Stabilized candle wax The instant invention pertains to white, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax which is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of a morpholinone, an oxazolidine, an imidazolidine, a piperazindione or a piperazinone, in combination with an UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Candles have been known for many centuries going back to the eighth century B. C. The nature of candles is described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Volume A5 at pages 29-30 where it is seen that candles are made from paraffin, beeswax and stearin as basic materials, and where a host of additives may also be present.

It is not surprising that with candles and wax becoming increasingly more important attention was paid as to how to stabilize the said materials. At the National Candle Association Meeting in Houston, 1994, R. van der Vennet presented a paper on"Antioxidants in Wax-Replacement of BHT"touting the use of Vitamin E (tocopherol) as an antioxidant to prevent the yellowing of wax when oxidized. WO 94/13736 describes the same invention.

EP 359,488 A3 and EP 133,964 B1 describe stabilized waxes used in cosmetics where the waxes are the same or similar to those used in candles.

EP 5,922 A1 describes lip cosmetics where the waxes are useful in lipsticks and are related to those useful in candles.

United States Patent No. 5,879,694 describes in detail transparent gel candles both in composition and structure. The use of BHT as an antioxidant is mentioned.

At the National Candle Association Technical Meeting on April 16,1998, F. A. Ballentine et al., presented a paper entitled"Inhibiting Color Fading of Dyed Candles with CYASORBO Light Absorbers"in which the general theories of thermal oxidation and photodegradation are discussed along with data on the effect of light absorbers on color stability of dyed candle waxes. The light absorbers compared are 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone UV-531; 4- methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone UV-9; 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV- 5365; 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl-2H-benzotriazole UV-5411 and 2- (2-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert- amylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV-2337).

United States Patent No. 5,964,905 teaches dyed and scented candle gels containing triblock copolymers and a hydrocarbon oil of high flash point. This reference teaches that a light (UV) absorber may be used to improve the shelf stability of the candle color when exposed to visible or ultraviolet light. Two preferred absorbers are ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate (PARSOLS MCX, Roche) and 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (CYASORBX3 541 1, Cytec).

WO 00/22037 teaches the stabilization of solid, shaped and colored wax articles, including candles, using a malonate UV absorber which may optionally contain a hindered amine moiety as part of the malonate compound structure. The wax articles are dyed with a variety of oil soluble dyes and pigments. The samples protected by dimethyl p-methoxybenzylidinemalonate exhibited better resistance to discoloration that did samples stabilized with selected benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers.

Japanese Hei 3-278554 teaches that wax crayons (drawing materials) colored by organic pigments can be stabilized by a hindered amine and/or benzotriazole.

In respect to wax stabilization, the use of selected hindered amines and/or benzotriazole UV absorbers is also known in the prior art as seen in United States Patent Nos. 3,530,084; 4,379,721; 4, 616,051 and 5,964,905.

United States Patent No. 4,547,537 teaches tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin-2-one moieties attached to a substituted piperidinyl hindered amine group as stabilizers for polyolefins and other polymeric substrates.

United States Patent Nos. 4,797,451 and 4,853,440 described paraffinic polymers such as polybutadiene or polyisoprene that have inter alia morpholinone moieties reacted into the polymer backbone.

United States Patent Nos. 4,528,370; 4,914,232 and 5,089,614 describe morpholinone compounds which are useful as light stabilizers.

WO 98/44008 describes a controlled free radical polymerization process using inter alia selected morpholinone based nitroxide groups.

WO 00/39209 teaches polymeric stabilizers having low polydispersity and having inter alia pendant morpholinone groups.

WO 99/46261 describes nitroxyl derivatives with glycidyl or alkylcarbonyl groups as initiators for radical polymerization. Some such nitroxyl derivatives may also contain morpholinone groups.

German Offenlegunsschrift DE 198 45 298 A1 describes N-oxyl radicals of morpholinone derivatives useful in free radical polymerization.

British 2,342,649 A describes heterocyclic alkoxyamines as regulators in controlled free radical polymerization processes inter alia these include molecules which contain morpholinone moieties.

