RATLIFF FRANK W (US)
BERG DAVID A (US)
ROGERS MICHAEL L (US)
JOHNSTONE III ALBERT E (US)
RATLIFF FRANK W (US)
BERG DAVID A (US)
ROGERS MICHAEL L (US)
US7032353B2 | 2006-04-25 | |||
US5653065A | 1997-08-05 | |||
US5179971A | 1993-01-19 |
CLAIMS
It is claimed:
1. An apparatus comprising: a shaft extending vertically through the apparatus, the shaft mounted to a base, the
base fixed relative to the ground
a swivel joint assembly mounted in the base coaxially with the shaft, the swivel joint
assembly rotatably connecting fixed utility lines extending into the base with corresponding
utility lines secured within the apparatus
a first story defining a first enclosed living area, the first story rotatably supported, at
least in part, via the shaft
a first drive mechanism adapted to rotate the first story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the first story
a second story defining a second enclosed living area, the second story rotatably
supported, at least in part, via the shaft
a second drive mechanism adapted to rotate the second story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the second story.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second drive mechanism operates independently
from the first drive mechanism.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second story is adapted to rotate about the shaft at a
different speed than the first story.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each story includes a plurality of utility ports connected to the corresponding fixed utility lines via the shaft.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the plurality of utility ports include a natural gas port, a
clean water port, a sewer port, and an electrical service port.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein each story includes a sensor adapted to detect if water or
gas is leaking between one of the plurality of utility ports and one of the corresponding fixed
utility lines.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each story includes windows defining a circumference
of each story.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base has a chamber extending below ground level,
the swivel joint assembly mounted in the chamber.
9. An apparatus comprising: a shaft extending vertically through the apparatus, the shaft mounted on a base, the
base fixed relative to the ground
a swivel joint assembly mounted in the base coaxially with the shaft, the swivel joint
assembly rotatably connecting fixed utility lines extending into the base with corresponding
utility lines secured within apparatus, the swivel joint assembly including
a spindle secured to the base
an outer casing rotatably mounted on the spindle and attached to the shaft
a plurality of sealed chambers defined between the spindle and the outer
casing wherein each of the fixed utility lines is connected to one of the plurality of
sealed chambers and each of the fixed utility lines is connected to a corresponding chamber
via the spindle
a first story defining a first enclosed living area, the first story rotatably supported, at
least in part, via the shaft
a first drive mechanism adapted to rotate the first story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the first story
a second story defining a second enclosed living area, the second story rotatably
supported, at least in part, via the shaft
a second drive mechanism adapted to rotate the second story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the second story.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the second drive mechanism operates independently
from the first drive mechanism.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the second story is adapted to rotate about the shaft at a
different speed than the first story.
12. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein each story includes a plurality of utility ports
connected to the corresponding fixed utility lines via the shaft.
13. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the plurality of utility ports include a natural gas port, a
clean water port, a sewer port, and an electrical service port.
14. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein each story includes a sensor adapted to detect if water
or gas is leaking between one of the plurality of utility ports and one of the corresponding
fixed utility lines.
15. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein each story includes windows defining a circumference
of each story.
16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the base has a chamber extending below ground level,
the swivel joint assembly mounted in the chamber.
17. An apparatus comprising: a shaft extending vertically through the apparatus, the shaft mounted to a base, the
base fixed relative to the ground
a swivel joint assembly rotatably connecting fixed utility lines, the fixed utility lines
extending into the base, with corresponding utility lines secured within the shaft
a first story defining a first enclosed living area, the first story rotatably supported, at
least in part, via a first bearing by the shaft
a first drive mechanism adapted to rotate the first story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the first story
a second story defining a second enclosed living area, the second story rotatably
supported, at least in part, via a second bearing by the shaft
a second drive mechanism adapted to rotate the second story about the shaft at a speed
controllable within the second story.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second drive mechanism operates independently
from the first drive mechanism.
19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second story is adapted to rotate about the shaft at a
different speed than the first story.
