MARSAN BENOIT (CA)
HAMMAMI AMER (CA)
MARSAN BENOIT (CA)
| WO2002053494A1 | 2002-07-11 |
| CA2322099A1 | 2001-07-31 | |||
| US5652072A | 1997-07-29 | |||
| US20040106047A1 | 2004-06-03 |
XU K. ET AL.: "Effect of N-substituents on protonation chemistry of trichlorophosphazenes", INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA, vol. 298, no. 1, 2000, pages 16 - 23, XP003009416
CLAIMS:
1. A process for preparing a compound of formula (I):
wherein each of said Ri is independently F, Cl, Br, or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs,
comprising the step of reacting a compound of formula (II):
O
R 1 S R 1
o (H)
wherein each of said Ri is as previously defined,
with a compound of formula (III):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (I); and each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a CrC 12 alkyl.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said compound of formula (III) is a compound of formula (IV):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (I); and each of said R 4 is independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein each of said R 4 are the same.
4. The process of claim 2, wherein each of said R 4 is methyl.
5. The process of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said compounds of formulas (II) and (III) are reacted together at a temperature of about -78 to about 110 0 C.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein said temperature is about -5 to about 25 0 C.
7. The process of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of said Ri is F.
8. The process of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of said Ri is Cl.
9. The process of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein R 2 is H, Li, Na, or K.
10. A process for preparing a compound of formula (Ia):
O O
R 5 S N S R 5
O R 2 O (Ia) wherein
R 5 is F, Br, Cl or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs,
comprising the steps of : a) reacting SO 2 CI 2 with a compound of formula (III):
R3 v. ^ R3
N
R 2 (III)
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (Ia); and each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 )SSi-, each of said R 4 being independently a C1-C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (Ib);
0 0
Cl S N S Cl
O R 2 O (Ib)
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (Ia); and
b) reacting said compound of formula (Ib) with a compound of formula MR 5 , wherein M is H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl, and R 5 is as previously defined in formula (Ia), so as to obtain said compound of formula (Ia).
11. The process of claim 10, wherein said step (a) is carried out at a temperature of about -78 to about 11O 0 C.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein said temperature is about -5 to about 25 0 C.
13. The process of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein said step (b) is carried out in the presence of an aprotic solvent.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein said aprotic solvent is a polar solvent.
15. The process of claim 13 or 14, wherein said aprotic solvent is nitromethane or acetonitrile.
16. The process of any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein said R 5 is F.
17. The process of any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein said R 2 is H, Li, Na, or K.
18. The process of any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein said compound of formula (III) is a compound of formula (IV):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (Ia); and each of said R 4 is independently a C- I -Ci 2 alkyl.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein each of said R 4 are the same.
20. The process of claim 18, wherein each of said R 4 is methyl.
21. A process for preparing a compound of formula (Ic):
o o
R 1 S N S R 1
0 H ° (Ic) wherein each of said Ri is independently F, or Cl
comprising the steps of: a) reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein each of said R 1 is as previously defined in formula (Ic),
with a compound of formula (III):
^3 v^ ^s R 3
N
R 2 (III)
wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs, or NH 4 ; and each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C-1-C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
O 0
R 1 S N S R 1
O R 2 O (I)
wherein each of said R 1 is as previously defined in formula (Ic); and R2 is as previously defined in formula (III), and
b) treating said compound of formula (I) with a source of proton so as to obtain said compound of formula (Ic).
22. The process of claim 21 , wherein said step (a) is carried out at a temperature of about -78 to about 11O 0 C.
23. The process of claim 22, wherein said temperature is about -5 to about 25 0 C.
24. The process of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein said compound of formula (III) is a compound of formula (IV):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (III); and each of said R 4 is independently a C1-C 1 2 alkyl.
25. The process of claim 24, wherein each of said R 4 are the same.
26. The process of claim 24, wherein each of said R 4 is methyl.
27. The process of any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein each of said Ri is F.
28. The process of any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein each of said Ri is Cl.
29. The process of any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein R 2 is H, Li, Na, or K.
30. The process of any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein said source of proton is an organic acid.
31. The process of claim 30, wherein said organic acid is chosen from formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoromethylsulfonic acid, and HTFSI ((F 3 CSO 2 ) 2 NH).
