moves connected with the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5) that move in the opposite direction of each other in their centres end M6 centre of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4); Figure-4; the beginning point for the infinity symbol diagram is B l that will be drawn by the M3 point of jointed connecting rod element (3) that makes two- centred motion movement connected with the Ml and M2 eccentric rod of eccentric element (A1.5) whose rotation centres are M4 and M5. Also the beginning point for the infinity symbol diagram is B3 that will be drawn by the M6 point of symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) that makes two- centred motion movement connected with the Ml and M2 eccentric rod of the eccentric element (A2.5), which is in the symmetry of that. Figure-5; when the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5), whose rotation centres are M4 and M5, rotate for the first time in 90 degrees, the jointed connecting rod element (3) draw CI diagram between B 1 -B2 and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) draws C5 diagram between B3-B4. Figure-6; when the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5), whose rotation centres are M4 and M5, rotate for the second time in 90 degrees, the jointed connecting rod element (3) draw C2 diagram between B2-B3 and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) draws C6 diagram between B4-B 1. Figure-7; when the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5), whose rotation centres are M4 and M5, rotate for the third time in 90 degrees, the jointed connecting rod element (3) draw C7 diagram between B3-B4 and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) draws C3 diagram between B 1-B2. Figure-8; when the eccentric elements (Al .5) and (A2.5), whose rotation centres are M4 and M5, rotate for the fourth time in 90 degrees, the jointed connecting rod element (3) draw C8 diagram between B4-B1 and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) draws C4 diagram between B2-B3. Determining eccentric distance of the shuttle element (Al .2);

Figure-9; B2 point is the point where the motion diagram ends for the jointed connecting rod element's (3) in 90 degrees and symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) in 270 degrees.

The distance between B2 and B3 points is the diagram of the motion in 90 degrees. The eccentric centre of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A12.2) have to be in an equal distance to B2, which is the start point, and B3 point, the end point of the diagram in 90 degrees. As the orbit of the centre of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) is a diagram, the diameter of the circle, which is tangent to the end point of the diagram from D2 point, is the eccentric sliding distance of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2). This distance is determined as (r=t/12).

Figure- 10; the distance between (B l ) and (B2) is the motion diagram point of the jointed connecting rod element (3) first one in 90 degrees and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) in 270 degrees. The distance between B3 and B4 point is the motion point of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) first one in 90 degrees and the jointed connecting rod element (3) in 270 degrees. The intersection point of B l , B2 and B3, B4 diagrams is the D3 point on axis X. D4 point, which the circle with the diameter of (r=tl2) that is drawn from this point cuts the X axis, as it is equally distant from both diagrams, is the eccentric centre of the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A.2.2). The shuttle elements (A 1.2) and (A.2.2) make their two-way motions throughout the straight lines of these two diagrams.

Figure-1 1 ; B4 point is the motion of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) in 90 degrees and end point of the motion diagram of the jointed connecting rod element (3) in 270 degrees. The distance between B4 and Bl points is the motion diagram in 90 degrees. The eccentric centre of shuttle elements (Al .2) and (A2.2) have to be in an equal distance to B4, the start point and B l point, the end point of the diagram in 90 degrees. As the orbit of the centre of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) is diagram, the diameter of the circle which is tangent to the diagram's end point from Dl point, is the eccentric sliding distance of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2). This distance is determined as (r=t/12).

Determining the oscillation axis of the hammer (Al .1) and oscillation boundary, Figure-12; the determined eccentric centres of shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) are Dl , D2 and D4. The centre of the circle which is passing these points is on the X axis and is Ml 1 , which is the oscillation axis. The straight line that combines D l and Mi l points is the tip oscillation boundary counter clockwise and the straight line that combines D2 and Mi l points is the tip oscillation boundary counter clockwise and it happens between these two straight lines. The explanation for the formation of the opposing forces made by apparatus Al and A2, that are symmetric to each other and follow each other with shaft angle interval distance in 180 degrees ; Figure-13; When the centres of the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) of the accelerating symmetric A2 apparatus come to the rotation point B4 and B2 on the diagram, the straight line of oscillation axis, which passes the fixed and joint point (Nl 1) of the hammer elements (A 1.1) and (A2.1) that moves connected to the eccentric centre of the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) also makes an angle of 15.5° on each sides with the straight line of tip oscillation axis. Beginning from the eccentric centre of the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2), the system is balanced at the position when the straight line whose the rotation point passes B4 and B2 makes the Q angle in the eccentric centre of the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) with the straight line of oscillation axis of hammer elements (A 1.1) and (A2.1).