20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each story includes a plurality of utility ports
connected to the corresponding fixed utility lines via the shaft. |
ROTATABLE BUILDING
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHTS AND TRADE DRESS
[0001] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is
subject to copyright protection. This patent document may show and/or describe matter
which is or may become trade dress of the owner. The copyright and trade dress owner has
no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent disclosure as it appears in
the Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright
and trade dress rights whatsoever.
RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION
[0002] This patent claims benefit of the filing date of U.S. Patent Application Serial No.
11/421,371, entitled "Rotatable Building", filed May 31, 2006.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Field
[0004] This disclosure relates to buildings with rotatable elements.
[0005] Description of the Related Art
[0006] The present invention relates generally to rotatable buildings, and is particularly
concerned with a service or utilities supply swivel joint apparatus and method for such a
building.
[0007] In such buildings, services such as water, gas, sewer and electric are provided in a
fixed central portion of the building about which an outer portion rotates.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a rotatable building.
[0009] FIG. 2 is a cross-section through a portion of the support base of the building on
lines 2—2 of FIG. 1, with some of the utility lines into and out of the building omitted for
clarity.
[0010] FIG. 3 is front elevational view of a swivel support apparatus.
[0011] FIG. 4 is a front elevational view, partially in section, of the inner fixed core of a
swivel assembly.
[0012] FIG. 5 is an enlarged section of the circled portion of FIG. 4 labeled 5.
[0013] FIG. 6 is a section on the lines 6-6 of FIG. 4.
[0014] FIG. 7 is a section on the lines 7-7 of FIG. 3.
[0015] FIG. 8 is a section on the lines 8-8 of FIG. 3.
[0016] FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the electrical part of the swivel assembly.
[0017] FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the circled area labeled 10 in FIG. 1.
[0018] DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] Throughout this description, the embodiments and examples shown should be
considered as exemplars, rather than limitations on the apparatus and methods disclosed or
claimed.
[0020] Description of Systems
[0021] FIG. 1 of the drawings illustrates a rotatable building such as a house or the like
which has a rotatable portion or living area 10 rotatably supported on a fixed base 12 as
illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 2. A service swivel joint assembly 14 according to a preferred
embodiment of the present invention is provided in the fixed base for supplying electrical
power and services, water, gas, and other utilities to the rotating structure.
[0022] The rotatable building 10 in the illustrated embodiment is circular in shape,
although other shapes may be utilized, and has an enclosed central living area 16, which
preferably has windows around the entire circumference, surrounded by an annular deck or
balcony 18 extending around the entire outer periphery of the building. The fixed base 12 has
a cylindrical outer wall 20 with an inverted T rail 22 of steel running around its upper rim, as
illustrated in FIG. 10. The floor 24 of the rotating structure has a series of spaced inner and
outer bearings 25, 26 which run around the rail and which are mounted in wobble boxes 28 in
groups of four. The base 12 provides a garage space for storage of vehicles and the like.
[0023] The rotating portion 10 of the building is also rotatably supported at its center via
a central elevator shaft 30 which is rotatably supported at its lower end on a bearing assembly
32 in a central swivel chamber or pit 34 which is located below the ground level and centered
on the central axis of the building, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Elevator shaft 30 extends
upwardly from the submerged chamber 34 to the top of the building, and an elevator car 36
within the shaft is suitably driven to transport the inhabitants from the garage level to and
from the upper stories of the building. The central bearing assembly 32 is of sufficient
strength to support the rotating elevator shaft 30. In one example, the shaft 30 had an outer
diameter of six feet and a height of 28 feet, and the bearing was a six feet diameter, 1,364,000
Ib bearing model Al 8-60P IB manufactured by Rotek, Inc. of Aurora, Ohio.
