SPEECH CHARACTERISTICS

CLAIM FOR PRIORITY

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 15/587,244, entitled "Privacy Control in a Connected Environment Based on Speech Characteristics," by Segal et al., and filed on May 4, 2017. This application also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/448,923, entitled "Privacy Control in a Connected Environment," by Segal et al., and filed on January 20, 2017. This application also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/486,392, entitled "Privacy Control in a Connected Environment Based on Speech Characteristics," by Segal, and filed on April 17, 2017. This application also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/486,388, entitled "Privacy Control in a Connected Environment," by Segal, and filed on April 17, 2017. The content of the above-identified applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This disclosure relates to privacy control, and in particular privacy control in a connected environment such as a home.

BACKGROUND

[0003] The Internet of Things (loT) allows for the internetworking of devices to exchange data among themselves to enable sophisticated functionality. For example, devices configured for home automation can exchange data to allow for the control and automation of lighting, air conditioning systems, security, etc. In the smart home environment, this can also include home assistant devices providing an intelligent personal assistant to respond to speech. For example, a home assistant device can include a microphone array to receive voice input and provide the corresponding voice data to a server for analysis to provide an answer to a question asked by a user. The server can provide the answer to the home assistant, which can provide the answer as voice output using a speaker. As such, the user and the home assistant device can interact with each other using voice, and the interaction can be supplemented by a server outside of the home providing the answers. However, some users might have privacy concerns with sending voice data to a server outside of the home.

SUMMARY

[0004] Some of the subject matter described herein includes a home assistant device including: a microphone; a speaker; one or more processors; and memory storing instructions, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect first speech spoken by a first user of the home assistant device using the microphone; determine first characteristics of the first speech, the first characteristics including one or more of content of the first speech, time of the first speech, location of the first speech, distance from the home assistant device to a source of the first speech, identity of the first user providing the first speech, or audio characteristics of the first speech; determine first privacy expectations regarding the first speech based on the first characteristics of the first speech; provide the first speech to a cloud server based on the first privacy expectations corresponding to the first speech; receive a first response from the cloud server providing a response to the first speech; play back the first response using the speaker; detect second speech spoken by the first user of the home assistant device using the microphone; determine second characteristics of the second speech, the second characteristics including one or more of content of the second speech, time of the second speech, location of the second speech, distance from the home assistant device to a source of the second speech, identity of the first user providing the second speech, or audio characteristics of the second speech; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the characteristics of the second speech, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different, the second privacy expectations representing higher privacy expectations than the first privacy expectations based on differences between the first characteristics and the second characteristics; provide the second speech to local resources of a wireless network associated with the electronic device rather than the cloud server based on the second privacy expectations; receive a second response from the local resources providing a response to the second speech; and play back the second response using the speaker.

[0005] In some implementations, the local resources include one or both of hardware resources of the home assistant device or resources of other devices communicatively coupled with the home assistant device on the wireless network.

[0006] Some of the subject matter described herein includes a method for privacy control in a connected environment, including: detecting first speech within an environment of an assistant device; determining, by a processor of the assistant device, first

characteristics of the first speech; determining first privacy expectations regarding the first speech based on the first characteristics of the first speech; and providing the first speech to one or both of local resources of the assistant device or a cloud server based on the first privacy expectations.

[0007] In some implementations, the first characteristics includes one or more of content of the first speech, time of the first speech, location of the first speech, distance from the home assistant device to a source of the first speech, identity of a user providing the first speech, or audio characteristics of the first speech.

[0008] In some implementations, the first speech is provided to the cloud server, and the method further including: detecting second speech within the environment; determining second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being different; determining second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics of the second speech, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different; and providing the second speech to the local resources based on the second privacy expectations.

[0009] In some implementations, the second privacy expectations represent higher privacy expectations than the first privacy expectations based on differences between the first characteristics and the second characteristics.

[0010] In some implementations, the method includes: receiving first response data corresponding to the first speech from the cloud server; receiving second response data corresponding to the second speech from the local resources; and providing a response to the first speech and the second speech based on the first response data received from the cloud server and the second response data received from the local resources.

[0011] In some implementations, the local resources include one or both of hardware resources of the assistant device or resources of other devices communicatively coupled with the assistant device on a wireless network.

