A SCREW PILE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001 ] The invention relates to a screw pile. In particular, the invention relates, but is not limited, to a screw pile for a ground anchoring system in building foundations.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

[0002] Reference to background art herein is not to be construed as an admission that such art constitutes common general knowledge in Australia or elsewhere.

[0003] A common process in a number of industries involves winding piles (e.g. poles) into the ground in order to form a foundation. Screw piles are typically cost effective foundations and, for example, offer a reduced environmental impact in comparison to other foundations. Other advantages of screw pile foundations also include ease of installation and a reduced risk to personnel as, for instance, the foundations are typically screwed in with a machine.

[0004] Screw pile design is based on structural and geotechnical principles. Increasing the mechanical properties of a screw pile typically assists screw pile design as less screw piles may need to be used and/or they have decreased likelihood of failing during use. Recent screw pile technology has been directed towards, for example, composite technology. Whilst composites offer some benefits with regard to mechanical properties, this technology is also relatively expensive in today's market. On the other hand, traditional screw pile technology is relatively cheap but typically provides, amongst other things, a lower mechanical strength. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] It is an aim of this invention to provide a screw pile which overcomes or ameliorates one or more of the disadvantages or problems described above, or which at least provides a useful alternative.

[0006] Other preferred objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0007] In one form, although not necessarily the only or broadest form, the invention resides in a screw pile including: an elongate member; and an anchoring member extending from the elongate member, wherein one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member.

[0008] Preferably, the elongate member is substantially cylindrical. Preferably, an outer diameter of the elongate member includes any value from 50mm to 100mm.

[0009] Preferably, the elongate member is hollow. Preferably, a wall thickness of the elongate member includes any value from 2mm to 10mm.

[0010] Preferably, the elongate member is in the form of a shaft.

[001 1 ] Preferably, the elongate member includes a coupling.

[0012] Preferably, the coupling is located at an end portion of the elongate member. Preferably, the coupling is located at an opposite end portion to the anchoring member.

[0013] Preferably, the coupling is configured to releasably connect to a machine. Preferably, the machine is in the form of a rotary powerhead. [0014] Preferably, the coupling is configured to connect to a separate member. Preferably, the separate member is in the form of an extension member.

[0015] Preferably, the coupling includes one or more apertures through the surface. Preferably, the one or more apertures assist in forming the connection to the power head and/or separate member.

[0016] Preferably, the one or more apertures include two apertures that are located on opposite sides of the elongate member.

[0017] Preferably, the elongate member includes one or more cap plates and/or re-bar interfaces.

[0018] Preferably, the anchoring member is connected to the surface of the elongate member. Preferably, the anchoring member is directly fixed to the surface of the elongate member.

[0019] Preferably, the anchoring member extends away from the surface of the elongate member.

[0020] Preferably, the one or more grooves extend in direction away from the anchoring member. Preferably, the one or more grooves extend substantially in an opposite direction to the anchoring member.

[0021 ] Preferably, the anchoring member is located at another end portion of the elongate member. Preferably, the anchoring member is located at an opposite end portion to the coupling.

[0022] Preferably, the anchoring member includes a helix portion. Preferably, the anchoring member forms a helix portion around the elongate member.

[0023] Preferably, the anchoring member substantially completes a revolution around the elongate member.

[0024] Preferably, the screw pile further includes one or more anchoring members connected to the elongate member.

[0025] Preferably, the one or more anchoring members are located inboard of the anchoring member along the elongate member. [0026] Preferably, the one or more anchoring members include a helix portion that extends around the elongate member.

[0027] Preferably, the elongate member includes a leading bit. Preferably, the leading bit is located on an end of the elongate member.

[0028] Preferably, the leading bit is located below the anchoring member.

[0029] Preferably, the leading bit forms a tapered portion on the end of the elongate member.

[0030] Preferably, the leading bit includes a point. Preferably, the leading bit includes a cutting tip.

[0031 ] Preferably, the one or more grooves are formed along an outer surface of the elongate member. That is, preferably the surface of the elongate member includes an outer surface and the one or more grooves are formed therealong.

[0032] Preferably, the one or more grooves extend from the outer surface of the elongate member towards an inner surface of the elongate member.

[0033] Preferably, the one or more grooves extend helically along the elongate member.

[0034] Preferably, the one or more grooves extend helically along the elongate member in a direction which is opposite to a direction in which the screw pile is rotated while being installed in the ground.

[0035] Preferably, a distance between each helix of the one or more grooves is substantially the same.

[0036] Preferably, the one or more grooves leave a substantially cylindrical outer surface for the elongate member.

[0037] Preferably, the one or more grooves reduce the diameter of portions along the outer surface of the elongate member.

[0038] Preferably, the one or more grooves form a channel in the elongate member.

[0039] Preferably, the one or more grooves assist in bringing a yield point of the elongate member closer to its ultimate strength. [0040] Preferably, the one or more grooves extend substantially along the elongate member.

[0041 ] Preferably, the one or more grooves collectively extend across at least a quarter of the elongate member. Preferably, the one or more grooves collectively extend across at least half the elongate member.

[0042] Preferably, the one or more grooves include a depth of any value from 1 mm to 9mm.

[0043] In another form the invention resides in a method for making a screw pile, the method including the steps of:

forming one or more grooves in a surface of an elongate member; and connecting an anchoring member to the surface of the elongate member.

[0044] Preferably, the step of forming the one or more grooves in the surface of the elongate member includes forming the one or more grooves along an outer surface of the elongate member.

[0045] Preferably, the step of forming the one or more grooves in the surface of the elongate member includes rolling the groove into the elongate member.

[0046] Preferably, the step of forming the one or more grooves in the surface of the elongate member includes forming a helical groove along the elongate member.

[0047] Preferably, the step of connecting the anchoring member to the surface of the elongate member includes welding the anchoring member to the surface.

[0048] Preferably, the method further includes providing a coupling to the elongate member. Preferably, the step of providing a coupling to the elongate member includes forming one or more apertures in an end portion of the elongate member. [0049] In another form, the invention resides in a screw pile comprising: an elongate member;

an anchoring member extending from the elongate member; and one or more fins extending radially from the elongate member, wherein one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member.

[0050] Preferably, the screw pile further comprises one or more collars rotatably mounted on the elongate member, wherein the one or more fins extend radially from the one or more collars.

[0051 ] Preferably, the one or more fins are attached to an outer surface of the elongate member.

[0052] Preferably, at least one of the one or more fins has a lower edge which is inclined downwardly in a radially outward manner.

[0053] Preferably, at least one of the one or more fins has a fastening portion configured to mate with a mounting plate.

