JPS5258638 | DELTA WING GLIDER |
D ANDRADE BRUCE M (US)
ANDRADE BRUCE M D (US)
US3025633A | 1962-03-20 | |||
US3049832A | 1962-08-21 | |||
US3121292A | 1964-02-18 | |||
FR2507911A1 | 1982-12-24 | |||
US5188557A | 1993-02-23 |
1. | A liquid jet propelled rocket launcher androcket toy, which comprises:(a) a launcher having a housing whichincludes a vessel for holdingpressurized air therein, an inlet tosaid vessel and an outlet from saidvessel, and said housing having a jettube receiver extending from saidoutlet and adapted to connect with ajet tube of a rocket assembly;(b) a pump connected to said vessel inletof said housing, said pump beingconnected for and capable of pumpingair into said vessel at a pressuresufficient to launch said rocket assembly;(c) a one way valve connected to said pumpand permitting flow of air only fromsaid pump to said vessel;(d) a rocket assembly latch mechanismlocated on said housing;(e) means for releasing said latchmechanism;(f) a rocket assembly which includes arocket reservoir for receiving liquidand subsequently receiving air underpressure from said pump by way of saidlauncher housing, a jet tube extendingfrom said rocket reservoir and adaptedto sealably and releasably connect tosaid jet tube receiver of said housing; wherein said rocket assembly with said jettube is releasably attachable to said housingwith said jet tube coupled in fluid communicationwith said jet tube receiver by said latchmechanism, wherein liquid may be stored withinsaid rocket reservoir, and air may be pumped intosaid rocket reservoir and into said launchervessel by means of actuating said pump andfurther wherein a substantial positive airpressure may be created within said rocketreservoir and within said vessel, after whichsaid rocket assembly may be released by saidrelease means and may advance away from saidhousing by said pressurized air in said vesseland by jet propulsion of said liquid and aircontained within said rocket reservoir. |
2. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said rocketassembly is a two piece assembly having anupper section which includes a- nose conecontaining said rocket reservoir and havinga lower section which includes said jettube. |
3. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said jet tube isremovably connected to said upper sectionand includes a restricted outlet orifice toenhance jet propulsion upon launching. |
4. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said jet tubereceiver includes a one way valve whichinhibits the flow of liquid from said rocketreservoir to said launcher vessel but per its air to be pumped into said rocketreservoir. |
5. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said pump is apiston pump with a piston and chamber havinga second one way valve, said second one wayvalve being connected to said piston. |
6. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said releasemeans is a depressible, spring loadedtrigger. |
7. | The toy of claim 1, wherein said pump isconnected by at least one flexible tube tosaid launcher vessel inlet so that said pumpmay be remotely located from said launcher and rocket assembly. |
8. | The toy of claim 7, wherein said pump isconnected by two flexible tubes to saidlauncher vessel inlet so that said pump maybe remotely located from said launcher androcket assembly. |
9. | A liquid jet propelled rocket launcherand rocket toy, which comprises:(a) a launcher having a housing whichincludes a base for resting on ahorizontal surface, a vessel holding apredetermined amount of air therein, avessel air inlet, a vessel air outletand said housing having a jet tube receiver connected to said vesseloutlet and adapted to connect with ajet nozzle of a rocket assembly;(b) a pump connected to said vessel inlet,said pump being connected for andcapable of pumping pressurized air intosaid vessel;(c) a one way valve connected to said pumpand permitting flow of air only fromsaid pump to said vessel inlet;(d) a rocket assembly latch mechanismlocated on either of said housing ora rocket assembly;(e) means for releasing said latchmechanism; and,(f) a rocket assembly which includes a propulsion rocket reservoir forreceiving liquid and subsequentlyreceiving air under pressure from saidpump, and a jet tube extending fromsaid propulsion rocket reservoir andadapted to sealably and releasablyconnect with said jet tube receiver ofsaid housing;wherein said rocket assembly with said jettube is releasably attachable to said housingwith said jet tube coupled in fluid communicationwith said jet tube receiver by said latchmechanism, wherein liquid may be stored withinsaid rocket propulsion reservoir, and air may bepumped into said rocket propulsion reservoir andinto said launcher vessel by means of actuating said pump and further wherein a substantialpositive air pressure may be created within saidrocket propulsion reservoir and within saidvessel, after which said rocket assembly may bereleased by said release means and may advanceaway from said housing by said pressurized air insaid vessel and by jet propulsion of said liquidand air contained within said rocket propulsionreservoir. |
10. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said rocketassembly is a two piece assembly having anupper section which includes a nose conecontaining said rocket propulsion reservoirand having a lower section which includessaid jet tube. |
11. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said jet tube isremovably connected to said upper sectionand includes a restricted outlet orifice toenhance jet propulsion upon launching. |
12. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said jet tubereceiver includes a one way valve whichinhibits the flow of liquid from said rocketpropulsion reservoir to said launcher vesselbut permits air to be pumped into saidrocket propulsion reservoir. |
13. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said pump is apiston pump with a piston and chamber havinga second one way valve, said second one wayvalve being connected to said piston. |
14. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said releasemeans is a depressible, spring loadedtrigger. |
15. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said pump isconnected by at least one flexible tube tosaid launcher vessel inlet so that said pumpmay be remotely located from said launcherand rocket assembly. |
16. | The toy of claim 9, wherein said pump isconnected by two flexible tubes to saidlauncher vessel inlet so that said pump maybe remotely located from said launcher androcket assembly. |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a
liquid jet propelled rocket launcher and rocket.
More specifically, it is directed to a toy which
propels a rocket in a generally upward direction
by a liquid-air propulsion combination. Further,
the present invention utilizes a rocket with a
liquid reservoir, a pump and a pressurized base
vessel whereby pressurized air is pumped into the
rocket reservoir and into the base vessel, and
the rocket is subsequently released for
propulsion. Thus, the present invention pertains
in general to motive type rockets which are
launched by hand operation and no chemicals,
motors, batteries or other power is required.
2. Prior Art Statement
Toys involving launchers have been around
for at least thirty or forty years and apparently
5 emerged with modern rocketry, although not all
such toys pertain directly to rockets. Over the
years various types of jet-powered toys have been
developed which rely upon pressurized liquid
within a container in the projectile or
10 transporter and/or rely upon pneumatic launching.
United States Patent No. 2,733,699 issued to
B. Krinsky describes a rocket toy using a
pressurized launcher and a spring mechanism for
initial thrust. Pressurized air is created by a
15 hand pump and a resilient washer (42) is used to
retard launching until adequate pressure is
achieved .
United States Patent No. 2,927,398 issued to
Kaye et al describes a multi-stage rocket in
which fluid within chambers in each of multiple
5 stages of a rocket are pressurized and
sequentially released. Similarly, United States
Patent No. 3,962,818 issued to Reginald Pippin
describes a multi-stage rocket with mechanisms
for pressurizing liquid within containers for
10 each stage.
United States Patent No. 3,740,896 to Marvin
Glass et al describes a jet-powered vehicle
wherein a wheeled vehicle has a chamber or
container within it and has a launching device
15 which includes an air pump with a one-way valve.
There is also clamp means for holding the vehicle
in the charging position and a trigger means for
releasing the clamping device following the
charging of the chamber to permit the vehicle to
be propelled by means of reaction of the jet
5 drive.
United States Patent No. 4,223,472 describes
a toy missle launching device which utilizes
pressurized air. It involves a complex system
which includes a large launching guide pipe, a
10 complex mechanical release mechanism and a three
position valve member for a complex pumping and
launching.
United States Patent No. 4,411,249 issued to
Bonnie Fogarty et al describes a toy glider with
15 a pneumatic launcher. In this device, a wristlet
includes a pumping mechanism as well as a
flexible conduit to which a glider may be
attached. The pump is used to pressurize and
pneumatically project the glider.
United States Patent No. 4,897,065 issued to
5 John Fertig describes a toy vehicle and hand held
pneumatic launcher wherein the pumping mechanism
has a piston and hollow cylinder designed for a
particular type of grip of a child coupled with
thumb or hand operation of the pump mechanism.
