ISIK, Namik Kemal (Yeni Yalova Yolu 4.Km, Osmangazi, Bursa, 16210, TR)
| CLAIMS 1. The invention is draft mechanism comprising delivery drafting roller (1), top roller (5), front roller (4), and fibre separating unit (11) in order to obtain multi branch single fly yarn (14) having reduced hairiness, increased strength and improved construction in general by minimizing the negative impacts of the spinning triangle formed after the fibre clamping line (16) in the staple fibre ring spinning, and it is characterized in that; it comprises at least one fibre separator guide (11.1) which provides separation of a fibre bundle (13) fixedly positioned in the horizontal axis between the said rollers (1 , 5, 4) into two or more tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) and at least two channels (11.2) through which the said tiny fibre bundles (13.1) would pass. 2. A draft mechanism according to Claim 1 , and it is characterized in that; on the said delivery drafting roller (1), it comprises fibre separating unit (11) positioned between the top roller (5) and front roller (4). 3. A fibre separating unit ( 1) according to Claims 1 and 2, and it is characterized in that; the fibre separating unit (11) inlet width (F) is equal or smaller than the fibre bundle width (E) in order to provide contact of the fibre bundle (13), which is fed in fixed position in the horizontal axis, with all of the fibre separator guides (11.1). 4. A draft mechanism according to Claim 1 , and it is characterized in that; the fibre bundle (13) found at the fibre separating unit (11) inlet is centered in the horizontal axis according to the fibre separating unit (11) inlet via the adjustable dispatch guide (19) positioned between the feed drafting roller (3) and the middle drafting roller (2) in order to provide formation of balanced tiny fibre bundles (13.1) 5. A draft mechanism according to Claim 1 , and it is characterized in that; in order to provide the position fixation to form balanced tiny fibre bundles (13.1), the fibre separating unit (11) comprises magnets (11.3) applying the required pressure on the delivery drafting roller (1) made of metal material and fibre separating unit (1 1 ) edge set (1 1.4) for fixing the position via the front roller (4). 6. A draft mechanism according to Claim 1 , and it is characterized in that; in the front roller (4), housing (4.1 ) is present, through which the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) edge set (11.4) would pass, and in this way, the fibre separating unit (1 1) is fixed at the horizontal axis by providing fitting of the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) edge set ( 1.4) on the housing (4.1 ) found at the front roller (4). 7. The invention is the draft process providing formation of multi branch single fly yam (14) having reduced hairiness, increased strength, and improved construction in general in staple fibre ring spinning, and it is characterized in that; it comprises the operation steps of: - feeding of the fibre bundle (13), which is fixed in the horizontal axis, to the fibre separating unit (1 1) by being carried between the delivery drafting roller (1) and top roller (5) and front roller (4), - separation of the fed fibre bundle (13) into two or more tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) via at least one fibre separator guide (11.1), and - formation of yarn (14) by altogether exposing of these separated and relatively compacted tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) to spinning operation after the fibre clamping line (16). 8. A draft process according to Claim 7, and it is characterized in that; the fibre separator inlet width (F) is equal to or smaller than the fibre bundle width (E) in order to provide contact of the fibre bundles (13), which are fed in fixed position in the horizontal axis, with all of the fibre separator guides (1 1.1). 9. A draft process according to Claim 7, and it is characterized in that; in order to support formation of balanced tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ), a last fibre order is provided just before the fibre separating unit (1 ) by re-collection of the fibres possibly deviated from the main structure of the fibre bundle (13) found at the bottom and top apron (8, 9) exit of the slotted pin (20) that is positioned just before the delivery drafting roller (1) in the flow direction of the fibre bundle (13). 10. A draft process according to Claim 7, and it is characterized in that; a single fibre bundle (13) is applied on the fibre separating unit ( 1 ). 11. A draft process according to Claim 7, and it is characterized in that; two fibre bundles (13) are applied on the fibre separating unit (1 1). 12. The invention is obtaining at least two tiny fibre bundles (13.1) for each fibre bundle (13) by feeding of double fibre bundles (13) at a fibre separating unit (11) and afterwards obtaining of siro yarn (14) by spinning of these tiny fibre bundles (branches) (13.1) together. |
The Related Art
The invention relates to an embodiment and process for improving yarn construction in staple fibre spinning.