[0024] Various fixed utility lines such as sewer line 38, and other utility lines 40 such as
water, waste water or gray water, gas, electrical power, and electrical services such as
telephone, cable, television, computer, and the like, are directed into the chamber 34 for
connection to a fixed part of the swivel joint assembly 14. Corresponding sewer 42, other
utilities 44, electrical power lines 45, and electrical service lines 46 are connected to rotating
parts of the swivel joint assembly at their lower ends, and extend upwardly alongside the
elevator shaft 30 for connection to plumbing, gas and electrical fixtures throughout the
rotating portion of the building. A drain line 48 extends downwardly from the roof of the
building alongside the elevator shaft and back through a window 49 in the shaft within the
chamber 34. Line 48 has an outlet end 50 directed downwardly in the pit or chamber 34. A
drain outlet 52 is provided in the lower end of the chamber 34 for drainage of water from the
roof. It will be understood that the various incoming and outgoing service lines are shown
schematically and not in any particular order. Also, in practice, all of the lines can be directed
outwardly through a single rectangular opening in the elevator shaft to one side of the shaft,
although they are illustrated extending on opposite sides in FIG. 2 for convenience and
clarity. The arrangement of the incoming and outgoing lines will be dependent on the
position of the building relative to the various adjacent service lines.
[0025] The swivel joint assembly 14 will now be described in more detail with reference
to FIGS. 2 to 9. The assembly 14 has a lower portion 54 for coupling the gas, sewer and
water lines into and out of the rotating structure, and an upper portion 55 for coupling the
electrical power and service lines. The lower portion 54 basically comprises an inner fixed
spool 56 and an outer swivel casing 60 rotatably mounted on fixed spool 56 as illustrated in
FIGS. 3 and 6 to 8. The fixed spool 56 is coupled to the fixed base of the building via a
torque bracket or lug 57 connected to torque tie 58 within pit 34, as indicated in FIG. 2. The
swivel casing 60 is connected to the rotating portion 10 of the building by supports beams 62
which extend across the top of the casing as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, and are secured at
their opposite ends to the rotating shaft 30. The casing 60 is rotatably supported on a fixed
brass bearing ring 61 at its lower end, which in turn is secured to torque bracket or lug 57, as
indicated in FIG. 3.
[0026] The fixed inner spool 56 is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 4 to 8 and has a central
through bore 63 and a plurality of outwardly facing, annular chambers 64, 65, 66, and 67
separated by annular rings 68, 69, 70, 71 and 72 at the top and bottom of the spool and
between each adjacent pair of chambers. The swivel casing is a cylindrical member which
rotates around the inner spool and has a diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the
outer rings 68 to 72, so that it forms an outer wall for each of the annular chambers, as best
illustrated for chamber 65 in FIG. 6 and chamber 64 in FIG. 7. Ring seals 76 are mounted on
each annular ring to project outwardly into rotatable sealing engagement with the inner
surface of casing, 60, sealing each of the chambers from the adjacent chambers and the
exterior of the swivel joint assembly. One ring seal 76 is mounted on each of the upper and
lower rings 68 and 72, while two spaced ring seals 76 are provided on each of the rings 69,
70 and 71 which separate adjacent chambers, for additional security. The seals are of any
suitable resilient seal material of sufficient durability and reliability. Suitable seals for use as
the ring seals 786 are Z-seals with a nitride or poly-vi lip and a fluorotrel base, as
manufactured by Northern American Seals of Fresno, Calif.
[0027] The annular chambers 64 to 67 are of different sizes, depending on the required
fluid capacity. Each chamber is connected to one or more ports extending upwardly from the
lower end of the spool through the central portion of the spool and terminating in the
respective chamber. The upper, relatively large annular chamber 64 is designated as a sewer
chamber, the next chamber 65 is for gray or waste water, the third chamber 66 is for gas, and
the fourth chamber 67 is for the clean water supply to the house. As indicated in FIGS. 4, 6
and 7, a series of three ports or bores 78 are connected to the fixed sewer line 38 at the lower
end of the spool, and extend upwardly through the spool to terminate in chamber 64. A port
or bore 80 of equivalent diameter to ports 78 is connected to a fixed, gray water outlet line 40
and extends upwardly through spool 56 to terminate at an outlet 82 in chamber 65, as
indicated in FIGS. 4 and 6. A third bore or port 84 of smaller diameter is connected to a gas
line 40 at the lower end of the assembly 14 and extends upwardly through the spool to
terminate at an inlet 85 into chamber 66. A pair of ports or bores 86 extend from fixed water
lines 40 through the spool to terminate at an inlet 88 into the lowermost or clean water
chamber 67, as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4 and 8.