10 United States Patent No. 5,032,100 issued to
Adolf Goldfarb describes a toy vehicle and
launcher which uses contractive power of liquid
in a liquid expanded chamber to propel the
vehicle. Here, a significantly large reservoir
15 is utilized to fill and expand a bladder which is
connected to and part of a transporter or toy
vehicle. It is the expanded, pressurized bladder
with the air and water mixture which propels the
vehicle as a result of the contraction of the
bladder upon release of the vehicle.
5 Notwithstanding the prior art in this field,
no patent teaches or renders obvious the present
invention device which utilizes a pressurized
launcher with a rocket which has a reservoir
which holds a predetermined amount of liquid.
10 The reservoir is also pressurized so as to create
a predetermined volume mixture of liquid and air
to maximize a two step liquid jet propulsion of
the rocket upon launching.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
15 The present invention involves a liquid jet
propelled rocket and rocket launcher. The
launcher has a housing which includes a vessel
for holding pressurized air therein, an inlet to
the vessel and an outlet from the vessel. Also,
the housing has a jet tube receiver extending
5 from the outlet and adapted to connect with a jet
tube of a rocket assembly. A pump is connected
to the vessel inlet of the housing, the pump is
connected for and capable of pumping air into the
vessel at a pressure sufficient to launch the
10 rocket assembly. A one way valve is connected to
the pump and permits the flow of air only from
the pump to the vessel. There is a rocket
assembly latch mechanism located on the housing
with means for releasing the latch. There are
15 also, a rocket assembly which includes a liquid
reservoir for receiving liquid and subsequently
receiving air under pressure from the pump, a jet
tube extending from the liquid reservoir and
adapted to sealably and releasably connect to
said jet tube receiver of the housing.
5 The rocket assembly with the jet tube is
releasably attachable to the housing with the jet
tube coupled in fluid communication with the jet
tube receiver by the latch mechanism, wherein the
liquid may be stored within the rocket reservoir,
10 and air may be pumped into the rocket reservoir
and into the launcher vessel by means of
actuating the pump. In addition, a substantial
positive air pressure may be created within the
rocket reservoir and within the vessel, after
15 which the rocket assembly may be released by the
release means and may advance away from the
housing by the pressurized air in the vessel and
by jet propulsion of the liquid and air contained
within the rocket reservoir. In preferred
embodiments the water to air ratio and the air
5 pressure itself are such that the rocket assembly
is launched in two different discrete phases, one
being a positive air pressure thrust by the
pressurized vessel and the other being a
combination of air and liquid such as water to
10 create a jet stream thrust from the rocket
assembly.
BRIEF -DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention as described herein
will be more fully understood and appreciated
15 when taken in conjunction with the drawings
appended hereto those drawings are as follows:
Figures 1(a), 1(b) and 1(c) show front
elevation views, partially in vertical cross-
section, of a present invention toy, including a
pump, a launcher and a liquid jet propelled
5 rocket assembly;
Figure 2 is a partial side elevation view,
partially in vertical cross-section, of a present
invention launcher base; and
Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view of a
10 portion of the launcher shown in Figures la, lc
and 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention toy has been developed
to create a rocket assembly which is jet
15 propelled and which may be launched by hand
preferably utilizing a mixture of liquid
(typically water) and air, e.g. a predetermined
ratio, in a rocket assembly reservoir and
enabling the user to effectively accomplish this
in a manner which utilizes an air pressure built
5 up in both a rocket assembly and a launcher,
followed by jet propulsion caused by pressurized
air with water exiting from the rocket assembly
for thrust. Uniquely, the present invention toy
includes a launcher which has a housing with a
10 pressurizeable vessel, as well as a reservoir on
the rocket assembly for additional
pressurization. The rocket reservoir has a
volume for a predetermined amount of liquid, with
space left for air and subsequent pressurization.
15 Thus, it is an object of the present
invention to provide an advanced toy for
launching rocket assemblies and similar
substantially vertically launched aerodynamic
projectiles and any other form of substantially
vertically launched transporters, which can be
5 imagined or may yet to be developed in an
exciting and efficient manner. (Thus the words
"rocket" and "rocket assembly" should be taken to
mean substantially vertically launched
aerodynamic projectiles or transporters.)
