RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority date from the US Application 15/715,136 filed on 2017-09-25 by the same inventor.

TECHNICAL FIELD

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Price of Gas "The average price of gas in February was $2.23 per gallon, which was the cheapest February average since 2009, The average in February 2014 was $3.34 per gallon", (last: to years average = $5.57 / 2 = $2.77 / per gallon}"

ne¾¾room.aaacom/tag/gas-prices/

That is, yearly expenses for consumers to fill their cars with gas represent

136.78 billion gallons x $2.77 / gallon = $378.88 billion /

US Oil import, expenses

"The United States imported approximately 9 million barrels per day ( Mbb!/d) of petroleum in 2014 from about 80 countries."

31.5 gallons /barrel x 9 million barrels = 283.5 Million gallons / day

103.5 billion gallons / year out of 136.78 billion gallons is imported.

BACKGROUND ART

Re: Regenerative Braking

Regenerative braking is the method of saving kinetic energy within the automobile's system during the braking process.

Traditionally, and prior to the recent attempts of providing a regenerative braking, automobiles energy consumption was grossly inefficient. When no kinetic energy of a moving automobile is saved within the system of the automobile by being converted into some other form of energy at the time of applying brakes, all that energy that was generated (for example by a combustion engine) and applied into giving this automobile a specific momentum, is lost. That energy is then lost into destruction of matter (brakes) and heat produced during that process. That heat is released into the atmosphere and the destructed material (brakes) eventually require replacement.

Known methods of regenerative braking (https; //en. wikipedia.org/ wiki/Regenerative brake ) or

"kinetic energy recovery system" (https://en.wiMpedia.org/wilri/Kinetic energy recovery system) include:

(a) fly wheel - proven not practical for the reason (too heavy, not allowing to easily change the direction of the automobile - horoscope effect - saving its own momentum of movement, loosing this saving energy with time) (b) electrical engine working in electrical generator mode, and

(c) a relatively new technology of keeping transformed kinetic energy within compressed gas tanks requiring a reworked transmission system, hydraulic pumps and several gas tanks.

Example

"The Hybrid Air Powertrain uses a hydraulic pump and a piston to compress the nitrogen gas in a tank called the high-pressure accumulator.

Hitting the accelerator releases the pressurized gas, which then moves hydraulic fluid through the same pump in reverse. The pump acts as a motor to power the wheels and the hydraulic fluid ends up in a second tank.

The Hybrid Air Car uses compressed nitrogen, which is held in a tank called the high-pressure accumulator.

A hydraulic pump and piston compress nitrogen in the accumulator.

When the nitrogen is released (by pressing the accelerator), the pump runs in reverse. Acting now as a motor, harnesses the energy of the moving hydraulic fluid to send power to the wheels. After the hydraulic fluid passes through the motor, it flows to the low-pressure accumulator, where it is stored for later use." (see pic. Car-runs-air)

The above described technology (c) forcing for replacing the power train, is in effect rebuilding the automobile. In contrast, the presented here invention is only requiring an addition to the existing automobile's wheels.

Re: Electric Cars

While the battery life keeps increasing with new inventions, the drawbacks are in the following. Electricity still has to come from somewhere. The most common way of generating electricity today is still by burning fossil fuels, i.e. gas, cole, and oil, which still pollutes the atmosphere and thus defeats the promise of green energy for electrical cars.

Regenerative braking within electrical cars.

The process of charging electrical batteries takes time. The efficiency of this process is low. The part of the amount of an automobile's kinetic energy (which is saved by an electrical motor working in generator mode) is insignificant for the reason of a relatively low amount of electricity generated in this mode and the speed at which a battery can accumulate the charge. The relatively small motor / generator within an automobile can not produce the same electrical power that is obtained from a high voltage electrical line being used to charge these batteries otherwise. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The tradition holds that a wheel is to be driven by some other device, i.e. an engine. The understanding that a wheel (a modified wheel - Re Wheel) can be its own engine, i.e. being able to convert an energy ot its own revlution into a potential energy within itself, then reuse this energy for its following revolution, and so on, is a new concept. While some enrgy is always lost within those transformation and while no device is 100% efficient, this concept is much better than throuwing the energy away into the heat going into atmosphere and into destruction of brakes.

The kinetic energy of the automobile is absolutely represented by the rotation of the wheel. While traditionally a wheel is the target of an engine, this device constructed on the wheel itself, is allowing the resulting wheel, in effect to serve as its own engine with a relatively high efficiency and relatively low losses of energy during such transformations.

To better understand the reasoning behind the invention please imagine the following abstruact case :

• (il) if there would be (abstructly) no losses of energy caused by the friction between the tire and the road AND

• (i2) if there would be (abstructly) no losses of energy due to the air resistance to the moving vehicle AND

• (i3) if the efficiency of this device could have been (abstractly) 100%

THEN giving an automobile an original momentum of movement, capturing all that kinetic energy during braking and then reapplying that same energy for acceleration, would require no additional power (electrical or combustion engine power).