[0012] In some implementations, the first speech was provided at a first time, the method further including: detecting second speech within an environment of the assistant device at a second time after the first time; determining second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being similar;

determining second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different based on a time difference between the first time and the second time; and providing the second speech to one or both of the local resources of the assistant device or the cloud server based on the second privacy expectations.

[0013] Some of the subject matter described herein includes an electronic device, including: one or more processors; and memory storing instructions, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect first speech within an environment of the electronic device; determine first characteristics of the first speech; determine first privacy expectations regarding the first speech based on the first characteristics of the first speech; and provide the first speech to one or both of local resources of the electronic device or a cloud server based on the first privacy expectations.

[0014] In some implementations, the first characteristics includes one or more of content of the first speech, time of the first speech, location of the first speech, distance from the electronic device to a source of the first speech, identity of a user providing the first speech, or audio characteristics of the first speech.

[0015] In some implementations, the first speech is provided to the cloud server, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect second speech within the environment; determine second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being different; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics of the second speech, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different; and provide the second speech to the local resources based on the second privacy expectations.

[0016] In some implementations, the second privacy expectations represent higher privacy expectations than the first privacy expectations based on differences between the first characteristics and the second characteristics.

[0017] In some implementations, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: receive first response data corresponding to the first speech from the cloud server; receive second response data corresponding to the second speech from the local resources; and provide a response to the first speech and the second speech based on the first response data received from the cloud server and the second response data received from the local resources.

[0018] In some implementations, the local resources include one or both of hardware resources of the electronic device or resources of other devices communicatively coupled with the electronic device on a wireless network.

[0019] In some implementations, the first speech was provided at a first time, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect second speech within an environment of the electronic device at a second time after the first time; determine second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second

characteristics being similar; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different based on a time difference between the first time and the second time; and provide the second speech to one or both of the local resources of the electronic device or the cloud server based on the second privacy expectations. [0020] Some of the subject matter described herein includes a computer program product, comprising one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer program instructions stored therein, the computer program instructions being configured such that, when executed by one or more computing devices, the computer program instructions cause the one or more computing devices to: detect first speech within an environment of an electronic device; determine first characteristics of the first speech;

determining first privacy expectations regarding the first speech based on the first characteristics of the first speech; and providing the first speech to one or both of local resources of the electronic device or a cloud server based on the first privacy expectations.

[0021] In some implementations, the first characteristics includes one or more of content of the first speech, time of the first speech, location of the first speech, distance from the electronic device to a source of the first speech, identity of a user providing the first speech, or audio characteristics of the first speech.

[0022] In some implementations, the first speech is provided to the cloud server, wherein the computer program instructions cause the one or more computing devices to: detect second speech within the environment; determine second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being different; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics of the second speech, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different; and provide the second speech to the local resources based on the second privacy expectations.

[0023] In some implementations, the second privacy expectations represent higher privacy expectations than the first privacy expectations based on differences between the first characteristics and the second characteristics.

[0024] In some implementations, the computer program instructions cause the one or more computing devices to: receive first response data corresponding to the first speech from the cloud server; receive second response data corresponding to the second speech from the local resources; and provide a response to the first speech and the second speech based on the first response data received from the cloud server and the second response data received from the local resources. [0025] In some implementations, the local resources include one or both of hardware resources of the electronic device or resources of other devices communicatively coupled with the electronic device on a wireless network.

[0026] In some implementations, the first speech was provided at a first time, wherein the computer program instructions cause the one or more computing devices to: detect second speech within an environment of the electronic device at a second time after the first time; determine second characteristics of the second speech, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being similar; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second speech based on the second characteristics, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different based on a time difference between the first time and the second time; and provide the second speech to one or both of the local resources of the electronic device or the cloud server based on the second privacy expectations.

[0027] Some of the subject matter described herein includes an electronic device, including: one or more processors; and memory storing instructions, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect first noise within an environment of the electronic device; determine first characteristics of the first noise; determining first privacy expectations regarding the first noise based on the first characteristics of the first noise; and providing the first noise to one or both of local resources of the electronic device or a cloud server based on the first privacy expectations.

[0028] In some implementations, the first characteristics includes one or more of content of the first noise, time of the first noise, location of the first noise, distance from the electronic device to a source of the first noise, identity of a user providing the first noise, or audio characteristics of the first noise.