The Prior Art
Nowadays, in the changing and globalizing world, like in almost all sectors, the expectations of the buyers continuously change also in the textile sector and consumers behave more consciously. As a result of this, there is an increase in the expected features of textile products. Handle, colour fastness, brightness, endurance, tendency for contamination etc. various features come into prominence. Again the competition occurring as a result of global economy has brought reducing of production costs, increasing of production speeds, and narrowing of the fault limitations.
Expectations in the textile products surely necessitate improvement of the properties of the yarn. Especially, in order to provide durability for the yarn against the forces occurring in the processes found after spinning, the fundamental expectations for the yam are strength and wear resistance, low hairiness for plain surfaces, and soft and volumetric structure for touching.
Nowadays, again the expectations from the yarn have oriented the manufacturers towards novelty seeking, and this situation has lead to development of many production methods. The spinning methods in the staple fibre production such as ring, open end, and friction are the results of customer expectations and competitive conditions. Among these, ring spinning, despite being old, is the most preferred production method due to being classic, familiar, its structure, and handle. Ring spinning being preferable has caused focusing of the improvements in the spinning around this spinning technology.
Siro yarn and compact yarn methods are among the important novelties in the ring spinning system. With the siro yarn, which is the principle of spinning of two separate fibre bundles by being combined, ring, doubling, and twisting processes can be made with a single ring process especially in using staple fibre. The purpose is to be able to provide the durability increase, hairiness reduction, volumetric structure, and especially fancy yarn (mixture) production obtained in the yarn with the doubling and twisting processes with siro yarn.
Again, especially in the air vacuum and mechanical systems, the compact yarn technologies in the ring spinning system aim to produce high durability yarn. Methods using the compact and siro yarn technologies together are also present. Increase of expectations from the yarn in the conventional ring spinning has formed the reasons for the improvement studies in the compact ring spinning. In conventional spinning, spinning triangle is formed after the fibre clamping line (16), and the fibres (17) which can not enter into this triangle cause hairiness and loss of strength in the yarn (14) (figure 1 b). Compact spinning technologies aim to improve yarn construction by eliminating this spinning triangle. However, the present compact technologies also comprise some drawbacks.
In the compact spinning with air vacuum principle, the drawbacks can be disclosed as;
a. High investment cost,
b. Extra energy consumption (fan power required for vacuum),
c. Need for frequently cleaning in vacuum points,
d. Increased expectations in air condition,
e. High maintenance costs due to changing parts.
In the mechanical compact spinning, which is more advantageous than the air vacuum system especially when investment cost and energy consumption are considered, with the intensive compaction of the fibre bundle in a single channel, increase in yarn breakage and increase of thin and thick place faults are unavoidable.
Purpose of the Invention
The purpose of the invention as a solution to the known status of the art is to separate the fibre bundle carried on the delivery drafting roller into tiny fibre bundles (branches) via one or more fibre separator guides, and formation of yarn by altogether exposing of these separated and relatively compacted tiny fibre bundles (branches) to spinning operation again after fibre clamping line. Another purpose of the invention is to provide yam production, in which hairiness is reduced, strength is increased, and construction is improved in general.
Another purpose of the invention is to eliminate fibre disorders by arranging the irregular (curly end) fibres found in the fibre bundle in the channels via the fibre separator guides and in this way provide increase of durability and reduction of hairiness in the yarn.
The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all advantages will be understood better in detailed descriptions with the figures given below and with reference to the figures, and therefore, the assessment should be made taking into account the said figures and detailed explanations.