32. The process of any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein said source of proton is an inorganic acid.
33. The process of claim 32, wherein said inorganic acid is chosen from fluorosulfuric acid, HFSI ((FSO 2 ) 2 NH), sulfuric acid, HPF 6 , HBF 4 , and a super acid.
34. A process for preparing a compound of formula (V):
wherein
R 6 is -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 J 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of said R 4 being independently a Ci-C 12 alkyl; and
R 7 is H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a CrCi 2 alkyl,
comprising the steps of : a) reacting a compound of formula (II): O
R-ι S Ri
O (H)
wherein each of said R 1 is independently F, Cl, Br or I,
with a compound of formula (III):
R 3 \ ^ R 3
R, (III) wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs 1 each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C-ι-C- 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
wherein each of said Ri is as previously defined for formula (II); and R 2 is as previously defined for formula (III);
b) reacting said compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula R6-R7, wherein R 6 and R 7 are as previously defined in formula (V), so as to obtain said compound of formula (V).
35. The process of claim 34, wherein R 7 is Li, Na, or K.
36. A process for preparing a compound of formula (VI):
0 0
R 6 s N s R 6
0 Ro (VI)
wherein
R 6 is -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 J 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of said R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs; comprising the steps of : a) reacting a compound of formula (II): o
R 1 S Ri
O (II)
wherein each of said Ri is independently F, I, Br or Cl,
with a compound of formula (III):
wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs; and each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
0 0
R 1 S N —
O R 2 O (I)
wherein each of said R 1 is as previously defined for formula (II); and R 2 is as previously defined for formula (III);
b) reacting said compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula R 6 -R 7 , wherein Re is as previously defined in formula (V), and R 7 is of formula (R 4 ) S Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C 1 - Ci 2 alkyl, so as to obtain said compound of formula (VI).
37. The process of any one of claims 34 to 36, wherein said step (a) is carried out at a temperature of about -78 to about 11O 0 C.
38. The process of claim 37, wherein said temperature is about -5 to about 25 0 C.
39. The process of any one of claims 34 to 38, wherein said step (b) is carried out in the presence of an aprotic solvent.
40. The process of claim 39, wherein said aprotic solvent is a polar solvent.
41. The process of claim 39 or 40, wherein said aprotic solvent is nitromethane or acetonitrile.
42. The process of any one of claims 34 to 41 , wherein said Re is -CN or F.
43. The process of any one of claims 34 to 42, wherein said R 2 is H, Li, Na, or K.
44. The process of any one of claims 34 to 43, wherein said compound of formula (III) is a compound of formula (IV):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (III); and each of said R 4 is independently a C 1 -Ci 2 alkyl.
45. The process of claim 44, wherein each of said R 4 are the same.
46. The process of claim 45, wherein each of said R 4 is methyl.
47. The process of any one of claims 34 to 46, wherein Ri is Cl or F.
48. The process of any one of claims 34 to 46, wherein Ri is Cl.
49. Use of a process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 48, for preparing an electrolyte.
50. Use of a process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9 for preparing an intermediate of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide or a salt thereof.
51. Use of a process of any one of claims 1 to 48 for preparing a component of a lithium battery or a solar cell.
52. Use of SO 2 Cb as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Ib) :
O O
Cl S N S Cl
O R 2 O (Ib)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
53. The use of claim 52, wherein SO 2 CI 2 is reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
54. Use of SO 2 F 2 as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Id) :
O o
F S N S F
O R 2 O (Id)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
55. The use of claim 54, wherein SO 2 F 2 is reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
56. Use of FSO 2 CI as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Ib), (Id) or (Ie) :
O O O O O O
Cl S N S Cl F S N S F CI—
O R 2 O O R 2 O O R 2 O
(Ib) (Id) (Ie)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
57. The process of claim 56, wherein FSO 2 CI is reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
58. Use of FSO 2 Br as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Id), (If) or (Ig) :
o o o
— F Br- -Br Br —
O R 2 O O R 2 O O R 2 O
(Id) (If) (Ig)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
59. The process of claim 58, wherein FSO 2 Br is reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
60. The use of any one of claims 53, 55, 57 and 59, wherein said silylamide base is a bis(trialkylsilyl)amide base.
61. The use of any one of claims 53, 55, 57, 59 and 60, wherein said silylamide base is a compound of formula (IV):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (Ib); and each of said R 4 is independently a C- 1 -C 12 alkyl.