[0054] Preferably, the fastening portion is configured to receive a mounting bolt or a stud.

[0055] Preferably, the fastening portion comprises a mounting bolt or a stud.

[0056] In another form, the invention resides in a screw pile comprising: an elongate member;

an anchoring member extending from the elongate member; and one or more fins extending radially from the elongate member, wherein one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member, and

wherein an indent extends at least partially across a surface of at least one of the one or more fins.

[0057] Preferably, the indent extends radially outwards from an inner edge to an outer edge of the at least one of the one or more fins.

[0058] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the indent is V-shaped. [0059] Preferably, the indent has a first surface portion, wherein the first surface portion is inclined with respect to the surface of at least one of the one or more fins.

[0060] Preferably, the indent has a second surface portion, wherein the second surface portion is inclined with respect to the surface of at least one of the one or more fins.

[0061 ] Preferably, the first surface portion and the second surface portion of the indent intersect along a common edge.

[0062] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the indent comprises at least one curved portion.

[0063] Preferably, the indent is formed as a line.

[0064] Preferably, the line is substantially straight.

[0065] Preferably, the line is curved.

[0066] Preferably, the indent comprises a series of distinct spaced indents.

[0067] Preferably, a first indent extends at least partially across a first surface of at least one of the one or more fins and a second indent extends at least partially across a second surface of the at least one of the one or more fins, wherein the second surface is parallel to and spaced apart from the first surface.

[0068] Preferably, the first indent has a first surface portion and a second surface portion.

[0069] Preferably, the first surface portion of the first indent is inclined with respect to the first surface.

[0070] Preferably, the second surface portion of the first indent is inclined with respect to the first surface.

[0071 ] Preferably, the first surface portion and the second surface portion of the first indent intersect along a common edge.

[0072] Preferably, the second indent has a first surface portion and a second surface portion. [0073] Preferably, the first surface portion of the second indent is inclined with respect to the second surface.

[0074] Preferably, the second surface portion of the second indent is inclined with respect to the second surface.

[0075] Preferably, the first surface portion and the second surface portion of the second indent intersect along a common edge.

[0076] In another form, the invention resides in a screw pile comprising: an elongate member;

an anchoring member extending from the elongate member; and one or more fins extending radially from the elongate member, wherein an indent extends at least partially across a surface of at least one of the one or more fins.

[0077] Preferably, the one ore more grooves include a first groove and a second groove.

[0078] Preferably, the first groove and the second groove extend along the outer surface at opposed angles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the elongate member.

[0079] Preferably, the first groove and the second groove intersect at one or more points on the outer surface.

[0080] Preferably, the coupling includes a coupling member. Preferably, the coupling member mates with the end portion of the elongate member.

[0081 ] Preferably, the coupling member includes an upper disc portion and a lower threaded portion. Preferably, the lower threaded portion is received in the end portion of the elongate member. Preferably, the lower threaded portion is screwed into the end portion of the elongate member.

[0082] Preferably, the upper disc portion includes a threaded bore. Preferably, the threaded bore assists in forming the connection to the power head and/or separate member. [0083] In another form, the invention resides in a screw pile system comprising:

a screw pile comprising an elongate member;

an extension member; and

a joining member;

wherein the screw pile and the extension member are connected to the joining member.

[0084] Preferably, an end portion of the extension member is connected to a first end portion of the joining member.

[0085] Preferably, an end portion of the elongate member is connected to a second end portion of the joining member.

[0086] Preferably, one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member. Preferably, the one ore more grooves extend helically along the elongate member.

[0087] Preferably, the extension member is substantially cylindrical. Preferably, the extension member is in the form of a shaft

[0088] Preferably, one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the extension member. Preferably, the one ore more grooves extend helically along the extension member.

[0089] Preferably, the joining member is substantially cylindrical. Preferably, the joining member is in the form of a shaft

[0090] Preferably, one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the joining member. Preferably, the one ore more grooves extend helically along the joining member.

[0091 ] Preferably, a pitch of the one or more grooves of the extension member is substantially similar to a pitch of the one or more grooves of the joining member. [0092] Preferably, a pitch of the one or more grooves of the elongate member is substantially similar to a pitch of the one or more grooves of the joining member.

[0093] In another form the invention resides in a method for connecting an extension member to a screw pile, the method including the steps of: connecting the extension member to a first end portion of a joining member; and connecting a second end portion of the joining member to an elongate member of the screw pile.

[0094] In another form, the invention resides in a fin assembly for use with a screw pile, the fin assembly comprising: one or more fins extending radially from an elongate member of the screw pile, wherein a distal vertical edge of at least one of the one or more fins has a linear member attached thereto.

[0095] In another form, the invention resides in a screw pile comprising: an elongate member; an anchoring member extending from the elongate member; and one or more fins extending radially from the elongate member, wherein a distal vertical edge of at least one of the one or more fins has a linear member attached thereto.

[0096] Preferably, the linear member extends at an angle to the at least one of the one or more fins. Preferably, the angle is 90 degrees.

[0097] Preferably, the linear member is non-planar with the at least one of the one or more fins. [0098] Preferably, the linear member and the at least one of the one or more fins are integrally formed.

[0099] Preferably, the linear member extends substantially along the distal vertical edge.

[00100] In another form, the invention resides in a pile assembly comprising: a plate; and a plurality of piles extending through the plate at an angle other than 90 degrees, wherein at least one of the piles comprises an elongate member, and wherein one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member.

[00101 ] Preferably, the plate comprises a flange extending from the plate. Preferably, the flange extends upwardly. Preferably, the flange extends downwardly.

[00102] Preferably, the plate comprises a plurality of apertures. Preferably, the at least one of the piles extends through at least one of the apertures.

[00103] Preferably, the at least one of the piles has a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. Preferably, the distal end portion is distal from the plate.

[00104] Preferably, a wall extends around the at least one of the apertures. Preferably, the wall extends at an angle other than 90 degrees to a surface of the plate.

[00105] Preferably, the proximal end portion of the at least one of the piles is located adjacent to the wall. [00106] Preferably, the plate has a structural member attached thereto. Preferably, the structural member is attached the plate through at least one of the apertures.

[00107] Preferably, the at least one of the piles is inserted into the at least one of the apertures by a machine. Preferably, the machine includes a rotary powerhead or a jackhammer.

[00108] Preferably, the at least one of the piles is screwed into the at least one of the apertures.

[00109] Preferably, when the pile assembly is installed, the plate is located immediately above the ground level. Preferably, when the pile assembly is installed, the distal end portion of the at least one of the piles is located in the ground.

