TSIMBOURLAS, Gerasimos (40 Faneromenis Str, Holargos Attikis, GR-155 62, GR)
TSIMBOURLAS, Gerasimos (40 Faneromenis Str, Holargos Attikis, GR-155 62, GR)
CLAIMS
1. Prefabricated concrete buildings made up of walls (4) and (21) characterized in carrying at specific points holes (2) and embodied sleeve joints (11) for the jointing between each other, which is carried out by using screws (7) and screw nuts (6). 2. Prefabricated concrete buildings made up of ground storey walls (18) and storey slabs (19) characterized in that the ground storey walls carry at specific points sleeve joints (11), the storey slabs having holes (15) and the jointing between each other is carried out using metallic screws (7).
3. Prefabricated concrete buildings made up of storey walls (21) and storey slabs (19) characterized in that the storey walls have embodied the special connector
(12) and the jointing between each other is carried out by the penetration of the special fitting (22) (which is screwed on the screw (7)) into the special connector (12) secured by using the pin (26).
4. Storey slabs (19) of prefabricated concrete buildings characterized in that they contain the connectors (14), made up of steel rectangular sheets welded with each other that have anchoring holes, for the jointing between each other by arc welding.
5. A production method for storey slabs (19) of prefabricated concrete buildings characterized in that the slabs are fabricated in a formwork which has at definite and specific points open holes (15) that have temporarily plugs (23), holes being formed at the desired points by removing plugs and placing a pin (27).
6. A production method for storey slabs (19) of prefabricated concrete buildings characterized in that the slabs are fabricated in a formwork which has at definite and specific points manually (29) or mechanically driven pistons (30) that form by coming out open holes (15). |
DESCRIPTION Prefabricated concrete buildings
This invention relates to prefabricated concrete buildings made up of elements (walls and slabs), which are prefabricated in a plant area and assembled by means of permanent and stable joints at the building construction site.
Prefabricated buildings of this type i.e made up of prefabricated concrete elements are well known.
The assembly, i.e. the jointing of the prefabricated elements is usually done by arc welding of the starter bars of their existing reinforcement or of metallic fittings fixed in the concrete, followed by concrete pouring. This method is time consuming, of low aesthetics and not very safe in respect of strength. In the present invention the building designing methodology is carried out using a grid of steady pitch, the building elements (walls and slabs) are produced by means of variable form work, and the jointing between the elements is carried out with screws or special joints. The building elements already as of the prefabrication phase carry at predetermined points (as come up from the design) holes or metallic fittings that are to be used for the permanent jointing between them.
So the jointing between the various elements of the invention is carried out timely, safely and with an excellent aesthetics without requiring formwork and concrete pouring at the building construction site. Advantages of the present invention are the short time of building construction, the excellent aesthetics of the jointing points and consequently of the whole building, as well as the safe manner of permanent jointing of the building elements at the accurately predetermined points as these come out from the adopted designing methodology. The present invention can be fully understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a building made by the present building system,
Figure 2 is a typical building corner where two storey walls, the slabs, their jointing with the lower storey, all jointing fittings and the designing grid axes are shown, Figure 3 is a cut view of two walls jointing Figure 4 is a cut view of two slab elements jointing as well as the tightening means,
Figure 5 is a cut view of wall jointing between two storeys by means of a special joint,
Figure 6 is a formwork for wall fabrication, Figure 7 is a formwork for wall fabrication at both sides, Figure 8 is a formwork for slab element fabrication, type (1), and Figure 9 is a formwork for slab element fabrication, type (2).
To make clear the invention, the basic rules of the designing method for Figure 1 building construction are described below. - The wall axes are located on a designing grid of definite pitch of cm order (10 or 15 cm).
The jointing holes of two walls are spaced at distances of integer multiplies of the grid pitch.
- The jointing holes of the slab elements coincide with the grid nodes. - The jointing of the elements making up the building slab is done through a fitting at points also coinciding with the grid nodes. The positions of the formworks that the building structural elements are fabricated with for the clips location are found necessarily at the nodes.
All the formworks have at the locations of the grid nodes holes sealed with plugs. The plugs are removed as the case may be and jointing fittings are placed instead of them.
Below it is shown the description of the typical elements formwork, their prefabrication process and the jointing method of the various elements together during the construction of the Figure 1 building.
Walls
All walls of the building in Figure 1 are fabricated by the variable formwork shown in Figures 6 & 7. This formwork is a flat metallic table consisting of the main body, the side plates or parapets (8) carrying the holes (9) at distances equal to the pitch (b) Figure 2 of the grid and the vibrators (10).