62. The use of claim 61 , wherein each of said R 4 are the same.
63. The use of claim 61 , wherein each of said R 4 is methyl.
64. A process for preparing a compound of formula (Ia):
wherein
R 5 is F, Br, Cl or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs
said process comprising : a) reacting a compound of formula (II): O
R 1 S Ri
O (H)
wherein each of said Ri is independently F, Cl, Br, or I, with a compound of formula (III):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (Ia); and each of said R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I)
wherein each of said Ri is as previously defined; and R 2 is as previously defined,
b) reacting said compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula MR 5 , wherein M is H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or is of formula (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl and R 5 is as previously defined in formula (Ia), so as to obtain said compound of formula (Ia).
65. A compound of formula (V) or (VI):
O O O O
R 6 S N S R 6 R 6 S N S R 6
O R 7 O O R 2 O
(V) (VI)
wherein
R 2 Js H, Li, Na, K, or Cs; each of said R 6 is independently -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 ) 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl; and
R 7 is H, Li, Na, K, , Cs or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-C-| 2 alkyl. |
PROCESS FOR PREPARING SULFONYLIMIDES AND DERIVATIVES
THEREOF
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of sulfonylimides and derivatives thereof. In particular, it relates to a process for preparing such compounds, which are useful in numerous fields such as electrochemistry.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Salts of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide have been used in the field of electrochemistry. More particularly, its lithium salt has been proposed for replacing LiPF 6 in lithium batteries. Various processes have been suggested so far for preparing bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, salts thereof or intermediates thereof but these proposed processes include several drawbacks.
Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ((FSO 2 ) 2 NH)) can be prepared by reaction of fluorosulfonic acid (FSO 3 H) with urea (H 2 NC(O)NH 2 ). The imide is subsequently isolated by treatment of the reaction mixture with NaCI in dichloromethane, followed by distillation of the pure acid (Appel et al. Chem. Ber., 95, 246-8, 1962). However, the toxicity and the corrosive nature of FSO 3 H constitute a major disadvantage.
Ruff et al. in Inorg. Synth., 1968, 11 , 138-43 disclose a process comprising the step of reacting together AsF 3 and (CISO 2 ) 2 NH (bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide) so as to obtain bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. The latter is subsequently isolated by treating the reaction mixture with NaCI in dichloromethane. The disadvantage of this process lies in particular in the high cost of AsF 3 , in its toxicity and in the risk of contaminating the compound obtained.
US 20040097757 describes a process for preparing salts of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide by fluorinating salts of bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide. However, bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide is costly and not easily prepared. In fact, bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide can be prepared by reacting together chlorosulfonic (CISO 3 H) acid and chlorosulfonylisocyanate (CISO 2 NCO) as indicated in
US 4,315,935. However, such a process is relatively expensive because of the high cost of chlorosulfonylisocyanate (CISO 2 NCO).
Moreover, Kang et al. in Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 1999, 2(6), 261-264 discloses a process for preparing bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide, which comprises reacting together chlorosulfonic acid and N-sulfonyl trichlorophosphazene (CISO 2 NPCI 3 ). However, such a process is also relatively expensive and it was also found that the formation of protonated imides is strongly affected by the acid strength of the proton donors and the N- substituents.
It would therefore be highly desirable to be provided with a process for preparing sulfonylimides and derivatives thereof such as salts thereof, which would overcome the previously mentioned drawbacks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (I):
O o
R 1 S N S R 1
O R 2 O (I) wherein each of the Ri is independently F, Cl, Br, or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs,
comprising the step of reacting a compound of formula (II):
O
R 1 S R 1
O (H)
wherein each of the R 1 is as previously defined,
with a compound of formula (III):
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (I); and each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K 1 Cs, or (R 4 HSi-, each of the R 4 being independently a C 1 -C- 12 alkyl.
