The Otto and Diesel cycles are the most employed in reciprocating engines: the Otto cycle is employed also in Wankel rotary engine.

The application of internal combustion engines is widespread where power from rotating motion is needed.

BACKGROUND ART A basic mechanism for carrying out mechanical power from four-phase thermodinamic cycle in reciprocating motors, is a linear cylindrical chamber with variable volume (the cylinder), where a piston is propelled by the expansion of the fluid during the power phase: the linear motion is transformed in rotation by means of crankshaft and connecting rods.

Because each phase is realized in one linear stroke of the piston (up and down) corresponding to an half revolution of the shaft, a complete four- phase cycle is accomplished in two revolutions.

The major drawbacks in the four-phase reciprocating motors are: -uncompleted expansion of the fluid, because the largest expansion volume is equal to the intaked volume. The consequent pressure drop generates a loss of usable work, still available in the fluid ; -concentration of mechanical stresses in a limited arc of the shaft rotation; -vibrations in the frame of the motor, caused by the reciprocating motion.

In addition to reciprocating motors, there are also rotary internal combustion engines, wich eliminate some of the drawbacks above mentioned : the most known is the WRCE= Wankel Rotary Combustion Engine.

A Wankel unit is based on a stationary peripheral housing, where the rotor moves inside an epitrochoidic curve and propels its eccentric shaft around the rolling motor shaft.

The main advantages of this solution are: -a good reduction of the level of vibration; -a mechanical semplification, because the valves, camshaft, lifter rods and timing belts are eliminated.

However, there are some important limitations, as for exemple : -the Wankel is an Otto cycle motor, with the handicap already mentioned about the expansion (power) phase; -very small crank in the torque transmitted by the eccentric shaft to the rolling one: so it is necessary to generate one important mechanical force to achieve the desired value of the torque; -limited number of complete cycles in one revolution of the rotor (no more than three).

Information about WRCE are available on the Internet site http: \\ www. monito. com \ wankel \ rce. html.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The invention permits the realization of a complete four-phase cycle in one revolution, by means of a very simple mechanical structure.

The basic mechanism is made up of one air compressor and one internal combustion motor (both rotary and equipped with vanes), strictly integrated so that they have the same statoric frame and the same rotor. The schematic drawings that give an illustration of the mechanical structure are: Fig. 1 is a front-view, and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the common stator: on the superior side is placed a pair of vanes (linked to the stator) switchable between two positions-"open"and"closed"-but normally"closed".

Fig. 3 is a front-view, and Fig. 4 is a cross-section, of the common rotor, wich has a pair of fixed vanes.

Fig. 5 is a perspective-view of stator and rotor assembled.

The parts pointed out are: 1-switchable vanes for motor and compressor; 2-side-wall of cilindrical annular chamber of the motor; 3-separating wall between motor and compressor ; 4-cross-section of cylindrical annular chamber of the motor; 5-cross-section of cylindrical annular chamber of the compressor; 6-pair of vanes fixed to the rotor ; 7-slot for housing the separating wall between motor and compressor; 8-disk of the rotor; 9-shaft of the system; 1 0-rotoric surface of annular chambers.

The assembly of stator and rotor, the separating wall, the rotoric vanes, and the statoric vanes in closed position, all these define four annular cylindric chambers, the volume of which is variable with the angular position of the rotor. Both in motor and compressor, Chamber 1 is delimited by the statoric vane in closed position, and the rotoric vane; Chamber 2 is delimited by the rotoric vane, and the statoric vane in closed position.

The motor is completed by the addition of these devices (parts): -valve for the immission of compressed air from the compressor; -injector of fuel ; -spark plug ; -exhaust port; and the compressor is completed by the addition of these devices: -intake port; -valve for the emission of compressed air to the motor.

In this basic unit each chamber is always assigned to the same phase: the four phases are simultaneously in evolution in the system: a settled volume of fluid evolves along the phases passing from one chamber to the successive one: at the end of each revolution, one settled intaked volume completes its cycle.

