TRAINING DEVICE

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/691,562, filed

June 28, 2018, in accordance with 35 USC 119. The entirety of each of this application is incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND Injection devices have recently become increasingly popular for single dose or multi dose, at home self-administration. These devices include both auto-injection devices and pre filled syringe devices and are often designed to accomplish two basic objectives: convenience of drug delivery in an outpatient or at home setting, and/or automation of drug delivery in an outpatient or at-home setting.

Injectable medications are required for a number of varying illnesses and diseases. A number of injectable medications require self-injection by a patient. Self-injection of a medicament using a device having a needle carries with it a certain stigma. Oftentimes patients are weary of injecting themselves for fear or anxiety related to failing to receive a complete dose of the medication, pain associated with injecting oneself with the needle, accidentally sticking oneself with the needle, and difficulties in adequately grasping the dosing mechanism to inject oneself, among other concerns. These fears and anxieties associated with the currently available self-injection devices may result in the administration of an incomplete dose of a medicament, failure to administer any portion of the dose of a medicament, or accidentally sticking oneself with the needle of the device, which in some instances could lead to unwanted transmission of diseases if the needle is contaminated.

An additional concern exists with regard to injection devices is that users with little or no medical knowledge or experience are injecting themselves or injecting others using these devices. Performing a medical treatment or test on oneself or others carries with it certain risks and often creates a level of anxiety for the user performing the treatment or test. It has proven beneficial in the medical field to practice various medical techniques including drug delivery, specifically where it relates to injections and other invasive drug delivery means prior to delivering the medications to a patient in need, and particularly in the case of self-administration of medicaments. Training devices are helpful in reducing anxiety associated with self administering medical treatment, as well as increasing efficiency and accuracy in providing the treatment to patients. Medical devices can be intimidating to use; the fear associated with giving oneself an injection, for example, can be traumatic. This fear is increased in persons with little or no experience in self-administration of medications. Consequently, devices to assist in training individuals to inject themselves or otherwise self-administer medication are beneficial in decreasing or preventing the anxiety associated with medicament delivery. Safe use and re-use of these training devices requires a resettable device. Therefore, a device which allows repeated practice and ease of use to enhance familiarity with the injection device and the self-injection process, along with the ability to safely and efficiently reset the device is paramount to an effective device for injection training.

SUMMARY

In an embodiment, a resettable injection training device is provided, including an outer housing having a proximal end and a distal end, an inner housing including a proximal end and a distal end, and a safety shield moveable relative to the inner housing. The safety shield includes a proximal end, a distal end, and an extended pre-use position, an extended post-use position, and a retracted position. The device further includes a lateral actuation member comprising a raised position and a depressed position, a plunger having a proximal end and a distal end, the plunger moveable proximally and distally within the inner housing to simulate delivery of medicament; a plunger subassembly comprising the plunger, a first signal output audibly signaling actuation of the plunger; a second signal output audibly signaling completion of an injection simulation; and a reset cap comprising a plunger interfacing portion and a safety shield interfacing portion for resetting the safety shield and the plunger.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A more particular description briefly stated above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the embodiments will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a resettable injection training device.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment of a resettable injection training device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a proximal end of the training device embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a proximal end of the training device embodiment of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a proximal end of the training device embodiment of FIG. 1.

FIGS. 6A-6C are a partial sectional view of a proximal end of the training device embodiment of

FIG. 1.

FIGS. 7A-7B are partial sectional views of a portion of the device of FIG. 1. FIG. 8A is a partial sectional view of a portion of an embodiment of a plunger sub-assembly.

FIG. 8B is a prospective view of a portion of an internal housing of a training device

embodiment.

FIG. 8C is a cross sectional view of the interactivity between the plunger sub assembly shown in FIG. 8 A and the internal housing shown in FIG 8B. FIGS. 9A-9C are partial sectional view of a proximal end of the training device embodiment of FIG. 1 during operation.

FIGS. 10A-10B are partial sectional views of a proximal end of the training device shown in FIG. 1.

FIGS. 11A-11C are perspective views of a plunger sub-assembly according to one embodiment. FIGS. 12A-12B are perspective views of an embodiment of a training device. FIGS. 13A-13B are perspective views of an embodiment of a training device.