[001 10] In another form, the invention resides in a method for installing a pile assembly, the method including the steps of: placing a plate on the ground, the plate comprising a plurality of apertures; inserting a pile through at least of the apertures at an angle other than 90 degrees, wherein the pile comprises an elongate member, and wherein one or more grooves are formed along a surface of the elongate member.

[001 1 1 ] Preferably, the step of inserting the pile through the at least of the apertures includes jack hammering the pile.

[001 12] Preferably, the screw pile is herein as described.

[001 13] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[001 14] By way of example only, preferred embodiments of the invention and test results relating to the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying figures, wherein:

Figure 1 illustrates a front view of a screw pile, according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the screw pile shown in figure 1 ;

Figure 3 illustrates a front view of a screw pile, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 illustrates a side view of the screw pile shown in figure 3;

Figure 5 illustrates test results of a plain elongate member used in typical screw piles;

Figure 6 illustrates test results of an elongate member having one or more grooves, according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 7 illustrates test results of an elongate member having one or more grooves, according to a further embodiment of the invention; and

Figure 8 illustrates test results of an elongate member having one or more grooves, according to another embodiment of the invention;

Figure 9 illustrates test results of a plain elongate member used in typical screw piles;

Figure 10 illustrates test results of an elongate member having one or more grooves, according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 1 1 illustrates a graph showing tests results of a plain elongate member used in typical screw piles and of an elongate member having one or more grooves, according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 illustrates a perspective view of a screw pile with a fin assembly, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 13 illustrates a perspective view of a screw pile with a fin assembly, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 14 illustrates a front view of a fin of the fin assembly shown in figure 13;

Figure 15 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a fin of the fin assembly shown in figure 13;

Figure 16 illustrates a perspective view of a screw pile with a fin assembly, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 17a illustrates a partial front view of an elongate member of a screw pile, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 17b illustrates a partial side view of the elongate member of the screw pile shown in figure 17a;

Figure 17c illustrates a partial perspective view of the elongate member of the screw pile shown in figure 17a;

Figure 18a illustrates a partial front view of an elongate member of a screw pile and a coupling member, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 18b illustrates a partial front view of the elongate member of a screw pile shown in figure 18a with the coupling member connected to it;

Figure 18c illustrates a partial perspective view of the elongate member of a screw pile shown in figure 18a with the coupling member connected to it;

Figure 19a illustrates a partial front view of an elongate member of a screw pile, an extension member and a joining member, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 19b illustrates a partial view of the elongate member of the screw pile and the extension member shown in figure 19a connected to the joining member; Figure 20a illustrates a perspective view of a fin assembly, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 20b illustrates a top view of the fin assembly shown in figure

20a;

Figure 21 illustrates a perspective view of a pile assembly, according to a further embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[001 15] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a screw pile 10a, according to an embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10a includes an elongate member 100a and an anchoring member 200a. A longitudinal axis 12a extends along the screw pile 10a.

[001 16] The elongate member 100a is in the form of a hollow round shaft. The elongate member 100a is formed from a metal. The metal in this embodiment includes steel. However, it will be appreciate that in further embodiments that the elongate member 100a may be made from different materials including, for example, a composite and/or Aluminium.

[001 17] The elongate member 100a includes a surface in the form of outer surface 1 10a. The outer surface 1 10a defines the outer portion of the elongate member 100a. The outer surface 1 10a includes a groove 1 12a. The groove 1 12a extends substantially along the elongate member 100a. The groove 1 12a forms a spiral along the elongate member 100a. In this regard, the groove 1 12a includes, for example, helixes 1 14a-1 , 1 14a-2. The helixes 1 14a-1 , 1 14a-2 are separated by a pitch that may be varied according to the present invention. The shape of the groove 1 12a may also be varied depending on the design application required.

[001 18] The groove 1 12a extends from the outer surface 1 10a of the elongate member 100a towards the longitudinal axis 12a. Accordingly, the groove 1 12a extends towards the hollow of the elongate member 1 10a. The groove 1 12a leaves the outer surface 1 10a of the elongate member 100a substantially cylindrical such that the elongate member 100a looks similar to, for example, a helical spring with no spacers between coils. The inner wall of the elongate member 1 10a, adjacent the hollow, is also substantially cylindrical. In this embodiment, portions of the groove 1 12a do not extend into the hollow of the elongate member such that there are no apertures in the inner wall from the groove 1 12a. As further outlined below, the groove 1 12a provides mechanical benefits to the screw pile 10a.

[001 19] The elongate member 1 10a includes an end portion 120a. The end portion 120a includes a coupling that is configured to connect to parts thereabove. In this embodiment, the coupling includes apertures 122a. The apertures 122a are axially aligned and located on opposite sides of the elongate member 1 10a. The apertures 122a are configured to receive a pin therethrough that may be connected to, for example, a rotary power head. The end portion 120a is connected to another end portion 140a via a middle portion 130a. The groove 1 12a extends from the end portion 1 10a, along the middle portion 130a, to the other end portion 140a. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the groove 1 12a may extend only along segments of the elongate member 1 10a.

[00120] A leading bit 150a is located at the end of the end portion 140a. The leading bit 150a includes a point 152a that is substantially located along the longitudinal axis 12a. The point 152a forms a cutting edge for earthen material. The anchor member 200a is located above the leading bit 150a (i.e. inboard along the elongate member 100a).

[00121 ] The anchor member 200a is connected to the outer surface 1 10a of the elongate member 100a. That is, in this embodiment, the anchor member 200a is welded to the outer surface 1 10a of the elongate member 100a. The anchor member 200a extends away from the elongate member 100a. In this regard, the anchor member 200a extends in substantially an opposite direction to the groove 1 12a (i.e. the anchor member 200a extends away from the longitudinal axis 12a, from the outer surface 1 10a, whilst the groove 1 12a extends towards the longitudinal axis 12a, from the outer surface 1 10a).

[00122] The anchor member 200a includes a plate 210a. The plate 210a is angled in a manner such that it forms a helical portion around the elongate member 200a when it is connected thereto. The plate 210a completes a revolution around the elongate member 100a in this embodiment. However, it would be appreciated that in further embodiments that the anchor member 200a may be formed from a plurality of plates around the elongate member 100a. In addition, further anchor members 200a may be placed along the elongate member 100a to provide additional foundation support.

[00123] Figures 3 to 4 illustrate a screw pile 10b, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10b is substantially similar to the screw pile 10a but differences therebetween are noted below. It is also noted that the use of a reference numeral followed by a lower case letter typically indicates alternative embodiments of a general element identified by the reference numeral in this specification. Thus for example the screw pile 10a is similar to but not identical to the screw pile 10b. Further, references to an element identified only by the numeral refer to all embodiments of that element. Thus for example a reference to screw pile 10 is intended to include both the screw pile 1 0a and the screw pile 10b.

