TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosed technology relates to a composition comprising: (a) a pigment, (b) a hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer, (c) a film forming polymer different from (b), and wherein the composition comprises a polar solvent present at up to 95 wt % of the composition. The disclosed technology further relates to the use and method of the disclosed technology in cosmetic applications. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cosmetic compositions such as a foundation, lip-stick, mascara, and nail varnishes are often coloured using a pigment. The cosmetic compositions are applied to skin, eyelashes, eyebrows or nails to form a coating/film. However, the coating/film is susceptible to stresses and rubbing due to factors such as changes to facial expression, or contact with other bodies/surfaces. The result of these changes is believed to have a greater impact on the amount of pigment retained in the cosmetic. With stresses and/or rubbing pigment is believed to have a tendency to wear away because it is less resistant to changes in stresses and rubbing. Consequently with increased wear away, the coating of the cosmetic on the skin, eyelashes, eyebrows or nails is reduced and a loss of colour occurs.

Hyperbranched or dentritic polymers are known in personal care formulations such as hair care products as described in US2011/0293552 (published 1 December 2011, Derici et al), US7914773 (published 29 March, 2011, Derici et al.) and US2014/0348771 (published 27 November 2014, Beumer et al.). In contrast to cosmetic compositions, none of the hair care products such as shampoo and conditioner remain in contact with skin for a prolonged period of time as they are washed off during use.

WO2012/131068 (published 4 October 2012, Gavillion et al.) relates to the cosmetic treatment of human perspiration, and optionally underarm odours, in which an antiperspirant polymeric cosmetic material comprising at least two zones A and B is applied to the skin, zone A being formed from at least one hydrophilic film- forming polymer and zone B being formed from at least one non- pressure-sensitive-adhesive, hydrophobic film-forming polymer. The polymers disclosed therein may include a hyperbranched polymer. Antiperspirant compositions are believed to work by blocking sweat ducts rather than forming a coating on skin that acts as a cosmetic.

WO2006/118460 (published 9 November 2006, Van Gemert et al.) discloses a hydrogel that consists of gellants of a hydrophilic polymer to which at least two 4H-units are covalently attached, wherein the 4H-unit has a defined formula and requires a N- containing heterocyclic moiety.

CA2781185 (published 3 June 2011, Wendel et al.) and US2011124729 (published 26 May 2011, Wendel et al.) both disclose highly branched polyester which is completely or partly substituted by linear or branched C4- to C40- alkyl- or alkenyl radicals. The polyester may be used in a cosmetic formulation as a thickener.

US2014/0057998 (published 27 February 2014, Wendel et al.) discloses a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising at least one highly-branched polycarbonate which is substituted completely or partly with linear or branched C4-C40-alkyl or alkenyl radicals, wherein the substitution takes place with a compound.

WO2008/074846 (published 26 June 2008, Blin et al.) discloses a kit comprising two separately packaged compositions intended for application to the skin: at least one first composition comprising a compound X; at least one second composition comprising a compound Y; one of at least of the compounds X and Y being a silicone compound, and said compounds X and Y reacting together by a hydrosilylation reaction, thus forming a hydrosilylated product. The compound X disclosed therein may include a hyperbranched polymer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It would be advantageous to have a composition that may be applied topically to provide at least one of increased rub (or wear) resistance, increased coating flexibility, and/or reduced colour loss. In one embodiment the composition may also be easier to apply topically as the composition may be more spreadable.

As used herein, the transitional term "comprising," which is synonymous with "including," "containing," or "characterized by," is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, un-recited elements or method steps. However, in each recitation of "comprising" herein, it is intended that the term also encompass, as alternative embodiments, the phrases "consisting essentially of and "consisting of," where "consisting of excludes any element or step not specified and "consisting essentially of permits the inclusion of additional un-recited elements or steps that do not materially affect the basic, essential and novel characteristics of the composition, method or use under consideration.

As used herein reference to gel is used in the ordinary sense defined by IUPAC and is intended to include a non-fluid colloidal network or polymer network that is expanded throughout its whole volume by a fluid. The fluid may for instance be water or alcohol.

Unless otherwise indicated concentrations of each ingredient of the composition disclosed herein is on a weight basis relative to the total composition disclosed herein.

Unless otherwise indicated various ingredients disclosed herein may be individual compounds, or in a mixture of compounds.

As used herein reference to skin is intended to include skin that covers the surface of the epidermis or stratum corneum e.g., facial, or body or lip skin.

As used herein reference to eyelashes is intended to include hair that grows at the edge of the eyelid. Compositions intended for application to the eyelashes include mascaras.