It was found that such a process is useful and efficient to prepare, at low costs, compounds of general formula (I). This process is simple and can easily be carried out. The process is also very interesting since it permits to obtain compounds which are substantially free from contaminants i.e., it is possible to obtain compounds of formula (I) which are substantially free from traces of the reactants (or intermediates) used during the process.
It was also found that when a base such as 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane or a salt thereof (Na, Li or K) is preferably used, the by-product so formed, trimethylsilylhalide (such as trimethylsilylchloride, or trimethylsilylfluoride) is volatile, thereby driving the reaction. Such a volatile product can thus easily be separated from the desired product.
It was also found that by using such a process, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imides and derivatives thereof can be prepared in one step by using SO 2 F 2 and a base as previously defined (compound (III)).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (Ia):
O O
R 5 S N S R 5
O R 2 O (Ia)
wherein
R 5 is F, Cl, Br, or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs,
comprising the steps of : a) reacting SO 2 CI 2 with a compound of formula (III):
N
R 2 (III)
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (Ia); and each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R^Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a C r Ci 2 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (Ib);
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (Ia); and
b) reacting the compound of formula (Ib) with a compound of formula MR 5 , wherein M is Li, Na, K, H, Cs or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl, and R 5 is as previously defined in formula (Ia), so as to obtain the compound of formula (Ia).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (Ic):
o o
R 1 S N S R 1
O H O (Ic)
wherein each of the Ri is independently F, Cl, Br, or I
comprising the steps of: a) reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein each of the Ri is as previously defined in formula (Ic),
with a compound of formula (III):
wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a C1-C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
o o
R 1 s N s R 1
O R 2 O (I)
wherein each of the Ri is as previously defined in formula (Ic); and R 2 is as previously defined in formula (III), and
b) treating the compound of formula (I) with a source of proton so as to obtain the compound of formula (Ic).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (V):
wherein
R 6 is -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 ) 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F 1 each of the R 4 being independently a CrCi 2 alkyl; and
R 7 is H, Li, Na, K, , Cs or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl,
comprising the steps of : a) reacting a compound of formula (II): O
R 1 S R 1
o (H)
wherein each of the Ri is independently F, Cl, Br, or I,
with a compound of formula (III):
N
R 2 (III)
wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs, each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 )SSi-, each of the R 4 being independently a C1-C12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
O 0
R 1 S N S R 1
O R 2 O (I)
wherein each of the Ri is as previously defined for formula (II); and R2 is as previously defined for formula (III);
b) reacting the compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula R6-R7, wherein R 6 and R 7 are as previously defined in formula (V), so as to obtain the compound of formula (V).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (VI):
0 0
R 6 s N —
0 R 2 (VI)
wherein
R 6 is -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 J 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs
comprising the steps of : a) reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein each of the R 1 is independently F, I, Br or Cl, with a compound of formula (III):
R 3 \ - R-,
' N '
R 2 (III) wherein
R 2 is Li, Na, K, or Cs; and each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a CrCi 2 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I);
wherein each of the R 1 is as previously defined for formula (II); and R 2 is as previously defined for formula (III);
b) reacting the compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula R 6 -R 7 , wherein R 6 is as previously defined in formula (V), and R 7 is of formula (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a CrC 12 alkyl, so as to obtain the compound of formula (VI).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (Ia):
O 0
R, -N- -R s
O R 2 O (Ia)
wherein
R 5 is F, Br, Cl or I; and R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs
the process comprising : a) reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein each of the R 1 is independently F, Cl, Br, or I,
with a compound of formula (III):
R 3 \ ,R-,
"N '
Ro (III)
wherein
R 2 is as previously defined for formula (Ia); and each of the R 3 is independently H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 )SSi-, each of the R 4 being independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl,
so as to obtain a compound of formula (I)
0 0
R 1 S N S R 1
O R 2 O ( j )
wherein each of the R 1 is as previously defined; and R 2 is as previously defined,
b) reacting the compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula MR 5 , wherein M is H, Li, Na, K 1 Cs, or is of formula (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of said R 4 being independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl, and R 5 is as previously defined in formula (Ia), so as to obtain the compound of formula (Ia).