Description of the Figures
Figure 1a is the side view of the draft region in conventional ring spinning system.
Figure 1 b is the view of the fibre bundle while quitting the draft region in conventional ring spinning system.
Figure 2a is the side views of the draft region and the fibre separating unit positioned according to the draft region, adjustable dispatch guide, and slotted pin in the ring spinning system.
Figure 2b is the top view of the fibre bundle being separated into its tiny fibre bundles (branches) in the fibre separating unit via a single (one) fibre separator guide and being spinned in the spinning unit.
Figure 3 is the view of the fibre bundle being fed into the fibre separating unit having a single (one) fibre separator guide and the three dimensional view of the fibre separating unit with the single (one) fibre separator guide.
Figure 4 is the fibre feeding into the structure having two fibre separator guides as an example to the alternative fibre separating unit and the three dimensional view of this structure.
Figure 5a is the three dimensional view of the adjustable dispatch guide.
Figure 5b is the top view of the adjustable dispatch guide.
Figure 5c is the top view of the alternative pulley structure with bearing.
Figure are the perspective and side views of the spacer and slotted pin in its 6a,6b workplace.
Figure are the two and three dimensional views of the fibre separating unit. 7a,7b,7c
Figure 8 shows the front roller views in which the channel is opened for centering the fibre separating unit.
Figure 9 is the perspective view of the draft mechanism in which the fibre
separating unit, adjustable dispatch guide, and slotted pin are added.
Figure 10 is the view of the fibre separating unit intended for siro yarn application.
Figure 11 is the presentation showing that the contact surfaces of the fibre
separating unit and the delivery drafting roller have the same radius.
Reference Numbers
1 Delivery drafting roller 13.1 Tiny fibre bundles (branches)
2 Middle drafting roller 14 Yarn
3 Feed drafting roller 15 Spinning unit
4 Front roller 16 Fibre clamping line
Fibres which can not enter the
.1 Housing 17
spinning triangle
5 Top roller 19 Adjustable dispatch guide
6 Middle roller 19.1 Pulley
7 Feed roller 19.2 Nut
8 Bottom apron 19.3 Connecting arm
9 Top apron 19.4 Set slot
10 Roving guide 19.5 Screw 11 Fibre separating unit 19.6 Bearing
11.1 Fibre separator guide 20 Slotted pin
11.2 Channel 20.1 Spacer
11.3 Magnet 23 Pressure arm
11.4 Edge set E Fibre bundle width
13 Fibre bundle F Fibre separator inlet width
R1 Fibre separating unit radius R2 Delivery drafting roller radius
Detailed Description of the Invention
The invention relates to separation of the fibre bundle (13) carried between the delivery drafting roller (1) and the front and top rollers (4, 5) into two or more tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) via one or more fibre separator guides (11.1), and formation of yarn (14) by altogether exposing of these separated and relatively compacted tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) to spinning operation again after fibre clamping line (16), and relates to a fibre separating unit (11) ensuring this. As it is seen in Figure 1 a and 1b, the yarn production mechanism in conventional ring spinning; comprises drafting rollers (1 , 2, 3) made of metal based material and making rotating motion by getting drive from the gear box, rollers (5, 6, 7) positioned on these drafting rollers (1 , 2, 3) with the purposes of draft and dispatch, a roving guide (10) feeding the roving into the feed drafting roller and feed roller (3, 7) and performing the task of guidance, bottom apron (8) fitting on the middle drafting roller (2), and an top apron (9) fitting on the middle roller (6).
