SELF-TANNING COSMETIC

[Technical Field]

[0001]

The present invention relates to a self-tanning cosmetic (a sunless tanning cosmetic) .

[Background Art]

[0002]

In North America and Europe, healthy sun tanned bronze skin is popular. However, the suntan caused by sun bathing or tanning bed raises concerns as possible causes of skin cancer and freckles due to the adverse effects caused by ultraviolet rays. For this reason, self-tanning cosmetics, which render a natural healthy suntan-like brown color effect to the skin, have been favorably used. Self-tanning cosmetics work to color the skin by the reaction of the skin and dihydroxyacetone (1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propanone) contained in the cosmetic composition thereof. However, during this reaction process, an unpleasant odor, i.e., a reaction odor, is generated and causes discomfort to consumers upon application, which has been problematic.

[0003]

However, substantially no study has been reported so far regarding the unpleasant odor upon application of a self-tanning cosmetic and the technology to improve the odor is in demand. Routinely, as measures to eliminate the discomfort caused by such unpleasant odor, the KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application perfume concentration of a perfume composition may be increased or a perfume composition having an intense fragrance may be used. However, as a result, a

stimulating odor derived from perfume substances results, posing a problem of deteriorating the quality of the fragrance .

[0004]

It is known that such an unpleasant odor varies in a time dependent manner as the skin coloring caused by dihydroxyacetone progresses (Non-Patent Literature 1) . Also, Patent Literature 1 discloses a personal treatment composition containing a perfume composition containing 70% or more of an enduring perfume for a long lasting fragrance. Further, a self- tanning composition is disclosed as an example of such a personal treatment composition. Patent Literature 2 also discloses a self- ^' tanning cosmetic scented with a perfume composition. The perfume composition applied in a self-tanning cosmetic contains several tens kinds of perfume raw materials. Meanwhile, Patent Literature 3 describes a perfume capsule which can be used in a skin cosmetic and

illustrates an example of a perfume which can neutralize the unpleasant odor when added to the perfume capsule . [Citation List]

[Non-Patent Literature]

[0005] KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[Non-Patent Literature 1] D. M. Hindenlang and M. E. McDonnell, Cosmetics & Toiletries magazine, 2008, Vol. 123, No. 7, p 67-74

[Patent Literature]

[0006]

[Patent Literature 1] US6,086,903

[Patent Literature 2] US2011/0152838

[Patent Literature 3] EP1719554

[Summary of Invention]

[0007]

The present invention provides a self-tanning cosmetic comprising the following component (A) ,

component (B) and component (C) :

(A) dihydroxyacetone ;

(B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol, 2-ethyl-4- (2, , 3- trimethyl-3 -cyclopenten-l-yl) -2 -buten- l-ol , 2-hexyl-3- phenyl-2-propenal and 2 -methyl- 3- (4-iso- propylphenyl ) propanal ; and

(C) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 3 , 7-dimethyl- 1 , 6-nonadien- 3 -ol , 1- (2,2,6- trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) -2 -buten- 1-one, 1- (5, 5-dimethyl - 1-cyclohexen- 1-yl) -4 -penten- 1-one , 1- ( 3 , 3 -dimethyl- 6 - cyclohexen- 1-yl) -4-penten-l-one, benzaldehyde and gamma- nonalactone .

[0008] KS1194PCT (P2013 -0101 O00) Specification of PCT Application

The present invention further provides a self- tanning method reducing odor derived from a compound represented by the following formula (1) , comprising a step of application of a self-tanning cosmetic to the skin for a browning reaction, wherein the self-tanning cosmetic comprises the component (A) , the component (B) and the component (C) ·.

[0009]

[0010]

wherein R ¹ represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or an acetyl group, and R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl grou .

[Brief Description of Drawings]

[0011]

[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a graph showing GC-MS analysis results of volatile substances generated by reacting human skin keratin and dihydroxyacetone .

[Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a method for collecting the volatile substances generated from an arm to which a self-tanning agent was applied.

[Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a graph showing the GC-MS analysis results of the volatile substances generated from the arm to which a self-tanning agent was applied. K31194PCT(P2013-0101 O00) Specification of PCT Application

[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a graph showing responses of olfactory receptor OR5K1 against various concentrations of 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine (n = 5 and error bar = ±SE) .

[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a graph showing responses of olfactory receptor OR5K1 against various concentrations of pyrazine compounds (n = 3 to 5) .

[Description of Embodiments]

[0012]

The present invention relates to a self-tanning cosmetic imparted with a good masking ability against the bad odor upon application of the self-tanning cosmetic without increasing the amount of a perfume added to the self-tanning cosmetic or using a perfume having an intense fragrance.

[0013]

The description of Non-Patent Literature 1 described earlier did not specify the odor substance generated when staining the skin by dihydroxyacetone . Also, the self- tanning cosmetics of Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 provided an insufficient deodorizing effect against the earthy odor perceived as an unpleasant odor, which is generated particularly from the initial stage to middle stage of the reaction while a consumer is using the self -tanning cosmetic.