[0029] In some implementations, the first noise is provided to the cloud server, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect second noise within the environment; determine second characteristics of the second noise, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being different; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second noise based on the second characteristics of the second noise, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy expectations being different; and provide the second noise to the local resources based on the second privacy expectations.

[0030] In some implementations, the second privacy expectations represent higher privacy expectations than the first privacy expectations based on differences between the first characteristics and the second characteristics.

[0031] In some implementations, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: receive first response data corresponding to the first noise from the cloud server;

receive second response data corresponding to the second noise from the local resources; and provide a response to the first noise and the second noise based on the first response data received from the cloud server and the second response data received from the local resources.

[0032] In some implementations, the local resources include one or both of hardware resources of the electronic device or resources of other devices communicatively coupled with the electronic device on a wireless network.

[0033] In some implementations, the first noise was provided at a first time, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions such that the one or more processors and memory are configured to: detect second noise within an

environment of the electronic device at a second time after the first time; determine second characteristics of the second noise, the first characteristics and the second characteristics being similar; determine second privacy expectations regarding the second noise based on the second characteristics, the first privacy expectations and the second privacy

expectations being different based on a time difference between the first time and the second time; and provide the second noise to one or both of the local resources of the electronic device or the cloud server based on the second privacy expectations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0034] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an assistant device responding to voice input. [0035] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate an example of a block diagram for an assistant device responding to voice input.

[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an assistant device using local resources and cloud resources to respond to voice input.

[0037] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a block diagram for using local resources and cloud resources to respond to voice input.

[0038] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a block diagram of determining privacy expectations.

[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of an assistant device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] This disclosure describes devices and techniques for managing privacy in an environment with connected devices. In one example, a home assistant device can listen to speech asking a question in its vicinity using a microphone array and provide an audible answer to the question using a speaker. Some speech can include a hardware activation phrase in which the home assistant device can record and provide the rest of the speech subsequent to the hardware activation phrase to a server in the cloud via the Internet. The server in the cloud can then provide the answer by providing results data. A second hardware activation phrase can result in keeping the speech within the local resources of the home's connected environment, for example, the home assistant device itself can try to answer the question. For example, if the speech is "Cloud, what is today's date?" then "cloud" can be a hardware activation phrase indicating that "what is today's date?" can be provided to a cloud server. By contrast, if the speech is "Local, what is today's date?" then "local" can be a hardware activation phrase indicating that "what is today's date?" should be kept within the local resources of the home's connected environment. In this way, some speech can be kept locally within the home's connected environment rather than transmitted to a server in the cloud. This can allow some users to try to get answers to their questions that might include content that they might not want to leave their home environment due to privacy concerns. [0041] In another example, some speech can include a portion that can be answered by the local resources of the home's connected environment and another portion that can be answered by the cloud resources. The answers from the local resources and the cloud resources can then be analyzed and/or combined to provide an answer. As a result, speech can be provided to one or both of the cloud server and local resources without the use of a hardware activation phrase.

[0042] In another example, the home assistant device can determine who is speaking to it (e.g., based on voice recognition, video recognition using a camera, etc.) and then determine the speaker's privacy expectations and then use the local resources, cloud resources, or both to provide an answer based on the determined privacy expectations. The context, content, timing, or other characteristics of the speech can be used to determine whether speech should be provided to the local resources, cloud resources, or both.

[0043] In more detail, FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an assistant device responding to voice input. In FIG. 1 , home assistant device 105 can include an intelligent home assistant enabled by a microphone (or microphone array) to hear speech 1 10 and provide a response to speech 1 10 using one or more speakers. For example, speech 1 10 can include a question and the response provided by home assistant device 105 can be an answer to that question provided in a voice output using the speakers. Accordingly, the experience using home assistant device 105 can be based on audio such as voice. However, in other implementations, the responses provided by home assistant device 105 can also be provided on a display screen, or a combination of both audio and the display screen. For example, answers to spoken questions can be textually or graphically displayed on the display screen of home assistant device 105.