The roving, entering from the roving guide (10), is exposed to a front draft between the feed drafting roller (3), feed roller (7) and middle drafting roller (2), and the middle roller (6). The fibre bundle (13), which is dispatched between the delivery drafting roller (1) and top roller (5) by passing through the bottom and top apron (8, 9), is exposed to main draft between the top and middle roller groups (1 , 2, 5, 6) and thus, in the form of fibre bundle (13) in which the yarn would be spinned at the desired thickness, it is transformed into yarn (14) by being spinned between the spinning unit (15) and the fibre clamping line (16) found at the contact point of the top roller (5) and the delivery drafting roller (1). During formation of yarn (14), a spinning triangle is formed just below the fibre clamping line (16) (Figure 1b). These fibres which can not enter the spinning triangle (17) negatively affect the yarn properties.
In Figure 2a, the side views of the draft region in the ring spinning system and the fibre separating unit (11) positioned according to the draft region, adjustable dispatch guide (19), and slotted pin (20) are given. Figure 9 is the perspective view of the system, which is the subject of the invention, where it is applied on the conventional ring machine. Here, as addition to the conventional system, an additional front roller (4) on the draft cylinder (1) and a fibre separating unit (11) which is found between this front roller (4) and the top roller (5) are positioned. The radius (R1) at the surface where the fibre separating unit (11) contacts the delivery drafting roller (1) is equal to the radius (R2) of the delivery drafting roller (1) (Figure 11). Moreover, adjustable dispatch guide (19), which guides the fibre bundle (13) in order to provide the fibre separating unit (11) form equal tiny fibre bundles (13.1), and slotted pin (20) are added. As in the conventional system, the fibre bundle (13) passes between the delivery drafting roller (1) and top roller (5) and reaches the inlet of the fibre separating unit (11). Fibre separating unit (11) comprises fibre separator guide (11.1) which can separate the fibre bundle (13) into tiny fibre bundles (13.1) and channels ( 1.2) formed by this guide ( .1). For example, the fibre bundle ( 3) is separated into two tiny fibre bundles (13.1) by passing through two channels (11.2) formed by a fibre separator guide (11.1) and then carried to the front roller (4). Fibre separating unit ( 1) inlet width (F) is made equal or smaller than the fibre bundle (13) width (E) and thus proportional contact of the fibre bundle (13) being fed from fixed position in the horizontal axis is provided with the fibre separator guide (11.1) (Figure 3).
In Figure 2a and 2b, formation of a fibre clamping line (16) is shown via compaction of the tiny fibre bundles (13.1) by the front roller (4) and the delivery drafting roller (1). In the system where the fibre separating unit (11) is positioned, since the fibre bundle (13) is separated into small and relatively compacted tiny fibre bundles (13.1), the bending intention in the fibres provided by the spinning unit (15) after the fibre clamping line (16) impacts up to the fibre clamping line (16) and thus the fibres which can not enter the spinning triangle (17) are almost not formed. This situation is the main factor reducing hairiness, increasing durability, improving construction in the yarn (14). In order to have successful results in the technique, which is the subject of the invention, the tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ) formed at the outlet of the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) have to be in equal structure as much as possible. The roving entering from the roving guide (10) can be centered in the horizontal axis according to the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) inlet via the adjustable dispatch guide (19), which is positioned between the feed drafting roller (3) and the middle drafting roller (2) and fixed at the pressure arm (23) via the connecting arm (19.3) (Figure 2a-2b). The adjustable dispatch guide (19) ensures the tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ) are in similar structure at the outlet of the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) (Figure 3). Ideally, the adjustable dispatch guide (19) pulley (19.1 ) is mounted in a way that it is centered according to the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) inlets. However, as a result of production differences and adaptations to the present system, although rarely seen, in some application points, the fibre bundle (13) and the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) may not be centered adequately. As a result of this, the desired equality in the tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ) can not be obtained. At the problematic application point, the pulley (19.1 ) is skidded in the horizontal axis at the connecting arm (19.3) from the set slot (19.4) with the help of a key and fixed via a nut (19.2), and thus the most ideal tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ) can be obtained (Figure 5a-5b). This is required for production of equal yarns by eliminating the variability between the spindles to which the system is adapted. In Figure 5c, the alternative adjustable dispatch guide (19) structure is given. Here, bearings (19.6) are placed inside the pulley (19.1 ) and adjustable mounting of the pulley (19.1 ) onto the connecting arm (19.3) is made via screw (19.5). In this way, the adjustable dispatch guide (19), which can rotate around its own axis, or which has fixed pulley (19.1 ), is obtained. Again, in the flow direction of the fibre bundle (13), the slotted pin (20) positioned just before the delivery drafting roller (1 ), provides a last fibre arrangement before the fibre separating unit (1 1 ) by collecting the fibres possibly deviated from the main structure of the fibre bundle (13) at the outlet of the bottom and top apron (8, 9), and it supports obtaining such smooth tiny fibre bundles (13.1 ) (Figure 2a-2b). In Figure 6a and 6b, the spacer (20.1) providing connection of the slotted pin (20) with the draft mechanism and its position in the draft system are given.