It is, of course, not possible to have such ideal conditions (il), (2) and (i3) so an external power constantly substituting for those losses would always be needed. While some loss of energy is still unavoidable during the process of the conversion from the automobile's kinetic energy to the potential energy saved within the automobile, the efficiency of the energy conservation within the described here apparatus is much higher than can be provided by an electrical engine working in electrical generator mode.

The presented here invention is different from known in the art methods of conserving kinetic energy of automobile via regenerative braking. The apparatus of this invention is built on top of traditional automobile's wheels. Therefore, the only component affected when implementing this technology of energy conservation on the automobiles already on the road or newly constructed automobiles is the wheel and does not require the reconstruction of the entire power train like in the mentioned above example (c). Being built on the wheel, this technology offers the application to all the automobiles independent of the energy source used to power them. This technology is applicable to the existing on the road automobiles as well as to the construction of new automobiles.

The following are the effects of this technology :

• providing saving to the world's natural resources;

• minimizing air pollution done today by excessive use of combustion engines and by high use of electrical plants;

• allowing for less expenses to the auto users when powering their vehicles;

• providing additional power to automobiles on all the wheels where the device is installed;

• additionally, upgrading two wheels powered automobiles into four wheels powered automobiles with a higher powere on all the wheels;

This upgrade is possible for all existing types of automobiles, including the following:

• traditional combustion engine automobiles;

• electric automobile;

• hybrid automobiles;

• automobiles powered by any alternative source of energyl;

The use ofReWheel device requires the following three (3) simple steps to be done on either two (2) or all four (4) wheels of the automobile:

1. Taking off the original wheel

2. Putting the Re Wheel device on the place of the original wheel, and securing the stationary part of it to a described below part of an automobile;

3. Attaching the original wheel to the ReWheel device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Presented here invention can be readily understood by considering the following detailed description with the accompanying drawings. FIG 1-A The ReWheel Device - Preferred embodiment.

FIG 1-B Example of special blocks construction

FIG 2. The ReWheel Device - Alternative Embodiment 1.

FIG 3. The ReWheel Device - Alternative Embodiment 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to FIG.l, the ReWheel (Recovering Energy Wheel) device, of the shape of a cylinder, is added to the traditional automobile's wheel in the place between the traditional Rim and the traditional wheel Hub.

The ReWheel device operates like a powerful spring placed inside the automobile's wheel, transforming the kinetic energy of a moving automobile into potential energy of compressed gas during the braking process and then transforming back that potential energy of compressed gas into kinetic energy of the automobile during acceleration process.

The ReWheel device is connected to the Original Hub (40) sitting on the original wheel, by the Original Hub Connector (41). Original Hub Connector(41) extends the original axle by the Extended Wheel Axle (24), going all the way until the Secondary Hub Connector (44).

The Original Hub Connector (41), is taking the place that would normally be taken by the Original Tire Rim (42). The Original Tire Rim (42) with mounted on it Original Tire(43) is being connected instead to the Secondary Hub Connector (44).

The body of the device, ReWheel Body (100), is kept stationary by the Stationary Connector (110). The Stationary Connector (110) is, in turn, connected to the part of an automobile's tire suspension system, which is always stationary to the wheel's axle. It can, for example, be connected to the upper ball joint or its equivalent.

This FIG 1. shows two accumulators (10) located in the direction of radius coming out of the Extended Wheel Axle (24) , having their pressured gas side towards the axle. The ReWheel device can utilize multiple accumulators, each of them being connected to 3-Way- Valves (11) without changing the principle of the device's operation.

There are number of turbine-like components within this implementation of the ReWheel. One, is the Braking Turbine (31) and the others are the Accelerator Gears (21). This implementation shows two Accelerator Gears(21) standing on the opposite sides of the Central Gear (22), which is being driven by the Accelerator Gears(21). The Central Gear (22) is hard connected to and is rotating on the Extended Wheel Axle (24).

The Accumulators (10) are pre-charged with Pressured Gas (13), inert gas, like Nitrogen. Originally the other side of the

accumulator is not charged. The Pressured Fluid (12) then comes to the accumulator during the braking process and further compressing the Pressured Gas (13). Since the fluid we use in this implementation is oil which is virtually un-compressible under pressure, and since it can change its shape and direction based on the pipes it is going through, makes it a perfect conductor of force.

The 3-Way Valves (11) controlled by any mechanical or electronic device, are, in turn controlling the braking and acceleration of the automobile. They can be in any of the following 3 states: Neutral state - when all Braking (B) and Accelerating (A) valves are closed; Acceleration state, when braking valves (B) are closed and acceleration valves (A) are open, causing Fluid Stream at Acceleration Time (200), which in turn is causing the Accelerator Gears (21) to rotate faster, in turn rotating the Central Gear (22) ; and Braking state, when accelerating valves (A) are closed and braking valves (B) are opened, causing Fluid Stream at Braking Time (300), which is causing further compression of the Pressured Gas (13) and further charging the accumulators with potential energy of compressed gas (13), which process is in turn causing the automobile to brake as every force has a counter force.

The change in the state of the device, causing braking of the the automobile and transforming the energy from kinetic to potential is implemented as follows. At the neutral state of the device (no braking and no acceleration) the Braking Turbine (30), hard connected and positioned on the Extended Wheel Axle (24) is rotating along with the Original Tire (43). The fluid positioned between the Braking Turbine Blades (31) rotates without any pressure applied to it .

The Fluid inside the ReWheel device for the largest part is always located between the blades of the Braking Turbine (30) and in compressed state (12) within Accumulators (10).

Braking state.

When braking of the automobile is desired, the following is done: Port B of the 3-Way-Valve (11 ) is opened (port A can only be closed at this time]; and special blocks are set to move out and back in to block the free rotation of the fluid.

The movement of the blocks is synchronized with the rotation of the blades not to block the blades and to only block the liquid in between the blades. Blocking the liquid is putting pressure on the Braking Turbine Blades (31). Since the Braking Turbine (30) is placed on the same Extended Axle (24) as the Original Tire Rim (42), blocking the liquid works against the rotation of the Original Tire (43). The inertia of the moving car is creating the counter force, which in turn forces the Fluid Stream at Braking Time (300) in the accumulators (10) through the, open at this time, port B of the 3-Way- Valve.

Acceleration State.

When acceleration of the car is desired, port A of the 3-Way- Valve (11) is opened (port B can only be closed at this time).

The Pressured Gas (13) is then able to force the Pressured Liquid (12), creating the Fluid Stream at Acceleration Time (200) to hit the Blades of the Accelerator Gears (21). The Accelerator Gears (21) are in turn rotating the connected to them Central Gear (22), which is standing on the same Extended Axle (24) connected to the Original Rim (42). Used during the acceleration process liquid is then passed back to the Braking Turbine blades (31), via the Fluid Passage back to Braking Turbine (230). At this time the braking turbine is rotating without a load, with no pressure on its blades, as the Special Blocks are in the In-State, and with available space for the liquid in between its blades.

Neutral state.

Both ports of the 3-Way-Valves (11) are closed. The Special Blocks are in the In-state.

The Braking turbine and the Accelerator Gear (turbine) are rotating freely.

DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVE EMBODIMENTS

FIG 2. Shows Alternative Embodiment 1.

FIG 3. Shows Alternative Embodiment 2.

Both figures are showing two volumes within high pressure cylinders (accumulators). One side of each cylinder is filled with liquid and the other side with gas. In both figures the accumulators are used within the construction being an addition to the automobile wheel's rim and positioned on the extended automobile wheel's axle.

In both drawings, the gas compressed during the deceleration of the automobile serves as the storage of energy.

In both drawings the liquid is being the conduit of force between the pressure on the blades within the rotating turbines and compressed gas. At times the gas is referred to as "air", however the only important qualities of these components are "liquid" and "gas". An inert gas, i.e. nitrogen, is more appropriate in this case.

The turbines, sitting on the same axle as the wheel's rim, affect the rotation of the rim.

The difference between the two alternative embodiments, 1 and 2, is in the following.

Alternative Embodiment 1.

On the Fig.2 we are depicting two volumes, Acceleration volume and and Deceleration (braking) volume. Within this embodiment we have one turbine implementing reversible angle turbine blades. The blade's angle is changed depending on which mode, acceleration or deceleration (braking), the device is operating in.

Acceleration and Braking:

The blade's angle and the state of the intake / output ports of the volumes control the state of the device, accelerating, vs. decelerating (braking). The gears connecting the turbine with the rim, which are rotating on the same axle but with potentially different speed, control the speed of the braking and acceleration.

Alternative Embodiment 2.

On the Fig.3 - - we have depicted two turbines, the braking turbine on the left and the accelerating turbine on the right, with the two accumulators in between. Both the Rim, and the Accelerating Turbine on the right, are placed on the gears of the extended wheel's axle, i.e. always rotating with the same speed.

Acceleration:

The Compressed gas which is pressing on the liquid, which in turn is pressing on the specially angled blades of the acceleration turbine, is causing the acceleration. The used for acceleration liquid is then allowed to come in between the blades of the braking turbine, on the left. At this time the braking turbine and the liquid between its blades is freely rotating in the same direction as the acceleration turbine. This rotation is ensured by the liquid coming from the accelerating turbine and the angle of the blades of the braking turbine. Braking:

The reverse rotation direction mechanism is used to connect the freely rotating braking turbine with the sitting on the extended wheel's axle disk. That makes the braking turbine to start rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation of the wheel. The angle of the turbine's blades affect the liquid to be pushed in the direction opposite to where it came from, i.e. in the direction towards the accelerating turbine, which is sitting on, and is being locked to the extended wheel axle. The liquid is now pressing against the rotation of the accelerating turbine and therefore against the rotation of the wheel, which in turn is causing the automobile to brake.