[0044] In FIG. 1 , based on whether the hardware activation phrase is local hardware activation phrase 125 or cloud hardware activation phrase 130, speech 120 is provided to either cloud server 1 15 or kept within local resources 140, for example, home assistant device 105 itself (e.g., its own hardware and software capabilities) or other devices within the home's wireless network (e.g., a tablet, laptop, etc. that home assistant device 105 is at least communicatively coupled with). Local hardware activation phrase 125 and cloud hardware activation phrase 130 can be different words or phrases of speech. For example, if cloud hardware activation phrase 130 is spoken and then speech 120 is subsequently spoken, then home assistant device 105 can determine that cloud hardware activation phrase 130 was spoken and then record speech 120 and provide speech 120 to cloud server 1 15. Speech 120 can include a question or other type of content in which a response from home assistant device 105 is expected or would be useful. Cloud server 1 15 can analyze speech 120 (e.g., either translated into text by home assistant device 105, or audio data including the speech) and provide results 135b to home assistant device 105 providing the response. Results 135b can be data such as text that home assistant device 105 can convert into speech played on its speakers, or results 135b can be the audio that should be played on the speakers. As such, speech 120 can be transmitted outside of the home's wireless network to cloud server 1 15 via the Internet.

[0045] By contrast, if local hardware activation phrase 125 is spoken, then speech 120 can be kept within local resources 140, which can be home assistant device 105 itself, other devices within the home's wireless network (e.g., a personal computer, laptop, tablet, smartphone, smartwatch, etc.), or a combination of home assistant device 105 and the other devices. For example, in FIG. 1 , speech 120 can be provided to local resources 140 and results 135a can be provided via the speaker in a similar manner as described above with respect to results 135b.

[0046] Some users might want to keep speech 120 within local resources 140 rather than cloud server 1 15 because they might not want sensitive content to be transmitted over the Internet to cloud server 1 15 outside of the home environment. As a result, by having two different hardware activation phrases, a user can still use home assistant device 105 without fear of their privacy being violated. This can also allow for users to be more comfortable using home assistant device 105 because the user has more control over the privacy of their speech.

[0047] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate an example of a block diagram for an assistant device responding to voice input. In FIG. 2A, at block 205, a home device can receive speech. For example, in FIG. 1 , home assistant device 105 can pick up speech 1 10 via its microphone. In some implementations, the speech can be recorded (e.g., saved in memory) for analysis by a processor of home assistant device 105. At block 210, the home device can determine which type of resource to use based on the hardware activation phrase of speech 1 10. For example, in FIG. 1 , the hardware activation phrase can be local hardware activation phrase 125 representing an intent for the subsequent speech 120 to be contained within local resources 140 or cloud hardware activation phrase 130 representing an acceptability for the subsequent speech 120 to be provided to cloud server 1 15. In block 215, the speech can then be provided to the resource corresponding to the activation phrase.

[0048] If cloud hardware activation phrase 130 is spoken, then at block 220, the speech can be received by cloud server 1 15 and results based on that speech can be determined at block 225. For example, if speech 120 included a question, then results 135b including an answer to the question can be generated and provided to home assistant device 105 at block 230.

[0049] If local hardware activation phrase 125 is spoken, then at block 235 in FIG. 2B, the speech can be provided to local resources 140. Local resources 140 can receive speech 120 at block 240, determine results based on the speech similar to block 225, and then provide the results at block 245.

[0050] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can include an alert indicating that speech 120 in FIG. 1 is about to be transmitted outside of the home environment to cloud server 1 15. For example, a light source such as a light emitting diode (LED) of home assistant device 105 can be turned on to indicate that speech 120 is about to be transmitted to cloud server 1 15. The user can then interact with home assistant device 105, for example, by pressing a button or using voice interaction to indicate that speech 120 should not be transmitted to cloud server 120. In some implementations, speech 120 can then be attempted to be answered within local resources 140. In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can also indicate that speech 120 will be kept within local resources 140 in a similar manner.

[0051] Home assistant device 105 can also be instructed to send speech to cloud server 120 or local resources 140 based on other types of user interactions other than providing a hardware activation phrase. For example, the user can select or touch a button or touchscreen of home assistant device 105 to indicate that speech should be kept within local resources 140. As another example, the user can select an application, or "app," on a smartphone, press a button on a remote control, press a button on a smartwatch, etc. to indicate that speech should be kept within local resources 140.

