The title of the invention (as mentioned in the declaration)

Smart road stud with the ability to detect the condition of cars and road

The technical field of the invention

Artificial intelligence, electronics, computer

Technical problem and articulation of the goals of the invention

Technical problems: One of the technical problems of roads and streets that cause accidents is lack of drivers’ sufficient visibility for reasons such as: fog, snow, rain, road turns, tunnels, high speed on highways, natural obstacles Such as rocks, trees, humans, the passage of wild and domestic animals, fire, etc.

Objectives of the invention: Reduction of accidents and loss of life and property by sending a warning to passing drivers using visual signs by lights from a few hundred meters to several kilometers before reaching the scene of the accident at any time and for any line of the road separately are the goals of Smart Road Stud invention.

description of prior knowledge and a history of advances in relation to the claimed invention

According to studies, a device similar to the road stud has not used yet to increase driver visibility and reduce accidents intelligently. The latest technology in such studs has the ability to save sunlight to illuminate the night lights.

Develop a solution to the existing technical problem with a detailed, sufficient and integrated description of the invention

Figure 1 shows the perspective of the smart stud and how the parts are located, which are installed on the intersecting and continuous lines of the road and can be programmed according to the situation. On the body (1), the Smart Stud has four traffic lights (6), each of them has the ability to change into three warning colors (green, yellow and red) in both flashing and stationary modes. Also, these smart studs face the drivers on both lanes there are two infrared motion sensors (2) and two ultrasonic distance sensors (3) on the left and right side of the stud there are a thermometer sensor (4) and solar panel (5) at the top of the smart stud.

Figure 2. shows an overview of the diagram of the parts, which uses a microcontroller (7) to receive data from ultrasonic distance sensors (3), infrared motion (2) and temperature sensor (4) from the area. The power supply (9) of the circuit is powered by a battery (10), which is powered by a solar panel (1 1), external power supplies can be used if needed.

There is also a radio module (8) in the circuit to communicate with other studs in the range.

Figure 3. shows how a smart stud works when the car crosses a two-way road. As the car passes in front of the smart stud sensors, it will be detected by ultrasonic and infrared sensors and so smart stud received a command to shift the guide lights from green to red for cars in front in the opposite lane and turns the color of the traffic lights from green to flashing yellow for the cars behind in the passing line, this command is also sent to other smart studs via the radio transmitter the receiver of smart stud, is commanded to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for crossing vehicles in front of the opposite lane and change the color of the traffic lights from green to blinking yellow for cars passing behind the crossing lane.

It should be noted that in the microcontroller, all variables, such as the interval of the ultrasonic reaction and motion detection, the activation time of the traffic lights, etc., can be changed.

According to the algorithm designed for intelligent stud, if the received messages interfere (For example, a smart stud commands the light to turn into yellow, and another smart stud, commands to turn into red), the microcontroller performs the red message command based on the priorities performed in the programming algorithm.

Using two types of sensors together is complementary and increases the safety of smart stud performance.

In this technology, due to using of separate microcontrollers and mesh network

communications, the stability of the system is very high, and if of any number of smart studs will be deactivated, the others will continue to work perfectly.

In smart stud microcontroller programming, there are not any limits about the type of road, such as one-way, two-way, highway, freeway, etc.

By adding a microcontroller and receiver, smart studs can also be connected to other traffic signs, such as lights, to transmit data to drivers better.

In accordance with Figure 4, these smart studs are designed in a way that they can be in the same level of the surface road with tire pressure to avoid any car or stud damages, Using a spring below the stud can make this feature happen.

Figure 5 shows how a smart stud works when a human or animal crosses a two-way road.

By passing the car in front of the sensors of each of the smart studs and recognizing it by ultrasonic and infrared sensors, the command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for vehicles crossing in front of the opposite lane and change the color of the traffic lights from green to blinker yellow For vehicles behind the passing lane are given. This command is also sent to other smart studs via the radio transmitter. In the Smart stud Receiver, the command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for vehicles crossing in front of the opposite lane and change the color of the traffic lights from green to blinking yellow for the vehicles behind the passing lane to Smart studs are given.

Figure 6 shows how a smart stud works when a faulty car stops or an accident has occurred on a two-way road. By stopping the car in front of the sensors of each of the smart studs and detecting it with ultrasonic and infrared sensors, the command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for cars crossing in front of the opposite lane and change the color of the traffic lights from green to yellow red for cars passing behind the agreed line, and the command is also sent to other smart studs via a radio transmitter. In the Smart studs, the receiver also receives a command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for the vehicles crossing in front the opposite lane and also change from green to red for the vehicles passing behind the same lane.