WO 99/14206 depicts morpholinone compounds as light stabilizers for organic material especially for coatings.

WO 00/14177 teaches the inhibition of vinyl monomer polymerization using hindered hydroxylamines some of which may contain an oxazolidine moiety. There is no suggestion that any of these compounds would be stabilizers for candle wax.

United States Patent Nos. 4,125,518 and 4,104,254 teach that 1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decanes and other oxazolidine molecules are useful light stabilizers for polyolefins such as polypropylene.

United States Patent Nos. 5,264,148 and 5,223,174 describe various mono-and bicyclic oxazolidine compounds which have the property of scavenging moisture particularly aimed at efficiently, cost effectively and safely removing water from moisture-curable polyurethane coating systems or any other water-sensitive system where residual water is a problem.

United States Patent Nos. 3,707,541 and 3,825,555 describe the use of oxazolidine and tetrahydrooxazine compounds as insect repellents.

United States Patent Nos. 4,017,406,4,116,643 and 4.369,118 describe oxazoline compounds and amine salts of carboxylate half esters of 1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo [3,3, O oct-5-yl methyl alcohols as additives for lubricating oils, gasoline, middle distillate fuels and other oleaginous products.

United States Patent No. 5,001,233 teaches the synthesis of hydroxylamines using dioxiranes.

Cyclic hydroxylamines having oxazolidine moieties present are disclosed.

United States Patent Nos. 5,328,635 and 5,433,891 disclose iminoalcohol-oxazolidine mixtures which are useful as corrosion inhibitors, moisture or formaldehyde scavengers, drying agents and the like.

WO 98/11181 describes substituted oxazolines, related to oxazolidines, which are antioxidants and antioxidant boosters capable of producing hydroperoxyl radicals.

WO 99/05108 teaches the inhibition of pulp or paper which contains lignin from yellowing by use inter alia of a substituted oxazolidine or a salt thereof.

Imidazolidines have been known as stabilizers for various substrates. British Patent No.

1,145,470 teaches the stabilization of polyolefins using alkylated 4-oxoimidazolidine-1-oxides such as 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxoimidazolidine-1-oxide.

United States Patent No. 4,448,969 discloses the use of cyclic ether or carbonate alkylation products of 2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4-one for the stabilization of synthetic polymers, particularly polyolefins.

United States Patent Nos. 4,804,717 and 4,895,901 teach that polymeric hindered amine light stabilizers are useful for the stabilization of olefin, styrene and acrylate polymers which contain a minor amount of a pendant moiety derived from 3-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidine-4- one.

European Patent Specification 313,941 B1 describes the stabilization of photochromic dye compositions using 1-oxyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazo, idin-4-one.

United States Patent No. 6,020,491 teaches the use of monomeric and polymeric cyclic amine and N-halamine compounds as biocides and disinfectants for a host of substrates. Some of the structures include a substituted 2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidine moiety in a pendant group.

WO 98/30601 describes a method of controlling polymer molecular weight and polymer structure by living free radical polymerization where nitroxide and alkoxyamine containing a 2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidine moiety are employed.

WO 99/61396 teaches the method of stabilizing unsaturated organic polymers using a host of polymerization inhibitors based on the alkylated 2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidine compounds.

United States Patent Nos. 3,899,491; 3,992,351; 4,007,156 and 4,007,157 teach piperazindione compounds and their conversion into corresponding piperazine derivatives as light stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 3,919,234 and 3,969,316 describe the generic synthesis of selected piperazindione componds as light stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 3,928,357; 4,051,137; 4,125,517 and 4,208,522 show the preparation of substituted piperazindione compounds as light stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 3,920,659 and 3,968,078 describe the preparation of substituted piperazindione ester compounds as light stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 4,590,231; 4,668,721 and 4,691,015 describe the stabilization of polyolefin compositions using various hydroxylamine compounds some of which contain a piperazindione moiety.

WO 98/44008 teaches controlled free radical polymerization processes using a stable free radical agent which is a piperazinone, piperazindione or morpholinone based nitroxide.