[0052] In some implementations, local hardware activation phrase 125 and cloud hardware activation phrase 130 can be set by the user. For example, local hardware activation phrase 125 can be a phrase including multiple words, a single word, a sound (e.g., whistling), etc. assigned by a user. The user assign another phrase, word, sound, etc. to cloud hardware activation phrase 130 such that they can be differentiated from each other.

[0053] Portions of speech can be provided to both cloud resources and local resources. FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an assistant device using local resources and cloud resources to respond to voice input. In FIG. 3, speech 120 can be provided to home assistant device 105 and it can determine that speech 120 includes portion 305 that should be provided to local resources 140 and portion 310 that should be provided to cloud server 1 15. That is, speech 120 can include one portion for local resources and another portion for cloud resources even without the use of a hardware activation phrase. Home assistant device 105 can separate the two portions (e.g., based on characteristics of the portions, as discussed later herein) and provide them to the respective resources (i.e., either local resources 140 or cloud server 1 15). This results in results 315a and 315b provided to home assistant device 105. Home assistant device 105 can use both results 315a and 315b to provide an answer to speech 120. For example, both can be combined to provide an answer. That is, results from both local resources 140 and cloud server 1 15 can be used to provide a response to a user's speech. In some implementations, if there is some inconsistency with the answers provided by results 315a and 315b, then one of local resources 140 or cloud server 1 15 can be prioritized and the results of that one can be used for the answer or the corresponding portion of the answer.

[0054] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a block diagram for using local resources and cloud resources to respond to voice input. In FIG. 4, at block 405, speech can be received. For example, in FIG. 3, speech 120 having local portion 305 and cloud portion 310 can be received. At block 410, it can be determined that the speech includes a first portion to be provided to cloud resources and a second portion to be provided to local resources. For example, in FIG. 3, cloud portion 310 should be provided to cloud server 1 15 and local portion 305 should be provided to local resources 140. In some implementations, the different portions of the speech can be determined based on characteristics of one or more of the portions of the speech (e.g., content, time, location, person or identity of person providing the speech, etc.). For example, if a certain word has been detected, then a portion of the speech within a time period before and after that word was spoken can be identified as one of the portions (e.g., local portion 305) and the rest of the speech can be identified as the other portion (e.g., cloud portion 310). In one example, some words can be identified as being related to sensitive speech that a user might not want to be sent to cloud server 1 15, and therefore, if the certain word is identified as a sensitive word then local portion 305 can be identified. Thus, home assistant device 105 can include a dictionary (e.g., data in memory) of sensitive words that can be identified. At block 415, the different portions can be provided to the resources. For example, new speech data for the portions can be generated and provided to cloud server 1 15 and local resources 140 at blocks 420 and 435, respectively. At blocks 425 and 440, results based on the portions can be determined by the resources. The results can then be provided to the home assistant device at blocks 430 and 445. Home assistant device 105 can then use both results received from the cloud resources and local resources to provide a response. For example, both can be combined to provide an answer to a question that was asked. That is, results from both local resources 140 and cloud server 1 15 can be used to provide a response to a user's speech.

[0055] Regarding characteristics of the speech, home assistant device 105 can determine portions of speech 120 that are relatively sensitive and classify those portions as local portion 205 and provided to local resources 140. Portions that are not sensitive can be classified as cloud portion 210 and provided to cloud server 1 15. For example, home assistant device 105 can develop an understanding of a user's privacy expectations and classify speech as local portion 205 based on the user's privacy expectations. Thus, characteristics of the speech can result in different privacy expectations and those privacy expectations can be used to determine whether speech should be provided to cloud server 1 15 or local resources 140.

[0056] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can determine who is speaking. For example, home assistant device 105 can use voice recognition to determine a particular user. In another example, home assistant device 105 can include a camera to visually determine who is speaking, or home assistant device 105 can access a camera connected with the home's wireless network or a personal area network (PAN) set up by either the camera or home assistant device 105. Based on the user interacting with home assistant device 105, different privacy expectations can be determined. As a result, different users can say the same speech 120, but different local portion 305 and cloud portion 310 may be identified based the privacy expectations of the user.

