BACKGROUND

[0001] Water based nail varnish compositions which comprise aqueous dispersions of polymer particles are known. These compositions frequently exhibit poor adhesion to a nail and when dry difficulty in removability. Shipping extremes of hot and cold have been found to adversely affect the stability of water based nail varnish.

[0002] Water based nail varnish compositions are currently sold as products for children. The compositions are designed to wear for a day or two. Chipping and flaking are not a concern in a children's product.

[0003] Adult water based nail varnish found on the market today have improved adhesion but are difficult to remove.

[0004] The present disclosure presents a water based nail varnish composition that provides good adhesion to a nail and when dry is easily removable with acetone.

SUMMARY

[0005] The present discloses provides a nail varnish composition comprising, a nail varnish composition comprising an at least one aqueous film former, an at least one coaiescing aid, and an at least one aqueous dispersion of polymer particles selected from a group consisting of a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate acrylate, a vinyl acetate methacrylate, a vinyl acetate styrene, and mixtures thereof and the composition can be removed from a surface by acetone.

[0006] In an embodiment the at least one polymer particle comprises from about 20% to about 25%, by weight of the composition.

[0007] In an embodiment the nail varnish composition further comprising at least one additive selected from thickeners, leveling agents, wetting agents, dispersants, thermal stabilizer, plasticizer, antifoams, preservatives, UV screens, dyes, pigments, active principles, surfactants, moisturizers, perfumes, neutralizing agents, stabilizers, and antioxidants.

[0008] In an embodiment the at least one polymer particle is selected from a glycol, a glycol ether, a glycol ether ester, an ester, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment the polymer particle is a polyvinyl acetate.

[0009] In an embodiment the film former used in the composition is selected from the group consisting of a styrene acrylates ammonium methacrylate copolymer, a polyester, an ammonium acrylates copolymer, a rosin ester, and mixtures thereof.

[0010] In an embodiment the coalescing aid used in the composition is selected from the group consisting of a glycol, a glycol ether, a glycol ether ester, an ester, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment the coalescing aid is selected from the group consisting of a PPG-2 propyl ether, a PPG-2 dibenzoate, Dipropylene glycol methyl ether and mixtures thereof.

[0011] The present disclosure provides a method for making up and/or caring for nails comprising applying to the nails a nail varnish composition comprising an at least one aqueous film former, an at least one coalescing aid, and an at least one aqueous dispersion of polymer particles selected from a group consisting of a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate acrylate, a vinyl acetate methacrylate, a vinyl acetate styrene, and mixtures thereof and the composition can be removed from a surface by acetone. The present disclosure provides a nail varnish composition comprising water, a at least one styrene acrylates ammonium copolymer, an ammonium acrylates copolymer, a rosin ester surfactant, a polyester, a PPG-2 propyl ether, a PPG-2 dibenzoate, a silicone, a PEG-6 methyl ether dimethicone, polyvinyl acetate, hexylene glycol, hectorite, preservative, pigments, glitters, and mixtures thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] FIGURE 1 is a graph showing the Hansen Solubility parameters London dispersion force (6D) and Debye interaction force (δΡ) for a range of solvents and polymers.

[0013] FIGURE 2 is a graph showing the Hansen Solubility parameters Debye interaction force (δΡ) and Interaction force (δΗ) for a range of solvents and polymers.

[0014] FIGURE 3 is a graph showing the showing the Hansen Solubility parameters London dispersion force (5D) and Interaction force (δΗ) for a range of solvents and polymers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present discloses provides a nail varnish composition comprising, A method for making up and/or caring for nails comprising applying to the nails a nail varnish composition comprising an at least one aqueous film former, an at least one coalescing aid, and an at least one aqueous dispersion of polymer particles selected from a group consisting of a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate acrylate, a vinyl acetate methacrylate, a vinyl acetate styrene, and mixtures thereof and the composition can be removed from a surface by acetone.

[0016] The terms used in this specification generally have their ordinary meanings in the art, within the context of the invention, and in the specific context where each term is used. Certain terms are discussed below, or elsewhere in the specification, to provide additional guidance to the practitioner in describing the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention and how to make and use them. Moreover, it will be appreciated that the same thing can be said in more than one way. Consequently, alternative language and synonyms may be used for any one or more of the terms discussed herein, nor is any special significance to be placed upon whether or not a term is elaborated or discussed herein. The use of examples anywhere in this specification, including examples of any terms discussed herein, is illustrative only, and in no way limits the scope and meaning of the invention or of any exemplified term. Likewise, the invention is not limited to the examples presented.

[0017] When the phrase "at least one'" is used it means one or more different ingredients are used alone or in a combination of ingredients. One of skill in the art would know the limit on how many different ingredients can be used to give the desired water based nail varnish disclosed herein.