[00124] Like the screw pile 10a, the screw pile 10b includes an elongate member 100b and an anchoring member 200b. A longitudinal axis 12 extends along the middle of the screw pile 10b. The elongate member 100b is substantially cylindrical and hollow. The outer surface 1 10b of the elongate member 100b includes groove 1 12b, which helically extends along the elongate member 100b. In comparison to the groove 1 12a, the pitch between helixes of the grooves 1 12b have a smaller pitch. That is, the distance between helixes 1 14b-1 , 1 14b-2, for example, is smaller than the distance between 1 14a-1 , 1 14a-2. As outlined further below, both of these different pitches assist in providing mechanical benefits in the present invention.

[00125] The groove 1 12b extends from the end portion 120b, along the middle portion 130b, to the other end portion 140b in this embodiment. The end portion 120b, like the end portion 120a, includes a coupling having apertures 122b. Furthermore, a leading bit 150b is located at the end of the end portion 140b. In comparison to the leading bit 150a, the leading bit 150b is offset to one side of the longitudinal axis 12b. That is, the leading bit 150b tapers to a point 152b that is outboard of the longitudinal axis 12b. It would be appreciated that in further embodiments that the leading bits 150 may be changed for a particular application.

[00126] In the same manner as the anchor member 200a, the anchor member 200b includes a plate 220b that is fixed to the outer surface 1 10b of the elongate member 100b. The plate 220b is connected in a manner such that it spirals along the elongate member 100b. The plate 220b is located above the leading bit 150b.

[00127] In this embodiment, the grooves 1 12a, 1 12b of the screw piles 10a, 10b extend helically along the elongate members 100a, 100b in a direction which is opposite to direction in which the screw piles are rotated when installing them into the ground. For example, if the screw piles 10a, 10b are rotated in a clockwise direction when installing them in the ground, the grooves 1 12a, 1 12b extend helically along the elongate members 100a, 100b in an anti-clockwise direction. Such a groove configuration significantly increases the torsional strength of the screw piles. However, in further embodiments, the grooves 1 12a, 1 12b of the screw piles 10a, 10b may extend helically along the elongate members 100a, 100b in a direction which is the same direction in which the screw piles are rotated when installing them into the ground. [00128] In order to produce the screw piles 10, a cylindrical hollow tube is feed through a machine that rolls the grooves 1 12a, 1 12b into their respective elongate members 100a, 100b. In this regard, the grooves 1 12 are cold worked into the cylindrical tube in this embodiment. The pitch of the helixes 1 14 are predetermined with a user input. The cylindrical hollow tube may initally include the apertures 1 12a, 1 12b and/or the leading bits 150a, 150b. Alternatively, these features may be formed after the grooves 1 12 are in place.

[00129] Following the above, the steel plates 21 Oa, 21 Ob are connected to their respective elongate members 100a, 100b. Typically, the steel plates 210 are welded to the elongate members 100. However, it would be appreciated that in further embodiments that, for example, the steel plates 210 may be releasably fastened to the elongate members 100.

[00130] Figures 5 to 8 illustrate tests results carried out on elongate members. The test results from figures 6 to 8 illustrate elongate members according to the present invention. Figure 5 illustrates test results from a plain pipe, which is typically used in current screw piles. A summary of these test results is provided in the table below.

Test No. Pipe Characteristics Yield Point, Maximum

Nm Torque @ 3°

1 Plain pipe (i.e. no grooves) 1740 2730

- 57mm outer diameter

and 4.2mm wall thickness.

2 Spiral grooved pipe - 3930 4650

57mm outer diameter and

4.2mm wall thickness.

Pitch of spiral = 1 1 mm. 3 Spiral grooved pipe - 1680 3330 57mm outer diameter and

3.1 mm wall thickness.

Pitch of spiral = 20mm.

4 Spiral grooved pipe - 1680 3165

57mm outer diameter and

3.1 mm wall thickness.

Pitch of spiral = 38mm.

[00131 ] From the above test results, it is evident that the elongate members, according to the present invention, include mechanical properties that are a significant improvement over the elongate members used in current screw piles. By way of example, including the spiral grooves in the pipe of test 1 (i.e. the pipe in test 2), the yield point of the elongate member is increased from 1740Nm to 3920Nm (a 225% increase) and the maximum torque is also increased from 2730Nm to 4659Nm (a 170% increase). In this regard, the yield point of the pipe is brought closer to its ultimate strength. Decreasing the pitch of the grooves (cf. test 3 and 4) also increased the maximum torque results.

[00132] Figures 9-1 1 illustrate tests results carried out on elongate members. Figure 9 illustrates test results from a plain pipe, which is typically used in current screw piles. The test results from Figure 10 illustrate an elongate member according to the present invention. Figure 1 1 illustrates a graph comparing the test results from a plain pile and from an elongate member according to the present invention.

[00133] From the graph shown in Figure 1 1 , it is further evident that the elongate members, according to the present invention, include mechanical properties that are a significant improvement over the elongate members used in current screw piles. By way of example, by including the spiral grooves in the pipe, the bending strength of the elongate member is increased from 553 MPa to 625 MPa (a 13% increase). The graph of Figure 1 1 also indicates that the pipe with the spiral grooves is more flexible than a plain pipe for a given stress.

[00134] The manufacturing time of the screw piles 10 is also similar to the manufacturing time of previous screw piles. For instance, a 6m length of the elongate members 100 may be processed, to include the grooves 1 12, within approximately 1 minute. Furthermore, the manufacturing time of the screw piles 10 is also relative short and inexpensive compared to, for example, previous composite screw piles.

[00135] In addition, the spiral nature of the grooves 1 12 also assist in guiding the screw piles 10 through the ground. Moreover, the inner portions of the grooves 1 12 create a neutral line of flexibility between the helixes 1 14. That is, the inner portions of the grooves 1 12 provide some flexibility between the helixes 1 14 of the elongate members 100 whilst the outer regions have been cold worked to increase the overall mechanical properties of the elongate members 100. The flexibility provided by this arrangement also assists in driving the screw piles 10 in the ground to form a foundation.

[00136] Figure 12 illustrates a screwpile 10c, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10c includes an elongate member 100c, an anchoring member 200c and a fin assembly 300c. A longitudinal axis 12c extends along the screw pile 10c.