[0057] In some implementations, other characteristics of speech 120 can be used to determine the privacy expectations, and therefore, whether local resources 140 or cloud server 1 15 is to be used for speech 120 or a portion of speech 120. For example, the context (e.g., multiple people talking, whether the user appears to be incapacitated in some manner such as intoxicated, etc.) of speech 120 can be used. In another example the content of speech 120 can be used, as previously discussed. For example, if the user is identified as speaking often regarding privacy concerns, discussing topics related to privacy, etc. then the privacy expectations of that user can be increased. In another example, the time when speech 120 was received by home assistant device 105 can be used. In one example, if speech 120 was received late at night or early in the morning, then this can indicate a higher privacy expectation.

[0058] In another example, if a user's speech is quiet (e.g., the volume of the speech is determined to be within a threshold volume range or beneath a threshold volume value), then this can mean that the user expects more privacy, and therefore, the privacy expectations for that speech can be stricter, increasing the likelihood of the speech or portions of the speech being provided to local resources 140 rather than cloud server 1 15. If the volume of the user's speech is loud, then this can indicate that it is not a sensitive topic, and therefore, the speech can be provided to cloud server 1 15. Thus, audio characteristics of the speech can be used. In other examples, stuttering, mumbling, etc. can also be used to determine the privacy expectations. For example, if a user is stuttering, the he or she may be nervous (e.g., due to the content of the speech) and, therefore, might not want the speech to be provided to cloud server 1 15.

[0059] Other characteristics of the speech of the users can be determined to adjust the privacy expectations. For example, the distance of the user from home assistant device 105 can be used to determine the user's privacy expectations. If the user is close to home assistant device 105 (e.g., determined to be within a threshold distance range of home assistant device 105 using cameras or audio recognition), then this can indicate that the user has higher privacy expectations, and therefore, the speech or portions of the speech should be provided to local resources 140 rather than cloud server 1 15. If the user is farther away, then this might indicate that the user has lower privacy expectations.

[0060] In some implementations, the location of the speech can influence whether the speech is kept within local resources 140, cloud server 1 15, or both. For example, if speech is from participants in a bedroom, then it might be kept within local resources 140 due to that speech being from a more sensitive location where many people have a higher expectation of privacy. By contrast, if speech is from participants in a living room, then it can be provided to cloud server 1 15. Accordingly, home assistant device 105 can determine the location of speech and then determine whether that speech should be kept within local resources 140, cloud server 1 15, or both based on the location within the home environment.

[0061] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can determine that a user's privacy expectations have changed. For example, home assistant device 105 can store the user's birthdays or ages, and as the user ages, the privacy expectations can become stricter (i.e., more speech is to be restricted to local resources 140 rather than allowed to be transmitted to cloud server 1 15). In another example, as the user ages, the privacy expectations can be more lenient (i.e., more speech is to be allowed to be transmitted to cloud server 1 15).

[0062] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a block diagram of determining privacy expectations. In FIG. 5, at block 505, characteristics of the speech can be determined. For example, as previously discussed, the context of the speech, the volume of the speech, etc. can be used to determine various characteristics. At block 510, privacy expectations can be determined based on those characteristics. For example, if a user is speaking quietly, then higher privacy expectations can be determined than if the user is speaking loudly. At block 515, the speech can be provided to cloud resources or local resources based on the privacy expectations. For example, higher privacy expectations can result in speech being provided to local resources rather than cloud resources.

[0063] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can be set with user preferences as to what should be provided to local resources 140 and cloud server 1 15. In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can learn the user's privacy expectations over time.

[0064] Many of the aforementioned examples discuss speech including a question. However, in other examples, the speech can include commands. For example, home assistant device 105 can be commanded to perform an activity, such as turn on lights, open windows, turn on a security system, etc. in a smart home environment. In some implementations, speech including commands can be provided to cloud server 1 15 and it can perform speech-to-text translation. It can then provide results to home assistant device 105 with what it's supposed to do. That is, it can be provided data indicating how it should be responding to the commands, for example, turn on lights. Home assistant device 105 can then act on those commands. This can allow for cloud server 1 15 to perform the processing to determine the content of speech, but home assistant device 105 to actually perform the commands rather than cloud server 1 15.