One of the conditions required for formation of balanced tiny fibre bundles (13.1) is the fixation of position the fibre separating unit (11) found between the delivery drafting roller (1), the top roller (5) and the front roller (4). In order to obtain this, the fibre separating unit ( 1) is equipped with the edge set (11.4) for fixing its position via the front roller (4) and fixed magnets (11.3) for providing the required pressure on the delivery drafting roller (1) made of metal material (Figure 7a, 7b, 7c). On the front roller (4), housings (4.1) through which the fibre separating unit (11) edge set (11.4) would pass are opened (Figure 8). The fibre separating unit (11) is fixed on the horizontal axis by fitting on the housing (4.1) found at the front roller (4) with its edge set ( 1.4).
The structure or the number of the fibre separator guides (11.1) positioned in the fibre separating unit (11) can vary. Different embodiment showing this is given in figure 4. In this structure and this kind of structures, the purpose is to separate the fibre bundle (13) into tiny fibre bundles (branches) (13.1), relatively compact, and again altogether spin in the spinning unit (15), and thus improve its yarn properties. Siro yarn production can be made with the same method. In Figure 10, by feeding double fibre bundles ( 3), tiny fibre bundles ( 3.1) are obtained in each fibre bundle (13) and the yarn (14) structure formed by altogether spinning of these is shown.
The invention is the draft process providing formation of multi branch single fly yarn (14) having reduced hairiness, increased strength, and improved construction in general in staple fibre ring spinning, and it comprises the operation steps of:
- feeding of the fibre bundle (13), which is fixed in the horizontal axis, to the fibre separating unit (11) by being carried between the delivery drafting roller (1) and top roller (5) and front roller (4) via centering of the adjustable dispatch guide ( 9) and slotted pin (20),
- separation of the fed fibre bundle (13) into two or more tiny tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) via the two channels ( .2) formed by means of at least one fibre separator guide (11.1), and - formation of yarn (14) by altogether exposing of these separated and relatively compacted tiny fibre bundles (13.1) (branches) to spinning operation after the fibre clamping line (16). While the said fibre separating unit (11) can comprise a fibre separator guide ( 1.1) and two channels (11.2) formed with this guide (Figure 3), it can also comprise more than one fibre separator guides (11.1) and more than two channels (11.2) (Figure 4). Therefore, the fibre separating unit (11) comprises at least one fibre separator guide (11.1) and at least two channels (11.2). In order to provide the tiny fibre bundles (13.1) proceed without being interrupted, the said channels (11.2) must have a surface which is as smooth as possible.
Fibre separating unit (11) can be made of hard plastics, metal, ceramics, ceramics derivatives etc. materials strong against abrasion.
The protection area of this application has been specified under claims and cannot be limited to the descriptions only given as sampling above. It is obvious that a person skilled in the related art can apply the innovation disclosed by this invention into similar purposed other areas by means of changing the parts in form and using similar structures. Therefore, it is also clear that such embodiments lack of innovation criteria and especially the criteria of exceeding the known status of the art.
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