[0014]

The present inventors found that pyrazines such as dimethylpyrazine are largely involved with the earthy KS1194PCT (P2013- 0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application odor generated while a consumer is using a self -tanning cosmetic. The present inventors further identified an olfactory receptor which senses the odor of pyrazines and found that specific several perfumes can be used as antagonists against the olfactory receptor. Furthermore, the present inventors found several perfumes which can effectively mask the odor of pyrazines which vaporizes from the self -tanning cosmetics. Based on the above findings, the present inventors found that a good masking ability against the bad odor generated upon application of a self-tanning cosmetic can be imparted by adding the above two groups of perfumes together with

dihydroxyacetone to the self-tanning cosmetic, without increasing the amount of perfumes or using a perfume having an intense fragrance .

[0015]

<Component (A) >

The self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention contains the component (A) dihydroxyacetone as an active ingredient to color by reacting with the skin. The content of component (A) in the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is, in the light of the coloring intensity to the skin, preferably 0.01 to 10 mass%, more preferably 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 5 mass%.

[0016]

<Component (B) > KS1194PCT(P2Q13 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The component (B) of the present invention is a compound having a high antagonist activity against the olfactory receptor of pyrazines generated by the reaction of the component (A) dihydroxyacetone and the skin, and can reduce the bad odor derived from pyrazines. Used as the component (B) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol

(Undecavertol ®; Givaudan) _; 2 -ethyl-4- (2 , 2 , 3 -trimethyl- 3-cyclopenten-l-yl) -2 -buten- l-ol (Bangalol ®; Givaudan), 2-hexyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal (also known as Amyl cinnamic aldehyde) and 2 -methyl -3- (4 - iso-propylphenyl ) ropanal

(also known as Cyclamen aldehyde) . The component (B) may be any one selected from the above listing, but

preferably contains two or more compounds .

[0017]

The content of component (B) in the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is, in light of the deodorizing effect and fragrance quality, preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.05 mass%, even more preferably 0.001 to 0.03 mass%, even more preferably 0.005 to 0.025 mass%, even more preferably 0.005 to 0.02 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 0.02 mass% .

[0018]

<Component (C) >

The component (C) of the present invention is a favorable component having a good masking ability against KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WOOQ)Specification of PCT Application the bad odor derived from pyrazines generated by the reaction of the component (A) dihydroxyacetone with the skin. Preferably used as the component (C) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 3,7- dimethyl-1, 6~nonadien-3 -ol (Ethyl linalool; Givaudan) , 1- (2,2, 6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) -2-buten-l-one (Damascone Alpha; Firmenich) , 1- (5 , 5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4- penten-l-one (Dynascone ®; Firmenich), 1- (3 , 3-dimethyl- 6-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4 -penten- 1-one (Dynascone ®;

Firmenich) , benzaldehyde and gamma-nonalactone (Aldehyde C-18 (so-called) ) . The component (C) may be any one selected from the above listing, but preferably contains two or more compounds .

[0019]

The content of component (C) in the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is, in light of a deodorizing effect and fragrance quality, preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably 0.003 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably 0.005 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 0.1 mass%.

[0020]

Further, the mass ratio of the component (B) content and the component (C) content in the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is, in light of enhancing the masking effect, preferably 1:10 to 10:1, more preferably 1:5 to 5:1, even more preferably 1:5 to 3:1. KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application [0021]

<Component (D) and other perfume components>

Further, the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention may contain, in addition to the components (B) and (C) , known perfume raw materials in light of

enhancing the product acceptability. The exemplary known perfume raw materials herein are the perfume raw

materials described in Common Fragrance and Flavor

Materials: Preparation, Properties and Uses, by Horst Surburg, Johannes Panten (John Wiley & Sons, 5th edition, 2006), Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, volume 1 and 2, by Steffen Arctander, (published by the author in 1969) , and Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin, by

Steffen Arctander (published by the author in 1961) .

[0022]

Unlimited examples of the known perfume raw material include 3 , 7-dimethyl-6-octen-l-ol (also known as

Citronellol) , 2 , 6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol (also known as Dihydro myrcenol) , 3 , 7-dimethyl-l, 6-octadien-3-ol (also known as Linalool) , phenyl ethyl alcohol, 3- (3, 4- methylenedioxyphenyl) -2-methylpropanal (also known as Helional ®; IFF) , p-tert-butyl-alpha-methyl

hydrocinnamic aldehyde (also known as Lilial ©Givaudan) , 1,3,4,6,7,8 -hexahydro-4 ,6,6,7,8,8 -hexamethyl cyclopenta- gamma-2-benzopyran (also known as Galaxolide ®; IFF) , 4- (2,6, 6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-yl) - 3 -methyl -3 -buten-2 - one (also known as Methyl ionone-gamma) , 2- KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application methylbutoxyacetic acid 2-propenyl ester (also known as Allyl amyl glycolate) , decahydro- 3a , 6 , 6 , 9a-tetramethyl naphth [2.1-b] furan (also known as Ambroxan ®;Kao), methyl dihydroj asmonate , benzyl acetate, gamma- undecalactone (Aldehyde C-14 (so-called) ) , cis-3-hexenyl salicylate, 7-methyl-3 , 4-dihydro- (2H) -1, 5 -benzodioxepin- 3 -one (Calone) , and the like.

