BLOCK

DESCRIPTION

Technological Field:

The present invention utilizes a polyurethane or polyisocyanurate binder and coating element, which can be used for walls without the need for sheathing in buildings where expanded pearlite, pumice, blast furnace cinder, foam concrete pieces, straw, industrial textile waste, volcanic tuff, saw jointer shavings, coak oak expended etc. are being used as a filling agent, and is related to the building block with porous structure, all production residues with air pockets or mineral based materials. Known State of the Technology:

Building blocks produced by the known technique and used often are different structural elements using similar techniques and basic materials. These building elements are selected according to the type of building to be used and produced accordingly. However, each production method and the resulting product have different structural deficiencies. Therefore, new materials, new production methods and new structural elements are needed to eliminate these shortcomings.

The main drawback of the building blocks produced by the known technique is that these structural elements are too heavy. In this case, important problems arise. First of all, there is the possibility of being stuck under a collapsed wall in a major earthquake, along with dust and like created by the ruins makes it difficult to reach the earthquake victims and possibility of death rises and must be overcome. The second of all, is the fact that the building load is increased significantly and the transportation, stacking and application difficulties arise. The biggest problem in existing structural elements is the high heat conduction coefficientcy. In order to prevent this situation, in addition to the existing building block, heat conducting materials are insulated with low insulation materials to provide the required heat resistance. In this case, the resulting wall and jacketing technique together with thermal differences due to cracking, incorrect application techniques, surface separation, such as thermal bridges have many disadvantages. In order to prevent this situation, it is aimed to make use of structural elements which do not require thermal insulation and which do not require jacketing. In the utility model reference number TR200703401,“Coated pumice block 40” is described. The invention relates to self-coated pumice blocks. In the present invention, the outer surface of the pumice blocks, which have been provided to be first pressed and left to rest, is applied in the production phase, iron oxide (Fe (OH) 2) (for paint), calcite (CaC03), white cement (TS EN II / AL 42 SR ), water and porosity preventive and a mixture of acceleration is covered with a mixture of decorative and insulated rendering has been mentioned.

In reference to utility model TR201104558, "Bimsten (pumice) finished lintel blocks" are described. The invention relates to lintel blocks which are reinforced or equipped in various sizes made of pumice-based material. It has been mentioned that the lintel blocks on the doors and windows are made of pumice and cement based binder material.

In the patent application No. TR201501979, "Improved pearlite coated wall block and heat insulation board and production method" is described. In the present invention, expanded pearlite aggregates, (pumice, diatomite, raw pearlite, quartz, silica, calcite, etc ), rocks, water, potato starch, urea (H2N-CO-NH2), cement, agitator boilers, molds required by the product from the printing unit parts, while the production method is mentioned in the scope of dosing process, mixing process molding, process, drying wall block and thermal insulation boards. In the above mentioned useful model / patent applications, pumice stone is described in building materials with high insulation properties. There is no data on the use of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate in the building products produced by said methods or the lightness and strength of the products.

As a result, there is a need for a new technology which provides the desired lightness, durability and at the same time the desired insulation properties in the building elements which can overcome the above mentioned disadvantages. Definition of the Invention:

The present invention is a building block consisting of polyurethane or polyisocyanurate + fdlers which can overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned weight and high heat conduction coefficient. Polyurethane or polyisocyanurate is used as the covering element which provides the desired lightness, durability and also the desired insulation properties in the building elements where expanded pearlite, pumice, blast furnace cinder, foam concrete pieces, straw, industrial textile waste, volcanic tuff, saw jointer shavings, coak oak expended etc. are being used as a filling agent, and is related to the building block with porous structure, all production residues with air pockets or mineral based materials.

In the applicant's patent application TR201717479“Polyurethane or polyisocyanurate - Styrofoam building block” is described. The present invention relates to a polyurethane or polyisocyanurate -Styrofoam building block, which can be used as a wall without the need for sheathing in any building in need of air conditioning in the building industry. It has been mentioned that it is a low-density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate styrofoam or block styrofoam and a high-density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate skeleton wall element on its outer surface.