FIG. 13C is a perspective view of an embodiment of a plunger sub-assembly of the device shown in FIGS. 13A-13B.

FIG. 14A is a partial view of a distal end of an injection training device and a reset cap. FIG. 14B is a partial view of internal components of the training device of FIG. 14A, showing the plunger sub-assembly.

FIG. 14C is a partial view of a distal end of an injection training device and a reset cap showing the reset cap inserted into the device.

FIGS. 14C-14D show side and perspective views, respectively, of the plunger sub-assembly shown in FIG. 14B.

FIG. 15A is a partial side view of an embodiment of a training device.

FIG. 15B is a perspective view of the portion of the training device shown in FIG. 15 A.

FIG. 15C is a partial side view of an embodiment of a training device.

FIG. 15D is a perspective view of the portion of the training device shown in FIG. 15C. FIG. 16A is a partial perspective view of a proximal portion of an internal components of a training device embodiment.

FIG. 16B is a partial perspective view of a proximal portion of internal components of a training device embodiment.

FIG. 16C is a perspective view of an embodiment of an inner housing. FIG. 16D is a perspective view of an embodiment of a rotatable member.

FIGS. 17A-17B are side views of internal components of a proximal end of a training device.

FIGS. 18A-18G provide a sequence of steps for using an embodiment of a training device, according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles and operation of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

As used herein, the singular forms“a,”“an,” and“the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise these terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.

Furthermore, to the extent that the terms“including,”“includes,”“having,”“has,”� ��with,” or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description and/or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term“comprising.” Moreover, unless specifically stated, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not denote any order, quantity or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc., are used to distinguish one element from another. The modifier“about” used in connection with a quantity is inclusive of the stated value and has the meaning dictated by the context. It is to be noted that all ranges disclosed within this specification are inclusive and are independently combinable.

Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope are approximations, the numerical values set forth in specific non-limiting examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements. Moreover, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass any and all sub-ranges subsumed therein. As a non-limiting example, a range of "less than 10" can include any and all sub-ranges between (and including) the minimum value of zero and the maximum value of 10, that is, any and all sub-ranges having a minimum value of equal to or greater than zero and a maximum value of equal to or less than 10, e.g., 1 to 7. As another non-limiting example, a range of“between 20 and 10” can also include the values 20, 10.

The term“adjacent” as used herein, includes but is not limited to near, associated with, or in close proximity to. In embodiments herein, an actuation member is described as being in a depressed locked position and in a released locked position. The actuation member is also described herein as being in an unlocked position, which may include a released unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the actuation member may be compressed to actuate the device. Therefore, when the actuation member is in the unlocked position, activation of the actuation member may actuate the device. The actuation member is in the unlocked position, in one embodiment, following depression (proximal movement) of the safety shield.

In embodiments herein, the safety shield is described as being in an extended, pre-use position and an extended, post-use position, an extended pre-use position refers to a position of the safety shield, extended from the distal end of the outer housing, prior to actuation of the lateral actuation member during a simulation. The safety shield in an extended, post-use position refers to a position of the safety shield, extended from the distal end of the housing, following actuation of the lateral actuation member.

In embodiments herein, the plunger is described as being in a pre-use position and a post use position. The pre-use position of the plunger refers to its proximal position relative to the outer housing, prior to release of the plunger which occurs upon actuation of the lateral actuation member. The post-use position of the plunger refers to a distal position of the plunger relative to the housing, which occurs upon completion of the medicament delivery simulation when the plunger has reached its most distal position in the device.

In some embodiments herein, the device is described as having a pre-use position or pre use state and a post-use position or post-use state. The pre-use position or pre-use state includes wherein the device is ready to be actuated to initiate an injection simulation, for example, before use of the device for a training, or following reset of the device. The post-use position, or post use state includes the state of the device and its components following a simulated injection delivery, and prior to reset of the device.

The inventors herein have identified a need for a device to be used in effectively training patients to use a needle-containing injection device, particularly when these injection devices are used for at home or outpatient environments. In the field of medicament injection training devices, correct injection of medicament by way of the injection device is crucial for obtaining accurate doses of medicament contained therein. Factors such as a fear of needles, fear of pain associated with an injection, inexperience with injection devices and delivering injections, and unfamiliarity with injection devices and their operation, among other factors can contribute to issues in administering the medicament correctly with the injection device. Consequently, patient training in correct operation of the injection device is crucial to reducing patient anxiety and enhancing patient compliance. In one embodiment, a resettable injection training device is provided herein.