10 Referring now to Figures 1(a), 1(b), 1(c)
and 2, there is shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b)
front, elevation views, partially in vertical
cross-section, of a present invention toy 1,
including a launcher 11, rocket assembly 101 and
15 pump 39. Figure 1(b) shows an enlargement of a
portion of the launcher and rocket assembly and
Figure 1(c) shows an enlargement of the pump
system. In Figure 2 is shown a partial side
elevation view, partially in vertical cross-
section, of a present invention launcher base
5 (without showing supports such as supports 5).
Launcher 11 includes launcher housing 3 which has
a plurality (e.g. three) base supports such as
base supports 5 for support and stability as well
as a housing vessel 7. Vessel 7 includes a
10 vessel inlet 9 which includes attachment stem 13
shown in Figure 2. Also shown in Figure 2 is one
way check valve 12 which allows, air to flow into
vessel 7 but, when vessel 7 is pressurized,
prevents air from exiting vessel 7 through inlet
15 9.
Facing upwardly from housing 3 is vessel
outlet 15 connected directly to jet tube receiver
27. As will be discussed below, the jet tube
receiver 27 receives jet tube 77 of. rocket
assembly 101. Jet tube receiver 27 includes an
5 outlet 25, as shown. Additionally, jet tube
receiver 27 is itself an annulus or tubing or
piping configuration and has a one way valve 31
which opens only to upward flow (e.g. air)
through orifice 33.
10 The housing 3 also includes a rocket
assembly latch mechanism 17 which is biased by
spring 19 to latch over lip 21. Release means 23
is slidably moveable left to right and vice versa
as shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(c). Release means
15 23 may be pushed against end 29 of latch
mechanism 17 to release an otherwise latched
rocket assembly for launching (discussed further
below) . Safety features such as encasement 35
prevent or deter premature or accidental
launching by securing release mechanism 17 from
5 accidental contact.
Also, shown in Figure 1(c) is pump 39 with
pump piston support 42 which includes a piston
chamber 43 and a piston rod 45 and a piston 41.
Piston pump handle 47 extends beyond the outer
10 end of piston rod 45 and may be reciprocated so
as to pump air into the vessel 7 through one way
0-ring valve 49 located around piston 41 and
connected thereto, as shown. Piston housing cap
51 supports piston rod 45 and handle 47.
15 Optional spring 53 acts as a shock absorber
between handle 47 and cap 51 during pumping.
Air is taken into piston chamber 43 at the
opening around piston rod 45 at cap 51. This
occurs when piston pump handle 47 is pulled
outwardly and O-ring valve 49 moves away from the
5 sealing position and allows air to pass by piston
41 such that air fills piston chamber 43. When
piston pump handle 47 is pushed inwardly, the air
within the piston housing is forced by one way O-
ring valve 49 past one way valve 55, through
10 cavity 57 located in support 42 through outlet
59, down flexible tubing 61 and into vessel inlet
attachment stem 13, into vessel inlet 9 and into
vessel 7. The air also travels up jet tube
receiver 27 and into rocket propulsion reservoir
15 75 of rocket assembly 101. Further pumping
increases the air pressure in the vessel 7 and in
the reservoir 75 of the rocket assembly for
subsequent propulsion. However, if a
predetermined maximum acceptable pressure is
reached, pressure release valve 60 prevents
5 further pressure build up.
Release means 23 is, as mentioned, slidably
mounted so that it may be pushed into end 29 of
latch mechanism 17. When jet tube 77 of the
rocket assembly 101 is inserted onto jet tube
10 receiver 27, it may be secured in place via latch
mechanism 17. When the rocket propulsion
reservoir 75 has water and the rocket propulsion
reservoir of rocket assembly 101 and vessel 7 of
launcher 11 are fully pumped up, e.g. with 60,
15 70, 80 or higher p.s.i., the user could press a
release mechanism to launch. But here, a safety
advantage is achieved because release means 23 is
activated remotely. Flexible tubing 63 connects
a second outlet 65 from pump piston support 42 to
release inlet 67 of launcher 11.
5 When spool valve 69 (or its equivalent) is
shifted from right to left, air pressurizes
tubing 63 instead of tubing 61 and pushes on
release means 23 to release latch mechanism 29.
