The Invention is related to binder cements in powder form composing of pozzolan(s), quicklime and other materials to be used for all needs of construction sector and industry which are not requiring very high physical strengths, where pozzolan(s) are used in excess of 50% as primary ingredient among others. The invention covers all pozzolans natural or artificial and is based on hundreds of tests and observations related to many of them. It is applicable to all materials having pozzolanic reaction capability. It is well known that the cements of various pozzolans with hydrated lime are being used by various civilizations since neolitic era through thousands of years, Roman and Egyptian practices being most differentiated. It is also well known that, today also, in countries like India, binders composed of calcined clays and hydrated lime are still being used. The Invention uses the non hydrated quicklime directly, which have only been used as activator agent in some practices and not been used directly as one of major components in the mix. With this kind of use, the most apperrent measure of binder evaluation, the compressive strength, are attained at far higher levels. The other fundemantal evaluation criteria like water absorption, water-binder ratios, porosity are also obtained in far more favorable values. The Invention, primarily assess the theoretical facts behind these and building on these strong findings, reveals how proportioning of major ingredients of Invention's binders can be determined. The Invention is in a coverage that can remove all the reasons that are limiting pozzolan(s) -hydrated lime binders extensive use and market preference. These reason are, delayed early strengths and late serviceability and longer protection requirement, further detoriation of strength gaining under high humidy or as water soaked and loss of strength at many events under such conditions, high water-cement ratios, higher porosity, decrease of durability, non sufficiency of final compressive strenghts for too many of the uses. For these reasons, almost all practices are realized with portland cements or mixes of portland cements with hydrated limes.

Use of pozzolan(s) in practical real life, are being left to the definations and limits that are used in portland cements (as blended cements). Like this, minimum fifty percent of portland cements are being used for practices like mortars, plasters, block making , lean concrete etc which does not require the strengths that portland cements already are capable of providing inherently. This fact is stated in UN Habitat publications also. The studies and tests implemented has proven that the new cements are capable of providing sufficient compressive strengths, excellent workability, sticking, placing, water retention, sufficient set time like many of the already marketed recepies. Eg, the market ready mix plasters are involving 25-30 % by weight cement- hydrated lime mix while our new cements use 25-30 % binder also, whose 65-70 are substituted with pozzolans. Ie, they realize same task by using cement and lime only as 30-35 % of the existing practices. The results obtained as such are not like the ones obtained from the ones by adding pozzolans and hydrated lime to portland cements, although such products might also be considered as important. The new binder cements according to the Invention are capable of involving generally only 9-12 % of portland cement by weight in total binder cement weight, in binders where portland cements are used. This creates a large area of advantages. Many kinds of cements for various applications can be obtained and used.

Portland cement sector solely is held responsible for creating 7-8 % of world's total carbondioxide emissions and also held responsible for very high energy consumption. Further, negative impacts of half of its raw materials being lost or wasted as gases and wastage should be stated. The binder cements as per the Invention, shall have very considerable contribution to this great environmental problems and further, have cheapest solutions for raw materials for production and for obtaining the production sets or plants and for energy consumption. It shall facilitate lowest cost use of binder products reaching to a complete sustainability. These facts shall facilitate easier reach to cement of the poor who cannot obtain it even for basic shelter-housing needs. The Invention provides production of products filling an important gap in fully industry applicable manner beginning from the underlying theoretical aspects, to mix proportions, to explaining of distinctive aspects and benefits, their applications to industry and its limits, for the first time.

Also for the first time, provides product formation in plannable, calculatable and applicable manner. With the Invention, the quicklime is being used as a major component and given a main role instead of known secondary raw material or an activator material position in the known practices. Many of these known works are related to use of 3-5 % quicklime for fly ash systems activation. There are very rare works in literature, where quicklime is used as one of the major components.