Turning to the Figures, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment 100 of a resettable injection training device providing a view of the inner housing 102 and the safety shield 104 which is moveable proximally and distally relative to the inner housing 102. An outer housing of the device has been removed in the Figures shown so as to provide a complete view of the innerworkings of the device 100. The inner housing 102 having a proximal end and a distal end, and the safety shield 104 having a proximal end l04a and a distal end l04b. A lateral actuation member 106 having a lateral actuation member first tab 107 and an actuation member second tab

105 (shown in FIG. 3) is disposed along a surface of the device 100. The lateral actuation member 106 includes a released position and a depressed position. The lateral actuation member

106 is moved from the released position to the depressed position during actuation of the device 100. This movement of the lateral actuation member 106 follows retraction of the safety shield 104 as will be described in greater detail hereinafter.

The lateral actuation member 106 and the safety shield proximal end l04a are shown in FIG. 1 in contact with an actuation member released lock 108 having an actuation member released lock tab 110 and a proximal portion of the safety shield l04a. A force on the lateral actuation member 106 prior to retraction of the safety shield 104 causes the lateral actuation member tab 107 to interface with the actuation member released lock tab 110 to prevent depression of the lateral actuation member 106, in essence, to prevent actuation of the device 100 prior to proximal movement of the safety shield 104.

Upon proximal movement of the safety shield 104 relative to the outer housing by a force on the safety shield distal end l04b as shown in FIG. 2, the safety shield 104 interfaces with the actuation member released lock 108 to allow actuation of the lateral actuation member 106. The movement of the safety shield 104 in a proximal direction when the device is in a pre-use position causes the actuation member released lock to move in a proximal direction such that the actuation member released lock tab 110 moves away from the lateral actuation member first tab 107, to allow activation of the lateral actuation member 106 by moving the lateral actuation member 106 from a released position to a depressed position. Both proximal movement of the safety shield 104 and activation of the lateral actuation member 106 are required to initiate actuation of the device 100, and proximal movement of the safety shield 104 releases the lateral actuation member 106 such that it may be actuated to initiate actuation of the device 100.

The device 100 may further include a plunger 112 including a proximal plunger end 1 l2a and a distal plunger end 1 l2b (not visible in FIGS. 1-2). The plunger 112 includes one or more plunger rails 114 on its surface, and one or more plunger rail gaps 116. The device 100 may also include a rotatable member 118, a rotatable member tab 120, in some embodiments, and a rotatable biasing member 122 for rotating the rotatable member 118. The rotatable biasing member 122 may include a spring configured to cause resistance to rotate the rotatable member 118. In one non-limiting embodiment, the spring may include a torsion spring.

FIG. 3 shows a partial sectional view of a device embodiment 100, wherein arrows 1, 2, and 3 show the stepwise movement of the components of the device 100 in order to actuate the lateral actuation member 106. The first step includes (following proximal movement of the safety shield 104) movement of the lateral actuation member 106 from a raised position to a depressed position, causing release of the plunger 112 and thus movement of the plunger in a distal direction, resulting in movement of the actuation member depressed lock 124 such that the actuation member depressed lock tab 126 interfaces with the lateral actuation member second tab 105 to maintain the lateral actuation member 106 in a locked, depressed position until reset of the device 100.

FIGS. 4-5 are partial sectional views of an embodiment of the device 100, showing the interactivity between the proximal end of the safety shield l04a and the actuation member released lock 108. Proximal movement of the safety shield 104 moves the actuation member released lock 108 toward the proximal end of the device 100 as shown, interrupting the contact between the actuation member released lock tab 110 and the lateral actuation member first tab 107. This“unlocking” of the lateral actuation member 106 by virtue of the interactivity described herein, as one example, allows the lateral actuation member 106 to be depressed (i.e., moved from a raised position to a depressed position) to actuate the device 100 and release the plunger 112 to simulate an injection.