[0028] The outer swivel casing forms an outer, rotating cylindrical wall for each of the
chambers 64 to 67, and includes various ports for connection to utility lines extending to
various fixtures within the rotating part of the building, such as sinks, showers, baths, toilets,
gas powered devices and the like. As best illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 7, three ports 90 project
radially through the wall of casing 60 and communicate with the sewer chamber 64. A gray
water port 92 is spaced beneath one of the ports 90 and communicates with the gray water
chamber 65. A small diameter gas port 94 is positioned in the casing beneath port 92 and
communicates with gas distribution chamber 66. Finally, a pair of clean water ports 95 are
positioned below port 94 and communicate with water chamber 67, as illustrated in FIG. 8.
The various sewer and utility lines 42, 44, only some of which are shown in FIG. 2 for
illustration purposes, are connected to the various ports 90, 92, 94 and 95 and extend
upwardly alongside the elevator shaft 30, exiting away from the shaft at the two or more floor
levels for connection to the appropriate fixtures within the living areas of the rotating
structure.
[0029] Another embodiment of the apparatus includes at least two or more floor levels
wherein each floor level is independently supported, at least in part, via a bearing which
rotatably secures each floor level to the shaft. In this embodiment, the shaft may be fixed to
the base 12, which is in turn fixed to the ground via concrete, rebar or other appropriate
structural foundation.
[0030] Each of the annular rings or flanges 68 to 72 defining the axial end walls of the
various chambers also has a groove or indent 96 on its outer periphery which forms a sensor
chamber. The indent 96 is located between the seal rings on the annular flanges 69, 70 and 71
between adjacent chambers, and above or below the seal ring 76 on the end flanges 68 and
72, respectively. As illustrated in FIG. 3, a pair of diametrically opposed water sensors 98 are
mounted on the outer swivel casing 60 to extend through sealed holes in the casing into the
uppermost indent or chamber 96. A pair of diametrically opposed water sensors 98 are also
mounted to extend through the casing into the chamber 96 in flange 69. These sensors will
detect any leakage of sewer water from the sewer chamber 64. Water sensors 98 also project
through the casing into the chambers 96 in flanges 70, 71 and 72, as indicated in FIG. 3, to
detect any leakage of gray water from chamber 65, or clean water from chamber 67. Gas
sensors 99 also extend into the chambers 96 in flanges 70 and 71 at opposite ends of the gas
supply chamber 66, so that these chambers have sensors for detecting leakage of either gas or
water past the seals 76, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
[0031] The utility swivel assembly therefore incorporates multiple sensors for detecting
failure of any of the ring seals. Each sensor chamber has at least two sensors for water, and
the sensor chambers between gas and water chambers have two water sensors and two gas
sensors. This provides redundancy in case of failure of a sensor. There are two annular or ring
seals between adjacent chambers, providing further redundancy to reduce the risk of any
mixing between the various fluid inputs and outputs to and from the house. The sensor
outputs will be connected to a control unit having a computer controller within the house, and
will indicate failure of any of the seals. The swivel assembly is very simple in construction
and provides easy access for repair or replacement of seals or sensors.
[0032] The upper or electrical portion 55 of the swivel assembly is mounted on top of the
plumbing part 54 of the swivel, as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4 and 9. As best illustrated in FIG.
9, the electrical supply swivel 55 is a three conductor electrical swivel, and includes an inner,
fixed power conducting core 100 which is secured to the upper end of the fixed utilities spool
56 via coupling sleeve 102 secured to the upper end of the spool by mounting bolts 104, and
an end plug 103 of the core which is keyed to the coupling sleeve 102. Electrical power
supply lines 105 extend upwardly through the central through bore 63 in the fixed spool 60,
into the conductive core 100, and are secured to three separate conductive rings 106, 107 and
108 in the core 100, which are separated by insulator rings 110.