When the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5) that move connected to the chain gear group (6) of the accelerating system rotate reversely to each other, they accelerate the jointed connecting rod element (3) and the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) clockwise and counter clockwise, as the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) in their bearing with the centre M3 and M6 are connected to the hummer elements (Al . l) and (A2.1) through the eccentric centre and as the distances to this points are fixed, it has to rotate around its centre clockwise and counter clockwise. While the shuttle elements (A 1.2) and (A2.2) make this movement, load tip of eccentric centre, the centre of motion point and the point of this straight line which cuts the orbit turn into a leverage with a forge tip S, the Q angle widens. While the stable Nl 1 jointed centre of the oscillation axis of hummer elements (Al . l ) and (A2.1) that move according to the leverage principles always become the bearing point; the other two tip oscillation distance change according to their position. If its movement from the tip oscillation angle is clockwise or counter clockwise; the (CK2) point in the range of

76.8°angle is the force tip. If it is in the range of 15.5°angle; it turns into a leverage that works as a tip load. The pistons (lOa-lOb-l Oc-l Od) of the parallel apparatus (A2) are connected to CK2 point via piston rods ( 1 l a-1 lb-1 l c- 1 I d). When the symmetric apparatus (A2) are in this position, when they transmit the gas pressure force to jointed connecting rod element (3) and symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4), which move clockwise or counter clockwise, which the shuttle elements (A1.2) and (A2.2) are connected, the Q angle grows and damages the balance of the system. The shuttle elements (A1 .2) and (A2.2) of the system with a damaged balance turn into a leverage with their rotation clockwise around their centre and this lift force is bigger than the lift force rate of the leverage system created by the hammer elements (Al . l) and (A2.1 ). The opposing force which is created via this technique constantly produces the compression force which is needed to compress the gases, as a feature of the system, until it completes the range of 15.5°angle. These functions that are created in the rotation points B4 and B2 accelerate with the reverse motions of the symmetric apparatus (A2). Figure- 14|- It is the section (1-1) view of elements of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel, which are placed with the measurements that are determined according to their functions. Figure- 15- It is the section (2-2) view of elements of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel, which are placed with the measurements that are determined according to their functions. Figure- 16- It is the section (3-3) view of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel.

Figure- 17- It is the section (4-4) view of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel.

Figure- 18- It is the section (5-5) view of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel.

Figure- 19- It is the section (6-6) view of the mechanic system that produces rotation motion from the energy after the combustion of liquid and gas fuel.

Figure-20- It is the perspective view of the hammer element (Al . l ) and (A 1.1a).

Figure-21 - It is the perspective view of the hammer element (A2.1 ) and (A2.1 a).

Figure-22- It is the perspective view of the shuttle element (A l .2) and (A2.2).

Figure-23- It is the perspective view of the jointed connecting rod element (3). Figure-24- It is the perspective view of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4).

Figure-25- It is the perspective view of the eccentric element (A1.5) and (A2.5). Figure-26- It is the plan view of the gear group (6).

Figure-27- It is the perspective view of the shaft element (7).

Figure-28- It is the perspective view of the flywheel element (8).

Figure-29- It is the view of the starter motor (9).

Figure-30- It is the perspective view of the piston elements (l Oa-l Ob-l Oc- lOd). Figure-31- It is the plan view of the piston rods (1 la- 1 l b- 1 l c- 1 Id).

Figure-32- It is the plan view of the exhaust valve element (12a-12b-12c-12d). Figure-33- It is the plan view of the inlet valve element (13a-13b-13c-13d). Figure-34- It is the plan view of the ignition element (14a-14b-14c-14d).

Figure-35- It is the plan view of cylinder element (15a-15b- 15c-15d).