These mostly consider a single pozzolan and assign assumptional or random calcium oxide ratios or portland cements or other ingredients ratios and over these data they try to measure effects of some chosen variables. In some other studies, hydration reactions, pozzolanic reactions, portland cement reactions kinetics' products and results of these are being tried to be explained and solutions are being derived with many axiomatic and hypotetic approaches for designing inputs and products formulations. Many times, systems are build on existing applications based knowledges that are being accepted as valid data or assumptions. The invention points to such a bias or mistake and assigns correct practice with their experimental basis. In all the above three situations, the products obtained could not be sufficient to meet existing usages physical strength and functioning requirements. For example, studies show influence of decreasing or increasing of portland cement or lime content but a binder system involving 30 %. portland cement and 20-30 % lime can attain a 28 ^th day compressive strength which can easily be attained by 10-15 % portland cement involving pozzolan (strength being only lOMpa! ! ). What function or use in practice to be obtained from this product in real life is not mentioned. In all three cases other results also not suitable to industry or practice are being obtained and such studies and activities take place as sole scientific studies. A binder cement in the context of the Invention, can reach up to compressive strengths of 25 Mpa. Indeed, this is a strength that might satisfy many of the structural strengt requiring functions. One should not forget that till few decades ago, these kinds of strengths were considered to satisfy all structural strength requirements and had been applied as such. Indeed, these strengths are sufficient to construct buildings which are not high rise. When it is considered that each and all kinds of pozzolans are not examined in our studies, the probability of obtaining better results from other pozzolans still exists also.

There is no knowledge of existence of a cement which is not portland cement and been produced in an fabrication industrial process. This negative fact alone can explain that a product applicable to industry and which is commercialized does not exist while an huge commercial area and extensive environmental protection continues to exist.

The Invention proves that the existing theoretical frame involves some defects and deficits and shows ways of obtaining higher strengths, applicable to industries which are economic, enviromentally protectionist non portland cements whose majority content are pozzolans. As shortest summary as per an Invention Description text; What was known and accepted till now was that, lime converts to calcium hydroxide with the addition of water and its hydration is completed prior to beginning (initiation) of the pozzolanic reaction and the formed calcium hydroxide initiates and forms the pozzolanic reaction defined in related literature. Very rare studies considered the quicklime and at maximum they explain a difference by only stating that reason that quicklime of same CaO content attains better strength results is that it is fresh and as such it is more reactive. According to theoretical basics of the existing understanding and to their application, the amount or rate of hydrated lime in reaction with any pozzolan for reaching to maximum strength by providing maximum of binding and by remaining least amount of non bound calcium hydroxide in terms of Calcium Oxide in hydrated lime, is considered the optimum rate in the total weight of the binder. This optimum rate or proportions (CaO) are determined on basis of hydrated lime and same rate is applied to quicklime and quicklime involving samples obtains higher compressive strengths. This is considered as a general optimum rate for the said pozzolan. As a result, in a sense, the rate based on hydrated lime which provides the maximum pozzolan(s) -lime binding is believed or considered as the optimum rate forming the highest compressive strength at the same time. But indeed, obtaining product with use of quicklime is completely separate concept and at the result of it more of calcium oxide has been put into reaction with pozzolans comperatively, as to form stronger ties that yields much higher compressive strength for pozzolans weightage binder cements. If the Inventions reasons for obtaining better results with quicklime be explained by beginning from its results; In the application with quicklime, the amount of active calcium oxide that shall react the pozzolans based mix to its maximum strength, ie optimum calcium oxide content or rate to perform this, is apparently higher than optimum active calcium oxide rate of the hydrated lime involving applications. With this approach, definition of optimum lime content can be converted in a plain manner to "the rate which is providing the maximum compressive strength". The pozzolanic reactions provided by quicklime and hydrated lime are being completely different from each other. In case of using quicklime, same amount and same kind pozzolan(s) are becoming capable of to enter more of active calcium oxide to the pozzolanic reaction. This positive and active (case) happens by forming of calcium oxide more and stronger reactions and ties with pozzolans in this kind of reaction forming. Benefits obtained are more than the CaO increase. If expressed in a concrete way, defining according to their own optimum rates, the quicklime applications occupies (uses) 18%-38% more of active calcium oxide compared to application with hydrated lime. This means, 18%-38% more of active calcium oxide is being bound to same quantity of puzzolan(s) compared to the hydrated lime introduced pozzolan(s) . The rate of increase in compressive strengths against this, are bigger figures like 50%-300%. le, the marginal contribution is immense. We also made samples by using the same chosen active calcium oxide proportions of some chosen hydrated lime applications (samples), the same proportion CaO quicklime samples' compressive strengths attained still higher values. This means, same amount of active calcium oxide attains higher physical strengths with the same pozzolan(s) when used as quicklime instead of hydrated lime. By using less content of active CaO, they can reach to same strengths obtained by hydrated lime application. This points to use of less industrial raw material, to less cost and to environmental protection impacts. Some of this effect is being tried to be explained with factors like freshness of quicklime but main difference, as described above, is existence of stronger reactions beginning with higher heats and it is distinctive from its beginning on. Factors which increase the impacts are being explained below.