[0033] The electrical swivel has an outer rotating portion having a base plate 112 secured
to the top plate 114 of the outer swivel casing 60 of the plumbing swivel, and a series of
upwardly projecting posts 116 projecting upwardly from the base plate around a ring spaced
outwardly from core 100, and connected to a top plate 118 at the upper end of the swivel. A
junction box 120 is mounted on the rotating top plate 118 and the power supply lines 45
extend upwardly from box 120 along the elevator shaft and project outwardly for connection
to various electrical sockets and appliances within the rotating portion of the house. Spring
loaded brushes 122 project inwardly from the posts 116 to contact the three conductive rings
106, 107, and 108, respectively. A connecting line 124 extends from each brush 122 to the
junction box 120, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
[0034] An eight conductor, low noise rotating electrical connector 126 is mounted on top
of the electrical swivel 55 via a rubber coupling sleeve 128 bolted to the top plate 129 of the
fixed part of the electrical swivel via threaded rods 130 and bolts 132. The connector 126 has
a lower fixed portion 134 and an upper rotating portion 135 which is connected to the various
electrical service lines 46 extending into the house for communication of TV, telephone and
computer signals and the like. The fixed portion 134 is coupled to the fixed core 106 of the
electrical swivel. Fixed electrical service lines 136 for cable, computer, TV and telephone
signals extend upwardly through the central bore 63 in the fixed spool 56, the center of the
fixed power conducting core 106 of the electrical swivel, and a central opening 138 in the top
plate 118 of the rotating part of the electrical swivel, and are connected to the fixed lower
portion 134 of the rotary connector 126.
[0035] The electrical swivel 55 may be a standard, off-the-shelf electrical slip ring swivel
for providing 240 Volt, 200 Amp electrical supply to the rotating portion of the structure. The
upper, rotary electrical connector 126 is preferably an eight wire, mercury filled rotating
harness which is very low noise and produces minimal signal interference, such as the Model
No. 830 rotating connector available from Mercotac Inc. of Carlsbad, Calif., or equivalents.
Similar connectors with a greater or lesser number of conductors or different amperage or
voltage may be used if required.
[0036] A suitable drive mechanism (not illustrated) will be provided for rotating the
rotatable portion 10 of the house in either direction relative to the fixed base 12, with the
swivel joint apparatus allowing all of the utility and electrical service lines within the rotating
portion of the house to rotate relative to the fixed part of the apparatus 14. In an exemplary
embodiment, the drive mechanism used a three horsepower motor with ramp up and ramp
down speed control so movement will not be felt by individuals within the moving part of the
structure. The movement can be stopped, reversed, or varied as desired via a control panel
within the building, and may be manual or voice controlled.
[0037] An additional embodiment includes each floor level including a suitable drive
mechanism for rotating the living area 16 about the shaft 30 via a bearing. Each suitable
drive mechanism may be controlled via a control panel within the individual floor level's
living area 16. The movement of each floor relative to the shaft 30 may be controlled
independently from the other floors. Thus, one floor may rotate clockwise at 360 degrees per
hour, while another floor may synchronously rotate counterclockwise at 360 degrees per day
or other speeds.
[0038] The swivel joint apparatus 14 of this invention is very simple in construction and
allows for easy access and repair. It has built in sensors for detecting any failure in the seals,
and the seals, rotary bearings, and other portions of the apparatus are of sufficient strength
and durability to potentially last over twenty years without any major service. Unlike prior art
swivel joints for rotating buildings, the apparatus 14 will meet most building codes for
plumbing and electrical connections.
[0039] Closing Comments
[0040] The foregoing is merely illustrative and not limiting, having been presented by
way of example only. Although examples have been shown and described, it will be
apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that changes, modifications, and/or
alterations may be made.
[0041] As used herein, "plurality" means two or more.
[0042] As used herein, whether in the written description or the claims, the terms
"comprising", "including", "carrying", "having", "containing", "involving", and the like are
to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but not limited to. Only the
transitional phrases "consisting of and "consisting essentially of, respectively, are closed or
semi-closed transitional phrases with respect to claims.
[0043] Use of ordinal terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc., in the claims to
modify a claim element does not by itself connote any priority, precedence, or order of one
claim element over another or the temporal order in which acts of a method are performed,
but are used merely as labels to distinguish one claim element having a certain name from
another element having a same name (but for use of the ordinal term) to distinguish the claim
elements.
[0044] As used herein, "and/or" means that the listed items are alternatives, but the
alternatives also include any combination of the listed items.