Explanations of the references in the illustrations,

MK) Engine housing;

A 1.1 ) Hammer element

A 1.1 a) Hammer element

A2.1) Hammer element

A2.1a) Hammer element

A 1.2) Shuttle element

A2.2) Shuttle element

3) Jointed connecting rod element

4) Symmetric jointed connecting rod element

A1.5) Eccentric element

A2.5) Eccentric element

6) Chain gear group

7) Shaft element

8) Flywheel guard

9) Starter motor

S I , S2, S3 and S4) The elements of pressing volumes:

10a) Piston element

10b ) Piston element

10c ) Piston element

I Od ) Piston element

I I a) Piston rods

l ib) Piston rods

1 1 c) Piston rods

1 1 d) Piston rods 12a ) Inlet valve

12b ) Inlet valve

12c ) Inlet valve

12d ) Inlet valve

13a ) Exhaust valve

13b ) Exhaust valve

13c ) Exhaust valve

13d ) Exhaust valve

14a ) Ignition element

14b ) Ignition element

14c ) Ignition element

14d ) Ignition element

15a ) Cylinder element

15b) Cylinder element

15c) Cylinder element

15d) Cylinder element

Explanation for the invention The subject of the invention is the piston engine with internal combustion and moment of inertia including two main groups: engine housing (MK) and pressing volumes (S I , S2, S3 and S4). This is a mechanic setup that is formed by placing some elements anti-symmetrically to each other in the engine housing (MK). The analysis of features of the apparatuses; (Al ) and (A2), which are used symmetrically and function in reverse direction to each other, in the engine housing (MK) of this technology and the pressing volumes (S I , S2, S3 and S4) of the motor which is an integral part.

Apparatus; Al

When you apply linear force to the hammer element (A 1.1 ) of this apparatus that functions according to the leverage principle in the engine housing (MK); it makes its oscillation motion in the distance of the oscillation angle and transfers that as a pressure force to the jointed connecting rod element (3) through the integral part of the system which is the shuttle element (A 1.2) at the tip of the load. Because of this pressure force, the jointed connecting rod element (3) with a damaged balance depends on the motions of the eccentric elements (A 1.5) and makes them rotate in reverse direction to each other. Rotation motion is applied to the flywheel element (8) at the tip of the shaft element (7), which is in the centre of the chain gear group (6), which have it made the rotation motion in reverse direction, via starter motor (9) and while the eccentric elements (A1.5) rotate reversely, they make the jointed connecting rod element (3) the two- centred rotation motion and the shuttle element (A1.2), depending on that, transfers these motions to the linear force. While the shuttle element (A1.2), which transfers these two motions to each other, makes the rotational motions in 90° clockwise and in 90° counter clockwise; the eccentric centre completes the oscillation angle spring two times in one tour of rotation time, and its centre completes diagram motion of the infinity symbol, which is formed with the two- centred motion of the jointed connecting rod element (3), in one tour of rotation time. During their motions, one of the eccentric centres of the eccentric shafts (A1.5) makes its position vertically and the other makes its upright position once each. And the points, which the straight line of the axis of the hammer element (Al . l) makes 15.3° angle with the oscillation point angle two times, are the rotation points of the shuttle element (A 1.2), which makes the oscillation motions connected with the hammer element (Al . l ). Before these points, the jointed connecting rod element (3) depends on the motions of the hammer element (Al . l ) in both directions and the shuttle element (Al .2) can do its two- way motions. After these points, the bearing that is the centre of the shuttle element (A1.2), which can not do its rotational motion back as it depends on the two centred motion movement of the jointed connecting rod element (3), turns into a leverage whose eccentric centre functions as the tip of the load. And although a linear force is applied in the reverse direction of the ongoing oscillation motion of the hammer element (Al . l ), there is another opposing force bigger than this linear force, after the shuttle element (A 1.2) continues its oscillation motion in 15.3° until the oscillation point angle and the eccentric element (A1.5) completes its rotational motion in 90°. This feature happens in the two rotation points, in clockwise and counter clockwise directions.