United States Patent No. 3,936,456 describes substituted piperazinedione oxyl and hydroxylamine derivaties useful in stabilizing polyolefins.

United States Patent No. 4,413,096 depicts olefin copolymers having pendant hindered amine groups inter alia one containing a piperazindione moiety.

German Offenlegungsschrift DE 199 24 984 A1 describes compositions stabilized by a host of piperazindione derivatives.

British 2,333,774 A and WO 00/31069 describe a number of 2-oxopiperazinyl derivatives useful for the stabilization of organic materials especially polymers and photographic materials.

United States Patent Nos. 4,167,512 and 4,190,571 describe some 2-keto-1,4-diazacyclo- alkanes including piperazinones as light stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 4,547,538; 4,480,092; 5,026,848 and 5,071,981 teach various oxo- piperazinyl-triazines including oligomeric structures as light stabilizers.

United States Patent No. 4,240,961 describes the preparation of piperazinones.

United States Patent No. 6,117,995 depicts the preparation of sterically hindered amine ethers where the cyclic ring is inter alia a piperazinone. These compounds are useful as stabilizers.

United States Patent Nos. 4,033,928; 4,110,304 and 4,123,418 teach inter alia that selected piperazinones are useful in protecting epoxy resins and styrene polymers from degradation.

None of these references teach the superior performance provided when the morpholinone, the oxazolidine, the imidazolidine, the piperazindione or the piperazinone is used in conjunction with an UV absorber and/or antioxidant to stabilize candle wax.

In more detail, the instant invention pertains to a composition which comprises (a) candle wax which is white and unscented; white and scented; dyed and unscented; dyed and scented; dipped and unscented; or dipped and scented, and (b) a combination of (i) a compound selected from the group consisting of a morpholinone compound containing a moiety of generic formula 1-100, an oxazolidine compound containing a moiety of generic formula 1-200, 11-200 or 111-200, an imidazolidine compound containing a moiety of generic formula 1-300, a piperazindione compound containing a moiety of generic formula I-400, and a piperazinone compound containing a moiety of formula 1-500 ; and (ii) an UV absorber or an antioxidant, or an UV absorber and an antioxidant, wherein the ratio by weight of (i) to (ii) is from 10: 1 to 1: 10.

The morpholinone compound is preferably a compound of formula la-100 or Ib-100 n100 is 1 or 2 ; R10, is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms or cycloalkenyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; R102 has the same meaning as Rio, ; or R102 is also hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms; or Rlol and Rio2 together are tetramethylene, pentamethylene or pentamethylene substituted by methyl ; R103 has the same meaning as R101 ; R104 has the same meaning as Rio2 ; or R103 and Rio4 together are tetramethylene, penta- methylene or pentamethylene substituted by methyl ; Pics is hydrogen; alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by hydroxy, by phenyl or by both hydroxy and phenyl ; oxyl ; hydroxy; cyanoalkyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; cyanoalkoxy of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; cycloalkoxy of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; alkenyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms; alkenyloxy of 3 to 8 carbon atoms; phenylalkyl of 7 to 12 carbon atoms; phenylalkyl of 7 to 12 carbon atoms substituted by hydroxy, by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or by both said alkyl and said alkoxy ; phenylalkoxy of 7 to 12 carbon atoms; alkanol of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; or a substituted 2,2,6,6- tetraalkylpiperidinyl moiety; when n100 is 1; Rice is a straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by one to six hydroxy or-OR1 groups; or Rice is phenyl ; when n100 is 2; Rios is alkylene of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, o-phenylene, m-phenylene, p-phenylene or p-xylylene ; and Rio7 is hydrogen or has the meaning of Rio,.

