SUBTERRANEAN SEAL

Inventors: David S. Bishop and Dennis E Kroll

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001 ] The field of the invention is high expansion packers and more particularly those that can be retrieved while using overlapping petals to form backup rings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] High expansion packers are used in through tubing applications where the packer or plug is then set in casing below the tubing through which it was delivered. Some designs provided cup shaped backup ring stacks that has staggered slots as between layers as an extrusion barrier in expansion ranges up to 25%. USP 6,827,150 is an illustration of one such design. Others are USP 7,128,145; US Publication 2004/0149429 and 2005/0115720. Other high expansion packer designs are US Re 32,831; 6,311,778; 6,318,461 and 6,164,375.

[0003] The high expansion designs have focused on the need to prevent extrusion as a result of the combination of high expansion and differential pressure. The stack of backup rings were deformed against the surrounding tubular in a way that made the high expansion plug of the prior design removable by milling it apart. What has been needed in high expansion applications is a retrievable design that performs as needed to prevent element extrusion under pressure differentials typically seen for such plugs.

[0004] The present invention addresses this issue by using an overlapping petal design for the backup rings but disposing the rings in a manner where the assembly has a low profile for run in and that guides the flexing of the petals toward the surrounding tubular when in the set position. Support is offered to the petals by a housing on one side and a tapered guide ring on another side. As a result the petals elastically deform to act as a backup to the sealing elements and when the plug is unset and the sealing elements are able to release from the surrounding tubular using the stored potential energy from the elastic deformation that occurred when the plug was set. Mirror image orientations of sealing elements and backup rings address differential pressures in opposed directions. Those skilled in the art will better understand the invention from a review of the description of the preferred embodiment and the associated drawings while recognizing that the full scope of the invention is determined by the claims appended below.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] A high expansion plug has multiple sealing elements and an extrusion barrier system that uses overlapping petals in a stack of rings. When setting the plug, the petals are elastically moved toward a surrounding tubular wall in an elastic deformation between a housing that surrounds the mandrel and a tapered ring on the mandrel. That sandwich controls the amount of deformation and allows a potential energy force to be stored in the petals that allows them to return toward their initial position when the set of the plug is released and the seals are allowed to relax and extend axially as they shrink radially. The plug can then be removed without milling. Expansions in the order of more than 25% of the initial seal dimension are contemplated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] FIGS, la- lb show the plug in the run in position;

[0007] FIGS. 2a-2b show the plug in the set position;

[0008] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the petal assembly extending into its supporting housing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0009] FIG. la is the upper end of the plug 10 while FIG. lb is the mirror image lower end of the plug 10. A mandrel 12 extends into both parts of FIG. 1 and supports the sealing element 14.

[0010] A backup ring 20 that is preferably PTFE or Amadil® is adjacent to a ramp ring 22. Both rings are mounted over the mandrel 12 and are slidably mounted with respect to the mandrel 12. Ring 21 sits on the mandrel 12 and is preferably made of PEEK. It is there to resist extrusion of the element 14 along the mandrel 12 as shown in FIG. 2. Together they present a barrier for the rubber element 14 to prevent extrusion under and between the petal rings 30 and 32. As seen in FIG. 3 the petal rings 30 and 32 are formed from elongated flat steel members that in each ring overlap an adjacent petal. As between rings the spacing is circumferentially staggered so that the petals of one ring are not in alignment with petals of an adjacent ring. While two overlapping rings are shown, other numbers of rings can be used without departing from the invention. The rings of elongated petals are fixed at one end to a base 34 that is disposed inside an annular space 28 defined between a sleeve 26 and the mandrel 12. Sleeve 26 has a taper 27 that selectively contacts the stacked rings 30 and 32 in the FIG. 2 set position on the opposite side from ramp surface 24. The sleeve 26 has an opening 36 through which the mandrel 12 extends so that both the sleeve 26 and the base 34 and the elongated petal rings 30 and 32 that are supported with the base 34 can all be moved when the plug 10 is set by holding the mandrel 12 and using a setting sleeve that is schematically represented as arrow 38 in FIG. la. In essence, FIG. la is the mirror image of FIG. lb as between the seal 14 and the associated sleeve 40. With this arrangement the seal 14 can be retractably set with expansion ratio of over 25%.

[0011 ] In the set position of FIG. 2 the petal rings 30 and 32 are up against the casing or tubular 42 with the end 44 of the sleeve 40 against the stacked rings 30 and 32 on one side and the seal 14 on the other side. The same goes on at the opposite hand where the ring stacks 30 and 32 are up against the sleeve 26 on one side and the seal 14 on the other side. What has happened as a result of the relative motion created by the setting tool, schematically illustrated as 38 pushing all the parts against a travel stop schematically represented by arrow 18, is that the stacked rings that extend beyond the respective sleeves 26 or 40 have been elastically deflected to contact the surrounding tubular 42 to function as a backup to the adjacent respective seal while at the same time the rings 30 and 32 have been provided with sufficient support from opposing sides to keep them against the tubular 42 in the set position while still allowing the rings to retract if the plug 10 is unset. The reason this happens is that the portion of the overlapping rings 30 and 32 that extend from the respective sleeves is simply elastically bent so that springing back is still possible. The support provided from opposed ends to the petal rings gives them the strength to serve as extrusion barriers in the set position while still being retractable. [0012] FIG. 3 shows two adjacent overlapping petals 46 and 48 from one ring and another petal 50 from an adjacent ring that is offset from both petals 46 and 48 to illustrate the juxtaposition of the adjacent rings of petals. The petals themselves are elongated preferably metallic structures that can have parallel sides or can flare toward the end extending from the adjacent sleeve. The sleeves can be secured for run in with shear pins or other breakable retainers. While mirror image configurations are preferred, other options are envisioned such as using only as single seal with the petal type backup to resist differential in a single direction rather than in the opposed directions as described above. Alternatively, there can be more than a single seal with the associated backup as described above that resists pressure differential in a given direction.

[0013] The above description is illustrative of the preferred embodiment and many modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention whose scope is to be determined from the literal and equivalent scope of the claims below.