The sequence of"events in the motor"is described in Fig. 6 and in this table : angle of Chamber 1 Chamber 2 rotoric vane event event AO rotary vane passing through rotary vane passing through A1 intake of compressed air exhaust (former combustion) A2 fuel injection""" A3 explosion of the mixture""" A4 combustion-expansion A5 rotary vane passing through rotary vane passing through The sequence of"operating state for each device in the motor"is : angle of switching valve of injector spark exhaust rotoric statoric immission plug port ane vane air compress.

AO open closed inactive off open A1 closed open inactive off" A2 closed closed active off" A3 closed closed inactive on" A4 closed closed inactive off" A5 open closed inactive off" The sequence of"events in the compressor"is described in Fig. 7 and in this table: angle of Chamber 1 Chamber 2 rotoric vane event event AO rotary vane passing through rotary vane passing through A1, A2, A3 intake compress. of prior intaked air A4 end of intake emission air compressed A5 rotary vane passing through rotary vane passing through

The sequence of"operating state of devices of the compressor"is : angle of switching intake valve for emission rotary vane statoric vane port air compressed AO open open closed A1, A2, A3 closed"closed A4 closed"open A5 open"closed Notes. In the above situations is necessary to put a small tank interfacing the emission and the immission valve of compressed air, because the compressed air is available a short time before its utilisation in the motor: it is possible to transfer directly that air, with small modification of the project.

If the volume of the expansion chamber (chamber 1 in the motor) is equal to the volume of intake (chamber 1 of the compressor), the system generates cycles of the Otto type; if it is larger (for exemple about twofold) the cycles generated are of the Lenoir type.

All the devices wich take part in the cycle are placed in a single box linked to the stator. The indicated drawings show their position: -V1-switching vane open; (Fig. 9, Fig. 10) -V2-switching vane closed ; (Fig. 9, Fig. 10) -1-motor : exhaust port; (Fig. 8, Fig. 9) -2-motor:valve for immition of air compressed; (Fig.8, Fig.9) -3-motor: injector; (Fig.8, Fig.9) 4-motor : spark plug ; (Fig. 8, Fig. 9) -5-compressor : valve for emission of air compressed; (Fig. 8, Fig. 10) -6-compressor : intake port ; (Fig. 8, Fig. 10) -7-motor and compressor: shaft of switching vanes ; (Fig. 8) The devices 2,3,4,5,7 are driven by a group of cams linked to the rotor : the linkage is realized with traditional technology, but whithout the necessity of camshaft and timing belts.

The volumetric efficiency of this motor is mainly determined by the loss of fluid leaving the system.

The adopted solution to hold up these leaks, is forcing them through a path, thin and with many obstacles; and to exit through a final very small opening. These combined effects reduce the volume of losses.

The path is described in Fig. 11, where a cross section of the motor side is described. The details are: -1-box for vanes, valves and ports; -2-side-wall of stator; -3-vane of rotor; 4-disk of rotor; -5-junction between rotor and stator, with round spring washers; -6-fixed external wall, with labyrints ; -7-shaft ;

-8-protection for bearing; -9-details of the junction.

The path of the leaks starts at the air gap in the junctions between rotor and stator; where obstacles to the deflux are realized by round spring washers, crossing the gap when pushed against their seats by internal pressure.

The intermediate path is made up of a series of thin annular labyrints with decreasing diameters, who has the effect of lengthening the path and dropping the fluid pressure.

Finally, the leaks are forced to exit through gap-rings around the shaft, where the opening is minimal, and the speed is also minimal after the drop of pressure caused by the labyrinths. Filling the path with lube oil, the speed of the leaks is further decreased because of its specific weight and viscosity: finally, the loss of fluid is small.

The oil coming out is recicled at each revolution, realizing a"dinamic gasket".

Leaks between two complementary chambers are cut off by compression rings around the vanes, similar to that of pistons.

The possibility, offered by this motor, of using the cycle Lenoir-Clerk instead of the Otto cycle, increases the thermodinamic efficiency; because the expansion (power) phase utilizes all the pression and power available in the fluid. For exemple, in Fig. 12 the expansion volume is nearly two-fold the volume of intaked air.