The oxazolidine compound is preferably a compound of formula Ia-200, IIa-200 or villa-200 where R2oi, R202, R203 and R2o4 are independently alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or R201 and R202 together or R2o3 and R2o4 together are tetramethylene, pentamethylene or pentamethylene substituted by methyl ; R205 is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxy, aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 42 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups, said alkyl substituted by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or said alkyl interrupted by one to twenty oxygen atoms and substituted by one hydroxy, by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or by 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoyloxy; or R20s is-CO-CnH2n+1 where n is 1 to 17, and R206 is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups, or is aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

The imidazoline compound is preferably a compound of formula la-300 where R301 and R3o2 are independently alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or R301 and R302 together are tetramethylene, pentamethylene or pentamethylene substituted by methyl ; and R303 and R304 are independently hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxy, aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 42 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups, said alkyl substituted by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or said alkyl interrupted by one to twenty oxygen atoms and substituted by one hydroxy, by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or by 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoyloxy.

The piperazindione compound is preferably a compound of formula la-400 where p400 is 1 or 2, when p400 is 1, G400 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by-NH2, by-OH, by halogen, by-OR6 or by 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl or by 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl, or by a mixture of these groups; or is interrupted by -O-, by-NH-or by-NR406-or by a mixture of said groups; or G400 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by-COOR407 or by phenyl ; when p400 is 2, G400 is alkylen of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenylene of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, alkyfene of 3 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by one to four-OH or said alkylen interrupted by one to four oxygen atoms; or Gaoo is phenylen, Cl-C4alkylphenylene,-COO-,-CONH-, -NH-or-NR406-, R40"R402, R403 and R404 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups; or R40t and R402 together, R403 and R404 together or R401 and R402 together and with R403 and R404 together are tetramethylene, pentamethylene or pentamethyfene substituted by methyl ; Raos is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxy, cyanoethyl, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, said phenylalkyl substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three radicals selected from alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenylalkoxy of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, said phenylalkoxy substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three radicals selected from alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups, said alkyl substituted by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or said alkyl interrupted by one to twenty oxygen atoms and substituted by one hydroxy, by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or by 4- hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoyloxy; or R405 is alkanoyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 5 carbon atoms, alkanoyloxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, glycidyl, or a group-CH2CH (OH)-E4oo where E400 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl ; X400is-O-,-NH-or-NR406-; Z400 is-NH2,-NHR406,-N (R406) 2 or alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; Raos is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted on the phenyl ring by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, by alkoxy or 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by a mixture of said groups; or R4os is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms substituted by -OH, by alkoxy of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, by benzophenonyl or benzophenonyloxy where one or both phenyl rings of the benzophenone moiety are unsubstituted or substituted by-OH, by halogen, by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, by alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by a mixture of such groups; and R407 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms which is substituted by-NH2, by-NHR406, by-N (R406) 2, by nitro, by hydroxy, by alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms or by a mixture of said groups; or R407 is alkenyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or said cycloalkyl which is substituted by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or is interrupted by -O-.

The piperazinone compound is preferably a compound of formula 1-500 or III-500 wherein nsoo is 1 or 2, p5oo is 1 to 12, when n500 is 1, G500 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by-NH2, by -NH(R506), by-OH, by halogen, by-ORs06 by 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl or by 4-hydroxy- 3,5-dimethylphenyl, or by a mixture of these groups; or G500 is alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms interrupted by -O-, by-CO-, by-NH-or by-NR506-or by a mixture of said groups; or G500 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by -COOR507 or by phenyl ; when n500 is 2, Gsoo is alkylen of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenylene of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, alkylen of 3 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by one to four-OH or said alkylen interrupted by one to four oxygen atoms; or G500 is phenylene, C1-C4alkylphenylene, -CO-(CH2)p500-CO-, -COO-, -CONH-, -NH-or-NRso6-; R501, R502, Rso3 and R504 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups; or R501 and R502 together, R503 and R504 together or R501 and R502 together and with Rgos and R504 together are tetramethylene, pentamethylene or pentamethylene substituted by methyl ; R505 is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxy, cyanoethyl, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, said phenylalkyl substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three radicals selected from alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenylalkoxy of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, said phenylalkoxy substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three radicals selected from alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one or two hydroxy groups, said alkyl substituted by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or said alkyl interrupted by one to twenty oxygen atoms and substituted by one hydroxy, by alkylcarbonyloxy of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or by 4- hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoyloxy; or RSOS is alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 5 carbon atoms, alkanoyloxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, glycidyl, or a group-CH2CH (OH)-E500 where E500 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl ; Xsoois-O-,-NH-or-NR506-; Zsoo is-NH2,-NHR5o6,-N (R506) 2 or alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R506 is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted on the phenyl ring by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, by alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by a mixture of said groups; or R506 is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms substituted by -OH, by alkoxy of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, by benzophenonyl or benzophenonyloxy where one or both phenyl rings of the benzophenone moiety are unsubstituted or substituted by-OH, by halogen, by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, by alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by a mixture of such groups; R507 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms which is substituted by-NH2, by-NHR506, by-N (R506) 2, by nitro, by hydroxy, by alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms or by a mixture of said groups; or R507 is alkenyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or said cycloalkyl which is substituted by alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or is interrupted by -O-, or Rgo7 is phenyl or phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms; and R5o8 is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 3 to 12 carbon atoms.