The limes used in the Invention can be obtained from primitive kiln processes, industrial fabrication production (vertical shaft kilns, horizontal kilns etc.) or as industrial by products and laboratory reagent type calcium oxides, ie any kinds of limes notable can be used. In some cases, positive effects of inclusion of hydrated lime to quicklime to an extend max of 35% have been observed. The hydrated limes can be obtained from the above quicklimes through primitive slaking, fabrication dry slaking and in forms as paste, slurry or slaked and industrial by products or reagent laboratory types calcium hydroxides. As pozzolans, natural pozzolans (tras,volcanic rocks, tuffs, ashes, scorias and others) and their mixes, artificial pozzolans (fly ashes, iron-steel slags, calcined clays, burnt plants, silica fume, aluminum red mud and others) and their mixes and mixes of all natural and artificial pozzolans can be used. Using wastage type pozzolans like aluminum red mud and bringing value to them shall also be an additional contribution. When all kinds of pozzolans are mixed with portland cements, portland cement clinkers and calcium sulfate sources or only with calcium sulfate sources and also with other additives, the compressive strength that shall be acceptable to the market expectations and needs are being obtained in a dependable manner. By use of activations and other additives and inputs, ideal products are being targeted. The most compressive strength increasing contributions are provided by additions of portland cements or with portland cement clinkers and calcium sulfate sources. For the second case, use of calcium sulfates calcined under very high heat are yielding improved better strengths and properties for many times. But these all has limits. In the studies made with portland cement 42.5 R addition and with its clinker's additions to highest strength obtaining pozzolan(s) - quicklime basic binder in an amount up to 12 % in general or 15% in some cases proves, considerable compressive strength increases has been obtained. If it is generalized; optimum rate of introduction of portland products are 7%-16%. Further introduction's marginal contributions show a decreasing trend and especially after 22%, it becomes negligible and loses economy. Prior to optimum rate, each incremental increase makes increasing contributions and reaches an optimum. Inclusion of portland cements and portland products both assists to the specific pozzolanic reaction and by its own reaction also produces further strong ties to reach to obtaining of stronger products. For finding the optimum inclusion rate that shall provide the maximum compressive strength to the mix, the basic maximum strength pozzolan(s)-quicklime mix is considered and variations products are obtained by adding maximum 15% or by decreasing maximum 10% of active calcium oxides.

