| US3149188A | 1964-09-15 |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 06 3 June 2003 (2003-06-03)
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 11 30 September 1998 (1998-09-30)
| 1. | Transparent soap made from olive oil and essentialoil admixtures, made of raw materials and additives of vegetable origin only, produced in seven stages, wherein, relative to the finally produced soap weight, it consists of: Basic component 27 29 % Additional component 8 9 % Additives and essential oils: glycerine (humectant) 27 28 % sugar 1617% water 3 4 % plantacare 4 5 % propylene glycol (humectant). |
| 2. | ethanol 1213% essential oil 1 2 % 2 Soap as claimed in Claim 1., wherein the basic component, relative to the finally produced soap weight, consists of: olive oil 50 52 % palm oil 1516% coconut oil 1213% sodium hydroxide 11 13 % water 1214% . |
| 3. | Soap as claimed in Claim 1., wherein the additional component, relative to the finally produced soap weight, consists of: wax 76 77 % sodium hydroxide 11 12 % water 1314% . |
| 4. | Procedure of making of transparent soap from olive oil and essentialoil admixtures, as claimed in claims 1., 2. and 3., wh e re in the stage I makes preparation of the basic component by the following operations: preparation of water solution of sodium hydroxide preparation of oil mixtures (olive, palm and coconut oils) mixing of the sodium hydroxide solution and the oil mixture . |
| 5. | Procedure claimed in claims 1. and 3., wh e re in the stage Il makes preparation of the additional component by the following operations: preparation of the water solution of sodium hydroxide melting of wax adding of the sodium hydroxide solution into the melted wax homogenisation and neutralisation of the mass . |
| 6. | Procedure claimed in claims 1. and 4., wh e re i n the stage III makes preparation of the additives by the following operations: mixing of the additives with heating up to 800C (only 15% of the total sugar quantity) . |
| 7. | Procedure claimed in claims 1. to 8., wh e re i n the stage IV makes production of the transparent soap by the following operations: fragmentation of the basic component fragmentation of the additional component heating and melting of the basic and the additional components at 80°C adding of the additional component adding of the remaining melted sugar from the stage III, of 9O0C, (85% of the total quantity) adding of ethanol to dilute the mixture (20% of the total quantity). |
| 8. | Procedure claimed in claims 1. to 9., wh e re i n the stage V makes production of transparent soap by the following operations: adding of the remaining ethanol (70% of the total quantity) to the transparent soap mixture (at 7O0C) with intensive stirring. |
| 9. | Procedure claimed in previous claims, wh e re i n the stage Vl makes adding of essential oils to the transparent soap mixture with intensive stirring, in the desired quantities. |
| 10. | Procedure claimed in previous claims, wh e re i n the stage VII makes cooling of the transparent soap mixture by the following operations: pouring of the mixture, at room temperature, into mould removing of the remaining foam (by spraying the remaining ethanol) keeping the moulds in freezer for 1.5 hours and cutting of the cold soap. |
INVENTION DESCRIPTION
1. FIELD OF APPLICATION
The invention relates to the procedure of making of transparent soap from olive oil and essential-oil admixtures.
In the International Patent Classification, it is classified as C - Chemistry. C 11 - Animal or vegetable oils, fats, fatty substances or waxes; fatty acids therefrom; detergents; candles. C 11 D - Soap or soap-making. 13/00 - Making of soap or soap solutions in general. 13/02 - Boiling soap. 13/08 - Colouring or perfuming. 13/22 - Cutting.
2. TECHNICAL PROBLEM
The technical problem that is solved by this invention relates to the procedure of making of completely transparent soap, as a cosmetic product, intended for body and face care, made of vegetable raw materials and admixtures. The basic ingredient of the soap is pure virgin olive oil, added essential oils of various aromas, medicinal for the skin and appropriate for aroma therapies.
3. STATE OF THE ART
The basic raw material in production of soap is sodium hydroxide (sodium alkali, caustic soda) and various fats. Sodium hydroxide is white and hygroscopic crystal, easily dissolved in water, in which process it produces heat (exothermic reaction). It is commercially available as sticks, grains, scales and plates.
Over the centuries, soap changed its initial shape. Unlike the first large and irregular pieces cut from a large solid mass, the today soap is made in nicely designed spherical, elliptic or perpendicular forms. With the time, soap has been added various substances giving it soap aromas and forms. Presently, soap is increasingly used for face and body care and decreasingly for laundry.
4. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The essence of the invention is the procedure for making of transparent soap from olive oil and essential-oil admixtures. Transparent soap is produced by mixing sodium hydroxide solution with a mixture of oil, palm and coconut oils, and a mixture of sodium hydroxide and wax, with essential oils and other additives added. All the raw materials and additives are of vegetable origin only. The procedure is implemented in the following stages: preparation of the basic raw material, preparation of the additional component, preparation of the additive component, making of the transparent soap, producing the transparent soap, adding of essential oils and cooling of the transparent soap.
5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE BEST WAYS OF INVENTION IMPLEMENTATION
Making of transparent soap made from olive oil with essential oils added requires preparation of the basic component, the additive component and the essential oils.
All raws and additives are made from vegetable components only.
The procedure consists of the following stages:
Stage I - preparation of the basic component, consisting of sodium hydroxide and water mixed with a mixture of oil, palm and coconut oils;
Stage Il - preparation of the additional component, made of sodium hydroxide and water mixed with wax;
Stage III - preparation of additives, consisting of glycerol, powdered sugar, plantacare and propylene glycol;
Stage IV - making of the transparent soap by mixing the basic component, the additional component and the additives, with some ethanol added; Stage V - adding a larger part of ethanol to the transparent soap; Stage Vl - adding of essential oils to the transparent soap mixture; and Stage VII - cooling the transparent soap mixture.
The shares of the basic and the additional components and the essential oils in the produced transparent soap are as follows:
- Basic component 27 - 29 %
- Additional component 8 - 9 %
- Additives and essential oils 65 - 72 % the percentages being the weight percentages of the produced soap.
The quantity above 100% is the possible loss resulting from evaporation of liquid components.
The following is the detailed contents of the basic component, the additional component, additives and essential oils in the transparent soap.
The basic component is made from:
- olive oil 50 - 52 % - palm oil 15 - 16 % - coconut oil 12 - 13 %
- sodium hydroxide 11 - 13 % - water 12 - 14 % the percentages being the mass percentages of the basic component.
The additional component is made from:
- wax 76 - 77 %
- sodium hydroxide 11 - 12 % - water 13 - 14 % the percentages being the mass percentages of the additional component.
The soap additives contain:
- glycerine (humectant) 27 - 28 % - sugar 16 - 17 %
- water 3 - 4 %
- plantacare 4 - 5 %
- propylene glycol (humectant) 2 - 3 % - ethanol 12 - 13 %
- essential oil 1 - 2 % the percentages being the weight percentages of the produced soap.
Follows a detailed description of particular technological stages of making of the transparent soap from olive oil and essential-oil admixtures.
Stage I - Preparation of the basic component
The basic component is made from: sodium hydroxide grains and water and olive, palm and coconut oils.
The preparation takes 90 minutes.
The basic component is made in three operations:
- preparation of water solution of sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide in grains is added to water, with constant stirring, which produces an exothermic reaction, temperature rising up to 95°C. The mixture is stirred until completely clear.
- preparation of oil mixtures
The olive, palm and coconut oils mixture is heated up to 60-70 0 C.
- mixing of the sodium hydroxide solution and the oil mixture
The heated oil mixture is gradually added, without stirring, half of quantity of the cooled clear solution of sodium hydroxide (about 65°C), the other half to be added with constant stirring, until the exothermic reaction and the saponification are started, these lasting very shortly (about three minutes), where the mixture changes the colour and thickens, its temperature rising to 85°C. Stirring of the
mixture is continued, where the temperature, resulting from the saponification reaction, starts slowly to decrease. Additional external heating results in further saponification and temperature rises to 95°C, the mass becomes sticky and is hard to remove from the vessel. The mass consistency starts increasing, and further heating and stirring prevents creation of bubbles and increase of the mass volume. The mass hardens, cooler at the surface (about 92 0 C) and warmer inside (about 11O 0 C). Preparation of the basic component is completed in 75 minutes. The mass is sticky no longer, and is easily removed from the vessel. Paler parts of the mixture are colder (about 9O 0 C) and the darker ones warmer (about 125°C). If the produced basic component is wet at cut, it is to be left to dry for 2-3 days. The basic component produced as above can be immediately used for preparation of transparent or nontransparent soap, with adding of essential oils (the final product). The component is to be cooled down before any further manipulation.
