TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION

The invention relates to ammunition for hunting, and can be used for shooting from the smooth-bore.

BACKGROUND

A known shot shell contains a wad container in the form of a cup (for the shot charger itself), and also a shock absorber and an obturator, besides an upper part of a wad container's cup is cut into parts and is incurved in order to hold a shot charger in a wad container [see a patent of France N° 1599336 from the class F42B, published 15.07.1970].

The main disadvantage of this technical solution is that a shot charger is not able to leave a cup of a wad container completely, because the upper part of a cup is cut into parts and incurved, creating "pockets", which due to the power of inertia of a shot charger do not open completely or open just partly, that is why a part of a shot charger can't leave a wad container, and the rest of a shot charger leaves a wad container unexpectedly, which makes the shooting ineffective. This disadvantage is eliminated in a shot charger, which contains a wad container in the form of a cup (for the shot charger itself), and also a shock absorber and an obturator, besides an upper part of a wad container's cup is cut into parts. In order to hold a shot charger, an upper part of a paper cartridge is incurved [see a patent of Russian Federation N° 2234046 from the classes F42B 7/02, F42B 5/285, F42B 5/307, published 10.08.2004].

Despite that the incurved paper part of a cartridge case tears off in a moment of a shot, it is an obstacle and it slows down a free movement in the flight of a shot charger, which makes the shooting ineffective.

The closest thing in its purpose and effect and which is taken as a prototype, is a shot shell, which contains a wad container in the form of a cup (for the shot charger itself), with a side wall and bottom, and is provided with an obturator cuff and a shock absorber; besides four through cuts, which create the petals, are made in the side wall of wad container's cup parallel to its lengthwise axis. In order to hold a shot charger in the cup of a wad container, the upper butt of a cup is covered with an obturator padding (cuff) [see a patent of Russian Federation N° 2439471 from the classes F42B 7/02, F42B 7/08, published 10.01.2012].

The main disadvantage of a known technical solution is a small effective range of a shooting as a result of a strong resistance of a wad container's cup to the contrary air stream, which leads to the tearing off of a wad container from a shot charger on a short distance from the weapon.

TECHNICAL TASK

The task of a considerable increase of an effective range of shooting with the simultaneous increase of close grouping and the uniformity of dispersion on the account of creating favorable aerodynamic conditions for the free flight of a shot charger by means of an implementation of corresponding constructive changes into a shot charger, due to which it acquires brand new functional qualities, is taken as a basis of an invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The solution of a stated task is achieved in the following way: a shot charger, contains a wad container in the form of a cup (for the shot charger itself) with a shock absorber and an obturator, besides an upper part of a cup is cut into parts in order to form petals; according to the proposition it is equipped with an additional container, made in a form of metal hollow bottomless shell of an aerodynamic form with a central through axial holes in the spout, which contains a shot charger and is situated in a wad container's cup and at the same time carries out a function of a means of transportation of a shot charger and sabot bullet.

Due to the additional container, in which a shot charger is, the last one, after the shot and the separating of a wad container from a shot charger, stays in an additional container for some time, leaving it slowly, which increases the effective range of shooting, and also an additional container stabilizes a flight of a shot charger on the trajectory of a shot, which increases the accuracy, close grouping and the uniformity of dispersion of a shot charger.

Due to the fact that an additional container is metal and has an aerodynamic form, it is capable to achieve a target with an effective striking power, and so it carries out not only the function of a container for the transportation of a shot charger, but also a function of an additional shot in a form of sabot bullet.

As a variant, an additional metal container can be made with several separate hollow spaces for placing a shot charger into them. In this case, separate through holes for letting air in every hollow space are made in an aerodynamic streamlined spout of an additional container opposite every hollow space. The stated holes can have the same, as well as different diameter. Besides, a shot charger can be made in a form of steel bullets with covering, for example copper-plated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The further point of a suggested technical solution is explained together with an illustrative material, which depicts the following: Figure 1 - a suggested shot shell, crosscut, for the best presentation of a design;

Figure 2 - the same, with the inner canister shot;

Figure 3 - the same, with a multi hollow spaced container;

Figure 4 - a shot shell during a flight;

Figure 5 - a condition of a struck target with a suggested shot shell.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