Once the lateral actuation member 106 has been actuated (depressed) as shown in the stepwise movement of the actuation member 106 from released to depressed position in FIGS. 6A to FIG. 6B, the plunger 112 is released as shown in FIG. 6C. Release of the plunger subassembly 126 which includes the plunger 112 and plunger receiver 127 by actuation of the lateral actuation member 106 causes the plunger subassembly 126 to move distally relative to the inner housing 102. This distal movement continues until a plunger receiver ridge 128 interfaces with an inner housing ridge 130 (inner housing ridge 130 in FIG. 8B) as shown in FIGS. 8A-8C. FIG. 7A shows a partial sectional view of the device 100, upon actuation of the lateral actuation member 106, showing the plunger subassembly 126 in a proximal position relative to the inner housing 102. After actuation of the lateral actuation member 106, the plunger subassembly 126 is released and moves distally relative to the inner housing 102 as shown in FIG. 7B. The interface between the plunger receiver ridge 128 and the inner housing ridge 130 is shown in FIG. 8C. This interface may cause a first signal output of the device 100, signaling actuation of the device 100 and delivery of the plunger subassembly 126 toward the distal end of the device to indicate actuation of a drug delivery device.

FIGS. 9A-9C provide partial sectional views of the proximal end of the device embodiment 100, showing examples of spring forces caused by the actuation member released lock spring 184, and the actuation member spring 182. The arrows shown in the FIGS represent spring forces that are acting on the lateral actuation member toward its raised, pre-use position, and the actuation member depressed lock 124 toward a distal direction, respectively. FIG. 9A shows a partial sectional view of the proximal end of the device 100, during compression of the lateral actuation member 106 by a force on the actuation member, against the force of the actuation member spring 182. FIG. 9B shows the release of the plunger 112 following actuation of the actuation member 106, which removes the force holding the actuation member depressed lock 124 in a proximal position. Once the plunger 112 is released to move distally relative to the device 100, the actuation member depressed lock spring 125 provides a force on the actuation member depressed lock 124 as shown in the arrow superimposed over the actuation member depressed lock spring 125 in figs. 9A-9C, displacing the actuation member depressed lock 124 in a distal direction. FIG. 9C shows the actuation member depressed lock tab 126 interfacing with the lateral actuation member second tab 105, maintaining the lateral actuation member 106 in a depressed position following actuation.

FIGS. 10A-10B provide a partial sectional view of the proximal end of the device, during completion of the injection simulation. Once the plunger 112 has moved to its most distal position within the device 100, the rotatable member 118 rotates in a first direction. Rotation of the rotatable member 118 is controlled by or caused by a rotatable biasing member 122 force.

The rotatable member 118 rotates until a rotatable member tab 120 contacts a portion of the inner housing 102 as shown in FIG. 10B, preventing further rotation of the rotatable member 118. The interaction between the inner housing 102 and the rotatable member tab 120 shown in FIG. 10B causes a second signal output. The second signal output signals to a user completion of an injection simulation, in one non-limiting embodiment.

The signal outputs described herein may include audible signal outputs in non-limiting embodiments. When the signal outputs include audible outputs, the audible output may be caused by two or more mechanical components interacting within the device. For example, interactivity between a portion of the rotatable member 118 (namely, the rotatable member tab 120) and a portion of the inner housing 102 may cause an audible sound, a signal output, signaling completion of the simulated injection. Other examples of audible signal outputs may be provided, including, but not limited to one or more speakers. The signal outputs may also, or alternatively, include visual or tactile outputs, among other types of signaling methods, for example, including LED’s, transparent or translucent components of the device providing a view of the internal components and positions of each during use of the device to indicate to a user when a step in the simulation has occurred, for example movement of the rotatable member tab from a first position as shown in FIG 10A to a second position as shown in FIG. 10B may be visible to a user as a visual output to indicate completion of a simulated injection.

Signal outputs may be configured to signal initiation or completion of various steps in use of the device. In other non-limiting embodiments, a first signal output may occur when the safety shield is moved to its proximal position within the housing, allowing actuation of the lateral actuation member 106, which may cause a second signal output signaling initiation of an injection simulation. A third signal output may occur when the plunger subassembly is delivered to the distal end of the device, wherein the plunger receiver ridge 128 and inner housing ridge 130 interface. A fourth signal output may occur when the injection simulation is completed by way of interaction between the inner housing 102 and a rotatable member tab 120 (as described in greater detail herein) causing the fourth signal output under the force of the rotatable biasing member 122, in one non-limiting embodiment. The fourth signal output may signal completion of an injection simulation. Various combinations of signal outputs, whether audible, visual, tactile or otherwise may signal steps in the use of the device to guide a user through a simulation and confirm initiation and/or completion of steps. Moreover, these signal outputs may guide a user in correct use of the device, increasing compliance.