Symmetric Apparatus; A2

When you apply linear force to the hammer element (A2.1 ) of this apparatus that functions according to the leverage principle in the engine housing (MK); it makes its oscillation motion in the oscillation angle and transfers the pressure force to symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) through shuttle element (A2.2) at the tip of the load, which is an integral part of the system. Because of this pressure force, the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) with a damaged balance depends on the motion of the eccentric elements (A2.5) and makes them rotate in reverse direction to each other. Rotation motion is applied to the flywheel element (8) at the tip of the shaft element (7), which is in the centre of the chain gear group (6), which have it made the rotation motion in reverse direction, via starter motor (9) and while the eccentric elements (A2.5) rotate reversely, they make the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) the two-centred rotation motion and the shuttle element (A2.2), depending on that, transfers these motions into the linear force. While the shuttle element (A2.2), which transfers these two motions to each other, makes the rotational motions in 90° clockwise and in 90° counter clockwise; the eccentric centre completes the oscillation angle spring two times in one tour of rotation time, and its centre completes diagram motion of the infinity symbol, which is formed with the two- centred motion of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4), in one tour of rotation time. During their motions, one of the eccentric centres of the eccentric shafts (A2.5) makes its position vertically and the other makes its upright position once each. And the points, which the straight line of the axis of the hammer element (A2.1) makes 15.3° angle with the oscillation point angle two times, are the rotation points of the shuttle element (A2.2), which makes the oscillation motions connected with the hammer element (A2.1 ). Before these points, the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4) depends on the motions of the hammer element (A2.1) in both directions and the shuttle element (A2.2) can do its two-way motions.

After these points, the bearing that is the centre of the shuttle element (A2.1 ), which can not do its rotational motion back as it depends on the two-centred motion movement of the symmetric jointed connecting rod element (4), turns into a leverage whose eccentric centre functions as the tip of the load.

And although a linear force is applied in the reverse direction of the ongoing oscillation motion of the hammer element (A2.1), there is another opposing force bigger than this linear force, after the shuttle element (A2.2) continues its oscillation motion in 15.3° until the oscillation point angle and the eccentric element (A2.5) completes its rotational motion in 90°. This feature happens in the two rotation points, in clockwise and counter clockwise directions.

Press volumes; (S1-S2) (S3-S4)

There are two groups of cylindrical press volumes (S 1 -S2) (S3-S4), as two teams, in this group that compresses the gases. Piston elements (10a- 10b) (10c- l Od) of each group of from the two teams, which compress the gases, are connected to the hammer elements (A 1 .1 ) and (A2.1 ) of the apparatus through piston rods (l la-l lb) (l lc-1 Id). This mechanic system is an absolute part of the engine which produces linear motion with the compression and combustion of the liquid and gas fuels.

The analysis of the cycle of the cylinders S 1 ,S2,S3 and S4 when the eccentric elements (A1.5) and (A2.5) of the Al and A2 apparatus of the piston engine, consuming liquid and gas fuel, with internal combustion and moment of inertia, come to the horizontal standing position;

When rotational motion is applied to the flywheel element (8) at the tip of the shaft element (7) of the chain gear group (6) of the engine via starter motor (9); S I cylinder piston (10a) and S2 cylinder piston (10b) functions depending on the motions of the hammer element (A 1.1). S I cylinder piston (10a) is in the distance of the oscillation time interval in 19.1 ° of the straight line of the tip oscillation axis clockwise and while absorption is going on, S2 cylinder piston (10b) continues pressing and when it comes to the straight line of the tip oscillation axis counter clockwise, to the time interval of the rotation point within the distance of the 15.3° oscillation angle; the combustion happens. And the hammer element (A 1.1 ) which continues the oscillation motion with the opposing force made by the shuttle element (A 1.2), completes the pressing motion of the piston element (10b) until the upper dead point. While S3 cylinder piston (10c) and S4 cylinder piston (l Od) function depending on the motions of the hammer element (A2.1); S3 cylinder piston (10c) is in the distance of the time interval of oscillation angle at 19.1 ° of the straight line of the tip oscillation axis clockwise and while the exhaust continues exhausting the gas, S4 cylinder piston (lOd) went away from the straight line of the tip oscillation axis as much as the time interval distance of oscillation angle at 19.1 °. While the combustion goes on with the opposing force created in the rotation point having the combustion timing of the cycle; four-cycle engine is created with a feature of accelerating the rotational motion. This feature is not in the other engine technologies and as the continuity of the rotational motion in the mentioned interval is enabled with the momentum of the engine, this is a disadvantage in the production of the rotational motion.

The invention's form of application into industry The mechanical system, serves for the above-mentioned purposes and consists of the technology that transforms the energy coming from the combustion of liquid and gas fuel into rotational motion and the symmetric arrangement of the apparatus (Al and A2), which moves simultaneously and reversely, is a 'piston engine with internal combustion and moment of inertia'. This engine with low emission will be third generation motor technology of the automotive industry.