[0018] As used herein, "about" shall generally mean within 20 percent, preferably within 10 percent, and more preferably within 5 percent of a given value or range.

[0019] As used herein, the terms "nail varnish" and "nail varnish composition" describes a product that is clear or colored and creates a film or coating that is used for aesthetic, therapeutic, or prophylactic benefits to the application surface. [0020] The present nail varnish composition is, of course, suitable for application to human nails. The naii varnish composition may also be applied to synthetic nails. The water based nail varnish can be applied to a variety of surfaces. For purposes of this invention surface refers to natural and synthetic nails, glass, and paper, wood.

[0021] As used herein, the term "human nail" refers to a keratinaceous plate present at the upper surface of the end of a finger or toe of a primate, human, claw, or hoof of a mammal.

[0022] The compositions disclosed in this application are applied to the surface in a manner that forms a contiguous layer or film to the surface. The composition can be applied to the surface in a single layer or in succeeding layers. A surface can be pretreated with another material prior to application of the compositions in this application. An intervening layer of another material may be applied when the compositions disclosed in this application are applied in succeeding layers.

[0023] As used herein, the term "dry" in reference to the composition applied to the surface means that the composition feels smooth and not tacky when touched by a human fingertip.

[0024] As used herein, the term "pretreated" refers to a basecoat or medicinal treatment applied to the surface prior to the application of the compositions disclosed in this application.

[0025] As used herein, the term "thermal stabilizer" refers to a material that helps polymers endure the effects of increased heat and decreased cold. Examples of thermal stabilizers include hexylene glycol, propylene glycol, hectorite, and combinations thereof.

[0026] As used herein, the term "acetone" refers to a nail varnish remover that is acetone alone or acetone as part of a nail varnish remover.

[0027] As used herein, the term "aqueous film former" refers to water-borne polymers. These are polymers added to a mixture comprising water and can be either dissolved or dispersed in water or a water/solvent combination. The aqueous film former can be present in the composition alone or in combination with other film formers. The number and type of aqueous film formers used would be determined by one of skill in the art to achieve, for example, the desired hardness, wear, adhesion, and removability of the composition. Examples of aqueous film formers include, but are not limited to, an acrylate, a methacrylate copolymer, a methacrylate, a styrene acry!ate, a styrene polyurethane, a urethand acrylate, a urethane methacrylate, a silicone, and a silicone acrylate, ammonium methacrylate copolymer, a polyester, an ammonium acrylates copolymer, a rosin ester, a polyvinylpyrrolidone, a po!yvinylalcohol, a poiyacrylamide, a polyacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0028] As used herein, the term "composition" refers to the combination of ingredients that form the nail varnish disclosed herein.

[0029] The compositions herein may comprise additional optional additives to enhance the performance as nail varnish. Examples include but are not limited to antifoams, buffers, chelating agents, dispersants, dyes, fillers, pigments, thermal stabilizer, plasticizer, preservatives, therapeutic and prophylactic agents (active principles), thickeners, wetting agents, UV screens, surfactants, moisturizers, perfumes, neutralizing agents, antioxidants, stabilizers, and the like. Such optional components may be dispersed, solubilized, or otherwise mixed in the carrier and/or the liquid diluent of the compositions. These components may be added to the compositions herein provided they do not substantially hinder the long wear properties, particularly the adhesion or removability of the compositions. Non-limiting examples of optional components are given below.

[0030] Pigments

[0031] Pigments, dyes, glitters, and other coloring agents (herein collectively referred to as pigments) may be incorporated into the present compositions. Suitable pigments are inorganic or organic pigments known as, for example, the FD&C and D&C colors, lakes, and iron oxides. Such pigments are disclosed in the CT.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, First Edition, 1988. Organic pigments include, for example, D and C Red, Nos. 10, 1 1 , 12, and 13, D and C Red No. 7, D and C Red Nos. 5 and 6, D and C Red Nos. 30 and 34, lacquers such as D and C Yellow No. 5 and D and C Red No. 2, and guanine. Inorganic pigments include, for example, titanium dioxide, bismuth oxychloride, brown iron oxide, and the red iron oxides.

[0032] Preferably, the present compositions comprise from 0% to about 10%, more preferably from 0% to about 2%, and most preferably from 0% to about 1 %, by weight of the composition, of a pigment or dye.

[0033] Plasticizer

[0034] Without intending to be limited by theory, plasticizers cause a composition to become more easily deformed. One or more plasticizers may optionally be added to the present compositions. [0035] Coa!esing aid

As used herein a "coalescing aid" is any compound that enables an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles to form a continuous film upon evaporation of water. Some film formers act as coalescing aids. Examples of coalescing aids include, but are not limited to, a glycol, a glycol ether, a glycol ether ester, an ester, a PPG-2 propyl ether, a PPG-2 dibenzoate, Dipropylene glycol methyl ether and mixtures thereof.