Figure 7.7 shows how a smart stud works during landslides, crossing animals, and other natural obstacles on a two-way road. By stopping any object in front of the sensors of each of the smart studs and recognizing it by ultrasonic and infrared sensors, the command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for vehicles crossing in front of the opposite lane and change the color of the traffic lights from green to The red-yellow for the cars behind the passing line is given to the smart stud. This command is also sent to other smart studs via the radio transmitter. In the Smart studs, the receiver also receives a command to change the color of the traffic lights from green to red for the vehicles crossing in front of the opposite lane and the color change of the traffic lights from green to red for the vehicles passing behind the same lane.

Figure 8 shows how the smart stud works when a fire breaks out on a two-way road. As the ambient temperature rises above the set value and by detecting it via the thermometer sensor of each of the smart stud, the command to change the color of the traffic lights from any position to a constant red is given. Also, this command will be sent via a radio transmitter to other smart studs. So, in the intelligent stud that receives this message, the command to change the color of the traffic lights for all transit lines in the danger zone from any situation to constant red is issued.

According to Figure 9, you can see the cars crossing the road without proper visibility due to obstacles. By using smart studs, the situation behind the road can be specified for all cars at any moment. Also, for cars passing by the post and heights without direct and sufficient visibility due to the presence of an obstacle, the situation of the road behind the obstacle can be determined at any moment by using the installed smart studs. Also, smart studs can be used for cars in bad weather conditions which do not have enough visibility for the driver, such as night, rain, snow and fog. by installing smart stud, the route status will be determined for all vehicles at any time.

According to Figure 10. Smart studs can be used at the entrance and inside a tunnel, which will inform drivers of the condition of the route at any time due to the lack of sunlight inside the tunnel, an external wire source or lighting of the tunnel can be used instead of sunlight to powering smart studs.

Figure 11 shows how to use smart studs on highways and freeways. Every year, we see a lot of chain accidents on such roads, and using of smart studs on such roads can significantly reduce accidents. Also, smart studs using red lights, alert the drivers to an accident before they arrive at the accident (chain accident).

Figure 12 shows another use of smart studs, which can be used to aware Road

Maintenance and Transportation Organization about the road closures for reasons such as tunnel collapse, rock fall, accident, and so on. Also, the police can use the information sent by studs to check the traffic situation, accidents, etc., in order to get to the place as soon as possible and take the necessary efforts. The data is first sent to the data receiver by studs and then sent to the data center on a long-range network platform, such as 3G. It should be noted that the receiver uses a short data board of smart studs that use short-range radio waves, such as 2.4 GHz wireless.

Explain shapes, maps and diagrams

Figure 1) shows the perspective of the smart stud.

Figure 2 shows the diagram of the parts of smart stud.

Figure 3 shows the location of the smart stud (scaled) and the passing car on a two-way road.

Figure 4 shows an overview of how smart stud works at the time of passing a vehicle. Figure 5 shows the plan of the location of the smart stud (scaled) and passers-by on a two- way road.

Figure 6) shows the location of the smart stud (scaled) and the crashed car on a two-way road.

Figure 7) shows the plan of the position of the smart stud (scaled) and fixed obstacles on a two-way road.

Figure 8 shows a plan of the location of the smart stud (scaled) and crashed and burning car on a two-way road.

Figure 9) shows how to warn moving vehicles without proper visibility about the status of the route behind an obstacle.

Figure 10 shows how to warn moving vehicles without proper visibility about the condition of the route inside the tunnel.

Figure 1 1 shows how to warn the cars for an accident in front of them on highways and freeways.

Figure 12 shows data transmission to the data center. clear and accurate explain of benefits of the claimed invention compared to previous inventions

It has the ability to detect and announce the status of all vehicles and objects on the road.

It has the ability to detect crashed or stopped vehicles on the road.

It has the ability to detect the movement of living organisms such as humans and animals on the road.

It has the ability to detect landslides on the road.

It has the ability to detect fire on the road.

Announcing the status of each line of the road separately for drivers.

It has the ability to operate smart studs, separately.

Sending data between the studs wirelessly.

It has the ability to send the status of roads and accidents to the traffic police, emergency services, fire brigade, road Organization, etc. as soon as possible to take action.

These smart roadside studs have the ability to share information with each other.

It can be installed in all suburban and inner-city roads.

It can be used in other industries such as factories, urban and suburban trains, ports and airports.

Explain at least one executive method for using the invention

This smart road stud can be used on all roads, urban and suburban roads. It can significantly reduces the number of accidents due to the lack of sufficient visibility of drivers on roads that could happen in situations such as fog, snow, rain, road turns, tunnels, high speed on highways and by natural obstacles such as rocks, trees, humans, the passage of wild and domestic animals, fires and so on.

Explicit mention of industrial application of invention

The technology can also be used in airports to ensure the status of flight lines, on railways, in factories and for industrial and non-industrial vehicles.