Further, these known perfume raw materials may be added to the cosmetic after being dissolved in a solvent. As the solvent for perfumes, dipropylene glycol (DPG) , isopropyl myristate (IPM) , triethyl citrate (TEC) , or the like, may be used.

[0023]

The total content of the component (B) , the

component (C) and other perfume components in the self- tanning cosmetic of the present invention, i.e., the content of all perfume components, is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 mass%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.7 mass%, even more preferably 0.2 to 0.7 mass%, even more preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mass%.

[0024]

<Component (Ξ) Polysaccharide>

Further, the self -tanning cosmetic of the present invention preferably contains a polysaccharide as the component (E) in light of reducing the reaction odor. Examples of such a polysaccharide include starch, cyclodextrin, powder cellulose, etc. The content of KS1194PCT (P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application component (E) in the self -tanning cosmetic of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10 mass%, more preferably 1 to 10 mass%, even more preferably 2 to 8 mass%, even more preferably 3 to 7 mass%.

[0025]

<Component (P) Erythrulose>

Further, the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention preferably contains erythrulose as the

component (F) . In this instance, in light of coloring the skin, the component (A) dihydroxyacetone is

preferably added in a higher concentration than the component (F) erythrulose. Further, the total content of the components (A) and (B) in the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 20 mass%, more preferably 0.01 to 15 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 10 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably 0.01 to 5 mass%.

[0026]

<Other components>

To the self -tanning cosmetic of the present

invention, various routinely used components may be added. Examples include a moisturizer, an emulsifier, an antiinflammatory agent, a preservative, an oil, a thickener, a pH adjuster, water, or the like.

[0027]

<Dosage form> KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The dosage form for the self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention may be any form insofar as it is acceptable as a cosmetic. Examples include a spray, a mist, a cream, a lotion, a gel, a powder, a mask, a solution, an emulsion, or the like. A cream form is particularly desirable.

[0028]

<Method for reducing pyrazine-derived bad odor generated by the browning reaction>

The present invention can reduce the pyrazines- derived odor, which is generated by the application of the cosmetic containing the component (A) to the skin and the proceeding of browning reaction, by adding the component (B) and the component (C) to the cosmetic containing the component (A) . The pyrazines are the compounds represented by the following formula (1) :

[0029]

[0030]

wherein R ¹ represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or an acetyl group, and R , R ³ and R ⁴ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,

[0031]

which are in the compound group extremely analogous in the chemical structure to the compounds which the present KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application inventors revealed are the causative substances of the tanning odor. Examples of the causative substances of the tanning odor revealed by the present inventors include 2 -methyl pyrazine, 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine , 2,5- dimethylpyrazine , 2-ethyl-6-methyl pyrazine, 2-acetyl-3- methyl pyrazine, 2 , 3 , 6-trimethyl pyrazine, 2-acetyl-3 , 5- dimethylpyrazine, and the like; particularly with 2,6- dimethylpyrazine and 2 , 5-dimethylpyrazine being

frequently detected. These pyrazine compounds are the well known compounds as the flavors for food products. However, they are not well known as the structural components of the tanning odor.

[0032]

The kind and amount to be used of each component for the method of the present invention is the same as the contents described earlier for the self -tanning cosmetics.

[0033]

The self-tanning cosmetic of the present invention is preferably applied to the skin in an amount of 0.005 to 0.01 g/cm ² . The part of skin to which the cosmetic is applied is not particularly limited, and the cosmetic is applicable, for example, to the arms, legs, back, nape of the neck, face, and the like.

[0034]

Regarding the above-mentioned embodiments, hereafter preferable embodiments of the present invention are further disclosed. KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application <1>

A self -tanning cosmetic comprising the following component (A) , component (B) and component (C) :

(A) dihydroxyacetone ;

(B) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-3 -decen-5-ol , 2-ethyl-4- (2,2,3 -trimethyl-3 -cyclopenten- 1-yl) - 2 -buten- l-ol , 2- hexyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal and 2 -methyl -3 - ( 4 -iso- propylphenyl) propanal ; and

(C) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 3 , 7-dimethyl-l, 6 -nonadien- 3 -ol , 1- (2,2, 6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) -2-buten-l-one, 1- (5, 5- dimethyl-l-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, 1- (3 , 3- dimethyl-6-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, benzaldehyde and gamma-nonalactone .

<2>

The self-tanning cosmetic of the above-mentioned item <1>, wherein the mass ratio of the contents of the component (B) and the component (C) is preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:5 to 5:1, even more preferably from 1:5 to 3:1.

<3>

The self -tanning cosmetic of the above-mentioned item <1> or <2>, wherein the content of the component (B) is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0,001 to 0.05 mass%, even more preferably from 0.001 to 0.03 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.025 KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.02 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.02 mass%.