[0036] Preservatives

[0037] One or more preservatives may optionally be added to the present compositions to prevent, inhibit, or retard microbial growth in the composition. Preferred preservatives include benzyl alcohol, sorbates (preferably potassium sorbate), methylisothiazolinone, and mixtures thereof.

[0038] A composition preferably comprises from 0% to about 1 %, more preferably from 0% to about 0.006%, and most preferably from 0% to about 0.001 %, by weight of the composition, of a preservative.

[0039] Therapeutic and Prophylactic Agents

[0040] Therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents also known herein as active principles, include but are not limited to for example, vitamins, proteins, anti-fungal and anti-microbia! agents, and sunscreens (including UV-A, UV-B, and broad spectrum solar filters) may optionally be added to the present com ositions for the further care and protection of the nails.

[0041] The polymer particies in aqueous dispersion have solubility properties at 25°C in organic solvents. An example of the an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles selected from, but not limited to, a group consisting of a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate acrylate, a vinyl acetate methacrylate, a vinyl acetate styrene, and mixtures thereof.

[0042] A composition preferably comprises from about 30% to about 70%, more preferably from about 48% to about 58%, by weight of the composition, of polymer particles in aqueous dispersion.

[0043] Polymer particles in aqueous dispersions which contribute to the removability of the nail varnish composition include but are not limited to a homopolymer of vinyl acetate acrylate, a vinyl acetate methacrylate, a vinyl acetate styrene, a polyvinyl acetate and mixtures thereof. The polymer particles that contribute to the removability of the nail varnish are those that have Hansen Solubility Parameters of: London dispersion force (5D) of about 14 to about 20; Debye interaction force (δΡ) of about 5 to about 15; Interaction force (δΗ) of about 1 to about 9; Radius (R _a ) from acetone ranging from about 5 to about 12.

[0044] As used herein Hansen Solubility Parameters developed by Charles Hansen were calculated and used as a way of predicting if one material will dissolve in another. They are based on the idea that like dissolves like where one molecule is defined as being 'like' another if it bonds to itself in a similar way. Each molecule is given three Hansen parameters, each generally measured in MPa ^{0 5} :

[0045] 5D The energy from dispersion forces between molecules and is known as London dispersion force.

[0046] δΡ The energy from dipolar intermolecular force between molecules and is known as Debye interaction force.

[0047] δΗ The energy from hydrogen bonds between molecules and is known as Interaction force.

[0048] These three parameters can be treated as co-ordinates for a point in three dimensions also known as the Hansen space. The nearer two molecules are in this three dimensional space, the more likely they are to dissolve into each other. To determine if the parameters of two molecules (usually a solvent and a polymer) are within range a vaiue called interaction radius (R ₀ ) is given to the substance being dissolved. This value determines the radius of the sphere in Hansen space and its center is the three Hansen parameters. To calculate the distance (Ra) between Hansen parameters in Hansen space the following formula is used:

(Raf = 4(4 - S _dl f + (δ _≠ - S _≠ f + (½ - ½ ) ² [0049] Figure 1 , Figure 2, and Figure 3 identify a range of water-borne polymer particles that can be dissolved in acetone and exhibit resistance against solubility in water without compromising adhesion (wear).

[0050] EXAMPLE 1

[0051] A water based nail varnish composition was prepared based on a formulation disclosed by Interpolymer (reference attached in Information Disclosure Statement) and is presented as F0 in TABLE 2. F0 serves as the control.

[0052] TABLE 1

RESULTS

Removability 1 2.5 3.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 with acetone

Water/detergent 5 5 5 5 5 5 4.5 4 3 2.5 2 resistance

[0053] Formula FO was barely removable using acetone based remover (acetone). Polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PVAC) was added in serial dilutions to the FO formulation. The addition of PVAC enhanced removability with acetone. The addition of PVAC at concentrations at or above 30% decreased the water/detergent resistance. Water/detergent resistance translates as adhesion or long wear.

[0054] TEST METHOD

[0055] Removability - the formulas were applied to a glass surface at a wet thickness of 6 mils and allowed to dry. The dry coatings were rubbed 10 times using cotton pads soaked with acetone. A grade of 5 represents easy removal with acetone A grade of 1 represents difficult removal with acetone.

[0056] Water/detergent removability, Wear, Adhesion - A grade of 5 represents long wear, good adhesion, and high water/detergent resistance to removal. A grade of 1 represents poor wear, low adhesion, and easy removal with water/detergent.