Based on these alternative products, different portland product inclusion rates to these maximum possible numbers of alternative cements are implemented and optimum rate is found in an assured manner. The optimum proportioned quicklime-pozzolan(s) mix are not always appearing as the highest compressive strength attaining solution. The effects of calcium sulfate sources inclusion also are investigated in the same manner and found that primarily inclusion of 450 ^° C-550 ^° C and 850 C - 950 ^° C calcined gypsum and/or anhydrites and natural and artificial calcium sulfates and industrial by product calcium sulfates in a rate of l%-4% develops higher compressive strengths. For example, a 17.5% active CaO involving tras mix having lOMpa compressive strength, increased to 11.5-12.0 Mpa with inclusion of 1 .5% of calcined gypum at 500 ^° C. The high heat calcined anhydrites as above can be used up to the extent of 3.5%. Similar observations have been done for fly ashes also and this aspect is also one of the important contributions of the Invention. Method of optimum proportion determination is similar to that applied to portland cements. Case can be extended and improved by including portland cements also. As portland cements, all portland cements including white cements can be used. But use of composed pozzolan involved portland cements basically and logically does not bring an economical logic and essence. If pozzolans be needed to be used as per the new system, it should be preferable to consider pozzolans in pozzolans portion and be considered in the total pozzolans content of the system. Use of portland clinkers with calcium sulfate resources is a very suitable choice. Most of the highest compressive strength samples were obtained with use of 500 C calcined gypsums in the portland clinker. Sole use of these kinds calcined anhydrites were also tested and was observed that 1-2 % of their inclusion provides considerable higher compressive strengths. Other calcium sulfate resources like ground natural gypsum and/or anhydrites also can be used alongwith clinkers. Depending on the kind of pozzolan, it was determined that the optimum active calcium oxide rate that would carry the pozzolan(s)-quicklime mix to maximum compressive strength were by weight in range of 1 1% to 23%. Ie, the remaining 77-89% are pozzolans or pozzolans mixes and non active part of the quicklime remained from CaO. In applications with hydrated lime same optimum active lime proportions are as 8.5% - 20%. In both cases of quicklime or hydrated lime applications, surpassing of the optimum rate or remaining under it gives decreasing effect on the obtained compressive strength. But, application of heats (45 ^° C - 50 ^° C) decreases this effect to some extent.

The limes which were employed in this study were market type fabricated, EN 459-1, 90 microns, 80% active calcium oxide bearing quicklime and 85% active calcium hydroxide (CL 80 5) bearing hydrated lime. As pozzolans, among others, most of the experiments were implemented with Western Anatolian tras, Middle Anatolian tras, Libyan and Turkish basaltic scoria, natural and calcined clays, pumice, fly ash obtained from three different plants and silica fume. All pozzolans and the quicklime were ground to same fineness of 42.5 R cement. The effects of finer grinding were also measured. Basically all tests were implemented under normal ambient heat circumstances, cured under water after demoulding, using 450 dosage (450 kg/m ³ ) binder and 0-5 mm calcium carbonate based mineral aggregates. The effects of change of curing heat, dosage, aggregate size, curing conditions as protected from direct water contact has all independently been observed also. Expansion and shrinkage has been studied. These studies are being summarized at shortest. Experiments always included comparisons of quicklime employing versus hydrated lime employing. While the existing literature based on experiments with hydrated lime does not give detailed explanations; it was found out that, samples obtained by employing hydrated lime were more sensitive and biased against conditions of the circumstances, especially showing much delayed strength development under water or in full humid conditions compared to their protected conditions. Even 28* day strengths were far ahead to reach. These are important disadvantages for a market product and final users. Final strength attained being also low, it becomes to be difficult to attain satisfaction and preference.

In contrary, the Invention's binders are suitable to all climates and conditions of use. Important differences obtained by employing quicklime have been explained as a fundamental finding. The contents, percentages of uses of pozzolans, quicklime and portland cements has been studied including the limits to them. Using activators or additives for arranging hydration heat might increase early and final strengths for obtaining shorter serviceability times. As another advantage; use of quicklime might reduce the overall binder consumption amount. All these comparative increase in productivity against lower costs attained, points to use of less raw materials and to decreased environmental harm.

Water cements ratios have been studied carefully. It was found out that, for same fineness category pozzolans based binder cements, the ones employing quicklime required 7%- l 1% less water compared to the cements employing hydrated lime, and this leads to less porosity and provides support for higher compressive strengths and physical properties. This was the second finding on the way for higher strengths. Although the decrease in water might seem to be minor, outcoming effects are important when rate of increase in strength are considered. At this point, it should be mentioned that the hydrated lime's particule shape structure (its geometry) as being irregular and it's being very fine by themselves also contribute to their being more porous. Increasing cement content (dosage) leads to not properly linked lime quantity and leads to drop of strength followingly. For quicklime also increasing lime content over optimum do not provide gains. In case the quicklime content is decreased, the water cement ratio does not provide a direct parallel drop due to similar fineness of pozzolans also, and strength decreases occurs. When ultra fine pozzolans like some fly ashes be used, it was observed that, even 20% more water was required the strengths were very sufficient and higher in many cases.