[00137] The elongate member 100c includes a surface in the form of outer surface 1 10c. The outer surface 1 10c defines the outer portion of the elongate member 100c. The outer surface 1 10a includes a groove 1 12c. The groove 1 12c extends substantially along the elongate member 100c. The groove 1 12c forms a spiral along the elongate member 100c. In this regard, the groove 1 12c includes, for example, helixes 1 14c-1 , 1 14c-2. The helixes 1 14c- 1 , 1 14c-2 are separated by a pitch that may be varied according to the present invention. The shape of the groove 1 12c may also be varied depending on the design application required.

[00138] The groove 1 12c extends from the outer surface 1 10c of the elongate member 100c towards the longitudinal axis 12c. Accordingly, the groove 1 12c extends towards the hollow of the elongate member 1 10c. The groove 1 12c leaves the outer surface 1 10c of the elongate member 100c substantially cylindrical such that the elongate member 100c looks similar to, for example, a helical spring with no spacers between coils. The inner wall of the elongate member 1 10c, adjacent the hollow, is also substantially cylindrical. In this embodiment, portions of the groove 1 12c do not extend into the hollow of the elongate member such that there are no apertures in the inner wall from the groove 1 12c.

[00139] The elongate member 1 10c includes an end portion 120c. The end portion 120c includes a coupling that is configured to connect to parts thereabove. In this embodiment, the coupling is formed from apertures 122c. The apertures 122c are axially aligned and located on opposite sides of the elongate member 1 10c. The apertures 122c are configured to receive a pin therethrough that may be connected to, for example, a rotary power head. The end portion 120c is connected to another end portion 140c via a middle portion 130c. The groove 1 12c extends from the end portion 1 10c, along the middle portion 130c, to the other end portion 140c. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the groove 1 12a may extend only along segments of the elongate member 1 10a.

[00140] A leading bit 150c is located at the end of the end portion 140c. The leading bit 150c includes a point 152c that is substantially located along the longitudinal axis 12c. The point 152c forms a cutting edge for earthen material. The anchor member 200c is located above the leading bit 150c (i.e. inboard along the elongate member 100c). However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the leading bit 150c is offset to one side of the longitudinal axis 12c such that the leading bit 150c tapers to a point 152c that is outboard of the longitudinal axis 12c. It would be appreciated that in further embodiments that the leading bits 150c may be changed for a particular application.

[00141 ] The anchor member 200c is connected to the outer surface 1 10c of the elongate member 100c. That is, in this embodiment, the anchor member 200c is welded to the outer surface 1 10c of the elongate member 100c. The anchor member 200c extends away from the elongate member 100c. In this regard, the anchor member 200c extends in substantially an opposite direction to the groove 1 12c (i.e. the anchor member 200c extends away from the longitudinal axis 12c, from the outer surface 1 10c, whilst the groove 1 12c extends towards the longitudinal axis 12c, from the outer surface 1 10c).

[00142] The anchor member 200c includes a plate 210c. The plate 210c is angled in a manner such that it forms a helical portion around the elongate member 200c when it is connected thereto. The plate 210c completes a revolution around the elongate member 100c in this embodiment. However, it would be appreciated that in further embodiments that the anchor member 200c may be formed from a plurality of plates or blades around the elongate member 100c. In addition, further anchor members 200c may be placed along the elongate member 100c to provide additional foundation support.

[00143] The fin assembly 300c includes four fins 310c that extend radially from three, vertically spaced, collars 351 c, 352c, 353c rotatably mounted on the elongate member 100c. A locating ring (not shown) may be provided adjacent one or more of the collars 351 c, 352c, 353c to limit movement of the fin assembly 300c along the elongate member 100c. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the fin assembly 300c may comprise fins 310c which are welded to the outer surface 1 10c of the elongate member 100c.

[00144] The fins 310c and the collars 351 c, 352c, 353c are formed from a metal. The metal in this embodiment includes steel. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the fins 310c and the collars 351 c, 352c, 353c may be made from different materials including, for example, a composite and/or Aluminium.

[00145] Each fin 310c has a lower, cutting edge, 31 1 c which is inclined downwardly in a radially outward direction and terminates in a ground engaging point 312c distal from the collar 353c.

[00146] A respective fastening portion 360c is located at the top end of each of the fins 310c such that the top surface of the fastening portion is flush with the top edge 313c of the fins 310c. The fastening portion 360d is located in a corresponding cut-out or gap formed at a top end of each fin 31 Od which is shaped to receive the fastening portion. The fastening portion 360c may be configured to receive a mounting bolt or a stud to secure a mounting plate (not shown) of a column. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the fastening portion may comprise a mounting bolt or stud extending vertically from the top edge 313c of the fins 310c.

[00147] It will be appreciated that in further embodiments that two or more fin assemblies 300c are provided at spaced intervals along the elongate member 100c of the screw pile 10c. Moreover, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the fin assembly may include any number of fins and/or the fins may be oriented at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the elongate member.

[00148] By providing the fin assembly 300c, the fins 310c tend to compress the ground in the area generally surrounding the fins. Tests have shown that the compression of the ground may increases the resistance of the upper end of the elongate member 1 10c (and thereby the screwpile 10c) against lateral movement by a factor of five to ten times, more generally six times. Further, by use of the fin assembly 300c, it is possible to use thinner gauge material in the manufacture of the elongate member 1 10c without loss of vertical load capacity or reduction in lateral bending resistance below prescribed limits. [00149] Figure 13 illustrates a screw pile 10d, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10d is substantially similar to the screw pile 10c but differences therebetween are noted below.

[00150] Like the screw pile 10c, the screw pile 10d includes an elongate member 10Od, an anchoring member 200d and a fin assembly 300d. The fin assembly 300d includes four fins 31 Od that extend radially from three, vertically spaced, collars 351 d, 352d, 353d rotatably mounted on the elongate member 100d. A locating ring (not shown) may be provided adjacent one or more of the collars 351 d, 352d, 353d to limit movement of the fin assembly 300d along the elongate member 100d. Each fin 31 Od has a lower, cutting edge, 31 1 d which is inclined downwardly in a radially outward direction and terminates in a ground engaging point 312d distal from the collar 353d.

[00151 ] A respective fastening portion 360d is located at the top end of each of the fins 31 Od such that the top surface of the fastening portion is flush with the top edge 313d of the fins 31 Od. The fastening portion 360d is located in a corresponding cut-out or gap formed at a top end of each fin 31 Od which is shaped to receive the fastening portion. The fastening portion 360d may be configured to receive a mounting bolt or a stud to secure a mounting plate (not shown) of a column. However, it will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the fastening portion may comprise a mounting bolt or stud extending vertically from the top edge 313d of the fins 31 Od.