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using a compound of formula (II):
0
R 1 S R-|
O (H)
wherein each of the R 1 is independently F, Cl, Br, or I,
said method comprising reacting said compound of formula (II) with a silylamide base in order to produce a sulfonylimide, a salt or derivative thereof.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of SO 2 CI 2 as a reactant in the preparation of a compound of formula (Ib) :
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
SO 2 CI 2 can be reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of SO 2 F 2 as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Id) :
o O
— N —
o R 2 o (Id)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
SO 2 F 2 can be reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of FSO 2 CI as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Ib), (Id) or (Ie) :
O O O O O O
Cl I Sl N I Sl Cl F I Sl N I Sl F Cl I Sl N I Sl F
O R 2 O O R 2 O O R 2 O
(Ib) (Id) (Ie)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
FSO 2 CI can be reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of FSO 2 Br as a reactant in a process for preparing of a compound of formula (Id), (If) or (Ig) : o o o o o o
Br- -Br Br-
O R 2 O O R 2 O O R 2 O
(Id) (If) (Ig)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K.
FSU 2 Br can be reacted with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (Ib) :
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K,
comprising the step of reacting SO 2 CI 2 with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula (Id) :
O 0
F s N —
O R 2 O (Id)
in which R 2 is H, Li, Na or K,
comprising the step of reacting SO 2 F 2 with a silylamide base comprising a bond N-R 2 .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compound of formula (V):
wherein each of the R 6 is independently -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 ) 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of the R 4 being independently a Ci-Ci 2 alkyl; and
R 7 is H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or (R 4 ) 3 Si-, each of the R 4 being independently a CrCi 2 alkyl,
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compound of formula (VI):
o o
R 6 S N S R 6
O R 2 O (VI)
wherein each of the R 6 is independently -PPh 2 , -CN, -CF 3 , -C 2 F 5 , -N(R 4 ) 2 , -N=PPh 3 , or -F, each of the R 4 being independently a CrCi 2 alkyl; and
R 2 is H, Li, Na, K, or Cs
The term "alkyl" as used herein refers to linear or branched radicals. Examples of such radicals include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, iso-amyl, hexyl and the like. Methyl is preferred.
The term "silylamide base" as used herein refers to a base which comprises at least one bond Si-N, and preferably two bonds Si-N. More preferably, each of the two Si atoms is connected to three carbon atoms. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to, bis(trialkylsilyl)amide bases, such as lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide.
In the processes of the present invention, the compound of formula (II) can be reacted with the compound of formula (III) at a temperature of about -78 to about 110 0 C. Preferably, the temperature is about -5 to about 25 ° C. Preferably, each of the Ri are the same. Ri is avantageously Cl or F. When reacting the compound of formula (II) with the compound of formula (III), the molar ratio (II)/(III) can be about 2:1 to about 15:1. It can also be about 2:1 to about 10:1 or about 2:1 to about 5:1. For example, it can be about 2:1 ; about 3:1 ; about 4:1 , about 5:1 ; about 6:1 , about 7:1 , etc.
The compound of formula (III) is preferably a compound of formula (IV):
R 2 is as previously defined in formula (I); and each of the R 4 is independently a C 1 -C 12 alkyl.
Preferably, each of the R 4 are the same. More preferably, each R 4 is methyl. R2 is preferably H, Li, Na, or K.
In the process for preparing a compound of formulas (Ia), (V), and (VI) step (b) is preferably carried out in the presence of an aprotic solvent, which is preferably a polar solvent such as nitromethane or acetonitrile.