<4>

The self-tanning cosmetic of any one of the above- mentioned items <1> to <3>, wherein the content of the component (C) is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0.003 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.1 mass%.

<5>

The self-tanning cosmetic of any one of above- mentioned items <1> to <4>, wherein the content of the component (A) is preferably from 0.01 to 10 mass%, more preferably from 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mass%.

<6>

The self-tanning cosmetic of any one of the above- mentioed items <1> to <5>, further comprising a

polysaccharide as a component (E) .

<7>

The self-tanning cosmetic of the above-mentioned item <6>, wherein the content of the component (E) is preferably from 0.1 to 10 mass%, more preferably from 1 to 10 mass%, even more preferably from 2 to 8 mass%, even more preferably from 3 to 7 mass%.

<8> KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The self -tanning cosmetic of any one of the above- mentioned items <1> to <7>, further comprising

erythrulose as a component (F) .

<9>

The self-tanning cosmetic of the above-mentioned item <8>, wherein the total content of the components (A) and (F) is preferably from 0.01 to 20 mass%, more preferably from 0.01 to 15 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 10 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mass%.

<10>

A self-tanning method reducing odor derived from a compound represented by the following formula (1) and generated by the application of a cosmetic containing the following component (A) to skin and the proceeding of tanning reaction, comprising adding the following component (B) and component (C) to the cosmetic:

(A) dihydroxyacetone

(B) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol , 2-ethyl-4- (2,2, 3 -trimethyl-3 -cyclopenten-l-yl) -2 -buten-l-ol, 2 - hexyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal and 2 -methyl- 3- (4-iso- propylpheny1) propanal ; and

(C) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 3 , 7 -dimethyl- 1 , 6 -nonadien-3 -ol , 1- (2,2, 6-trimethyl-2 -cyclohexenyl) -2-buten-l-one, 1- (5 , 5- dimethyl-l-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, 1- (3 , 3- KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application dimethyl- 6 -cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, benzaldehyde and gamma-nonalactone ;

wherein R ¹ represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or an acetyl group, and R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

<11>

The method of the above-mentioned item <10>, wherein the odor derived from the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably earthy odor.

<12>

The method of the above-mentioned item <10> or <11>, the mass ratio of the contents of the component (B) and the component (C) in the cosmetic is preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:5 to 5:1, even more preferably from 1:5 to 3:1.

<13>

The method of any one of the above-mentioned items <10> to <12>, wherein the content of the component (B) in the cosmetic is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 mass%, even more preferably from 0.001 to 0.03 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.025 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.02 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.02 mass%.

<14 KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The method of any one of the above-mentioned items <10> to <13>, wherein the content of the component (C) in the cosmetic is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0.003 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.1 mass% .

<15>

The method of any one of the above-mentioned items <10> to <14>, wherein the content of the component (A) in the cosmetic is preferably from 0.01 to 10 mass%, more preferably from 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mass%.

<16>

Use of a composition comprising the following component (A) , component (B) and component (C) as a self- tanning cosmetic:

(A) dihydroxyacetone ;

(B) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol, 2-ethyl-4- (2,2, 3 -trimethyl-3 -cyclopenten-l-yl) -2 -buten- l-ol , 2- hexyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal and 2 -methyl -3- (4-iso- propylpheny1) propanal ; and

(C) at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 3 , 7-dimethyl-l, 6-nonadien-3-ol, 1- (2,2, 6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) -2-buten-l-one, 1- (5, 5- dimethyl-l-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, 1- (3 , 3- KS1194PCT(P2013-0I01 O0Q) Specification of PCT Application dimethyl- 6 -cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one, benzaldehyde and gamma-nona1actone .

<17>

The use of the above-mentioned item <16>, wherein the mass ratio of the contents of the component (B) and the component (C) in the composition is preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:5 to 5:1, even more preferably from 1:5 to 3:1.

<18>

The use according to the above-mentioned item <16> or <17>, wherein the content of the component (B) in the composition is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 mass%, even more preferably from 0.001 to 0.03 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.025 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.02 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.02 mass% .

<19>

The use according to any one of the above-mentioned items <16> to <18>, wherein the content of the component (C) in the composition is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably from 0.003 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.005 to 0.1 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.1 mass%.

<20>

The use according any one of the above-mentioned items <16> to <19>, wherein the content of the component (A) in the composition is preferably from 0.01 to 10 KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application mass%, more preferably from 0.01 to 7 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mass%.

<21>

The use according to any one of the above-mentioned items <16> to <20>, wherein the composition preferably further comprises a polysaccharide as a component (E) . <22>

The use according to any one of the above-mentioned items <21>, wherein the content of the component (E) in the composition is preferably from 0.1 to 10 mass%, more preferably from 1 to 10 mass%, even more preferably from 2 to 8 mass%, even more preferably from 3 to 7 mass%. <23>

The use according to any one of the above-mentioned items <16> to <22>, wherein the composition preferably further comprises erythrulose as a component (F) .