In the Pressure-Volume diagram of the fluid along the complete cycle, the symbols have this meaning: -PA-atmospheric pressure; -VA-volume of the air intaked; -VC-volume of the intake after the compression; -PC-pressure after the compression; -PE-pressure at point of explosion, given to VC by the explosion; -VE-volume of the fluid at the end of expansion.

A supplementary contribution to the thermic efficiency of this solution, is given by the closeness between motor and compressor; the natural transfer of heat from one to the other increase the temperature and the pressure of the compressed air.

As a whole, the total efficiency of this motor can be considered equivalent to the efficiency of the usual internal combustion engines.

The illustrated idea permits the realisation of more comlete cycles in the same revolution. By increasing the rotation diameter, and the length of the related circumference, it is possible to use three (for exemple) equal arcs in order to obtain complete cycles under different patterns.

The first pattern consists in distributing three equidistant boxes for vanes (and complementary devices), along the stator; the rotor has only one fixed vane. This system generates three complete and consecutive cycles in one revolution.

The second pattern consists in distributing three equidistant boxes for vanes, along the stator: the rotor has three equidistant fixed vanes.

This system generates three complete and contemporaneous cycles in one third of revolution, or nine cycles in one revolution.

The third pattern consists in a stator with one box for vanes, but the rotor has three equidistant vanes.

This system generates three complete and consecutive cycles in one revolution (similar to the Wankel engine).

Another way to obtain more powered motors consists in the assembling of more basic units on the same shaft, with their rotors mounted at different angles from one another.

Finally, it is possible to project engines where stator and rotor have different diameters, in order to achieve special performances.

In short, the advantages performed are: -little vibrations, less noise, mechanical simplycity, better efficiency, that are typical of all rotary motors; -less vibrations and noise, in comparison with eccentric rotors (Wankel type); and torque with larger crank and smaller pressure inside.

-greater facility in obtaining high powered motors and engines with special characteristics.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Fig. 1-Main components of stator, front view.

Fig. 2-Main components of stator, cross-section.

Fig. 3-Main components of rotor, front view.

Fig. 4-Main components of rotor, cross-section.

Fig. 5-Perspective view of the assembled system.

Fig. 6-Angular diagram of the phases of the motor.

Fig. 7-Angular diagram of the phases of the compressor.

Fig. 8-Top-view of the single box holding the switchable vanes and additional devices necessary to carry out the cycles.

Fig. 9-Cross-section AA of the motor side of the single box; are illustrated the position of statoric vane, the exhaust port, the position of the valve for immition of compressed air, the positions of injector and spark plug.

Fig. 10-Cross section BB of the compressor side of the single box; are illustrated the position of statoric vane, the position of the valve for the emission of compressed air, the intake port.

Fig. 11-Cross-section of the system, referred to the motor side. In this drawing is illustrated the path of the leaks, with labyrints : it is also visible a zoom of one of the junctions between rotor and stator, with the incapsuleted round spring washers.

Fig. 12-"Pressure-Volume"diagram of the fluid in a complete cycle Lenoir- Clerc : each of the four portion of the diagram is equivalent to one phase of the cycle. In particular: -the segment AB is equivalent to the intake (at constant pressure):-the line BC is equivalent to the the compression (at variable pressure and volume) : -the segment Ca is equivalent to the emission (at constant pressure) of compressed air and contemporary immission in the tank interfacing the motor :-the segment aC is equivalent to the tacking (at constant pressure) of compressed air from the interfacing tank, and contemporary immission in the motor :-the segment CE is equivalent to the explosion (at constant volume) :-the line ED is equivalent to the combustion and expansion (at pressure and volume variable) :-the segment DA is equivalent to the exhaust (at constant pressure).

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION It is necessary to project and build up a small prototipe of the basic unit (one complete cycle in one revolution) of about 50 KW.

The tests on the prototype will be finalized to mesure first of all the volumetric, operative and total efficiency; then, to mesure the values of power and of torque as a function of rotary speed.

These actions require little investments and are feasible by small laboratories.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The applicability of this invention is very large, especially in small powered basic unit (a complete cycle in one revolution). It is easy to couple these engines with other portable rotating machines for many various uses; for exemple, motor compressors, motorpumps and motor generators of electricity.

The application of this solution will be good also for motor-cycles, motor- scooters, etc.