This causes rocket assembly 101 to launch and be
10 propelled, first by the air pressure in the
launcher vessel 7 and the rocket assembly 101,
and then by subsequent pressure release from
inside jet tube 77 and rocket propulsion
reservoir 75. The initial air pressure from the
15 launcher may be only for a fraction of a second
or so while the released pressure and water jet
stream from the jet tube 77 and reservoir 75 may
last for a number of seconds, e.g. 10 or 20
seconds or more.
Rocket assembly 101 includes jet tube 77
5 with constricted jet orifice 73, and threads 71,
for receiving reservoir 75. In this case there
is a foam cover for rocket propulsion reservoir
75, as shown. Reservoir 75 includes threads 81
at orifice 95 for connection to jet tube threads
10 71. Rocket assembly 101 is in the form of a
simulated vehicle, in this case a rocket with
fins such as fin 83 and brackets such as bracket
89. The fins such as fin 83 may be removable, as
here. While attachment of the reservoir 75 is by
15 threading, the threads are not essential and a
snap on, clamped or sealed arrangement would work
sufficiently. Propulsion reservoir orifice 95
attaches to constricted jet orifice 73 with a
tight seal via washer 97.
A user fills reservoir 75 with water to 50%,
5 60%, or so, of capacity while inverted (orifice
95 upward), and screws it onto jet tube 77. The
thus assembled rocket assembly 101 is then
inverted and placed on jet tube receiver 27. The
assembly 101 is then snapped into a latched
10 position and releasably latched by latch
mechanism 17. Air is pumped via pump 39 into the
launcher vessel 7, the jet tube receiver 27 and
the rocket propulsion reservoir 75 and through
the various connecting means. Valve 31 prevents
15 water from emptying into vessel 7 from reservoir
75. When the pump has been actuated a
predetermined number of counts, e.g., twenty, the
toy 1 is ready for launching.
The user next switches spool valve 69 by
pressing or pulling it to the opposite position
5 from that shown in Figure 1(B). By so doing, the
user closes off outlet 59 and opens outlet 65.
Further pumping increases air pressing in tubing
63 and this continues to increase until adequate
pressure is achieved to overcome the force of
10 spring 19, thereby pushing latch mechanism 17 to
the open position and launching rocket assembly
101 as previously described. This pump releasing
means adds significant play value to the toy, as
it simulates the plunger activated detonation of
15 explosives as frequently depicted in animations.
Significant safety advantages are achieved
by the embodiment of the present invention shown
in Figures 1 and 2. As mentioned, encasement 35
prevents direct release of latch mechanism 17 and
encourages remote release via pump 39. Further,
5 the "soft" rocket assembly 101, comprising
reservoir 75 covered with a foam nose cone 79,
limits any injury which could occur from
accidental impact to a user or other person or
property in the area. Further, a "tilt switch"
10 97 which would prevent release of the rocket
unless it were kept in a substantially vertical
position. This includes a ball valve 99 at
outlet 103. If toy 1 is tilted to an angle of
greater than, say about 15° from the vertical or
15 aimed at someone, or falls over, ball valve 99
will unseat and pressure pumped into tubing 63
will exit through outlet 103 and the user will be
unable to release latch mechanism 17. While this
is an optional feature, it will prevent the use
of the toy for firing at other people.
5 Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view of a
portion along line 3-3 of Figure 1 of launcher 11
with the upper part of encasement 35 removed.
Parts identical to those shown in Figure 1 are
identically numbered. Guides 85 and 87 support
10 latch mechanism 17 allowing it to be moved from
left to right and vice versa, although it is
biased to the left in its resting and latching
position via spring 19. Similarly, release means
23 is reciprocally movable within mounting
15 flanges 91 and 93.
The construction of the present invention
toy is, typically, of various types of plastic
and, once the invention is appreciated, the
selection of soft and hard plastics .for various
components will be within the skill of the
5 artisan. For example, high density polyethylene
may be used for certain aspects whereas other
plastics may be utilized, for example, tubing
could be typical vinyl tubing and the fittings
could be hard rubber fittings or otherwise.
10 Additionally, some or all parts may be made of
other materials such as materials typically
available in the construction of toys, including
rigid and flexible foams, metals, graphite, etc.
Obviously, numerous modifications and
15 variations of the present invention are possible
in light of the above teachings. It is therefore
understood that within the scope of the appended
claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise
than as specifically described herein.