<24>

The use according to the above-mentioned items <23>, wherein the total content of the components (A) and (F) in che composition is preferably from 0.01 to 20 mass%, more preferably from 0.01 to 15 mass%, even more

preferably from 0.01 to 10 mass%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 7 massl, even more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mass% .

[Example]

[0035] KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WOQ0) Specification of PCT Application

The following examples further describe and

demonstrate embodiments of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention.

[0036]

Test Example 1: Analysis of the volatile substance generated by the reaction of dihydroxyacetone and the skin keratin

The analysis of the volatile substances generated by the reaction of dihydroxyacetone and the skin keratin was carried out .

A subject (one healthy Japanese male) refrained from applying any kind of cream to his heels on the day before the keratin-collection. After the subject thoroughly washed the heels with warm water and completely dried, the calloused skin (powdery form) of the heels was collected using a commercial keratin smoother (Motorized heel smoother, Panasonic ES2502OPP) . After the

collection, the collected powder was put in a glass container and, without a lid, left to stand overnight in a dryer (50°C) , thereby obtaining a dehydrated

substantially odorless white powder. The thus dried keratin powder, in a glass tube with the lid on, was stored in a refrigerator unless it was used.

10 mg of the dried keratin powder and 0.1 mL of an aqueous solution of dihydroxyacetone (10 mass%) were KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application mixed in a glass container (20 mL) . The upper part of the container was sealed with a rubber septum. The mixture was stored for 5 days while heated (50°C) . As a result, the color of keratin powder changed to brown and an intense reaction odor was generated. The rubber septum was pierced with an SP E (Solid Phase Micro

Extraction) fiber, and the volatile substances generated were collected and analyzed for GC-MS. The results are shown in Fig. 1.

As shown in Fig. 1, lower aldehydes, lower fatty acids, furans, pyrans, pyrazi es, and the like, were detected. In the low threshold components, 2,6- dimethylpyrazine had a particularly high peak abundance.

The same test (stored for 5 days while heated to 50°C) was carried out using 0.1 mL of an aqueous solution of dihydroxyacetone (10 mass%) or a mixture of 10 mg of keratin powder and 0.1 mL of pure water, but no pyrazines were detected.

[0037]

Test Example 2 : Analysis of volatile substances generated during the self-tanning agent application and evaluation of the contribution of the substance to odor

Five healthy American females (all Caucasian/white) cooperated with the test. The subjects (with their right hand) applied 0.5 mL of the self-tanning agent

(unperfumed, dihydroxyacetone concentration 2 mass%, KS1194PCT (P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application erythrulose concentration 0.5 mass%) throughout their entire left forearm.

The collection of reaction odor was carried out by a technique to which the SPME (Solid Phase Micro

Extraction) method was applied. Pig. 2 shows a diagram of the technique .

First, a large number of air holes (inner diameter 4 mm) were made at the tip (4 cm) of a commercial Teflon tube (inner diameter 8 mm, outer diameter 10 mm, length 9 cm) . Using 2 circular inactive rubber septa, the SPME needle part was fixed inside the Teflon tube.

Subsequently, the SPME fiber (originally stored inside the needle) coated with an adsorbent was pushed out and exposed. The connecting part (notch) to the SPME holder (main body) was covered and protected with a thin Teflon tube (6 cm) .

For a sleeve (arm cover) , one with the surface coated with Teflon (FLON INDUSTRY, 120 mm<j>, length 400 mm) was used. After the coated surface was turned inside (facing the arm), the SPME device was arranged in the center and fixed from outside with 2 plastic rings. The SPME fiber used was P/N 57335-U (manufactured by SUPELCO Inc.) up to 4 hours from immediately after the

application of the self-tanning agent and P/N 57348-U (manufactured by SUPELCO Inc.) from 4 hours to 8 hours after the application of the self -tanning agent. When KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application the fiber was exchanged, the Teflon sleeve was also exchanged with a new one.

[0038]

(Analysis of the volatile substances generated from the arm)

Fig. 3 shows an example of the GC-MS analysis results (analysis results of the substances collected from the arm from 4 to 8 hours after the application) . Most of the high peaks were made by the silicon compounds derived from the SPME fiber. However, detailed analysis close to the baseline revealed the presence of lower ketone, lower alcohol, 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine , acetic acid, formic acid, and the like. The analysis results of the volatile substances collected from the arm of the same subject from 0 to 4 hours after the application were similar to the results analyzed from 4 to 8 hours after the application. In the head space analysis of the arms to which the agent was not applied, 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine was not detected.