According to a preferred embodiment, R201, R202, R203 and R204 are each methyl, or R201 and R202 together and Rzos and R204 together are pentamethylene.

According to a further preferred embodiment, R301 and R302 are each methyl, or R30, and R3o2 together are pentamethylene.

According to another preferred embodiment, R401, R402, R403 and R404 are each methy"or R and R402 together and R403 and R404 together are pentamethylene.

Rso01, R5o2, R503 and R504 are each preferably methyl, or R501 and R502 together and R503 and R, 504 together are preferably pentamethylene.

R505 is preferably hydrogen or methyl.

R508 is preferably n-butyl or cyclohexyl.

An example of aryl is phenyl and an example of aralkyl is benzyl.

Specific morpholinone compounds of formula la-100 or Ib-100 which are useful in the instant invention include (a-100) 5-hydroxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, (b-100) 5-dodecanoyloxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, (c-100) 5- (2-ethylhexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, (d-100) 5,5'-bis (decandioyloxymethyl-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone), (e-100) N- (2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-tetrahydro-1, 4-oxazin-2-one, (f-100) N- (1, 2,2,6, 6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-1, 4-oxazin-2-one, (g-100) N-(1-acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-n-tetradecy l-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin-2-one, (h-100) 3,3-pentamethylene-5, 5-dimethyl-2-morpholinone, (i-100)3,3,4-trimethyl-5-ethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-2-morpholinon e, (j-100) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxyl-2-morpholinone, (k-100) 3,3-diethyl-5,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2-morpholinone, (1-100) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4- (α-methylbenzyl)-2-morpholinone, (m-100) 3,3,5, 5-tetramethyl-4- (α-methylbenzyloxy)-2-morpholinone, (n-100) N-(2-hydroxyethyl0-3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-2-morpholinone, (o-100) 3,3,4, 5-tetramethyl-5- (octadecanoyloxymethyl)-2-morpholinone, and (p-100) bis (3,3,4, 5-tetramethyl2-morpholinon-5-ylmethyl) terephthalate.

The compounds (a-100), (b-100), (c-100) and (d-100) are particularly preferred.

Specific oxazolidine compounds of formula la-200, Ila-200 or IIIa-200 which are useful in the instant invention include (a-200) 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (b-200) 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, (c-200) 2,2,11,11-tetramethyl-3,9-dioxa-dispiro (4.2.4.2] tetradecane, (d-200) 3, 3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-oxyl-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (e-200) 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-hydroxy-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (f-200) 3,3-dimethylol-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (g-200) 2,3,3-trimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (h-200) 3,3-di (2-hydroxyethyl0-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, (i-200) 4-ethyl-2-isopropyloxazolidine, (j-200) 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-diisopropyl-5-ethylbicyclo [3.3.0] octane, (k-200) 3-acetyl-4, 4-dimethyl-2- (3-amyl) oxazolidine, (1-200)3-acetyl-4-ethyl-2-phenyloxazolidine, (m-200) N- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2, 2'-diethyl-4, 4'-dimethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine, (n-200) 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-diphenyl-5-methyloibicyclo [3.3.0] octane, and (o-200) 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-di-n-propyl-5-methylolbicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

The compounds (a-200), (b-200) and (c-200) are particularly preferred.