[0065] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can process a subset of possible speech on-device, but speech outside of its capabilities can be provided to cloud server 1 15. For example, home assistant device 105 might be able to recognize speech for a small dictionary (e.g., four hundred words) so that it can perform common commands, such as turning on lights, adjusting a thermostat, etc. This can allow home assistant device 105 to control various devices in the home without transmitting data to cloud server 1 15, and therefore, it can still control devices even if the Internet connection to cloud server 1 15 goes down. However, more complex speech including commands can be determined to include content outside of the dictionary, and therefore, can be provided to cloud server 1 15 for processing.

[0066] Home assistant device 105 can also provide a response based on whether results are received from cloud resources, local resources, or both. For example, home assistant device 105 can play back audio response to speech 120 at different volumes based on where the response or a portion of the response was received from. If results 315a in FIG. 3 is received (i.e., some speech was provided to local resources), then the volume of playback of the response to speech 120 can be lower than if only results 315b (i.e., speech was provided to cloud server 1 15) were received. In some implementations, the response to speech 120 can be displayed on the display screen of home assistant device 105 if speech was provided to local resources. In another example, if the results are only from cloud server 1 15, then the response can be played back on the speaker of home assistant device 105.

[0067] In some implementations, privacy expectations can be determined using many of the aforementioned examples. An increase in privacy expectations can result in home assistant device 105 encrypting data provided to cloud server 1 15 more, for example, using different encryption algorithms that might take longer to encrypt and for cloud server 1 15 to decrypt. However, some users might find a delay acceptable if their privacy is ensured. Thus, a hierarchy of encryptions levels can provide different levels, strengths, or types of encryption based on the determined privacy expectations.

[0068] In some implementations, home assistant device 105 can include an intercom feature and a home environment can include multiple home assistant devices. The different home assistant devices can communicate with each other and other devices (e.g., speakers) using technology such as Bluetooth, local WLAN, etc. This can allow users to communicate securely within a home without having communications routed through cellular communications.

[0069] In some implementations, whether speech is provided to cloud resources or local resources can also be based on the context of an activity. For example, the activity can be understood through the context of what is being communicated. In other implementations, the context can include the time of day, past behaviors, or other variables.

[0070] Many of the aforementioned examples discuss a home environment. In other examples, the devices and techniques discussed herein can also be set up in an office, public facility, outdoors, etc.

[0071] Many of the aforementioned examples discuss speech. In other examples, noise within the environment can be used with the devices and techniques disclosed herein. For example, music, television sounds, etc. can be used. In another example, environmental sounds such as glass breaking, objects shattering, etc. can be determined and provided to one or both of the local resources or cloud server based on the techniques disclosed herein.

[0072] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of an assistant device. In FIG. 6, home assistant device 105 can be an electronic device with one or more processors 605 (e.g., circuits) and memory 610 for storing instructions that can be executed by processors 605 to implement privacy control 630 providing the techniques described herein. Home assistant device 105 can also include microphone 620 (e.g., one or more microphones that can implement a microphone array) to convert sounds into electrical signals, and therefore, speech into data that can be processed using processors 605 and stored in memory 610. Speaker 615 can be used to provide audio output. Additionally, display 625 can display a graphical user interface (GUI) implemented by processors 605 and memory 610 to provide visual feedback. Memory 610 can be a non-transitory computer-readable storage media. Home assistant device 105 can also include various other hardware, such as cameras, antennas, etc. to implement the techniques disclosed herein. Thus, the examples described herein can be implemented with programmable circuitry (e.g., one or more microprocessors) programmed with software and/or firmware, or entirely in special- purpose hardwired (non-programmable) circuitry, or in a combination of such forms. Special-purpose hardwired circuitry may be in the form of, for example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), structured ASICs, etc. [0073] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the logic and process steps illustrated in the various flow diagrams discussed herein may be altered in a variety of ways. For example, the order of the logic may be rearranged, sub-steps may be performed in parallel, illustrated logic may be omitted, other logic may be included, etc. One will recognize that certain steps may be consolidated into a single step and that actions represented by a single step may be alternatively represented as a collection of substeps. The figures are designed to make the disclosed concepts more comprehensible to a human reader. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that actual data structures used to store this information may differ from the figures and/or tables shown, in that they, for example, may be organized in a different manner; may contain more or less information than shown; may be compressed, scrambled and/or encrypted; etc.

[0074] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications can be made without deviating from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims.