In the construction of oil and gas wells, a borehole is drilled in a formation. Offshore platforms are used to facilitate drilling through formations over water. The offshore platform may float on the surface or may be fixed into the seabed. The floating platform may be moored using mooring lines and allowed to move up and down on the surface of the water. A floating platform generally has a riser arranged between the floating platform and a wellhead located on the seabed. The riser generally comprises a tubular body through which other tubes and fluids may pass and a tensioning system for tying the floating platform to the seabed at the wellhead.

The prior art discloses a variety of systems and methods for using surface acoustic wave tags or radio frequency identification tags in identifying items , including items used in the oil and gas industry such as drill pipe. (See e.g. U.S. Patents 4,698,631; 5,142,128; 5,202,680; 5,360,967; 6,333,699; 6,333,700; 6,347,292; 6,480,811; and U.S. Patent Applications Ser. Nos . 10/323,536 filed Dec. 18, 2002; 09/843,998 filed Apr. 27, 2001; 10/047,436 filed Jan. 14, 2002; 10/261,551 filed Sep. 30, 2002; 10/032,114 filed Dec. 21, 2001; and 10/013,255 filed Nov. 5, 2001; WO 2005/100733 all incorporated fully herein for all purposes . ) In many of these systems a radio frequency identification tag or "RFIDT" is used on pipe at such a location either interiorly or exteriorly of a pipe, that the RFIDT is exposed to extreme temperatures and conditions downhole in a wellbore. Often an RFIDT so positioned fails and is of no further use. Also, in many instances, an RFIDT so positioned is subjected to damage above ground due to the rigors of handling and manipulation.

PCT Publication Number WO 2005/100733 discloses a component for use in the drilling, construction, maintenance and repair of a well bore, the component comprising a body having wave energizable identification apparatus on the exterior of the body characterized in that the wave energizable identification apparatus is encased in an encasement, the encasement comprising at least one layer of heat resistant material

The present inventors have realized that, that substantial usefulness for a tubular identification system can be achieved by divorcing the desire for effective above-ground identification and operation from the goal of downhole accessibility.

This invention is directed to systems and methods for identifying risers used in wellbore operations ; in certain aspects , to risers with wave-energizable identification apparatus thereon; and, in certain aspects to identifying using wave-energizable apparatus such as, but not limited to, radio frequency identification devices or tags .

The present invention provides a riser comprising a riser body having an interior surface, an exterior surface, and two spaced-apart ends, at least one identification assembly on the riser body, the identification assembly having an assembly body and a wave energizable apparatus in the body, the assembly body having an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a channel therethrough in which is positioned part of the riser body, the assembly body releasably secured on the riser body, and the wave energizable apparatus positioned within the assembly body.

Preferably, the assembly body has two ends, the two ends connected together. Advantageously, the two ends of the assembly body are connected together by one of adhesive, fastener, and releasably cooperating fastener material. Preferably, each end is stepped so that the identification apparatus can accommodate risers of different diameters .

Advantageously, the assembly body has at least one recess for a strap. Preferably, a strap is within the at least one recess, the strap securing the identification assembly to the riser body. Advantageously, the strap has a portion that projects out of the at least one recess over the wave-energizable apparatus .

Preferably, the assembly body has at least one projection projecting therefrom. Advantageously, the wave- energizable apparatus is shielded by a shield within the assembly body. Preferably, wherein the at least one projection is a first projection positioned over the wave-energizable apparatus .

Advantageously, there is a recess in the assembly adjacent identification assembly for direction energy for energizing the wave-energizable apparatus to the wave energizable apparatus . This facilitates reading and transferring information from and to the identification apparatus, which may comprise a memory storage apparatus which can store various pieces of information.

Preferably, the wave-energizable apparatus includes information regarding the riser. Advantageously, the information includes information regarding at least one of the following: riser design information; riser identity information; riser use information; riser installation information; riser test information; riser quality control information; and riser observation information .

Preferably, the wave-energizable apparatus is shielded by a shield within the assembly body. Advantageosuly, the shield may be of any of the types disclosed herein.

The present inventnion also provides a method for identifying a riser, the riser having a riser body, the method comprising the steps of activating a wave- energizable apparatus that is releasably secured within an identification assembly on the riser body, and reading identity information from the wave-energizable apparatus to identify the riser.

The present invention discloses , in certain aspects , a riser with a riser body, the body having an exterior surface, two spaced-apart ends; wave-energizable identification apparatus on the exterior surface; the wave-energizable identification apparatus held on the body with holding apparatus which, in one aspect, is a fabric wrap of fabric material , the fabric material including heat-resistant non-conducting material; and the wave-energizable identification apparatus wrapped and positioned so that the wave-energizable identification apparatus does not contact the riser body.

In certain aspects , the present invention discloses such a riser in which the identification apparatus is held in place by a strap that encompasses the riser body.

The present invention, in certain aspects, provides an item, an apparatus, or a tubular, e.g. a piece of drill pipe, with a radio frequency identification tag either affixed exteriorly to the item, apparatus or tubular or in a recess in an end thereof so that the RFIDT is protected from shocks (pressure, impacts, thermal) that may be encountered in a wellbore or during drilling operations . In one particular aspect one or more RFIDT ' s are covered with heat and/or impact resistant materials on the exterior of an item. In one particular aspect, the present invention discloses systems and methods in which a piece of drill pipe with threaded pin and box ends has one or more circumferential recesses formed in the pin end into which is emplaced one or more radio frequency identification tags each with an integrated circuit and with an antenna encircling the pin end within A recess. The RFIDT (OR RFIDT 'S) in a recess is protected by a layer of filler, glue or adhesive, e.g. epoxy material, and/or by a cap ring corresponding to and closing off the recess. Such a cap ring may be made of metal (magnetic; or nonmagnetic, e.g. aluminum, stainless steel, silver, gold, platinum and titanium), plastic, composite, polytetrafluoroethylene , fiberglass, ceramic, and/or cermet. The RFIDT can be, in certain aspects, any known commercially-available read-only or read-write radio frequency identification tag and any suitable known reader system, manual, fixed, and/or automatic may be used to read the RFIDT.

The present invention, in certain aspects, provides an item, apparatus, or tubular, e.g. a piece of drill pipe, with one or more radio frequency identification tags wrapped in heat and impact resistant materials; in one aspect, located in an area 2 - 3" in length beginning H from the 18 degree taper of the pin and drill pipe tool joint so that the RFIDT (or RFIDT 's) is protected from shocks (pressure, impacts, thermal) that may be encountered on a rig, in a wellbore, or during wellbore (e.g. drilling or casing) operations. In one particular aspect, the present invention discloses systems and methods in which a piece of drill pie with threaded pin and box ends has one or more radio frequency identification tags each with an integrated circuit and with an antenna encircling the pin end upset area located exteriorly on the pipe , e.g. in an area V - 2V from a pin end 18 degree taper. The RFIDT (or RFIDT 's) is protected by wrapping the entire RFIDT and antenna in a heat resistant material wrapped around the circumference of the tube body and held in place by heat resistant glue or adhesive, e.g. epoxy material which encases the RFIDT. This material is covered with a layer of impact resistant material and wrapped with multiple layers of wrapping material such as epoxy bonded wrap material . Preferably this wrapping does not exceed the tool joint OD. The RFIDT can be (as can be any disclosed herein) , in certain aspects , any known commercially-available read-only or read-write radio frequency identification tag and any suitable know reader system, manual, fixed, and/or automatic may be used to read the RFIDT. Such installation of RFIDT ' s can be carried out in the field, in a factory, on a rig, with no machining necessary. Optionally, a metal tag designating a unique serial number of each item, apparatus, or length of drill pipe located under the wrap with the RFIDT (s) insures "Traceability" is never lost due to failure of the RFIDT (s). Replacement of failed RFIDT ' s can be carried out without leaving a location, eliminating expensive transportation or trucking costs. Optionally the wrap is applied in a distinctive and/or a bright color for easy identification. Determining whether an item, apparatus, or a tubular or a length of drill pipe or a drill pipe string is RFID-tagged or not is visibly noticeable, e.g. from a distance once the RFIDT 's are in place.

In certain particular aspects an RFIDT is encased in a ring of protective material whose shape and configuration corresponds to the shape of the pin end's recess and the ring is either permanently or removably positioned in the recess. Such a ring may be used without or in conjunction with an amount of protective material covering the ring or with a cap ring that protectively covers the RFIDT . Two or more RFIDT ' s may be used in one recess and/or there may be multiple recesses at different levels. In other aspects a ring is provided which is emplaceable around a member, either a generally cylindrical circular member or a member with some other shape.

With an RFIDT located in a pipe ' s pin end as described herein, upon makeup of a joint including two such pieces of pipe, an RFIDT in one pipe's pin end is completely surrounded by pipe material - including that of a corresponding pipe ' s box end - and the RFIDT is sealingly protected from access by materials flowing through the pipe and from materials exterior to the pipe. The mass of pipe material surrounding the enclosed RFIDT also protects it from the temperature extremes of materials within and outside of the pipe.

In other aspects [with or without an RFIDT in a recess] sensible material and/or indicia are located within a recess and, in one aspect, transparent material is placed above the material and/or indicia for visual inspection or monitoring; and, in one aspect, such sensible material and/or indicia are in or on a cap ring.

A pipe with a pin end recess as described herein can be a piece of typical pipe in which the recess is formed, e.g. by machining or with laser apparatus or by drilling; or the pipe can be manufactured with the recess formed integrally thereof. In certain particular aspects, in cross-section a recess has a shape that is square, rectangular, triangular, semi-triangular, circular, semi-circular, trapezoid, dovetail, or rhomboid.

It has also been discovered that the location of an RFIDT or RFIDT ' s in accordance with the present invention can be accomplished in other items, apparatuses, tubulars and generally tubular apparatuses in addition to drill pipe, or in a member, device, or apparatus that has a cross-section area that permits exterior wrapping of RFIDT (s) or circumferential installation of antenna apparatus including, but not limited to, in or on casing, drill collars, (magnetic or nonmagnetic) pipe, thread protectors, centralizers , stabilizers, control line protectors, mills, plugs (including but not limited to cementing plugs) , and risers; and in or on other apparatuses, including, but not limited to, whipstocks, tubular handlers, tubular manipulators, tubular rotators, top drives , tongs , spinners , downhole motors , elevators , spiders, powered mouse holes, and pipe handlers, sucker rods, and drill bits (all which can be made of or have portions of magnetizable metal or nonmagnetizable metal) . In certain aspects the present invention discloses a rig with a rig floor having thereon or embedded therein or positioned therebelow a tag reader system which reads RFIDT ' s in pipe or other apparatus placed on the rig floor above the tag reader system. All of such rig- floor-based reader systems, manually-operated reader systems, and other fixed reader systems useful in methods and systems in accordance with the present invention may be, in certain aspects, in communication with one or more control systems, e.g. computers, computerized systems, consoles, and/or control system located on the rig, on site, and/or remotely from the rig, either via lines and/or cables or wirelessly. Such system can provide identification, inventory, and quality control functions and, in one aspect, are useful to insure that desired tubulars, and only desired tubulars , go downhole and/or that desired apparatus , and only desired apparatus , is used on the rig. In certain aspects one or more RFIDT ' s is affixed exteriorly of or positioned in a recess an item, apparatus, or tubular, e.g., in one aspect, in a box end of a tubular. In certain aspects antennas of RFIDT ' s in accordance with the present invention have a diameter between one quarter inch to ten inches and in particular aspects this range is between two inches and four inches. Such systems can also be used with certain RFIDT ' s to record on a read-write apparatus therein historical information related to current use of an item, apparatus or of a tubular member; e.g., but not limited to, that this particular item, apparatus, or tubular member is being used at this time in this particular location or string, and/or with particular torque applied thereto by this particular apparatus .

In other aspects, a pipe with a pin end recess described therein has emplaced therein or thereon a member or ring with or without an RFIDT and with sensible indicia, e.g., one or a series of signature cuts, etchings, holes, notches, indentations, alpha and/or numeric characters, raised portion (s) and/or voids, filled in or not with filler material (e.g. but not limited to, epoxy material and/or nonmagnetic or magnetic metal, composite, fiberglass, plastic, ceramic and/or cermet) , which indicia are visually identifiable and/or can be sensed by sensing systems (including, but not limited to, systems using ultrasonic sensing, eddy current sensing, optical/laser sensing, and/or microwave sensing) . Similarly it is within the scope of the present invention to provide a cap ring (or a ring to be emplaced in a recess) as described herein (either for closing off a recess or for attachment to a pin end which has no such recess) with such indicia which can be sensed visually or with sensing equipment.

It is within the scope of this invention to provide an item, apparatus, or tubular member as described herein exteriorly affixed RFIDT (s) and/or with a circular recess as described above with energizable identification apparatus other than or in addition to one or more RFIDT ' s ; including, for example one or more surface acoustic wave tags ("SAW tags") with its antenna apparatus in the circular apparatus . New, useful, unique, efficient, nonobvious devices, risers with apparatus for identification and/or for tracking, inventory and control and, in certain aspects, such risers employing identification device (s), e.g. wave-energizable devices, e.g., one or more radio frequency identification tags and/or one or more SAW tags ;

New, useful, unique, efficient, nonobvious devices, systems and methods for apparatus identification, tracking, inventory and control and, in certain aspects, such systems and methods employing identification device (s), e.g. one or more RFIDT and/or one or more SAW tags ;

Such systems and methods in which a member is provided with one or more exteriorly affixed RFIDT ' s and/or one or more recesses into which one or more identification devices are placed;

Such systems and methods in which the member is a cylindrical or tubular member and the recess (or recesses) is a circumferential recess around either or both ends thereof, made or integrally formed therein;

Such systems and methods in which filler material and/or a cap ring is installed permanently or releasably over a recess to close it off and protect identification device (s) ;

Such systems and methods in which aspects of the present invention are combined in a nonobvious and new manner with existing apparatuses to provide dual redundancy identification;

Such systems and methods in which a sensing- containing member (flexible or rigid) is placed within or on an item; and such systems and methods which include a system on, in, or under a rig floor, and/or on equipment, for sensing identification device apparatus in accordance with the present invention. For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings , in which :

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a system with a riser with riser sections in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2A is a perspective view of a riser section in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2B is an enlarged view of the riser shown in Figure 2A;

Figure 3A is a perspective view of an identification assembly for a riser section in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 3B is a cross-section view along line 3B-3B shown in Figure 3A;

Figure 3C is an enlarged sectional view of part of the assembly shown in Figure 3D;

Figure 3D is a cross-section view along line 3D-3D shown in Figure 3A;

Figure 3E is a cross-section view along line 3E-3E shown in Figure 3D;

Figure 4A is a cross-section view of a shield used in a riser section in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 4B is a side view of the shield shown in Figure 4A;

Figure 4C is a bottom view of the shield shown in Figure 4A;

Fig 4D is an end view of the shield shown in Figure 4A within a tube;

Figure 4E is a perspective view of the shield shown in Figure 4A;

Figure 5 shows in cross-section shields used in riser sections in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 6 shows in cross-section shields used in riser sections in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 1OA is a cross-section view of a riser identification assembly in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 1OB is a cross-section view of a riser identification assembly in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 1OC is a cross-section view of a riser identification assembly in accordance with the present invention .

Figure 1 illustrates a system 800 in accordance with the present invention which has an offshore drilling and/or production system 821 including a drilling conductor or riser 823 extending between subsea well equipment 825, and a floating rig, ship, or vessel, such as, for example, a dynamically positionable vessel 827.

The drilling riser pipe or conductor 823 has multiple riser sections 829 connected together by joints 831 and extending between a sea bottom S and the vessel 827. A tensioning system 833 located on an operational platform 835 of the vessel 827 provides both lateral load resistance and vertical tension preferably applied to a slip or tensioning ring 839 attached to the top of the riser 823 and below a telescopic joint 841. The telescopic joint 841 decouples the vessel 827 and riser 823 from vertical motions . The riser 823 is further connected at its distal end to a lower marine riser package ("LMRP") 843. The LMRP 843 is releasably yet rigidly connected to a blowout preventer ("BOP") 845. The BOP 845 is fixedly connected to the upper section of a wellhead 849. The lower section of the wellhead 849 connects to a wellhead conductor 851 which extends downwardly through the subsea floor S .

Each riser section 829 has an identification assembly 810 in accordance with the present invention with wave-energizable identification apparatus . Some or all but one of the assemblies 810 may be deleted. A lowermost riser section 829a has two assemblies 810 (as may be true for any riser or riser section in Figure 1 and for any riser or riser section disclosed herein) .

The apparatuses 810 may be any identification apparatus disclosed herein in accordance with the present invention .

Figure 2A shows a riser 860 in accordance with the present invention with three sections 860a, 860b and 860c with clamp sets 862, a top flange 863, a bottom flange 864 and a choke line 865a and a kill line 865b (the lines held by the clamp sets 862) . The lowermost section 860c has an identification assembly 870 in accordance with the present invention around the tubular circumference of the riser section. Optionally, the sections 860a and 860b have wave-energizable identification apparatuses 871 which are like any wave-energizable identification apparatus disclosed herein.

Optionally, straps 869 secure the apparatus 870 to the riser section 860c. These straps may be made of any suitable material, e.g., but not limited to, metal (e.g. steel) , fiberglass, plastic (e.g. nylon) , or composite material. In one particular aspect the straps are SMART BAND (TRADEMARK) flexible bands commercially available from HCL Fasteners UK.

Figure 3A shows the identification apparatus 870 which has a body 872 with an interior surface 874 and an exterior surface 876. In one aspect, the body 872 is a single integral piece, e.g. moulded plastic moulded as a single part. In one aspect, as shown in Figures 3C and 3D, the body 872 has two ends 878a and 878b which, initially, are spaced- apart to facilitate emplacement of the body 872 around a riser. Upon installation on a riser, the ends 878a, 878b are brought together and connected together, e.g. with any known connection material or structure, e.g., but not limited to, with adhesive material 873 or, optionally, a screw (or screws) 879a and/or, optionally, amounts of selectively connectible releasably cooperating fastener material 877a connected to the end 878a and amount 877b connected to the end 878b. In one aspect, as shown, the releasably cooperating fastener material overlaps and seals off a junction 875 between the ends 878a, 878b. Optionally, spaces 871a, 871b are provided between parts of ends 878a, 878b (which as shown are stepped ends) so that a single body 872 can accommodate a riser of different outer diameters, for example, from 53cm (21 inches) and 54.5cm (21.5 inches).

Optionally, the body 872 has a recess or recesses 889 for receiving and positioning a strap or straps (e.g. straps 869 to secure the body 872 around a riser.

Optionally, the body 872 has one, two or more projections 882 connected thereto or, as shown in Figures 3A, 3B, and 33E, formed integrally thereof. In one aspect the projection (s) are located to direct impact loads away from assemblies 890 and to absorb a force or load applied to the body adjacent a wave-energizable identifier (e.g. a tag) embedded in the body 872, e.g. a tag assembly 890. As shown in Figure 3B, a recess 887 with tapered sides 887a between the two projections 882 directs or focuses to the assemblies 890 energy transmitted to the assemblies 890.

Figures 1OA to 1OB, discussed below, show various shapes and configurations for a body like the body 872. It is within the scope of the present invention to use one, two, three, four, five, six or more identification assemblies 890 in the body 872 or in any body or any assembly in accordance with the present invention. In one particular aspect assemblies 890 are about 15cm long (six inches) .

The tag assembly 890 (any identification wave- energizable tag disclosed or referred to herein) is surrounded by the body 872.

In one particular aspect, the body 872 is made of flexible polyurethane foam and is held on a riser with high tensile strength steel straps or with flexible nylon straps. It is within the scope of the present invention for the tag assembly 890 to include a shield around a wave-energizable apparatus, e.g. as disclosed in co- pending U.S. Application Ser. No. 12/317,246 filed Dec. 20, 2008, co-owned with the present invention and fully incorporated herein for all purposes . For example , a tag 890a with a wave-energizable apparatus 890b may be shielded by a shield 912 with the tag 890a in a recess 922 of the shield 912 (as shown in Figure 4A) .

In one aspect a shield 912 is made of plastic, e.g. polyoxymethylene (e.g., in one particular aspect, Dupont DELRIN (trademark) material) . The recess 922 can be machined into the material .

In one aspect, as shown in Figure 4D, a wave- energizable assembly 890c is placed in a recess 922 of a shield 912 and then the shield apparatus combination is inserted into or wrapped with a tube 924, e.g. a tube of shrink wrap material. The resulting structure is then placed on and/or taped to a riser or embedded in a body, like the body 872. In one aspect, the shield with the assembly is wrapped with heat shrink material which encompasses a riser. In one aspect any material described herein is used for the tube and for the wrap. In one aspect crosslinked polyethylene shrink wrap material (or "XLPE") is used. Heat is applied to the material which heats and shrinks and the is allowed to cool. One, two or more additional wrap layers can be applied.

In one aspect the shield with the wave-energizable apparatus is set on a riser or a body like the body 872 and material is wrapped around the shield to connect the shield and its wave-energizable apparatus riser or the body.

A shield (like the shield 912) in accordance with the present invention can be of any desired cross- sectional shape and a wave-energizable apparatus can be of any desired cross-sectional shape (or encasing material around such an apparatus can be of any desired shape) . Figure 5 illustrates shields 912a, 912b, 912c, 912d and 912e of different cross-sectional shapes with wave-energizable apparatuses, respectively, 910a, 910b, 910c, 91Od, 91Oe, and 91Of of different cross-sections. One shield may house mutliple wave-energizable apparatuses .

Figure 6 shows shields 912f, 912g, 912h and 912i with, respectively, recesses 922f, 922g, 922h and 922i for housing a wave-energizable apparatus . A wave- energizable apparatus may be held in a shield recess by a friction-fit and/or with adhesive. Optionally a shield recess may have holding lips like the lips 9221 of the shield 912h and the lips 922m of the shield 912i.

In accordance with the present invention an energizable identification apparatus can be applied to, connected to, or disposed on a member using a solid mass within which is located the energizable identification apparatus (e.g., but not limited to, a mass as disclosed in pending U.S. Application Ser. No. 12/317,246 filed Dec. 20, 2008) . Figure 7 shows a mass 951 of material within which is an energizable identification apparatus 959. The mass 951 (and the masses 1141 and 1151) is sized and configured for insertion into a recess, notch, hollow, space, channel or opening of a riser or riser section, or it can be connected and/or strapped thereon. The mass 951 can be held in place with a friction fit and/or adhesive, glue, welding, and/or tape and/or with a body like the body 872. The material of the mass 951 (and the masses 1141 and 1151) can be metal, plastic, composite, wood, ceramic, cermet, gel, aerogel, silica aerogel, fiberglass, nonmagnetic metal, or polytetrafluoroethylene . The material can be rigid and relatively unbending or it can be soft and/or flexible. An enlarged end 951a of the mass 951 is optional.

Figure 8 shows a mass 1151 (made, e.g. of any material mentioned for the mass 951) with an energizable identification apparatus 1159 therein. The energizable identification apparatus 1159 has an antenna 1158 extending from the energizable identification apparatus 1159 and disposed within the mass 1551. With a flexible or sufficiently non-rigid mass 1151 (and with the mass 951) a slit or recess 1157 of any desired length within the mass 1151 may be provided for inserting the energizable identification apparatus 1159 and antenna 1158 into the mass 1151 and/or for removable emplacement of the energizable identification apparatus 1159.

Figure 9 shows a mass 1141 (e.g. like the masses 951, 1151 and made of the materials mentioned above) with an energizable identification apparatus 1142 therein (or it may, in accordance with the present invention, be thereon) . The mass 1141 has a recess 1143 sized, located, and configured for receipt therein of a part or a portion of a riser, riser section or body like the body 872 to facilitate installation of the mass 1141. A friction fit between the mass 1141 and a part or portion can hold the mass 1141 in place and/or connectors, fasteners and/or adhesive may be used to hold the mass 1141 in place.

Figure 1OA shows a riser identification assembly 1160 in accordance with the present invention (like the assembly 870 in general shape and configuration as shown in Figure 3A) with a body 1162 having a projection 1163. The projection 1163 has two spaced-apart recesses 1164 for receiving and holding straps (like the straps 869) . A portion 1163a of the projection 1163 is over (as viewed in Figure 10A) a wave-energizable apparatus 1165. The recesses 1164 are located so that they are not over the apparatus 1165.

Figure 1OB shows a riser identification assembly 1170 (like the assembly 870 in general shape and configuration as shown in Figure 3A) with a body 1172 having a projection 1173 partially over a wave- energizable apparatus 1175. A strap 1176 resides partially in a recess 1174 over the apparatus 1175. In one aspect in accordance with the present invention the strap 1176 does not project beyond an exterior surface of the projection (as may any strap herein be sized and located) . In another aspect, as shown in Figure 1OB, the strap 1176 (as may any strap herein project beyond a recess and/or a surface) projects beyond an exterior surface of the projection 1173. In one aspect the strap 1176 is wider than the apparatus 1175.

Figure 1OC shows a riser identification assembly 1180 with a body 1182 having two strap recesses 1184 and a projection 1186. The projection 1186 may be, as shown, wider than a wave-energizable apparatus 1185 within a shield 1187 (any shield disclosed herein may be used) .

This PCT application claims priority from US Application No. 12/322,349 and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Application Serial No. 12/317,073 filed 12/18/2008 and of U.S. Application Serial No. 11/255,160 filed 10/20/2005 (issued 4as U.S. Patent 7,484,625 on 02/03/2009) , both of which are a continuation-in-part of U.S. Application Serial No. 11/059,584 filed 02/16/2005 (issued as U.S. Patent 7,159,654 on Jan. 9, 2007) which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Application Serial No. 10/825,590 filed 04/15/2004 (abandoned) - from all (applications and patents) of which the present invention and application claim the benefit of priority under the Patent Laws and all of which are incorporated fully herein in their entirety for all purposes