Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to pre-stretched tubes (PST) supported in a stretched condition by a rigid core which may be removed to allow the tube to contract into contact with an object to be environmentally protected and/electrically insulated.

Background of the Invention

United States patent number 3,515,798, assigned to the assignee of the present invention and herein incorporated by reference, discloses an assembly of a elastic tube and a rigid polymeric core which supports the tube in a radially-expanded condition. This conventional construction is illustrated in Figure 1. The assembly is typically used to electrically insulate and environmentally protect the connection between two electrical power cables. In use, the PST assembly is slid over the end of one cable and temporarily positioned along the length of the cable at a position removed from the cable end. Then the connection is made between the cables and the PST assembly repositioned over the connection. The core is then removed to allow the PST to contract into contact with the cables at each side of the connection to protect the connection area. The core is made removable by cutting or molding a helical spiral in its inner and/or outer surfaces to define a strip of material helically wound into a tube. By pulling one end of the strip, the core can be unwound at the spiral and the core progressively removed in a continuous length.

While the invention just described works well for its intended purpose, there are some situations where it is not feasible to use the PST assembly as

described. For example, it frequently happens that the connection between cable must be accomplished in a confined space such as a manhole. There may not be enough exposed length of either cable to allow the PST assembly to be slid along the length of one cable a distance sufficient to expose the cable end for connection. Also, it is sometimes necessary to form the joined cables into a bend in the area of the connection. In either of these situations, and many others, the rigidity of the PST assembly will not permit it to accommodate the requirements of the connection circumstances.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention overcomes the limitations of the above-described PST assembly by providing a pre- stretched, elastomeric article including a molded tube having open ends and an unstretched, convoluted central section, the ends being elastically stretched in the radial direction and including at least a portion which is cylindrical to provide a sealing surface, and two cores independent of each other disposed one at each of the ends for supporting the tube ends in the stretched condition. Each of the cores is removable to permit the tube ends to elastically recover to a diameter smaller than the diameter of the tube ends when supported by the cores.

The convoluted, "bellows" configuration of the central portion of the PST assembly, and the facts that the rigid cores are independent of each other and located only at the ends of the PST assembly, allow the assembly to accommodate a wide variety of unusual circumstances where conventional PST products could not be used. In the examples above of difficult situations, the convolutions of the assembly could be

compressed in the situation where only a short length of cable is available to allow access to the cable end and permit a connection to another cable to be accomplished. The PST assembly would then be allowed to expand longitudinally to cover the connection. The increased flexibility of the convoluted section of the PST and the lack of a rigid core in this location, allow the PST assembly to be bent to any desired angle, thus accommodating the second situation posed above.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention will be more thoroughly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers refer to like parts in the several views, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional PST assembly;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a PST assembly according to the present invention; and

Figure 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of a PST assembly according to the present invention.

Description of the Preferred Embodiments

Figure 1 illustrates a conventional PST assembly, generally indicated as 10, which includes an outer tube 12 of elastomeric material which is stretched in the radial direction and an inner core 14 which supports the tube 12 in the stretched configuration. The core 14 is removable to allow the tube 12 to contract and seal to an object over which the PST assembly was placed. The assembly of Figure 1 has proven very useful in sealing a connection between power cables, although it has much more general application. When used with cables, the PST assembly 10 is slid over the

end of one cable and positioned along the length of the cable. The connection is then made between the cables and the PST assembly 10 is repositioned to cover the connection. The core 14 is then removed to allow the tube 12 to contract to cover the connection and seal to each of the cables on either side of the connection.

The PST tubing 12 is a molded or extruded section of an elastomeric polymer, preferably EPM or EPDM, either of which may be modified in accordance with the teachings of United States patents numbers 4,363,842 and 5,080,942, both of which are assigned to the assignee of the present invention and incorporated herein by reference.

The core 14 is preferably made of a versatile plastic such as polypropylene, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride. The core 14 may be formed according to any of the methods described in United States patents numbers 3,515,798; 4,503,105 or 4,871,599 all of which are assigned to the assignee of the present invention and herein incorporated by reference. Those patents describe various ways of forming a cylindrical core 14 having a helical line of weakening which spirals from end to end. The core 14 can thus be thought of as a narrow strip which is helically wound to form a cylinder and wherein the adjacent edges of the strip are attached to each other. A free end of the strip is led back through the center of the core 14 and, if pulled upon, will cause the strip to separate at the line of weakening and unwind. It is necessary that the core 14 be unwound from the end opposite the end from which the strip is pulled so that the contracting core 14 does not contract down upon the strip and prevent its removal.

Figure 2 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention, which is a PST assembly 16 including a PST tube 18 and two cores 20 and 22. The tube 18 is

molded of any of the materials discussed above into a shape which includes a convoluted central portion 24 and two cylindrical ends 26 and 28. The cores 20 and 22 are formed of the materials and in the manner discussed above with respect to Figure 1. Although not shown, each core 20 and 22 has a free end which extends from the end of the cores 20 and 22 adjacent the convoluted section 24, through the core 20 or 22 and out the outer end of the cores 20 and 22. Pulling these free ends will thus cause the cores 20 and 22 to unwind from the inside of the tube 18 toward the outside.

The tube 18 is constructed as shown in Figure 2 to allow the PST assembly 16 to be used in situations where it would be difficult to use the conventional PST assembly 10 shown in Figure 1. The combination of the convolutions and the fact that the cores 20 and 22 do not extend into the convolution area 24 permit the PST assembly great versatility. For example, in tight situations the length of the PST assembly 16 can be compressed to allow a connection to be made and then elongated to cover the connection. The convolution area 24 is also easily bent to accommodate bends in the cable. Neither of these actions could be accomplished with the PST assembly of Figure 1.

Figure 3 illustrates a PST assembly 30 formed as is the PST assembly 16 of Figure 2 but with the addition of a hole 32 which may be used to introduce such things a waterproofing resin to the completed connection after the PST has been positioned over the connection. Since the hole 32 is located at a portion of the assembly 30 which is not stretched to fit over the cores, there is no danger that the hole 32 will cause the material of the PST assembly 30 to tear. The present invention has been described with respect to only a limited number of embodiments, but

many variations are possible. For example, the two ends of the PST tube can be molded to different diameters and/or stretched to different diameters by different sized cores. The material could be thicker at one portion of the tube than at another, or the ends could be molded to include ridges or grooves for sealing or to engage with other molded shapes on the object to be covered by the PST.