[00152] Each fin 31 Od comprises three indents 320d, 330d, 340d. A first indent 320d and a second indent 340d are formed on a first surface 317d of the fin while a third indent 330d is formed on a second surface 316d of the fin which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first surface 317d of the fin. The indents 320d, 330d, 340d extend across the width of the fin, outwardly from the collars 351 d, 352d, 353d to the outer vertical edge 314d of the fin 31 Od. It will be appreciated that in further embodiments that the indents 320d, 330d, 340d are all formed on a single surface of the fin. [00153] Figure 14 illustrates a front view of one of the fins 31 Od of the fin assembly 300d. Figure 15 illustrates a cross-sectional view of one of the fins 31 Od of the fin assembly 300d. The indents 320d, 330d, 340d extend from an inner vertical edge 315d to the outer vertical edge 314d of the fin 31 Od. The first indent 320d is located at a top end of the fin 31 Od and is in the form of a substantially straight line extending across the first surface 317d of the fin and substantially parallel to the top edge 313d of the fin. The first indent extends on both sides of the cut-out or gap formed on the fin 31 Od for receiving the fastening portion 360d.

[00154] The second indent 340d is located at a lower end of the fin 31 Od and is in the form of a substantially straight line extending across the first surface 317d of the fin and substantially parallel to the lower edge 31 1 d of the fin. Thus, the second indent 340d is in the form of a substantially straight line which is inclined downwardly in a radially outward direction.

[00155] The third indent 330d is located substantially in the centre of the fin 31 Od between the first indent 320d and the second indent 340d and substantially equally spaced from the first indent 320d and the second indent 340d. The third indent 330d is in the form of a substantially straight line extending across the second surface 316d of the fin and substantially parallel to the top edge 313d of the fin and to the first indent 320d.

[00156] The indents 320d, 330d, 340d have a V-shaped cross-section and each of the indents comprise a first surface portion 321 d, 331 d, 341 d and a second surface portion 322d, 332d, 342d. The first surface portion 321 d and second surface portion 322d of the first indent 320d are inclined with respect to the first surface 317d of the fin 31 Od such that the first and second surface portions of the first indent intersect along a common edge 323d. The first surface portions 341 d and second surface portion 342d of the second indent 340d are inclined with respect to the first surface 317d of the fin 31 Od such that the first and second surface portions of the second indent intersect along a common edge 343d. The first surface portion 331 d and second surface portion 332d of the third indent 330d are inclined with respect to the second surface 316d of the fin 31 Od such that the first and second surface portions of the third indent intersect along a common edge 333d. The first surface portions 321 d, 331 d, 341 d and the second surface portions 322d, 332d, 342d of the indents 320d, 330d, 340d are substantially planar.

[00157] The first surface portions 321 d, 341 d and the second surface portions 322d, 342d of the first and second indents 320d, 340d are inclined with respect to the first surface 317d of the fin. The first surface portion 331 d and the second surface portion 332d of the third indent 330d are inclined with respect to the second surface 316d of the fin. The first surface portion 331 d of the third indent 330d is inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the first surface portions 321 d, 341 d of the first and second indents 320d, 340d. Similarly, the second surface portion 332d of the third indent 330d is inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the second surface portions 322d, 342d of the first and second indents 320d, 340d.

[00158] Although the first and second surface portions of the indents 320d, 330d, 340d shown in Figures 13-15 are substantially planar, thereby resulting in a V-shaped cross-section, in further embodiments the cross-sectional shape of the indents may be varied depending on the design requirements. For example, in further embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the indents may comprise at least one curved portion.

[00159] As shown in Figures 13-15, the indents 320d, 330d, 340d are in the form of a substantially straight line extending across the first surface 317d or the second surface 316d of the fin 31 Od. However, in further embodiments the indents 330d may be in the form of a curved line, in a wave-shaped line or formed as a series of distinct spaced indents. Moreover, in further embodiments, the indents may extend only along a small portion of the fin 31 Od and/or may be formed at an angle with respect to the outer vertical edge 314d or the inner vertical edge 315d of the fin 31 Od. [00160] Each fin 31 Od of the fin assembly 300d includes mechanical properties that are a significant improvement over the fin assemblies used in current screw piles. The indents 320d, 330d, 340d of the fin 31 Od enhance the strength and stiffness of the fin. When installed in the ground, the fins of the fin assembly tend to compress the ground, which increases the resistance of the upper end of the elongate member against lateral movement. The degree of resistance depends on factors such as number of fins provided, the depth and width of the fins and the composition of the surrounding soil. Where the ground has a low mechanical strength, a larger number of fins would be required for the fin assembly to provide greater lateral resistance. The fins of the fin assembly 300d comprising indents 320d, 330d, 340d, being stronger and stiffer, would be able to provide the same lateral resistance with a fewer number of fins, and possibly smaller fins, in each fin assembly. Moreover, the indents would make each fin 31 Od more resistant to deformation. Upon application of force, each fin 31 Od may undergo elastic deformation along one or more of the indents 320d, 330d, 340d, thereby preventing buckling or any permanent damage to the fin.

[00161 ] Figure 16 illustrates a screw pile 10e, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10e is substantially similar to the screw pile 10d but differences therebetween are noted below.

[00162] Like the screw pile 10d, the screw pile 10d includes an elongate member 100e, an anchoring member 200e and a fin assembly 300e. The elongate member 10Oe includes a surface in the form of outer surface 1 10e. However, the outer surface 1 10e of the elongate member 10Oe does not have any grooves extending along the outer surface.

[00163] Figures 17a, 17b and 17c illustrate a portion of an elongate member 10Of of a screw pile 10f, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10f may be substantially similar to any one of screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c or 10d but differences therebetween are noted below. [00164] Like the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, the outer surface 1 10f of the elongate member 10Of of the screw pile 10f includes a groove 1 12f which extends along the elongate member 10Of. However, the outer surface 1 10f of the elongate member 10Of further includes a second groove 1 15f which also extends along the elongate member 1 0Of.

[00165] Like the first groove 1 12f, the second groove 1 15f forms a spiral along the elongate member 10Of . The second groove 1 15f extends from the outer surface 1 10f of the elongate member 10Of towards the longitudinal axis 12f. Accordingly, the second groove 1 15f extends towards the hollow of the elongate member 1 10f. The second groove 1 15f leaves the outer surface 1 10f of the elongate member 10Of substantially cylindrical. The inner wall of the elongate member 1 10f, adjacent the hollow, is also substantially cylindrical. In this embodiment, portions of the second groove 1 15f do not extend into the hollow of the elongate member such that there are no apertures in the inner wall from the second groove 1 15f.

[00166] Like the first groove 1 12f, the second groove 1 15f forms a spiral along the elongate member 10Of . The second groove 1 15f includes, for example, helixes 1 16f-1 , 1 16f-2. The helixes 1 16f-1 , 1 16f-2 are separated by a pitch that may be varied according to the present invention. The shape of the second groove 1 15f may also be varied depending on the design application required.