[0039]

(Evaluation of contribution of the substance to the odor) The odor of 5 subjects' arm was subjected to sensory evaluation. The table below shows the evaluation results on the similarity of the substances easily detected directly from the arm after the product application to the reaction odor. The evaluation was carried out using reagents by 4 people. KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00)Specification of PCT Application [Criteria]

A: Evaluated as similar by 3 or more people

B: Evaluated as similar by 1 to 2 people

C: Evaluated as similar by 0 people

[0040]

[Table 1]

[0041]

Test Example 3 Identification of olfactory receptor responding to pyrazine derivatives

1) Cloning of human olfactory receptor gene

Human olfactory receptors were cloned based on sequence information registered in GenBank by PCR using human genomic DNA female (G1521: Promega Corporation) as a template. Each gene amplified by PCR was incorporated into pENTR vector (Invitrogen Inc.) in accordance with the manual and recombined to the NotI and AscI sites located downstream of a Flag-Rho tag sequence in a pME18S vector using the NotI and AscI sites present on the pENTR vector . KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application [0042]

2) Production of pME18S -RTP1S vector

An RTP1S variant gene (SEQ ID NO: 3) encoding an RTP1S variant (SEQ ID NO: 4) was incorporated into the EcoRI and Xhol sites of a pME18S vector.

[0043]

3) Production of olfactory receptor- expressing cell

HEK293 cells expressing 373 types of human olfactory receptors were produced. A reaction solution having a composition shown in Table 2 was prepared, left to stand in a clean bench for 15 min and then was dispensed in each well of a 96 well plate (Becton, Dickinson and Company) . Subsequently, HEK293 cells (100 μΐϋ, 3 x 10 ⁵ cells/cm ² ) were seeded in each well and cultured in an incubator at 37°C under 5 mass% C0 ₂ for 24 hours.

[0044]

[Table 2]

[0045]

4) Luciferase assay

An olfactory receptor expressed in HEK293 cells couples with endogenous Gas in the cells to activate KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application adenylate cyclase and thereby increases the amount of intracellular cAMP. In this study, the odor response was measured by luciferase reporter gene assay which monitors an increase in amount of intracellular cAMP as the luminescence value derived from a firefly luciferase gene ( fluc2P-CRE-hygro) . A Renilla luciferase gene was fused with the downstream of a CMV promoter (hRluc-CMV) and was also introduced to HEK293 cells as an internal standard to correct errors in gene transfer efficiency and number of cells .

The culture medium was removed from the culture produced in the above 3), and 75 ^iL of a solution prepared with a CD293 medium (Invitrogen Inc.) so as to contain a pyrazine derivative (1 mM 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine) was added thereto. The cells were cultured in a C0 ₂ incubator for 2.5 hours to sufficiently express the luciferase gene in the cells. The luciferase activity was measured with a Dual-Glo™ luciferase assay system (Promega Corporation) in accordance with the operating manual of the system. The fold increases were calculated by dividing the luminescence value derived from firefly luciferase induced by stimulation with the odor

substances by the luminescence value in cells not stimulated with the odor substances and were used as an index of response strength.

[0046]

5) Result KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The response of each of the 373 types of olfactory receptors to 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine (1 m ) was measured, and the results showed that only olfactory receptor OR5K1 responded to 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine (Fig. 4) .

Olfactory receptor OR5K1 is expressed in human olfactory cells and has been registered in GenBank under the accession number GI : 115270955. OR5K1 is a protein encoded by a gene having a nucleotide sequence

represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.

Response of OR5K1 to 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine has not been reported until now, and OR5K1 is a novel 2 , 6 - dimethylpyrazine receptor.

[0047]

Test Example 4 Response characteristics of OR5K1 to pyrazine derivatives

Olfactory receptor OR5K1 (SEQ ID NO: 2) was

expressed in HEK293 cells together with an RTP1S variant (SEQ ID NO: 4) by the same procedure as in Test Example 3, and the dependency of the response on the concentration (0, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 μΜ) in various pyrazine compounds was investigated. The pyrazine compounds used in this Example were pyrazine and pyrazine derivatives selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpyrazine, 2 , 3 -dimethylpyrazine, 2 , 5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5- trimethylpyrazine, 2 , 3 , 5 , 6- tetramethylpyrazine, and 2- ethylpyrazine . KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

The results were that O 5K1 concentration- dependently responded to the pyrazine derivatives, i.e., 2-methylpyrazine, 2 , 3 -dimethylpyrazine , 2,5- dimethylpyrazine, 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine , 2,3,5- trimethylpyrazine, 2 , 3 , 5, 6-tetramethylpyrazine, and 2- ethylpyrazine , but did not respond to pyrazine (Fig. 5).

[0048]

Test Example 5 Identification of antagonist against

0R5K1

Antagonist activities of 174 test materials against olfactory receptor OR5K1 were investigated by examining response of OR5K1 to a pyrazine derivative.

2 , 6 -Dimethylpyrazine (1 m ) and each of the test materials (300 μΜ) were added to HEK293 cells expressing olfactory receptor 0R5 1 by the same procedure as in Test Example 4, and the response of the olfactory receptor to 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine was measured to evaluate a change in response of the receptor due to addition of the test material. Perfumes recognized to have cytotoxicity were re-evaluated using a mixture of 333 μΜ of 2,6- dimethylpyrazine and 100 μΜ of a test material.