The durability and advantages against different natural conditions of the new binder cements were mentioned previously. The samples done with hydrated lime developed much higher 28 ^th day strengths when cured in enveloped (water tight) conditions, instead of being soaked to water directly. This kind of difference is not that much apparent when quicklime were employed. The durability and behaviors of new cements in open air circumstances are excellent. Under increased heat (45 °C- 50°C) strengths for 7 ^th day and followingly 14 ^th day were apparently higher while this difference slows down afterwards. Same applies to the samples employing hydrated lime under higher heat conditions. In some samples, cracks were observed but their characteristics were as non-connected to each other and short in length. But since these binders shall not be used in high dosage and in structural works requiring very high physical strengths, these cracking conditions could be ignored. The 45 ^th day strengths were 10%- 25% higher in general. In most cases a slower increase for 90 ^th day also has been observed. For portland cement sector, expansion because of free calcium oxide is a very crucial factor, due to cracks and strength loss that could be encountered. The expansion behavior were observed in our studies also by using very thin glass moulds in which different samples of the new binder cement were poured. In general, l%-2% expansion by volume has occurred but no cracks were observed. In some cases micro and non connected cracks occurred but this was evaluated as no harm to the use and functions in their own limited area and micro cracks contributed to the plasticity of the mix also. All formations were monolithic and robust. The very thin glass moulds did not crack and expansion developed towards the open top of glass moulds. Behavior resembles, in a sense, the expansive cements (portland). When thin applications like renderings or plasters were implemented, no cracks or no release from the base were observed, and their curing was much similar to those of ready mix products of the market. But, these products failed against the Le Chateliere test as per portland cement norms although they were usable, robust and durable. Expansion reducing agents might provide benefits. It might be thought that, upon market acceptance and spreaded use of these new binder cements, their own specific norms can be established. Increasing the dose (content) of the binder cements possess positive effect on compressive strengths. But very high doses combined with increased curing heats might cause cracks. Increasing aggregate size also makes positive contribution to compressive strengths. Increasing the fineness of the binder cements also is an effective factor. Increasing the fineness of the pozzolans is more influential compared to lime fineness increasing. Fineness increasing effects are more apparent for fly ashes compared to that trases. It was assessed for many cases that inclusion of calcium carbonate or others based fillers does not make notable contributions for many cases. Use of micronized minerals at limited content might make a positive contribution to compressive strength increase where maximum economical (marginal contribution making) rate being 6%. For lower cost and lower strength binder cements, it is possible to include more of micronized mineral fillers.