FIGS. 11A-11C include perspective view of the plunger 112 and the rotatable member 118 in order to show the interactivity between the components during use of the device, in particular, during actuation of the device. As can be seen in FIG. 11 A, the at least one plunger rail 114 on the plunger 112 maintains the rotatable member in a second direction, against the force of the rotatable biasing member 122. Once the plunger 112 is released as shown in FIG.

11B it moves distally during actuation of the simulation device 100 until the plunger rails 114 pass through the rotatable member 118. Once the plunger rails 114 traverse the rotatable member 118, the rotatable member 118 is allowed to rotate. Under the force of the rotatable biasing member, the rotatable member 118 rotates in the first direction until a portion of the rotatable member (i.e., rotatable member tab 120) abuts the inner housing 102 as shown in FIG.

11C resulting in the second signal output. In one non-limiting embodiment, the second signal out pout audibly signals completion of an injection simulation.

Following simulation, the device 100 is removed from the surface of the user. As a result of removal of the force on the distal end of the safety shield 104 by removing the distal end of the device 100 from a contact surface, the safety shield 104 extends to an extended, post-use position as shown in the side sectional view of the device in FIG. 13 A. FIG. 13C includes a view of the plunger subassembly with the plunger 112 showing its placement within the device 100. FIG. 13B shows a view of the device wherein the safety shield 104 has been retracted post simulation. Retraction of the safety shield 104 post simulation may occur by a force on the distal end of the safety shield 104, moving the safety shield in a proximal direction. In FIGS. 13A,

13B and 13C a ring member 150 is shown, the ring member 150 is rotatable around an inset portion 152 at the proximal end of the plunger receiver 127 of the plunger subassembly 126. The inset portion 152 includes one or more protuberances 154 for interacting with an inner surface of the ring member 150. The ring member 150 maintains axial and longitudinal movement within the inset portion 152. The ring member 150 includes one or more grooves on its inner surface which interface with the protuberances 154 of the inset portion 152. The ring member 150 also includes a projection 156 extending therefrom. The safety shield 104 includes a safety shield tab 158, wherein upon application of a force on the distal end of the safety shield 104 to move the safety shield 104 proximally, from an extended, post-use position, the safety shield tab 158 interfaces with the ring member projection 156, moving the plunger subassembly 126 proximally. This feature acts as a safety feature, so that no interaction with the plunger subassembly 126, or a possibly an injection member or injection simulation member, in some embodiments, located within a distal end of the inner portion of the device housing may be contacted by a user via the distal end of the device 100. In this manner, post use (post simulation), a force on the safety shield l04b distal end moves the safety shield 104 proximally into the device 100, but also, by the interface between the safety shield tab 158 and the ring member projection 156, this movement moves the plunger subassembly 126 proximally.

The safety shield tab 158 may be formed, in some embodiments, at least partially of a flexible material, such that it may bypass the ring member projection 156 when the safety shield 104 is extended following injection simulation (see FIGS. 12A-12B). In another embodiment, the safety shield tab 158 may include a shape such that it may bypass the ring member projection 156, when it moves in a first direction (distally) but cannot bypass the ring member projection 156 when it moves in a second direction (proximally).

In order to reset the device 100, as shown in FIG. 14A-14D, a reset cap 160, (which may act as a cap on the distal end of the device 100 to protect the device prior to use, but is removed before a simulation begins, for example), in one embodiment, is inserted into the distal end of the safety shield 104, such that a plunger interfacing portion 162 traverses an opening in the distal end of the safety shield 104 and the reset cap 160 is moved in a proximal direction relative to the device 100 until a safety shield interfacing portion 164 contacts the distal end of the safety shield 104. Continued movement of the reset cap 160 toward the device 100 causes the force on the safety shield 104 from the safety shield interfacing portion 164 to move the safety shield 104 proximally, and due to the interaction between the safety shield tab 158 and the ring member projection 156, the ring member 150 is also moved in a proximal direction relative to the plunger receiver 127. As a feature of the rotatable and moveable ring member 150 within the inset portion 152, and due to the interaction between the protuberances 154 of the inset portion, and their interaction with an inner surface of the ring member 150 as shown in FIG. 14E, the ring member 150 is rotated as it moves proximally during reset.