As used herein reference to eyebrows is intended to include hair that grows above the eye that follows the shape of the lower margin of the brow ridges. Compositions intended for application to the eyebrows include mascaras and eyebrow gloss.

The disclosed technology relates to a composition comprising:

(a) a pigment,

(b) 0.1 to 10 wt %, or 0.1 to 5 wt % of a hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer,

(c) a film forming polymer different from (b), and

wherein the composition comprises a polar solvent present at up to 95 wt %, or up to 90 wt % of the composition.

In one embodiment the composition disclosed herein is not a hydrogel (as defined by IUPAC as a gel in which the swelling agent is water).

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relates to a composition comprising:

(a) a pigment,

(b) 0.1 to 10 wt % of a hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic

polymer,

(c) a film forming polymer different from (b), and wherein the composition comprises a polar solvent present at up to 95 wt %, or up to 90 wt % of the composition.

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relates to a method of imparting a benefit to a cosmetic of at least one of increased rub resistance, increased coating flexibility, and/or reduced colour loss and/or more spreadable to skin or nail comprising supplying/administering to skin (for example human skin) or nail the composition disclosed herein.

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relates to a method of imparting a benefit to a cosmetic of at least one of increased rub resistance, increased coating flexibility, and/or reduced colour loss and/or more spreadable to skin, nail, eyelashes or eyebrows comprising supplying/administering to skin, nail, eyelashes or eyebrows (for example human skin, nail, eyelashes or eyebrows) the composition disclosed herein.

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relate to the use of the composition disclosed herein to increase rub resistance and/or increase coating flexibility of a foundation or a mascara, or a nail varnish (for example a foundation or a mascara). In one embodiment there may be an increase in rub resistance and an increase coating flexibility of a foundation or a mascara.

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relate to a method for protecting human skin against the deleterious effects of ultraviolet irradiation, comprising topically applying thereto an effective amount of the composition disclosed herein to skin.

The use and method disclosed herein are known to the skilled person as not encompassing therapeutic or medical treatment i.e., the disclosed use or method relate to a non-therapeutic use or method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The disclosed technology provides a composition, methods and uses as disclosed above. Cosmetic

The personal care compositions such as shampoos and conditioners known in the prior art have their compositions in contact with or on the skin for up to a few minutes until being washed off or otherwise removed from skin. In contrast, the compositions disclosed here are typically intended to remain in contact with or on skin for a prolonged period of time. For example the compositions disclosed herein may be in contact with or on skin for at least one or two hours. In some instances the composition disclosed herein may be on nails for up to 7 days, or 48 hours, or for a foundation, BB cream, CC cream, lip-stick, eyebrow gloss and/or mascara (eye-lashes) up to 24 hours, or up to 18 or 12, or 8 hours.

The composition disclosed herein may be a colour cosmetic.

The cosmetic may be a foundation, lip-stick, tinted moisturiser, BB cream (also referred to as a blemish balm, or beauty balm), CC cream (also referred to as colour control cream, or a colour correcting cream), or mascara. In one embodiment the cosmetic may be a foundation, tinted moisturiser, or lip-stick). In different embodiments the cosmetic composition may be a foundation or a lip-stick.

The BB cream and CC cream are believed to be a tinted moisturiser containing sun protection. BB creams and CC creams, as understood by a person skilled in the art, typically comprise a primer, serum, moisturiser, foundation and sun protection, with a greater focus on skin care (for example a higher level of sun protection) in the CC cream.

The composition may be in the form of a gel, cream, lotion, spray or serum. In one embodiment the composition may be a cream, serum, or lotion.

The composition may be an emulsion or gel.

When the composition is a gel, the composition further comprises a thickener.

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relates to the cosmetic use of a composition disclosed herein (for example a foundation, a lip-stick, a mascara, or a nail varnish/polish).

In one embodiment the disclosed technology relates to the cosmetic use of a composition disclosed herein (for example a foundation, a lip-stick, or a mascara composition).

Pigment

The pigment may be organic or inorganic.

When organic, the pigment may be carbon black, an azo compound, xanthene, quinone, FD&C pigment, D&C pigment, or a lake pigment. A FD&C pigment is known in the art and approved by the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act).

A D&C pigment is known in the art and approved by US Food and Drug Administration.

An azo compound is known in the art and relates to a compound having a divalent -N=N- between two carbon atoms.

A lake pigment is known in the art and may be manufactured by precipitating a dye with an inert binder, or mordant, usually a metallic salt. Examples of a lake pigment include aluminum lakes, strontium lakes, or barium lakes.

Examples of FD&C and D&C pigments include Red 6, Red 7, Red 30, Red 34,

Yellow 5, Blue 1, or derivatives thereof.

The pigment may be surface treated, often with alkyl silanes, to improve dispersion in a hydrophobic media. The most common pigment surface treatment is triethoxycaprylylsilane .

When inorganic, the pigment may be iron oxide, especially red, yellow and black iron oxides, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, potassium ferricyanide (K ₃ 3Fe(CN)6, potassium ferrocyanide K Fe(CN)6.3H20, or potassium ferrocyanide dehydrate, or an oxide of, zinc, zirconium and/or cerium.

In one embodiment the pigment may be black iron oxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide and/or titanium dioxide.

In one embodiment the composition comprises pigment present at 0.1 to 20 wt %, or 2.5 to 18 wt %, or 5 to 15 wt % of the composition. The composition may be in the form of a foundation.

In one embodiment the composition comprises pigment present at 0.1 to 15 wt %, or 2.5 to 12 wt %, or 5 to 10 wt % of the composition. The composition may be in the form of a mascara.

In one embodiment the composition comprises pigment present at 0.1 to 35 wt %, or 1 to 20 wt %, or 2 to 15 wt % of the composition. The composition may be in the form of a lip-stick. Hyperbranched or Dendrimer Hydrophilic Polymer

The hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer may be considered as water- soluble. Water soluble is considered to mean that at least 0.1 g of hydrophilic polymer is dissolved in 100 mL of water.

Examples of hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer classes include a polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyesteramide (e.g. commercially sold under Hybrane™ S series), polyether (e.g. polyglycerol), polyphosphoester (e.g. polyphosphates and polyphosphonates), polyester (e.g. Boltorn™ H series), polyamidoamine (e.g. PAMAM), polyacrylate and polymethacrylate. The weight average molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer may range from 500 to 50,000, or 750 to 20,000, or 1000 to 10,000.

Examples of hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer end groups are hydroxyl, amine, carboxylate, phosphate, phosphonate, sulphate, sulphonate, a zwitterioninic group (e.g. carboxybetaine, sulfobetaine or phosphorylcholine), or a sugar moieties (e.g. glucose).

In one embodiment the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of greater than 20,000 has a hydrophilic core, and polymer end groups (such as -OH, or -NH ₂ ) have been further reacted with solubilising groups such as ethylene oxide- chains.

In one embodiment the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 750 to 20,000. Examples of the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer include a polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyesteramide (e.g. Hybrane™ S series), polyether (e.g. polyglycerol), or polyphosphoester (e.g. polyphosphates and polyphosphonates).

In one embodiment the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer may include a polyesteramide (e.g. Hybrane™ S series) and/or a polyether (e.g. polyglycerol).

The polyesteramide may be a condensation polymer containing ester groups and at least one amide group in the backbone, having at least one hydroxyalkylamide end group and having a weight average molecular mass of greater than 800 g/mol.

The polyesteramide may be prepared by a process comprising reacting a cyclic anhydride with an alkanolamine to form a hydroxylalkylamide, after which the polymer is obtained through polycondensation. Alternatively, the polyesteramide may be prepared by a process comprising reacting alkanolamine with a compound containing an acid group and an activated acid group, after which the polymer is obtained through polycondensation.

Alternatively, the polyesteramide may be prepared by a process comprising reacting a cyclic anhydride with an alcohol after which the reaction product obtained reacts in situ with an alkanolamine and the polymer is subsequently obtained through polycondensation.

The alkanolamine may be an alkyl-substituted p-hydroxyalkylamide such as (di)isopropanolamine, l-(m)-ethylisopropanolamine, (di)isobutanolamine, cyclohexylisopropanolamine, di-cyclohexanolamine and/or n-butylisopropanolamine.

A more detailed description of the polyesteramide is presented in WO99/16810

(published 8 April, 1999, Van Benthem et al.), for example see claims 1 to 16 of WO99/16810; and Examples I to IV on page 29 line 26 to page 32, line 26 for outline of the synthesis of representative examples of the polyesteramide.

In one embodiment the polyesteramide is unmodified i.e., the polyesteramide does not react with a monomer, oligomer, or polymer containing reactive groups that can react with a hydroxyalkylamide. In one embodiment the polyesteramide may be a polymer from claims 1-14 of WO99/16810.

The polyether may be homopolymer or copolymer. The homopolymer may be polyglycerol formed via ring-opening multibranching polymerization of glycidol (see for example disclosure in Macromolecules, 1999, 32 (13), pp 4240-4246, DOI: 10.1021/ma990090w). A copolymer may include copolymers of glycidol and one or more of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or other epoxides.

The polyether may be a homopolymer or copolymer. The homopolymer may be formed by polymerising ethylene oxide. A copolymer may include copolymers of ethylene oxide and one or more of propylene oxide and butylene oxide. The resultant copolymer may be a random or block copolymer having hyperbranched or dendrimer architecture.

The hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer disclosed herein may have a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000, or 750 to 20,000, or 1000 to 10,000. The weight average molecular weight may be determined using size exclusion chromatography techniques and using a polymethyl methacrylate standard.

The composition disclosed herein may comprise 0.2 to 8.5 wt %, or 0.5 to 7 wt %, or 1 to 5 wt %, or 1.5 to 3 wt % of the hyperbranched or dendritic polymer. In one embodiment the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer may be solubilised in the polar solvent.

Film-Forming Polymer

The film forming polymer is a different polymer to the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer disclosed herein.

The film-forming polymer may be silicon-containing or non-silicon containing. In one embodiment the film forming polymer may be non-silicon containing.

In one embodiment the film forming polymer may be silicon containing.

In one embodiment the non-silicon containing film forming polymer may include synthetic gum, natural gum, synthetic polymer, natural polymer, polysaccharide thickening agent, associative thickener, anionic associative rheology modifier, nonionic associative rheology modifier, acrylates/C 10-30 alkylacrylate crosspolymer, acrylates/aminoacrylates /CI 0-30 alkyl PEG- 20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, acrylates/beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer, PEG-150/decyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer, PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone homopolymer or copolymer e.g., alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone), PVM/MA decadiene crosspolymer, carbomer, PEG crosspolymer, acrylates/palmeth-25 acrylates copolymer, polysaccharide, polyacrylate, polyether-1, sodium magnesium silicate, sodium carbomer, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polymethacrylate, sodium polyacryloyldimethyl taurate, sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, sodium carragenan, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cyclodextran, bentonites, trihydroxystearin, aluminum-magnesium hydroxide stearate, or xanthan gum, isoprene/MA/methoxy PEG-40 copolymer, VA/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymer, dimethyl acrylamide/acrylic acid/polystyrene/ethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylates / octylacrylamide copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, VP/ hexadecane copolymer, polybutene, polybutene, polyurethane, acrylate/octylcrylamide copolymer, adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerine crosspolymer, or trimethylpentanediol/ adipic acid/glycerin crosspolymer.

In one embodiment the film forming polymer may include polyvinyl alcohol, VP/hexadecene copolymer, alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, acrylates copolymer, acrylates /actylacrylamide copolymer, polybutene, adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerin crosspolymer, trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid/glycerin crosspolymer, or polyurethane. In one embodiment the silicon-containing film-forming polymer may include a silicone acrylate copolymer, silicone methacrylate copolymer or a silicone gum or resin or elastomer, such as butyl acrylate/ hydroxypropyl dimethicone acrylate copolymer, acrylate/polytrimethyl siloxymethacrylate, isobutylmethacrylate/bis-hydroxypropyl dimethicone acrylate copolymer, acrylates/ polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate copolymer, dimethiconol, divinyldimethicone/ dimethicone copolymer, trimethylsiloxysilicate, polysilsesquioxane or trimethylsiloxysilicate/dimethiconol crosspolymer.

The film forming polymer may be present at 0.01 to 60 wt %, or 0.03 to 30 wt % of the composition.

The film forming polymer may be present at 0.05 to 10 wt %, or 0.05 to 5 wt %, or

1 to 3 wt % of the composition.

Polar Solvent

The polar solvent is a cosmetically acceptable medium, or a skin care acceptable medium.

The polar solvent may include water, or an alcohol having 1 to 4 (or 2 to 3) carbon atoms. Examples of suitable alcohols include ethanol, propanol or iso-propanol.

In one embodiment the polar solvent is water; and in another embodiment the polar solvent is ethanol.

Other Ingredients

The composition disclosed herein may optionally further comprise other ingredients.

The other ingredients include, an antioxidant, a skin conditioning agent, a salicyclic acid compound, a sunscreen agent, preservatives and/or gelling agents sequestering agents, wax, diluents, carriers, propellants perfumes, pH adjusting agents or emulsifiers.

The antioxidant polyphenolic agents may include extracts from plants chosen from

Mulberry (e.g. morus alba), Ginseng (e.g. Panax ginseng), Raspberry, Oregano (e.g. origanum vulgare), Green tea (e.g. green leaves of camellia sinensis), White tea (e.g. camellia sinensis), Blueberry extract (e.g. vaccinium cyanococcus), French maritime pine bark (e.g. pinus pinaster, sold under the tradename Pycnogenol), Rosemary (e.g. rosmarinus officialis), Grape, including grape seed (e.g. vitis vinifera), Fennel (e.g. foeniculi fructus),

Caragana sinica, Marjoram (e.g. origanum majorana), Crocus (e.g. crocus sativus), Apple (e.g. malus domestica), Coffee, Green coffee, Cherry (e.g. prunus avium), Snow algae (e.g. chlamydomonas nivalis), Emblica (e.g. Phyllanthus emblica), Gingko (e.g. Gingko biloba), Moringa (e.g. moringa oleilera), Ginger (e.g. zingiberaceae), Magnolia (e.g. magnolioideae virginiana), French saffron, Edelweiss (e.g. leontopodium alpinium), White lotus (e.g. nymphaea alba), Turmeric root, Marshmallow (e.g. althaea officianlis), Burdock (e.g. arctium lappa) , Bilberry (e.g. vaccinium myrtillus), Cranberry (e.g. vaccinium oxycoccus), Pomegranate nectar (e.g. Punica granatum), Sage (e.g. salvia officinalis), Thyme (e.g. thymus vulgaris), Sunflower (e.g. helianthus annuus), wild carrot (e.g. daucus carota), Hop (e.g. humulus lupulus), Witch Hazel (e.g. hamamelis), Oak (e.g. Quercus), Camellia (e.g. theacea), Red clover (e.g. tritolium pratense), Flax (e.g. linium usitatissimum), lemon (e.g. citrus limon), birch (e.g. betula), cornflower, (e.g. centaurea cyanus), geranium, polygonum, or soy (e.g. glycine max).

The amounts of antioxidant plant polyphenolic agents used in the present invention are expressed as dry weights of the extract, as understood by a man skilled in the art. When present the antioxidant (plant extract) may be present at 0.005 to 10 wt, or 0.01 to 7 wt %, or 0.01 to 5 wt % of the composition.

Skin Conditioning Agent

The composition of the present invention may optionally comprise a skin conditioning agent. The skin conditioning agents may be chosen from humectants, emollients, moisturisers, or mixtures thereof. Where present, the skin conditioning agent may be present from 0 or 0.01 to 20 wt %, or 0.1 to 10 wt %, or 0.5 to 7 wt % of the composition.

The skin conditioning agents may be chosen from guanidine, urea, glycolic acid and glycolate salts, salicylic acid, lactic acid and lactate salts, aloe vera, shea butter, polyhydroxy alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerol, hexanetriol, butanitriol, (di) propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sugars (e.g. fructose, glucose, xylose, honey, mannose, xylose), gluconodeltalactone, and starches and their derivatives, pyrrolidone, carboxylic acid, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof, lactamide monoethanolamine, acetamide monoethanolamine, panthenol, or allantoin. In one embodiment the skin conditioning agent may be chosen from glycerine, arabinoglactan, butylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, shea butter, propylene glycol, ethylhexyl glycerine, or hyaluronate. Salicylic Acid Compound

The compositions disclosed herein may optionally comprise a salicylic acid compound, its esters (such as alkylated salicylate e.g., octyl salicylate), its salts, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment of the composition disclosed herein comprises a salicylic acid compound at 0 or 0.0001 to 25 wt %, or 0.001 to 15 wt %, or 0.01 to 10 wt %, or 0.1 to 5 wt %, or 0.01 to 2 wt % of the composition, of salicylic acid. In one embodiment the salicylic acid compound is salicylic acid or octyl salicylic acid.

Emulsifiers

The compositions disclosed herein may optionally comprise an emulsifier. The emulsifier helps disperse and suspend an aqueous water phase within an oil phase or vice versa. Suitable emulsifiers include all those suitable for the purpose and known by those skilled in the art for use in skin care products. Preferably these emulsifiers have an HLB value of or less than 14, more preferably from 2 to 14, and still more preferably from 4 to 14.

A wide variety of silicone emulsifiers are useful herein. These silicone emulsifiers are typically organically modified organopolysiloxanes, also known to those skilled in the art as silicone surfactants. Useful silicone emulsifiers include dimethicone copolyols. These materials are polydimethyl siloxanes which have been modified to include polyether side chains such as polyethylene oxide chains, polypropylene oxide chains, mixtures of these chains, and chains comprising moieties derived from both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Other examples include alkyl-modified dimethicone copolyols, i.e., compounds which comprise C2-C30 pendant side chains. Still other useful dimethicone copolyols include materials having various cationic, anionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic pendant moieties.

More preferably, emulsifiers include various non-ionic and anionic emulsifying agents such as sugar esters and polyesters, alkoxylated sugar esters and polyesters, C1-C30 fatty acid esters of C1-C30 fatty alcohols, alkoxylated derivatives of C1-C30 fatty acid esters of C1-C30 fatty alcohols, alkoxylated ethers of C1-C30 fatty alcohols, polyglyceryl esters of C1-C30 fatty acids, C1-C30 esters of polyols, C1-C30 ethers of polyols, alkyl phosphates, polyoxyalkylene fatty ether phosphates, fatty acid amides, acyl lactylates, soaps, and mixtures thereof. Nonlimiting preferred examples of these non-silicon-comprising emulsifiers include: polyethylene glycol 20 sorbitan monolaurate (Polysorbate 20), polyethylene glycol 5 soya sterol, Steareth-20, Ceteareth-20, PPG-2 methyl glucose ether distearate, Ceteth-10, Polysorbate 80, cetyl phosphate, potassium cetyl phosphate, diethanolamine cetyl phosphate, Polysorbate 60, glyceryl stearate, PEG- 100 stearate, polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan trioleate (Polysorbate 85), sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene 4 lauryl ether sodium stearate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, hexyl laurate, steareth-20, ceteareth-20, PPG-2 methyl glucose ether distearate, ceteth-10, diethanolamine cetyl phosphate, glyceryl stearate, PEG- 100 stearate, and mixtures thereof.

Other Optional Ingredients

Preservatives may be added to the composition such as benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, 2-bromo2-nitropropane-l,3-diol (bronopol, which is available commercially under the trade name Myacide ®), benzyl alcohol, diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, methyl paraben, phenoxyethanol, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, sodium methyl paraben, sodium dehydroacetate, polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride, isothiazolone and sodium propyl paraben, suitably in an amount of from 0.01 to 10 wt % of the composition.

Sequestering agents may be added to the composition, such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and salts thereof, for example in an amount from 0 or 0.005 to 0.5 wt % of the composition.

The composition may include waxes such as cetearyl alcohol, Candelilla wax,

Carnauba wax, lanolin wax, microcrystalline wax, ozokerite wax, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax or beeswax, cocoa butter suitably in an amount of from 0.1 to 25 wt % (often for a mascara), 0.1 to 60 wt % (often for a lip-stick), or 0 to 10 wt % (often for a foundation) of the composition.

The composition may also comprise suitable, cosmetically acceptable diluents, carriers and/or propellants such as dimethyl ether. The composition may also include pearlising agents such as stearic monoethanolamide and/or mica, suitably in an amount of from 0 or 0.01 to 10 wt % of the composition.

Perfumes may be added suitably in an amount of from 0 or 0.01% to 2 wt % of the composition, as may water soluble dyes such as tartrazine, suitably in an amount of from a trace amount such as 0 or lxl 0 ^"5 to 0.1 wt % of the composition.

The composition may also include pH adjusting agents such as sodium hydroxide, amino methyl propanol, triethanolamine, suitably in an amount of from 0 or 0.01 % to lO wt % of the composition. The composition may be buffered by means well known in the art, for example by use of buffer systems comprising succinic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, and acceptable salts thereof, phosphoric acid, mono-or disodium phosphate and sodium carbonate. Suitably, the composition may have a pH between 3 and 10, between 4 and 8, or between 4.5 and 6.5.

A thickener, viscosity modifying agent and/or gelling agent may be added to the composition in addition to the film forming polymer, and the hyperbranched or dendrimer hydrophilic polymer disclosed herein. The thickener, viscosity modifying agent and/or gelling agent such as acrylic acid polymers e.g. available commercially under the trade name Carbopol® or Ultrez® (both Lubrizol), or a taurate copolymer such as acryloyl methyl taurate-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone copolymers (such as Anatron™V220) or hydroxyethylacrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymers, or modified celluloses e. g. hydroxyethylcellulose available commercially under the trade name Natrosol® (Hercules) or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, amine oxides, block polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (for example, those available from BASF Wyandotte under the trade name "Pluronic"®), PVM, MA, or a decadiene crosspolymer (available under the trade name Stabilez® 60), ethoxylated fatty alcohols, salt (magnesium chloride, sodium chloride), Aristoflex®AVC (Clariant), phthalic acid amide, xanthan gum, starch, or modified starch (such as a metal salt of starch e.g., aluminum salt of the reaction product of 1-octenylsuccinic anhydride with starch), sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohols, fatty alcohols and alkyl galactmanans available under the trade name N-Hance® from Hercules. Gel

When in the form of a gel, the composition disclosed herein may optionally contain 0.1 to 10 wt %, or 0.5 to 5 wt %, or 0.5 to 3 wt % of a thickener such as a viscosity modifying agent and/or gelling agent, and may be a polymeric thickener.

The gel may comprise: 50 to 95 wt % water and 0.1 to l0 wt % of a thickener, or 60 to 95 wt % water, and 0.5 to 5 wt % of a thickener, or 70 to 90 wt % of water; and 0.5 to 3 wt % of a thickener.

The thickener may be organic or inorganic. Inorganic thickeners include silica and clay materials such as bentonite, hectorite and montmorillonite. Specific examples of clay materials include disteardimonium hectorite and stearalkonium hectorite (these materials form part of the Bentone® gel range from Elementis). These inorganic thickeners may be hydrophobically modified. Examples of silica that have been hydrophobically modified are silica silylate and silica dimethyl silylate (available as part of the Aerosil® range from Evonik).

Emulsion

The emulsion disclosed herein may be a water-in-oil, oil-in-water, or water-in- silicone composition. In one embodiment the emulsion is an oil-in-water composition.

The emulsion may comprise an oil phase and have a polar solvent content of 30 to 85 wt %, or 50 to 80 wt %, or 60 to 75 wt % of the composition.

The polar solvent may contain water present at 40 to 80 wt %, or 50 to 75 wt %, or 60 to 75 wt % of the composition.

The emulsion may comprise an oil phase having 15 to 70 wt %, or 30 to 50 wt %, or 25 to 40 wt % of the composition.

The emulsion may be an oil-in-water composition comprising 15 to 70 wt % of an oil phase; and 30 to 85 wt % of an aqueous phase.

The emulsion may be an oil-in-water composition comprising 25 to 40 wt % of an oil phase; and 60 to 75 wt % of an aqueous phase.

The emulsion may be in the form of a water-in-silicone emulsion, and the water phase may be present at 30 to 85 wt % of an aqueous phase; and silicone present at 15 to 70 wt % of a silicone phase. The emulsion may be in the form of a water-in-silicone emulsion, and the water phase may be present at 60 to 75 wt % of an aqueous phase; and silicone present at 25 to 40 wt % of a silicone phase.

If the composition disclosed herein is in the form of a water-in-silicone composition the oil phase may be provided by any suitable silicate, dimethiconols, or silicone elastomer. In one embodiment the water-in-silicone composition the oil phase may be provided by a silicone elastomer.

In one embodiment the silicone oil phase may be formed from an organopolysiloxane. The organopolysiloxane may be chosen from one or more of a polyalkylsiloxane, alkyl substituted dimethicone, cyclomethicone, trimethylsiloxysilicate. dimethiconol, or polyalkylaryl siloxane,. The polyalkylsiloxane may be for example a cyclomethicone, or dimethicone, often a dimethicone.

A water-in-silicone composition disclosed herein may include an emulsifying crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer, a non-emulsifying crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer, or a mixture thereof. The term "non-emulsifying," as used herein, defines crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomers from which polyoxyalkylene units are absent. The elastomers may include dimethyl polysiloxanes crosslinked by Si-H sites on a molecularly spherical MQ resin. Emulsifying crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomers include the crosslinked polymers described in US Patents 5,412,004; 5,837,793; and 5,811 ,487. The emulsifying elastomer comprised of dimethicone copolyol crosspolymer (and) dimethicone is commercially available from Shin Etsu under the trade name KSG-21.

The non-emulsifying elastomers may include dimethicone crosspolymers. Such dimethicone crosspolymers are supplied by a variety of suppliers including Dow Corning (EL9240). Other dimethicones crosspolymer are available from General Electric (SFE 839), Shin Etsu (KSG-15, 16, 18 [dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer]), and Grant Industries (GRANSIL™ line of elastomers). Cross-linked organopolysiloxane elastomers useful in the present invention and processes for making them are further described in US Patents 4,970,252; 5,760,116; and 5,654,362. Commercially available elastomers may include a Dow Coming's 9040 silicone elastomer blend, or Shin Etsu's KSG- 21. An oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion may comprise an organic oil. The organic oil may be volatile or non-volatile. The organic oil may include a diluent, a solvent, a polyolefm polymer, or an ester oil.

The term "ester oil" means an oil that is liquid at room temperature (25 °C.) comprising at least one ester functional group. The ester oil used herein is chosen, for example, from monoesters.

The ester oil may, for example, be chosen from the monoesters of formula R^COOR ² wherein R ¹ may be selected from linear and branched hydrocarbon-based chains comprising from 4 to 30, or 6 to 24, or 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and R ² may be chosen from branched hydrocarbon-based chains comprising from 3 to 40 carbon atoms, such as from 10 to 30 carbon atoms and further such as from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.

Examples of the ester oils that may be mentioned include isodecyl neopentanoate; isocetyl octanoate; isononyl isononanoate, isodecyl isononanoate, tridecyl isononanoate; hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate; isopropyl myristate, isocetyl myristate, isotridecyl myristate, 2-octyldodecyl myristate; isopropyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isooctyl palmitate, isocetyl palmitate, isodecyl palmitate, isostearyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate; isopropyl isostearate, 2-octyldodecyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, and 2- octyldodecyl erucate.

The ester oil may be present in the emulsion disclosed herein in an amount ranging, for example, from 0 to 20 wt %, or 0.1 to 15 wt %, or 1 to 10 wt % of the composition.

EXAMPLES

Foundation Study

Each of the following W/Si emulsion foundation examples has a base formulation containing 25.5-27.5 wt % caprylyl methicone, 2 wt % PEG-9 dimethicone, 8 wt % bentone VS-5PC V (cyclopentasiloxane, disteardimonium hectorite and propylene carbonate)/cyclomethicone D5, 1.5 wt % bis-isobutyl PEG/PPG 10/7 dimethicone copolymer, 8 wt % triethoxycaprylylsilane treated pigments (titanium dioxide, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red and iron oxide black), 8 wt % talc, 0.92 wt % of a mixture (of phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, and ethyl paraben), 1.0 wt % magnesium sulphate, 0.05 wt % Sequestrene Na4 (tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) and water. Comparative Example 1 (CE1): comprises 45 wt % water, 0 wt % of hyperbranched polymer, and 0 wt % of resin composed of Cyclopentasiloxane and trimethylsiloxysilicate.

Comparative Example 2 (CE2): comprises 40 wt % water, 5 wt % of hyperbranched polymer (Hybrane™S1200), and 0 wt % of resin composed of Cyclopentasiloxane and trimethylsiloxysilicate.

Comparative Example 3 (CE3): comprises 40 wt % water, 3 wt % of hyperbranched polymer (Hybrane™S1200), and 0 wt % of resin composed of Cyclopentasiloxane and trimethylsiloxysilicate.

Inventive Example 1 (EX1): comprises 40 wt % water, 3 wt % of hyperbranched polymer (Hybrane™S1200), and 2 wt % of resin composed of Cyclopentasiloxane and trimethylsiloxysilicate.

Comparative Example 4 (CE4): comprises 43 wt % water, 0 wt % of hyperbranched polymer, and 2 wt % of resin composed of cyclopentasiloxane and trimethylsiloxysilicate.

The examples are prepared by adding in a main vessel caprylyl methicone, PEG-9 dimethicone, bis-isobutyl PEG/PPG 10/7 dimethicone copolymer, bentone/cyclomethicone D5, phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, and ethyl paraben. The contents of the vessel are homogenised at 3500 rpm for 2 minutes. Triethoxycaprylylsilane treated pigments (titanium dioxide and black, red and yellow iron oxide) are added to the vessel and homogenisation continued for another 15 minutes at 4500 rpm. Talc is added and the mixture is homogenised at 4500 rpm for a further 5 minutes. The remaining ingredients are added to a second vessel with water and added slowly to the main vessel whilst stirring at 500 rpm to form a coarse emulsion. The contents of the vessel are homogenised at 4000 rpm for up to 5 minutes to form a fine emulsion. Testing:

Each example is evaluated in the following rubber mat test procedure:

Areas of 3x4 cm are marked on a silicone rubber mat by placing adhesive tape in vertical and horizontal lines. A sufficient amount of example is placed at the top of a 3x4 cm area. Using a 3.5cm wide palette knife, each example drowned down so that it filled the area between the tape lines with even coverage from top to bottom. The tape is removed. The rubber mat is placed in a 30 °C oven for 20 minutes. The samples are equilibrated back to room temperature for 5 minutes. The following observations are made in triplicate for each example are summarised below. Each sample is rated with 100 % equivalent to the film remaining intact. Reductions in film for samples are calculated as a percentage of the amount of film remaining intact.

Transfer resistance test: a two-ply tissue is placed over the samples; and a 300g weight is placed on top of the tissue for 30s. Record any transfer on the tissue.

Water resistance test: cold water is run on the top of the rubber mat (not directly over the samples but flowing over each film for 30s). Record the approximate percentage of film left intact.

Rub resistance: Rubbed with firm pressure over each film once up and once down using a 4x5 cm silicone rubber rectangle. Record the approximate percentage of film left intact.

Flexibility: Flex the rubber mat by folding it in half along the vertical and horizontal middle lines of each sample. Record the approximate percentage of film left intact and any instances of cracking.

The ratings obtained for each observation are presented in the table below. Typically better results are obtained for samples having a higher rating.

The results obtained indicate that CE2, CE4 and EX1 has a higher rating for rub resistance than the comparative examples CE1 and CE4. CE1, CE4 and EX1 also have acceptable coating flexibility, with EX1 having benefits of increased rub resistance and coating flexibility performance.