Specific imidazoline compounds of formula Ia-300 which are useful in the instant invention include (a-300) 2,2-pentamethylene-5,5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one, (b-300) 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one-1-oxyl, (c-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxoimidazoline-1-oxyl, (d-300) 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diisobutyl-4-oxoimidazoline-1-oxyl, (e-300) (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-4-spiro-2'- (4-oxoimidiazoline-1-oxyl)-5'-spiro-4- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl), (f-300) 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diethyl-4-oxoimidazoline-1-oxyl, (g-300) 2, 2-[(1-methyl)-1,5-pentanediyl]-5,5-[(1-methyl)-1,5-pentanedi yl]-imidazolidin-4-one-1- oxyl, (h-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolin-4-one, (i-300) bis- [2- (2, 2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxo-imidazolin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate, (j-300) 2,2,5, 5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolin-4-one, (k-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3-[H (OCH2CH2) x]-imidazolin-4-one where x is 2 to 21, (I-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [heptadecylcarbonyl (OCH2CH2) x j-imidazolin-4-one where x is 2 to 21, (m-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [4-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butylbenzoyl (OCH2CH2) x]-imidazo lin-4-one where x is 2 to 21, (n-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [2- (heptadecylcarbonyloxyethyl]-imidazolin-4-one, (o-300) 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-methyl-1- [2- (heptadecylcarbonyloxyethyl]-imidazolin-4-one, (p-300) the transesterification product of a 1: 1 methyl methacrylate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4-one, and (q-300) the transesterification product of a 2: 1 methyl methacrylate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4-one.

The compound (a-300) is particularly preferred.

Specific piperazindione compounds of formula la-400 which are useful in the instant invention include (a-400) 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, (b-400) 15-n-octadecyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5,1,5,3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione, (c-400) 15-benzyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14,16-dione, (d-400) 4-n-octadecyl-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, (e-400) 4,4'-n-octamethylene-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, (f-400) 15-n-octadecyl-1, 9-dimethyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14,16-dione, (g-400) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1- (4-hydroxy-3, 5-ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2, 6-dione, (h-400) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-acetyl-1- (4-hydroxy-3, 5-ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2,6-dione, (i-400) tetramethylene bis [4- (3, 3,4,5,5-pentamethylpiperazin-2,6-dione-1-yl) butyrate], (j-400) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-1-octylpiperazin-2, 6-dione, (k-400) 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxylpiperazin-2, 6-dione, and (1-400) 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1- (ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-piperazin-2, 6-dione.

The compounds (a-400) and (b-400) are particularly preferred.

Specific piperazinone compounds of formula 11-500 or 111-500 which are useful in the instant invention include (a-500) 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N-[2-(2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s- triazine, (b-500) 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N-[2-(1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s- triazine, (c-500) 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl), (d-500) 7-methyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14-one, (e-500) 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2-ketopiperazine, (f-500) 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1-octyl-2-ketopiperazine, (g-500) 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxyl-2-ketopiperazine, (h-500) 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazin-2-one, (i-500) 3,3,5, 5-tetramethyl-4-cyclohexyloxy-1-[2-(dodecanoyloxy)ethyl] piperazin-2-one, (j-500) bis[2-(4-cyclohexyloxy-3, 3,5, 5-tetramethyl-2-ketopiperazin-1-yl)ethyl] sebacate, and (k-500) 4-octyloxy-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-1-octadecylpiperazin-2-one.

The compounds (a-500), (b-500) and (c-500) are particularly preferred.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the ratio by weight of components (i) to (ii) is from 4: 1 to 1: 4, in particular from 2: 1 to 1: 2.

In still another embodiment of the invention, the total amount of components (i) and (ii) are 0.01 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 2 %, in particular 0.1 to 0.5%, by weight based on the wax.

The UV absorber of component (ii) is for example a benzotriazole, a benzophenone, an a- cyanoacrylate, an oxanilide, an s-triazine, a cinnamate, a malonate, a benzoate or a salicylate, or a mixture thereof, in particular a benzotriazole, a benzophenone or an s-triazine.