The receptor response-inhibiting rate of a test material was calculated as follows. The receptor activity (X-Y) by stimulation with 2 , 6 -dimethylpyrazine alone was determined by subtracting the luminescence value (Y) in cells to which the receptor was introduced but were not stimulated with 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine from KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application the luminescence value (X) derived from firefly

luciferase induced by odor stimulation with 2,6- dimethylpyrazine alone. Similarly, the receptor activity

(Z-Y) in the presence of a test material was determined by subtracting the luminescence value (Y) in cells not stimulated with 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine from the

luminescence value (Z) stimulated with a mixture of 2,6- dimethylpyrazine and the test material. The reduction rate of the receptor activity (Z-Y) in the presence of a test material to the receptor activity (X-Y) by

stimulation with 2 , 6-dimethylpyrazine alone was

calculated by the following computation expression:

Inhibition rate (%) = { 1- (Z-Y) / (X-Y) } x 100,

to determine the receptor response-inhibiting rate of the test material. In the measurement, multiple independent experiments were performed in duplicate, and the average of each experiment was used.

[0049]

<Result>

As shown in Table 3 regarding representative

compounds, 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol (Undecavertol ®;

Givaudan) , 2-ethyl-4- (2 , 2 , 3 -trimethyl-3 -cyclopenten- 1- yl) -2-buten-l-ol (Bangalol ®; Givaudan), 2-hexyl-3- phenyl-2-propenal (also known as Amyl cinnamic aldehyde) and 2 -methyl- 3- (4-iso-propylphenyl) propanal (also known as Cyclamen aldehyde) recognized to have the antagonist activity on the response of OR5K1 to pyrazine derivatives . KS1194PCT(P2013-0101 O0Q) Specification of PCT Application

On the other hand, methyl dihydrojasmonate, 4- methyl-2- (2-methylpropyl) tetrahydro-2H-4-pyranol (also known as Plorosa) and 4- (p-hydroxyphenyl) -2-butanone (also known as Raspberry ketone) recognized to have no antagonist activity described above.

[0050]

[Table 3]

[0051]

Test Example 6 Sensory Test

<Preparation of compositions>

The unperfumed self-tanning cosmetic shown in Table 4 was prepared and 1 mass% of dimethylpyrazine was added thereto. Each of the perfume raw materials was added to the cosmetic so that a perfume concentration is 0.1 mass%, and the evaluation was carried out in accordance with the following evaluation method and criteria.

[0052]

<Evaluation method and criteria>

(1) Evaluation method

1. Scent 99.9 g of the self -tanning cosmetic

containing dimethylpyrazine with 0.1 g (0.1 mass%) of each of the perfume raw materials. At this time, in KS1194PCT(P2013 -0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application consideration of a threshold, specific raw materials were used in the form of a perfume solution diluted to 10 mass% with dipropylene glycol.

2. Uniformly spread 0.5 g of the prepared self- tanning cosmetic on a piece of wrapping paper sized 15 cm x 15 cm.

3. Evaluate the fragrance in accordance with the following criteria.

[0053]

(2) Criteria

5 : No malodor of dimethylpyrazine

4 : Slight malodor of dimethylpyrazine

3 : Moderate malodor of dimethylpyrazine

2 : Slightly strong malodor of dimethylpyrazine

1: Strong malodor of dimethylpyrazine

[0054]

<Evaluation result>

Table 5 shows the evaluation results of methyl dihydroj asmonate and 5 perfume raw materials which had good reduction activity on the discomfort caused by the bad odor as the result of the above evaluation. The evaluation was carried out based on the discussion among four specialized panelists and was shown in units of 0.5. KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[0055]

[Table 4]

* Proposed INCI Name. Purchased from Akzo Nobel as a Trade Name of PC-10-40.

** Ceteareth-20 is the polyethylene glycol ether of Cetearyl Alcohol, wherein the average chain length of polyethylene glycol unit is 20.

*** Steareth-2 is the polyethylene glycol ether of Stearyl Alcohol, wherein the average chain length of polyethylene glycol unit is 2.

**** DMDM Hydantoin: 1, 3-Bis (hydroxymethyl) -5, 5- dimethylhydantoin . This material exists as an equilibrium mixture with 1-Hydroxymethyl-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[0056]

[Table

* Dynascone (purchased from Firmenich) : 10 mass% dipropylene glycol solution of the mixture of l-(5,5- Dimethyl -1-cyclohexen-l-yl) -4-penten-l-one and l-(3,3- Dimethyl - 6 - cyclohexen- 1-yl) -4 -penten- 1-one

[0057]

Examples 1 to 15, Comparative Examples 1 to 7

The self -tanning cosmetic shown in Table 4 was scented with 0.5 mass% of Perfumes 1 to 17 shown in Tables 6 and 7, and evaluated in accordance with the following method and criteria.