[00167] In this embodiment, the first groove 1 12f and the second groove 1 15 extend along the outer surface 1 1 Of of the elongate member 10Of at opposed angles with respect to the longitudinal axis 12f , i.e the helixes 1 14f-1 , 1 14f-2 of the first groove 1 12f and the helixes 1 16f-1 , 1 16f-2 of the second groove 1 15f intersect at multiple points on the outer surface 1 1 Of of the elongate member 10Of . However, in further embodiments, the first groove 1 12f and the second groove 1 15f may extend along the outer surface 10Of at substantially similar angles with respect to the longitudinal axis 12f and may not intersect at all. Moreover, in further embodiments, three or more grooves may extend along the outer surface 10Of of the elongate member 10Of at substantially similar or different angles with respect to the longitudinal axis 12f.

[00168] Figures 18a, 18b and 18c illustrate a partial view of an elongate member 10Og of a screw pile 10g, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10g may be substantially similar to any one of screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d or 10e but differences therebetween are noted below.

[00169] Like the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, the elongate member 100g of the screw pile 1 0g includes an end portion 120g. However, the end portion 120g is configured to mate with a coupling member 400g. In this embodiment, the end portion 120g of the screw pile 10g does not include any apertures. However, in further embodiments, the end portion 120g of the screw pile 10g may include apertures, like the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.

[00170] The coupling member 400g is cylindrical in shape and includes an upper disc portion 41 Og and a lower threaded portion 420g. The upper disc portion 41 Og has substantially flat upper and lower surfaces and includes a threaded bore 41 1 g that is configured to connect to parts thereabove. The threaded bore 41 1 g lies along the longitudinal axis 12g of the elongate member 100g and may be used to connect the pile 10g to for example, a rotary power head. However, in further embodiments, parts may be connected to the coupling 400g through alternative means.

[00171 ] The lower threaded portion 420g of the coupling member 400g is received in the hollow end portion 120g of the elongate member 100g. The inner wall of the end portion 120g is correspondingly threaded so that the lower threaded portion 420g of the coupling member 400g and the end portion 120g of the elongate member 100g can be releasably attached together. When the lower threaded portion 420g of coupling member 400g is completely screwed into the end portion 120g of the elongate member 10Og, the lower surface of the upper disc portion 41 Og is in contact with the end portion 120g. However, in further embodiments, there may be a gap between the lower surface of the upper disc portion 41 Og and the end portion 120g to accommodate, for example, a washer.

[00172] Figures 19a and 19b illustrate a partial view of an elongate member 100h of a screw pile 10h and a partial view of an extension member 500h, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The screw pile 10h may be substantially similar to any one of screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c or 10d but differences therebetween are noted below.

[00173] Like the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, the elongate member 10Oh of the screw pile 10h has an end portion 120h. However, in this embodiment, the end portion 120h of the screw pile 10h is configured to be connected to an extension member 500h via a joining member 600h. In further embodiments, the joining member 600h may be used to join the elongate members of two distinct screw piles. The joining member 600h includes a first end portion 620h and a second end portion 630h.

[00174] The extension member 500h and the joining member 600h are in the form of a hollow round shaft. The extension member 500h and the joining member 600h are formed from a metal. The metal in this embodiment includes steel. However, in further embodiments, the extension member 500h and/or the joining member 600h may be made from different materials including, for example, a composite and/or Aluminium.

[00175] The extension member 500h includes a surface in the form of outer surface 51 Oh. The outer surface 51 Oh of the extension member 500h includes a groove 512h. The groove 512h extends substantially along the extension member 500h. The groove 512h forms a spiral along the extension member 500h. In this embodiment, the pitch of the groove 512h is substantially similar to the pitch of the groove 1 12h of the elongate member 10Oh of the screw pile 10h. However, in further embodiments, the pitch of the groove 512h may be different from the pitch of the groove 1 12h of the elongate member 100h.

[00176] The extension member 500h includes an end portion 540h which mates with the joining member 600h. In this embodiment, the end portion 540h of the extension member 500h is received in the first end portion 620h of the joining member 600h. However, in further embodiments, the first end portion 620h of the joining member 600h may be received in the end portion 540h of the extension member 500h or the extension member 500h and the joining member 600h may be connected through alternative means.

[00177] Like the extension member 500h, the joining member 600h includes a surface in the form of outer surface 61 Oh which includes a groove 612h. The groove 612h extends substantially along the joining member 600h. The groove 612h forms a spiral along the joining member 600h. The pitch of the groove 612h is substantially similar to the pitch of the groove 1 12h of the elongate member 10Oh of the screw pile 10h and the pitch of the groove 512h of the extension 500h, which allows the extension member 500h and the elongate member 100h to be screwed into the joining member 600h.

[00178] In this embodiment, the end portion 120h of the elongate member 100h of the screw pile 10h is received in the second end portion 630h of the joining member 600h. However, in further embodiments, the second end portion 630h of the joining member 600h may be received in the end portion 120h of the elongate member 100h or the elongate member 100h and the joining member 600h may be connected through alternative means. Moreover, in this embodiment, the end portion 120h of the elongate member 10Oh does not include a coupling in the form of apertures. However, in further embodiments, the end portion 120h of the elongate member 100h may include apertures like the screw pile 10a, 10b, 10c or 10d and/or a coupling member like the screw pile 1 0g. [00179] By using the joining member 600h, the total length of a screw pile can be increased, thereby increasing the depth at which the screw pile is installed in the ground. Installing the screw pile at a greater depth results in enhanced support for the structure that the screw pile is connected to.

[00180] Figures 20a and 20b illustrate a fin assembly 300f, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The fin assembly 300f may be used with any one of the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, 10g or 10h. The fin assembly 300f is substantially similar to the fin assembly 300c but differences therebetween are noted below.

[00181 ] Like the fin assembly 300c, the fin assembly 300f includes four fins 31 Of. However, in this embodiment, the four fins 31 Of extend radially from a single collar 350f rotatably mounted on the elongate member 100a, 100b, 100c, 10Od, 10Oe, 10Of , 10Og, or 10Oh of any one of the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, 10g or 10h.