Stage Il - Preparation of the additional component
The basic component is made from: sodium hydroxide grains and water and water and wax grains.
Preparation of the additional component takes 60 minutes.
The basic component is made in three operations:
- preparation of the water solution of sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide in grains is added into water, with constant stirring, which produces an exothermic reaction where the temperature rises up to 95 0 C. The mixture is stirred until completely clear.
- melting of wax
Wax is melted at 65°C.
- adding of the sodium hydroxide solution into the melted wax
The sodium hydroxide solution is added to the melted wax with stirring, to produce a mixture that clots and foams with water evaporation.
- homogenisation and neutralisation of the mass
To have the mass homogenised well, it is stirred intensively with heating for at least 30 minutes, in order to remove as much as possible of water from the mixture.
After cooling down, the prepared additional component (sodium stearate) becomes very hard and is to be fragmented into small particles before solving in the stage
IV.
Stage III - Preparation of additives
The basic component is made from: glycerol, powdered sugar, plantacare and propylene glycol.
The additives are prepared in one operation.
- mixing of the additives
The mixture of glycerol, powdered sugar (15% of its total quantity), plantacare and propylene glycol is heated up to 80 0 C. The remaining sugar is dissolved in boiling water.
Glycerol is used as a skin moisturising agent.
Powdered sugar enables soap transparency.
Plantacare regulates foaming.
Propylene glycol moisturises skin.
The preparation takes 30 minutes.
Stage IV - Making of transparent soap
Consists of mixing of the basic and the additional components and the additives.
It takes 70 minutes.
Transparent soap is made in six operations:
- fragmentation of the basic component
- fragmentation of the additional component
- heating and melting of the basic and the additional components, with intensive stirring, at 80 0 C
- adding of the additives with intensive stirring
- adding of the remaining melted sugar (85%), at 90°C, with homogenisation of the mass with mixer. After 40 minutes, the mass becomes thick and homogenous.
- adding, very careful, of 20% of the total quantity of ethanol to dilute the mixture. The surface is additionally treated with ethanol sprinkler. The content is further heated up to 80 0 C, during which time water and ethanol bubbles appear from the mixture and evaporate. After 70 minutes, heating is terminated and the mixture is left to cool down.
Stage V - Producing of transparent soap
The transparent soap is produced from the mixture produced in the stage four.
This takes 20 minutes.
Production of the transparent soap is made in one operation.
- adding of the remaining ethanol. When the temperature of the mixture produced in stage IV is decreased to 70 0 C, the remaining ethanol (70% of its total quantity) is carefully added and stirred intensively, the mixture further clearing.
After 20 minutes, the mixture is completely clear and the liquid transparent soap is produced.
Stage Vl - Adding of essential oils
Essential oils are added in one operation.
- adding of essential oils
As soon as water steam bubbles stop appearing from the mixture produced in the stage V, essential oil of the selected aroma is added and the mixture is stirred well. Only essential oils produced from natural vegetable components are used.
Stage VII - Cooling of transparent soap
The soap mixture cooling stage is performed in four operations.
- pouring of the mixture into mould
- removing of the remaining foam
- placing of moulds into freezer
- cutting of the cold soap
The heated transparent-soap mixture produced in the stage Vl is carefully poured into mould. If required, foam from the surface is removed with the remaining ethanol and the sprinkler. The mould is placed into freezer for 1.5 hours.
In the freezer, the soap hardens, becomes consistent and even more transparent.
After cooling, the transparent soap is removed from the mould and cut into desired shapes.
The cut soap bars are impressed the producer's dry seal at one side and wrapped into transparent foil.
The prepared soap is, along its longitudinal sides, wrapped with a coloured label containing the identification data.
6. INVENTION APPLICATION
The transparent soap made from olive oil and essential-oil admixtures is widely used as a natural cosmetic and hygienic product:
- for body and face skin care, acting medicinally due to the vegetable component contents,
- for aroma therapies, due to the essential oil content,
- as gift on various occasions, for its fine aroma and appearance, and
- as a souvenir, with information on the geographic origin of its vegetable components.
The transparent soap bars are produced manually, from raw materials and additives of natural origin only. Therefore, they present unique products.
Next Patent: DIARYL ACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND THE PREPARATION THEREOF