The inventor has determined that the said application needs to be improved, and that the obtained wall element is expanded with styrofoam, expanded pearlite, pumice, blast furnace cinder, foam concrete pieces, straw, industrial textile waste, volcanic tuff, saw jointer shavings, coak oak expended etc. are being used. It has added all production residues or mineral based materials with porous structure. Thus, the production range of the wall element was expanded and the cost was lower. At the same time, the open porous insulating elements are completely covered with polyurethane or polyisocyanurate and become porous and their thermal properties have improved. At the same time, because of the elastic structure + 10 cm - lOcm column displacements due to the elasticity of the wall was not destroyed. According to traditional wall structures, lightness was obtained up to 90%.

Weight is one of the biggest problems experienced in building elements. Building materials which are heavy by their structure cause serious problems both before, during and after construction. These problems are more important as they put human health at risk. For this reason, heavy building materials primarily affect the construction sector as a problem to be solved for human health. The fact that a large part of our country is in the earthquake zone makes it necessary to work on light building materials. In case of a possible earthquake, the weight of the building elements in the event of demolition of buildings once again reveals the importance of human health. Therefore, studies are made on light but durable structural elements.

Structural elements are basically non-insulating materials. With the improvements made in the recent years, the products that have been added to this feature have been developed but the other features requested in the structures are tried to be provided with other support products. For this reason, there is a need for building components with high thermal resistance and different properties. A building block with high insulation properties and which can be used in different buildings and which can provide other features expected from the structural element has also been developed.

Polyurethane or polyisocyanurate is an organic polymer in chain form. Flexible and non- stretching foams are used in the production of durable elastomers and high performance adhesives, synthetic fibers, seals and rigid plastics. Flexible polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams are also known as polyurethane or polyisocyanurate sponges and are used as comfort material in beds, furniture. The non-stretched foams are mostly used in heat and sound insulation. Therefore, it has become a preferred chemical in the construction sector with its use in different densities.

The main reason for the use of polyurethane or polyisocyanurate and porous fdlers in the building block of the invention is to bring the high cost to ideal level when only polyurethane or polyisocyanurate is used. The use of polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, which is very light compared to the existing building blocks, is intended to obtain a very lightweight building block with the use of polyurethane or polyisocyanurate at a density which will provide sufficient strength in the load bearing frame.

Description of Figures:

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereby the features of the invention will become more apparent and appreciated, but this is not intended to limit the invention to these particular embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents which may be included in the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the details shown are presented solely for the purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are provided to provide both the shaping of the methods and the most useful and easy-to-understand description of the rules and conceptual features of the invention. In these drawings;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the wall element

Figure 2 is a front view of the wall element.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of two wall elements associated with each other. Figure 4 is a perspective view of two demounted wall elements.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a building block used with porous filler

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a building block with porous filler

Figure 7 is a sectional view of a building block used with porous filler Description of References:

1. Porous filler

2. Air pockets

3. Polyurethane or polyisocyanurate coating

D. Wall element

Description of the Invention:

The invention is a wall element (D) comprising a skeleton of high density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, in which there are air pockets (2), porous filler and / or low density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate (Figure- 1, Figure-2).

The invention has a wall element (D) which is modular or flat, which has a combined surface and is designed for flat, corrugated or decorative purposes (Figure- 1, Figure-2, Figure-3). The invention has a wall element (D) which can be in three-dimensional prismatic structure or in different geometrical shapes (Figure- 1, Figure-2, Figure-3).

Detailed Description of the Invention: The components of the invention are basically; the porous filler (1) is the polyurethane or polyisocyanurate coating (3) and the air gaps (2).

The product according to the invention comprising a high density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate skeleton and its outer surfaces comprising air gaps (2) and / or a wall element (D) with low density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate; The polyurethane or polyisocyanurate consists of a porous filler (1) attached to the coating (3). With the addition of porous filler (1), the cost technical feature balance of the wall element (D) is provided. The invention is a wall element (D) having a high density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate coating (3) with a low density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate and a porous filler (1) on its outer surface. The invention comprises air pockets 2 which are alternatively available in the interior. The invention comprises a porous filler 1 which may be present in its interior. The invention includes a porous filler (1) having low density polyurethane or polyisocyanurate.