The preparation of each wall formwork is carried out according to production designs whereon all the jointing fittings (sleeve joints (11), special connectors (12)) included
in each wall element are represented with symbols, as well as the exact location where they are placed.
The plug is removed and the jointing fitting is screwed at the corresponding place. All walls of the building in Figure 1 are made of reinforced concrete and contain the reinforcement, the connectors with the adjacent walls (4), the connectors with the floor and the above slab (3) and the connectors with the storey wall (21). The boxes and pipes of electrical installations are embodied. The window and door openings are formed during the formwork phase.
Following the concrete pouring and setting, the wall is raised using the embodied sleeve joints (11) where the raising keys are placed. Same keys are used for the loading, transportation and especially the assembly of the elements at the building construction site.
Storey slabs All elements of the storey slabs of the building in Figure 1 are fabricated by the variable formwork shown in Figures 8 & 9. It is a flat metallic table with holes (15) at the node points of the work grid.
The holes are temporary sealed with plugs (23) Figure 9, which are removed as the case may be at the points where the jointing hole of the slab element will be formed. At this point the pin (27) is positioned, which is removed following the concrete pouring for the element, leaving behind the hole (25) Figure 9, formwork type 2. Alternatively, through the holes a piston of corresponding diameter is passed that operates inside a guide. The piston guiding is done manually or mechanically (pneumatically or hydraulically). During the phase of preparation for concrete pouring, the pistons extend at the predetermined locations that have come up from the building design for the jointing of the slab with the wall as well as for the forming of spot lighting positions, parapets, slab suspension points, etc.
Subsequently, a pipe portion is placed round the piston like a jacket (24) Figure 8, which is embodied in the concrete or removed after concrete pouring, Figure 8, type 1.
The storey slabs are made of reinforced concrete and contain the connectors (14) Figure 4 for the jointing between each other by arc welding, the holes (25) at the jointing points with walls (always at grid nodes), the boxes and pipes of electrical installations.
In case of hydraulically driven pistons there is a workstation with switches so the selection is done automatically. Following concrete pouring and setting, the pistons return to their original position and so removal of formworks is carried out.
Jointings
The jointings between the various elements of a building of the present invention are described below.
Jointing of a wall with the building base Figure 1 shows the base or platform (1) of a typical building of the present invention.
The base (1) whereon the typical building will be constructed is made on site according to the known traditional method.
At the points where the base will be connected with the walls as have come out from the already mentioned building design methodology, holes (13) of specific diameter and depth are drilled using a special apparatus (e.g. core drill).
Subsequently, the screws (7) are placed in the walls and specifically at their jointing points with the base. Impregnation with resin at the base holes (13) follows, and the wall are positioned Figure 1.
Jointing between walls
Figure 3 shows in cut view the jointing between two walls. One wall (21) bears at the jointing point an embodied sleeve joint (11), the other wall (4) having a hole (2). The two walls come in touch. Subsequently, a metallic screw (7) is passed through the hole (2) that is screwed on the sleeve joint. Finally, the screw nut (6) is screwed on the screw end (7) and the especially formed groove (5) of the wall (4) is filled with a special resin that impregnates the screw (7) - sleeve joint (11) jointing so that the jointing shall be more stable.
Jointing of storey slab elements Figure 4 shows in cut view a typical jointing between two adjacent storey slab elements. The storey slabs include the connectors (14). In order to position the connectors (14) there are holes at the side parapets (at the grid positions) where the connectors are temporarily screwed in the threaded holes (28) for the concrete pouring phase.
During the permanent jointing phase, the slabs come close each other by using a special clamp. Subsequently, arc welding is carried out at the points (16a) and (16b) for a permanent and safe jointing.
At an appropriate formation (17) at the lower part of the connectors a special filler compound is placed.
Jointing of ground storey wall with a storey slab
Figure 5 also shows in cut view a typical jointing between a storey wall (21) and a storey slab (19). In this case the special connector (12) having a hole is anchored in the wall instead of the sleeve joint (11) during its fabrication phase.
The special fitting (22) has on its upper part a hole corresponding to the special connector (12) hole. The storey wall is placed on the storey slab so that the fitting (22) penetrates in the special connector (12). Subsequently, positioning of a pin (26) for the permanent jointing between fitting (22) and special connector (12) and impregnation with resin follow.
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