[0058]

<Evaluation method and criteria>

(1) Evaluation method

0.5 g of the perfume-applied self -tanning cosmetic was weighed, mixed homogeneously with 0.1 g of keratin powder and uniformly spread on a piece of wrapping paper sized 15 cm x 15 cm. The resultant paper was left to stand at 25°C in a thermostat and the trailing fragrance from the wrapping paper was evaluated 3 hours later in accordance with the following criteria. The results are shown in Tables 8 and 9. The evaluation was carried out based on the discussion among four specialized panelists and was shown in units of 0.5. KS1194PCT(P2013-Q101WO0Q) Specification of PCT Application [0059]

(2) Criteria

5 : No Malodor

4 : Slight Malodor

3 : Moderate Malodor

2 : Slightly Strong Malodor

1 : Strong Malodor

KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[00G0]

[Table 6]

Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Component Undecavertol 30 3 0.5 30 50 3 30 30 30

( ^B ) Bangalo! 6 2 2 2 2 30 2 6 2 2 2

Amyl Cirtnamic Aldehyde 2 2 2 2 2 30 2 2 2

Cyclamen Aldehyde 2 2 2 2 2 40 2 2 2

Component Ethyf Ltna!ool 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 25 50 100

(C) a-Damascone 2 2 2

Dynascone 1 1 1

Benzaldehyde 1 1 1

Aldehyde C-18 1 1 1

Component Benzyl Acetate 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

(D) Dihydro Myrcenoi 10 10 10 10 10 10 1C 10 10 10 10

AJlyi Amyl Glycolate 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Calone 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Aldehyde C-14 peach 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Helional 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Citronelloi 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

Li!ial 30 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130

Linalool 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Methyl Dihydrojasmonate 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250

Ambroxan 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

Gaiaxolide 651P 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200

Methyl !onone G 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 cis-3-Hexen l Saiicilate 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Dipropylene Glycol 134 161 163.5 34 114 133 138 124 134 09 59

Total 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

KS1194PCT (P2013-0101 O00) Specification of PCT Application

[0061]

[Table 7]

Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Component Undecavertol 30 30 30 30 30 30 60

(B) Bangalol 2 2 2 2 2 6 6

Amyl Cinnamic Aldehyde 2 2 2 2 2

Cyclamen Aldehyde 2 2 2 2 2

Component Ethyl Linalool 2 10 5 10 30 70 25

(C) a-Damascorte 2 2 10 2

Dynascone 1 1 5 10 1

Bertzaldehyde 1 1 10 5 1

Aldehyde C-18 1 1 5 1

Component Benzyl Acetate 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

(D) Dihydro Myrcenol 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Allyl Amyl Glycolate 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Calone 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Aidehyde C-14 peach 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Helional 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 -J0

Citronel!oi 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

U!ial 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130

Linalool 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

JViethyJ Dihydrqjasmonate 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250

Ambroxan 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

Galaxolide 65IP 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200

Methyl lonone G 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 cis-3-Hexenyl Sa!ici!ate 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Dipropyiene Glycol 157 149 134 134 164 164 134 170 130 170 200

Total 000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 000 1000 1000 1000

KS1194PCT (P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[0062]

[Table 8]

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11

Composition in Table (Basic formulation) 99.5 99.5 99-5 99.5 99.5 99.5 9S.5 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.5

Perfume 1 0.5

Perfume 2 0.5

Perfume 3 0.5

Perfume 4 0.5

Perfume 5 0.5

Perfume 6 0.5

Perfume 7 0.5

Perfume 8 0.5

Perfume 9 0.5

Perfume 10 0.5

Perfume 11 0.5

Perfume 12

Perfume 13

Perfume 14

Perfume 15

Perfume 16

Perfume 17

Perfume 18

Perfume 19

Perfume 20

Perfume 21

Perfume 22

Evaluation of fragrance 4.5 3.5 3.0 4.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5

KS1134PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[0063]

[Table 9]

Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7

Composition in Table (Basic formulation) 99~5 99.5 99.5 99.5 ^' 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.5 99~!5 99.5 99.5

Perfume 1

Perfume 2

Perfume 3

Perfume 4

Perfume 5

Perfume 6

Perfume 7

Perfume 8

Perfume 9

Perfume 10

Perfume 11

Perfume 12 0.5

Perfume 13 0.5

Perfume 14 0.5

Perfume 15 0.5

Perfume 16 0.5

Perfume 17 0.5

Perfume 18 0.5

Perfume 19 0.5

Perfume 20 0.5

Perfume 21 0.5

Perfume 22 0.5

Evaluation of fragrance 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0

KS1194PCT(P2013-0101WO00) Specification of PCT Application

[0064]

[Formulation Example]

The self-tanning cosmetics of the following Formulation Examples 1 and 2 are scented with 0.5 mass% of Perfume 3 shown in Table 6.

[0065]

[Table 10]

* Carbopol® EDT2020 : Acrylates / ClO-30 alkyl acr^late crosspolymer ** Steareth-2 is the polyethylene glycol ether of Stearyl Alcohol, wherein the average chain length of polyethylene glycol unit is 2. *** Proposed INCI Name. Purchased from Akzo Nobel as a Trade Name of PC-10-40. KS1194PCT (P2013 - 0101 O00 ) Specification of PCT Application

[0066]

[Table

* Steareth-2 is the polyethylene glycol ether of Stearyl Alcohol, wherein the average chain length of polyethylene glycol unit is 2. ** Proposed INCI Name. Purchased from Akzo Nobel as a Trade Name of PC-10-40.