A suggested shot shell contains a wad container 1 with a cup 2, an upper part of which is cut lengthwise into parts for the creation of petals. A wad container 1 also contains a shock absorber 3 and an obturator 4. In a cup 2 of a wad container 1 an additional container 5 is put, which is made in a form of a metal unopened hollow bottomless shell of an aerodynamic form with a central through axial opening 6 in a spout. A shot charger 7 is situated in an additional container 5. The speed of shot charger 7 leaving an additional container 5, and also the range of shooting and close grouping are regulated by the diameter of opening 6. An additional container 5 carries out at the same time the function of a means of transportation of a shot charger 7 and sabot bullet. As a variant, steel bullets can be used as a shot charger 8. As a variant, an additional container can have several separate hollow spaces 9 for placing a shot charger 7 into them. In this case, separate through openings 10 for letting air in the definite hollow space 9 are made in the aerodynamic streamlined spout of an additional container opposite every hollow space. The stated openings 10 can have the same, as well as different diameter.

The suggested shot shell "Luman" works in such a way.

After a shot, a wad container 1 with an additional container 5 fly together from a gun barrel. On the distance of approximately 10 meters a wad container 1 petals, which slow down its flight, open and it separates from an additional container 5. After the separation and fall of a wad container 1 , an additional container 5 with a shot charger 7 continues its flight on the trajectory of a shot. At the same time the contrary air stream comes into an inner hollow space of an additional container 5 through the hole 6 and gradually pushes out a shot charger 7 from it. It happens on the distance of approximately 40 meters from a shooter. At the same time a shot charger 7, making its free flight after an additional container 5, happens in a zone of aerodynamic "shadow", in which a minimal air resistance is, which contributes to the keeping of a flight speed of a shot charger 7 and keeping its close grouping. Air, which flows around an additional container 5, naturally becomes wider after it in a zone of exhaustion (in a zone of aerodynamic "shadow"), clamping the small shots of a shot charger 7, contributing to the close grouping of its flight. Due to this, a suggested shot shell allows to do an aimed shooting on the distance of 100 meters with a high close grouping of striking a target and to hit the latest with an additional container 5 as a sabot bullet.

The flight of a shot shell with an additional container 5 filled with steel bullets, or with several hollow spaces 9 goes in the same way. Besides, if holes 10 are different, the striking of a target will happen by pseudo bursts of fire, because the speed of pushing out the shot chargers 7 from every hollow space 9 will happen at different time.

An example of a definite design. An external diameter of a container is 17 mm, an inner hollow space has diameter of 9,5-10 mm, total length is 40 mm, total weight is 32-34 grams (it depends on the kind of a shot charger). A spout hole has diameter of 2 mm. An additional container is made from the aluminum of D16T kind and is placed into a plastic wad container with a shock absorber and obturator, which eliminates the damage of a bore of a gun. A shot shell of stated sizes is put into a cartridge case of 12/70 calibre. Suggested shot shell can be used for the shooting from any kind of smooth bore of the 12-th calibre. The initial flight speed of a shot charger is 350-430 m/s. On the distance of 100 m a shot charger hits the target with dispersion not more than on 1 ,4 m.

The essential difference of a suggested technical solution from the former known is that the shot shell has unopened bottomless additional container of an aerodynamic profile with through hole in the spout, filled with a shot charger and is situated in the petal wad container. The stated difference allows an additional container to create an aerodynamic "shadow" after itself, and due to that to transport a shot charger on a greater distance, and at the same time to give an additional container the qualities of a sabot bullet. None of known designs of shot shells have the listed qualities at the same time, because all of them do not have in their structure the stated essential features, peculiar for the suggested technical solution.

TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES OF INVENTION

The technical advantages of the suggested technical solution in comparison with the prototype are the following:

- the increase of an effective range and close grouping of a flight of an inner shot charger due to the fact that during the flight it is in an aerodynamic "shadow", created by an additional container;

- high effectiveness of a shot due to the fact that an additional container carries out a function of a sabot bullet;

- the possibility of hitting a target by the bursts of a shot charger due to the fact there are several hollow spaces with different holes in a spout part in an additional container;

- the simplicity of production and assemblage due to the fact that an additional container is bottomless and at the same time it is a lid for preventing a shot charger from scattering.