Inclusion of activators is an important element for obtaining Invention's final products. The preliminary reason for employing activators is for improving the early strengths and provides the serviceability of them in parallel times to the market expectations and providing to them the property of being left to the natural circumstances without need for extra protection. The activators have provided notable improvements in 1 ^st and 7 ^th day strengths and products attaining 1 1 Mpa at 7 ^th day were obtained. Activators provided strength increase without deteriorating the monolithic structure. Products reaching to 20 Mpa at 28 ^th day and to 23 Mpa at 45 ^th day were obtained. It can be presumed that, these strengths might satisfy many of the structural strength requirements also. Depending on the kind of pozzolan(s), a ₂ S0 ₄ , NaOH, NaC0 ₃ , CaCl and others can be used as activators. The observation in the context of the Invention, related to effects of curing heat, has proven that increased curing heat improves strength development directly. For this reason it might also be favorable to employ additives to increase curing heat or to prolong the higher heat period, like set fasteners, salts, some plastifiers, calcium sulfate and others. Among these, the ones that begin their task after the preliminary heat increase of quicklime itself and preferably have longer duration effects are more preferable. It can be assumed that these types of additives could be developed further specific for this task. These additives chemically effect the hydration reaction positively, increase the amount of active calcium oxide bound, increase heat or increase higher heat period duration. They perform one of many of the said functions. It is preferable that these materials should not initiate a reaction in the conditions of an air or humid protected packing conditions of the final binder product. Like this, the most practical solution, which is the one component mix could be obtained, where otherwise second component would be needed. When it is considered that quicklime itself is an activator material, negative effects like crack formation should be investigated when further activators are used. As a method for determining the activator additive content, preparing alternative contented combinations samples by decreasing the quicklime, portland cements and portland clinkers and calcium sulfates by 15% or by increasing them by 5% parallely or in varied proportions and applying alternative activator rates to these new binders yields most suitable and permanent results. It is possible to use activators and heat related additives in combination also. Other additives' effects are considered also. So, the list of tests (experiments) as above gets longer. Importance of approach gets clearer when combined use of activators and heat related additives under quicklime based binders are conceived arid the possibility of introducing more of active calcium oxide to reaction is considered. Numerous experiments implementation seems to be the most dependable method based over of supported by calculation methods of chemical science. As such, specific, direct to the point, realistic approach could be obtained. A product that shall be commercialized and be industrially produced requires an underlying robust study and experiments that considered every factor sensitively for obtaining the optimum products. Many of the chemical additives like water cutters (extenders or plastifiers), water repellents, air entrainers etc has positive contributions. Expansion reducing additives also have positive effects. But this requires a thorough control of risk of compressive strength reduction. As a general statement, we say that additives related to cement and lime industry yields the results expected from them with the new binders also in various levels. Additive contents as high as 5% has been possible. But for the new cements, to be in the economical range or limits, it seems that excessive use of additives would not be a realistic or required case. It must be noted that without any additives, but with portland cement inclusion of 10%, it has been possible to obtain strengths in range of 13.5-19.0 Mpa. Many uses could be satisfied with these binders by substituting portland cements. If the above 10% portland cement not included, strength shall be in 10-14 Mpa range. Even this is sufficient for some uses. Also, it should be considered that strength development confirms after 28 ^th day also and up to 25% increases at 45* day might be reached. At 90* day strength increase shall be in 20-35%) range. This is an expected but notable result for pozzolanic reaction and shows that they get more dependable in time.

The basic pozzolanic binder cement composed of pozzoIan(s)-quicklime only, and it underlies all the studies, are themselves also good binders. The strength distribution range in natural pozzolans based binders are narrower compared to artificial pozzolans based ones and the upper strength values for the previous is higher than the latter in most cases. Optimum active calcium oxide also behaves parallely. As a generalization, the maximum content of pozzolans in the binder by weight, has been 89% at maximum, while optimum active calcium oxide content has been 23% at maximum. One of the critical findings of the Invention has been related to basaltic or volcanic scoria which was not mentioned as a valuable or notable pozzolan in literature. The Invention proves that this is also valuable and usable pozzolan. For example, buy introducing only 13-4% active calcium oxide to Libyan origin basaltic scoria compressive strength of 11 Mpa is obtained. By including only a 10% portland cement to this, 14 Mpa is attained. As such many groups of binder cements were obtained. If classified to main groups; 1. Pozzolan(s) - quicklime - portland cement products (and/or portland clinkers+calcium sulfates), 2. Pozzolan(s) - quicklime - Calcium sulfate resources-activators, 3. Pozzolan(s) - quicklime - activators. Categories 4,5,6 are versions of above where activators are not used. Categories 7,8,9 are versions of above 1-6 categories, which are strengthened by addition of chemical and/or mineral additives. Also non-activated but additives strengthened versions can be and with inclusion of minerals fillers various product categories can be formed.

Most differentiated properties of the Invention's new binder cements are, distinctive workability, sticking, placing and taking form, perfect water retention and plasticity. These benefits are from the lime factor which is inherently present in their mix. As was stated previously also, many economical and environmentally protectionist substitutions of portland cements can be done especially in rendering-plastering, mortar, screed cements at first hand could be substituted. A typical new binder cement with 30% lime and portland content could not provide strengths as high as the sole 30% portland cement introduced pozzolans-portland cement combination but it is hardly usable for any duty because it is not workable, does not place etc. For an instance one can think that the hydrated lime based pozzo-lime binders also would be workable and usable but it should be remembered that they are considerably (up to 50%) weaker than he Invention's binder cements and their taking into service times are sometimes unbearably long. With the Invention, binder products which have large function area and which are not portland cements has been obtained for the first time. Its being plastic and durability against micro cracks creates additional area. By blending these binder cements with high alumina cements, refactory cements, natural cements and others up to 50%, it is possible to obtain other cements.