FIGS. 15A-15D provide views of a portion of the device 100 including the rotatable member 118 during reset. Movement of the plunger 112 in a proximal direction via the reset cap 160, causes the plunger rails 114 to interface with the rotatable member 118 moving the rotatable member 118 in a proximal direction as shown in FIG. 15B. The rotatable member 118 is rotated while it moves proximally by way of an interaction between one or more inner housing tabs 166 and a ramp 168 on an inner surface of the rotatable member 118 as shown in FIG. 16A-16D. Continual proximal movement of the rotatable member 118 by interface with the plunger 112 forces the ramp 168 to interface with the tabs 166 to rotate the rotatable member 118 in the second direction until the plunger rails 114 align with rotatable member notches 115 on an inner surface of the rotatable member 118, and the rotatable member tab 120 is consequently reset to a pre-use position. This operation may cause the rotatable biasing member 122 to become biased, energized, or wound, such that in a subsequent simulation, the rotatable biasing member 122 could be released causing the rotatable member to rotate. The reset cap 160 may be further moved proximally into the device 100, moving the plunger 112 proximally toward a reset position until the actuation member depressed lock 124, the actuation member released lock 108 and the lateral actuation member 106 are in the pre-use, reset position.

FIGS. 18A-18G include perspective views of the device embodiment 100, showing steps of use during an injection simulation and reset thereof. FIG. 18A shows the device 100 including outer housing 109, lateral actuation member 106 and reset cap 160 prior to use of the device 100. FIG. 18B shows the first steps in use of the device 100 by removing the reset cap (already removed in fig. 18B) and depressing the safety shield 104. FIG. 18C shows the subsequent steps in use of the device 100 by pressing the lateral actuation member 106, while maintaining the safety shield 104 in a depressed state, wherein upon actuating the device 100 a first signal output is provided to indicate actuation has occurred. FIG. 18D shows continued maintenance of the safety shield 104 depressed against a contact site (i.e. the user) until a second signal output is delivered to indicate injection simulation is complete. FIG. 18E demonstrates removal of the device 100 from the user, which allows the safety shield 104 to extend into an extended, post use position. FIG. 18F shows a force on the distal end of the safety shield 104 in its extended post-use position, to retract the safety shield 104, moving it toward the proximal end of the device while also retracting the plunger subassembly 126 proximally relative to the device 100. These steps may be used to reset the device to a pre-use position, in one embodiment, without the use of a reset cap. In another embodiment, these steps may be used to place the device in a safe-post use position by retracting the plunger assembly and the safety shield following use.

In some embodiments, the training device 100 may also include a vial to simulate a vial of a medicament containing drug delivery device. The vial may be associated with the plunger 112, such that it, too, would be retracted in this step, FIG. 18F. FIG. 18G shows insertion of a cap 160 onto the distal end of the device 100 following use of the device 100.

It should be borne in mind that all patents, patent applications, patent publications, technical publications, scientific publications, and other references referenced herein are hereby incorporated by reference in this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which the present invention pertains.

It is important to an understanding of the present invention to note that all technical and scientific terms used herein, unless defined herein, are intended to have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The techniques employed herein are also those that are known to one of ordinary skill in the art, unless stated otherwise. For purposes of more clearly facilitating an understanding the invention as disclosed and claimed herein, the following definitions are provided.

While a number of embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein in the present context, such embodiments are provided by way of example only, and not of limitation. Numerous variations, changes and substitutions will occur to those of skill in the art without materially departing from the invention herein. For example, the present invention need not be limited to best mode disclosed herein, since other applications can equally benefit from the teachings of the present invention. Also, in the claims, means-plus-function and step- plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures and acts, respectively, described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents or act equivalents, but also equivalent structures or equivalent acts, respectively. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims, in accordance with relevant law as to their interpretation.