[00182] Like the fin assembly 300c, each fin 31 Of has an outer vertical edge 314f which is distal from the collar 350f. However, in this embodiment, each outer vertical edge 314f has a linear member 370f attached thereto. The linear members 370f are non-planar with respect to the fins 31 Of and extend at an angle to the first and second surfaces 316f, 317f of the fins 31 Of. In this embodiment, each linear member 370f is substantially perpendicular to the first and second surfaces 316f, 317f of the respective fin 31 Of. However, in further embodiments, the linear members 370f may extend at angles other than 90 degrees from the first and second surfaces 316f, 317f of the fins 31 Of and/or one or more linear members 370f may extend at an angle from first and second surfaces 316f, 317f of their respective fin that is different from the angle at which another linear member 370f extends at from first and second surfaces 316f, 317f of its respective fin.

[00183] In this embodiment, each linear member 370f extends substantially along the entire outer vertical edge 314f. However, in further embodiments, the linear members 370f may extend along only a portion of the outer vertical edges 314f. Moreover, in this embodiment, the linear members 370f and the fins 31 Of are integrally formed. However, in further embodiments, the linear members 370f may be attached to the fins 31 Of via welding or an adhesive.

[00184] The linear members 370f enhance the strength and stiffness of the fins. Due to the presence of the linear members 370f, the fins 31 Of are able to provide a greater lateral resistance, thereby requiring fewer and/or smaller fins. Moreover, the linear members 370f make the fins 31 Of resistant to deformation or permanent damage by preventing buckling of the fins 31 Of when force is applied to them.

[00185] Figure 21 illustrates a pile assembly 20, according to a further embodiment of the invention. The pile assembly 20 includes a plate 700 through which four piles 10i pass.

[00186] The plate 700 has a substantially square shape. However, in further embodiments, the plate may be circular or have a polygonal or irregular shape. Moreover, in further embodiments, the plate 700 may have a downwardly and/or upwardly extending flange at one or more of its edges. The plate 700 is formed from a metal. The metal in this embodiment includes steel. However, in further embodiments, the plate 700 may be made from different materials including, for example, a composite and/or Aluminium.

[00187] The plate 700 includes two sets of apertures. The first set of apertures includes four substantially elliptical apertures 710, with each elliptical aperture 710 located adjacent to a corner of the plate 700. Each elliptical aperture 710 receives a pile 10i at an angle other than 90 degrees such that portions of the pile 1 0i extend on both sides of the plate 700.

[00188] A wall 71 1 extends from a surface of the plate 700 around each of the elliptical apertures 710 of the first set of apertures. Each wall 71 1 extends at an angle other than 90 degrees to the surface of the plate 700 such that a central axis of the bore formed by the wall 71 1 forms an angle other than 90 degrees with the plate 700.

[00189] The second set of apertures of the plate 700 includes a substantially circular central aperture located in the centre of the plate and eight linear slots radially arranged around the central aperture. The second set of apertures is used to attach a column, post, pole or any such structural member to the plate 700. However, in further embodiments, the plate may include other means, including slots and/or apertures of different shapes and sizes, to attach other structural members to the plate 700.

[00190] Each pile 0i includes an elongate member 10Oi which is substantially similar to the elongate member 100a of pile 10a but differences therebetween are noted below. However, in further embodiments, the elongate member 10Oi of one or more piles 10i may be similar to the elongate members 100a, 100b, 100c, 10Od, 10Oe, 10Of, 10Og, or 10Oh of any one of the screw piles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, 10g or 10h.

[00191 ] Like the elongate member 100a of pile 10a, the elongate member 10Oi has a groove 1 12i on its outer surface 1 10i. However, the elongate member 10Oi does not have a coupling, anchor member or leading bit at its end portions.

[00192] The piles 10i are inserted through the elliptical apertures 710 of the plate 700 via a rotary powerhead or a jackhammer. However, in further embodiments, the internal surface of the wall 71 1 of the plate 700 may be threaded and the piles 10i may be screwed into the walls 71 1 and through the elliptical apertures 710 of the plate 700.

[00193] The piles 10i, when inserted through the elliptical apertures 710 of the plate 700, are located at an angle other than 90 degrees to the plate 700, i.e the longitudinal axis 12i of the elongate member 10Oi of each pile 10i forms an angle other than 90 degrees with the plate 700. In this embodiment, each pile 10i is located at an angle and inclined in a direction that is different from the direction and the angle of inclination of the remaining piles 10i. However, in further embodiments, two ore more piles 10i may be located at the same angle and/or inclined in the same direction. Moreover, in further embodiments, the pile assembly 20 may include two, three or more than four piles 10i.

[00194] Each pile 10i has a proximal end portion 120i, that is located adjacent the walls 71 1 of the plate 700 when the pile 10i has been inserted through the elliptical apertures 710 of the plate 700, and a distal end portion 140i, that is located distal from the plate 700. When the pile assembly 20 is installed in the ground, the plate 700 is located immediately above the ground level and the distal end portions 140i of the elongate members 10Oi of the pile 10i are located in the soil, below the ground level.

[00195] In order to install the pile assembly 20, the plate 700 is first placed in position on the ground. The piles 10i are then inserted through the elliptical apertures 710 of the plate 700 until the proximal end portions 1 20i of the elongate members 10Oi of the piles 10i are adjacent the walls 71 1 of the plate 700 and the distal end portions 140i are secured in the ground, distal from the plate 700.

[00196] The pile assembly 20 serves as a stable and strong foundation onto which a structural column or post can be attached. An advantage of the pile assembly 20 over similar assemblies known in the art is that, due to the increased strength of the grooved elongate members 10Oi of the piles 10i, the total length of the piles 10i required is less than in conventional pile assemblies, thereby resulting in reduced manufacturing and installation costs. The use of the piles 10i in the pile assembly 20 is particularly advantageous as the groove on the elongate members 10Oi of the piles 10i provides the piles 10i with increased bending strength which is necessary to withstand the forces experienced by the piles when they are installed in the ground at an angle other than 90 degrees to the plate 700. [00197] In this specification, adjectives such as first and second, left and right, top and bottom, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one element or action from another element or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order. Where the context permits, reference to an integer or a component or step (or the like) is not to be interpreted as being limited to only one of that integer, component, or step, but rather could be one or more of that integer, component, or step etc.

[00198] The above description of various embodiments of the present invention is provided for purposes of description to one of ordinary skill in the related art. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to a single disclosed embodiment. As mentioned above, numerous alternatives and variations to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art of the above teaching. Accordingly, while some alternative embodiments have been discussed specifically, other embodiments will be apparent or relatively easily developed by those of ordinary skill in the art. The invention is intended to embrace all alternatives, modifications, and variations of the present invention that have been discussed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the spirit and scope of the above described invention. By way of example only, a groove 200 extending within an inner surface of the elongate member 100 may fall within the scope of the described invention.

[00199] In this specification, the terms 'comprises', 'comprising', 'includes', 'including', or similar terms are intended to mean a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a method, system or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include those elements solely, but may well include other elements not listed.