According to Invention's logic, the studies involve making direct experiments for determination of the compressive strengths. For observing the effects of content level of a component or components, arranging a number of experiments by decreasing that component(s) by 15% at maximum or by increasing by 7% at maximum, provides a dependable set of measurements and observations. Although it might be thought that this is difficult and time consuming, it should be stated that obtaining a product over pozzolan(s) itself is a time consuming study and in that context all experiments could be implemented. For obtaining results in short duration, heat (45°C-50°C) could be applied to come to result at 7 ^th and/or 14 ^th days. For example, a 7 ^th day result can show the tendency and direction to be chosen, and numbers of experiments could be decreased in an elaborate manner. Computerized modeling involving statistical methods also could be employed. The high reactivity of the binder products points to due care to their shelf life. Drying of the pozzolans at the beginning, should be considered from the beginning. These require simple techniques like aeration, drying etc. Beneath humidity, C0 ₂ also is an influential factor where packing might be required to be air tight and compressed. For all these, minor improvements or adoptions in portland cement packing and delivery and similar to that of construction chemicals handling shall be sufficient, indeed, many of the portland products do not require shelf lifes prolonging to many months. When considered from occupational health and labor safety, the active calcium oxide content of 15% and 20% at maximum and with addition of portland products a total of 30% should not be considered as hazardous comparatively. The techniques for production of the new binder cements are the known and settled techniques and applications; crushing, screening, calcinations, heating, drying, grinding, separation, mixing (blending), clinker and granules obtaining, mineral-chemical additive systems' processes' various or different combinations shall provide the needed production process for any need. The plants for these comparatively are less costly and generally more compact and can be installed in shorter time duration. The mixing-blending can be enforced direct mixing or can be as blending with others at defined phases of the processes could be arranged. As such, for plants which are already settled for a production, it is probable to find rearrangement solutions.

The consumption span of the new binder cement(s) is very large and in some known areas it permits application of some new techniques; In aerated concretes area, and especially for gas forming or air gap providing materials using ones, it permits use of large numbers of additives or chemicals (hydrolised proteins, amins, amino acids, naphtaline sulfate formaldehyde, butyl carpitol, glycol ethers, keratin-casein) derivatives, aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide and others. This provides flexibility permitting to move out of limited area of aluminum powder and hydrogen peroxide. In the same manner, it permits substitution of the costly silicate mineral input with cheaper calcium carbonate mineral aggregate in production of aerated products. Without using autoclave or by partial use of autoclave and by just moulding and ordinary curing, it becomes possible to reduce the costs. For production of other types of light weight products as in-situ or precast concretes like diatomite, pumice, perlite, polystyrene, expanded clay aggregates and others the new binder cements can be used in most economical and flexible manner. It is obvious that they can be used ^, for any of concreting needs with normal concrete aggregates (precast or in-situ). They can be used as economic and environmentalist binders for production of any thickness or any dimension concrete panels, reinforced or laminated or plain. As a result their usage area covers that of portland cements fully. Further, they are economical, perfect, efficient alternatives for soil and base stabilization works.

The Innovation obtains incredible pozzolime cements of high strengths and workability by including new calcium sulphate resources obtained under another innovation( ) . These new calcium sulphates are obtained under much lower heat compared to the known processes (ie 100-135 C) and ground to same sizes of the cement. Their reactivity power in Portland cement hydration is much higher and they can yield strong gypsum products in sole use also. These new sulphates also can be employed with similar ways like the other calcium sulphates as described in the previous text as complete or partial substitution to them. As a typical strong sample; 76%tras + 22% quicklime + 2% new calcium sulphate hemihydrate type yielded 17 Mpa and when this was supported with 3% NaOH and % 3 polycarboxilate type water cutter, outcome was a great 24 Mpa. Many percentages have been used and exceptional usable products have been obtained.