In the process for preparing a compound of formula (Ic), the source of proton can be an organic acid. Preferably, the organic acid is chosen from formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoromethylsulfonic acid, and HTFSI ((F 3 CSO 2 ) 2 NH),. Alternatively, the source of proton can be an inorganic acid. Preferably, the inorganic acid is chosen from fluorosulfuric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, HPF 6 , and HFSI ((FSO 2 ) 2 NH), HBF 4 , and a super acid (such as HSbF 6 )
In the process for preparing a compound of formula (V), R 6 is preferably CN, CF 3 Or F.
In the processes of the present invention that comprise more than one step, the steps can be carried out in a single sequence i.e. "one-pot".
The processes of the present invention are useful for preparing electrolytes. They are also useful for preparing a component of a lithium battery or a solar cell. The process for preparing a compound of formula (I) is useful for preparing an intermediate of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide or a salt thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFFERED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
The following examples represent in a non-limitative manner, preferred embodiments of the present invention.
EXAMPLE 1
1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane (((CH 3 ) 3 Si) 2 NH) (1.79 g, 11.1 mmol) was dissolved in 30 ml_ anhydrous CH 3 CN in a 250 mL two-neck flask under Argon at room temperature. Sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 CI 2 ) (3 g, 22.2 mmol) was then dissolved in 15 mL anhydrous CH 3 CN at room temperature and added dropwise over 15 minutes to the reaction mixture under argon at 25°C. The mixture was refluxed during 3 hours. The solvent was then removed under
vacuum and the resulting yellowish crude was distilled under vacuum so as to obtain bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide ((CISO 2 ) 2 NH) in pure form (yield = 80 %). The obtained product was analyzed by Mass spectrum and elementary analysis. The driving force of this reaction is the formation of the volatile by-product trimethylsilylchloride. This by-product can optionally be recovered.
Mass Spectrum El source 2U (M+1)\ MQ [M-CM) + M. p. 36 0 C.
In accordance with one of the process previously described in the present invention, bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide, if desired, can then be converted into bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide by using the process described in US 20040097757, and more particularly in examples 1 to 3. These examples are hereby incorporated by reference.
EXAMPLE 2
317 g (2.35 mol) of sulfuryl chloride were charged under argon into a 1 L flask and mixed with 500 ml_ of anhydrous acetonitrile. Then, the mixture was cooled at -20 0 C. 100 ml_ (0.47 mol) of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS 99%) were added dropwise over 30 minutes at -2O 0 C under argon. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12h and then refluxed for 3 h. Then, the solvent was removed under vacuum and the resulting yellowish crude is dissolved in 500 ml_ anhydrous acetonitrile and mixed with 163,8 g (2.82 mol) of anhydrous KF. The arising suspension was thoroughly stirred for 72 h. The liquid phase was filtered off and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The resulting solid was recrystallized in ethanol so as to obtain potassium bis(fluorosulfuryl)amide (KFSI) in pure form.
M. p. 99-100°C
IR (cm 1 ) KBr : 1403, 1384, 1362, 1226, 1191, 1130, 1116, 859, 845, 784, 748, 729, 583, 572.
EXAMPLE 3
16.87 g (0.125 mol) of sulfuryl chloride were charged under argon into a 500 ml_ flask and mixed with 200 ml_ of anhydrous acetonitrile. Then, the mixture was cooled at -20 0 C. 100 ml_ (0.5 M in toluene) of potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide were added dropwise over 30 minutes at -20 0 C under argon. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12h and then refluxed for 1 h. Then, the solvent was removed under vacuum and the resulting yellowish crude was dissolved in 300 ml_ anhydrous acetonitrile and mixed with 17.7 g (0.3 mol) of anhydrous KF. The arising suspension was thoroughly stirred for 72 h. The liquid phase was filtered off and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The resulting solid was recrystallized in ethanol so as to obtain potassium bis(fluorosulfuryl)amide (KFSI) in pure form.
The person skilled in the art would also clearly recognize that in the various formulas previously presented, the bound N-R 2 can represent an ionic bond, for example when R 2 represents Li, Na, K, or Cs, or any other cation. The bond N-R 2 can also represent a covalent bond, for example when R 2 represents H.
The person skilled in the art would also recognize that various modifications, adaptations, and variations may be brought to the previously presented preferred embodiments without departing from the scope of the following claims.