Examples of the UV absorbers useful in the instant invention are (a) 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, (b) 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, (c) 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (d) 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl-2H-benzotriazole, (e) 2- (2-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-amylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (f) octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, (g) 2- (2-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (h) 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (i) 5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (j)5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (k) 2- (2-hydroxy-3-sec-butyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (I)2- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (m) 2- (2-hydroxy-3-dodecyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (n) 2- [2-hydroxy-3, 5-di (a, a-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, (o) 2- [2-hydroxy-3- (a, a-dimethylbenzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, (p) 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H- benzotriazole, (q) 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (octyloxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H- benzotriazole, (r) 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate, (s) 4-methoxy-2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenone, (t) 4,4'dimethoxy-2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenone, (u) 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, (v)2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, (w) 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s- triazine, (x) 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumyl phenyl]-s-triazine, (y) reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate, and (z) the mixture of 3,3; 3,5; 5,5-methylene-bis [2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)]-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3- butyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxyphenyl)]-s-triazine.

The UV absorbers (a), (b), (d), (o), (p), (q), (y) and (z) are particularly preferred.

Another embodiment of the instant invention involves a composition wherein the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphite, a nitrone, an amine oxide or a hydroxylamine, or mixture thereof.

Examples of the antioxidants useful in this invention are (a') n-octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, (b') neopentanetetrayl tetrakis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinammate), (c') di-n-octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, (d') 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, (e') thiodiethylene bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate), (f') 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, (g') 3,6-dioxaoctamethylene bis (3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate), (h') 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, (i') 2,2'-ethylidene-bis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), (j') 1,3,5-tris (2,6-dimethyl-4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, (k') 1,1,3,-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, (I') 1,3,5-tris [2- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyloxy) ethyl] isocyanurate, (m') 3,5-di- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) mesitol, (n') hexamethylene bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate), (o') 1- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-3, 5-di (octylthio)-s-triazine, (p') N, N'-hexamethylene-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamamide), (q') calcium bis (ethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate), (r') ethylene bis [3,3-di (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) butyrate], (s') octyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmercaptoacetate, (t') bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl) hydrazide, (u') N, N-di-(C, 4-C24alkyl)-N-methylamine oxide, and (v') N, N-dialkylhydroxylamine prepared from di (hydrogenated tallow) amine by direct oxidation.

The antioxidants (a'), (b'), (d'), (f'), (h') and (i') are particularly preferred.

It should be noted that candles contain a host of various components. The base materials may be made up of the following: paraffin wax, natural oils, polyamide plus fatty acid/ester, fatty acids such as stearin, opacifiers, beeswax, glycerides plus oxidized wax, alcohols, and ethylene oligomers.

Candles also contain a number of additives such as the following : mold release agents, fragrances, insect repellants or insecticides, hardeners, crystal modifiers, clarifiers, guttering reducers, colorants, f. p. control agents, stretchability improvers, gelling agents, extrusion aids, and vortex reducers.

Each of the various components are meant to control or modify the properties of the candle to insure proper burning, reduce channelling, aid in uniform melting, and the like. The colorants and fragrances obviously are there to provide the proper color, scent or other aesthetic appeal.

Of increasing importance are the transparent gel candles which look like clear glass, but which burn like a classical candle. As is discussed in detail in United States Patent No. 5,879,694, the relevant parts of which are incorporated herein by reference, these gel candles usually contain a copolymer selected from the group consisting of a triblock, radial block, diblock or multiblock copolymer classically made up of at least two thermodynamically incompatible segments containing both hard and soft segments. Typical of such block copolymers is KRATON@ (Shell Chemical Co.) which consists of block segments of styrene monomer units and rubber monomer or comonomer units. The most common structure found in KRATON@ D series is a linear ABA block with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS).

The following examples are meant for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed to limit the instant invention in any manner whatsoever.

Raw Materials Wax samples are supplied by the Candle-Lite Corporation. These samples contain dyes and fragrances.

The UV absorbers and hindered amine stabilizers are obtained from the Ciba Speciality Chemicals Corporation.

Sample Preparation The wax samples obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation already contain a dye and a fragrance (scent). In these cases, the wax is melted and the appropriate stabilizer (s) is (are) added and dissolved in the molten wax. The stabilized wax is then poured into five (5) 44 mm diameter aluminum pans giving five (5) wax disks.

Sample Exposure Triplicate samples of each disk are exposed under a bank of six (6) cool-white fluorescent lamps (40 watts) or under a bank of six (6) UV lamps having a wavelength of 368 nm with the test samples being twelve (12) inches (30.48 cm) below the lamps.

Dye color fade (or color change) is measured by a Macbeth ColorEye Spectrophotometer with a 6 inch integrating sphere. The conditions are: 10 degree observer; D65 illuminant and 8 degree viewing angle.

Initial color measurements are taken using the above parameters. The L, a and b values are calculated using the CIE system from the reflectance values. YI is calculated from the L, a and b values. Subsequent measurements are taken at specified intervals. Delta L, a, b and YI values are simply the difference between the initial values and the values at each interval. Delta (A) E is calculated as follows : [ (Delta L) 2 + (Delta a) 2 + (Delta b) 2] 1'2 = Delta E.

Example 101: 5-hydroxymethyl-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

This compound is made according to the procedure of Example A1 of WO 99/14206.

Example 102 : 5- (2-ethylhexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

This compound is made according to the procedure of Example A19 of WO 99/14206.

Example 103: 5, 5'-bis (decandioyloxymethyl-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone).

This compound is made according to the procedure of Example A6 of WO 99/14206.

Example 104: 5-dodecanoyloxymethyl-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

This compound is made according to the procedure of Example A4 of WO 99/14206.

Example 105: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) hE after 37 days Blank (no add) 20.27 D (0.3%) 15.88 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 9.62 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 7.32 E (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 4.86 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is 5-hydroxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, the compound of instant Example 101.

These data show that a morpholinone compound (Compound E) in combination with an UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 106: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 26 days Blank (no add) 29.81 F (0.3%) 25.37 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 10.27 A (0.3%) 9.45 A (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 4.81 G (0.15%) + H (0.15%) 3.90 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazoi-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

F is bis (1-octyloxy-2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-1) sebacate, TINUVINO 123, CIBA.

G is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

H is 5- hexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, the compound of instant Example 102.

These data show that a morpholinone compound (Compound H) in combination with a UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 107: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) #E after 33 days Blank (no add) 34.68 D (0.3%) 32.86 A (0.3%) 30.74 A (0. 15%) + D (0.15%) 30.31 B (0. 15%) + D (0.15%) 25.09 B (0. 15%) + C (0.15%) 21.24 H (0. 15%) + G (0.15%) 16.34 I (0. 15%) + C (0.15%) 15.78 I (0. 15%) + A (0.15%) 13.53 H (0. 15%) + A (0.15%) 13.07 *) A is octyl 3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVIN# 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBE 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN# 292, CIBA.

G is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

H is 5- (2-ethylhexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, the compound of instant Example 102.

I is 5,5'-bis (decandioyloxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone), the compound of instant Example 103.

These data show that a morpholinone compound (Compound H or I) in combination with a UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 108: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 25 days Blank (no add) 45.09 D (0.3%) 32.03 A (0.3%) 25.50 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 29.74 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 30.11 H (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 15.77 I (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 15.36 *) A is octyl 3-(benzOtriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINd 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazo, e, TINUVINS 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN# 292, CIBA.

H is 5- (2-ethylhexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, the compound of instant Example 102.

I is 5,5'-bis (decandioyloxymethyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone), the compound of instant Example 103.

These data show that a morpholinone compound (Compound H or I) in combination with a UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 109: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl p-methoxy- benzylidenemalonate, SANDUVOR# PR 25, in combination with 0.2% by weight of N- (2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-tetrahydro-1, 4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 110: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- piperidin-4-yl) p-methoxybenzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 31, in combination with 0.1% by weight of N- (1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-1, 4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 111: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of dimethyl di (p-chlorophenyt)- methylenemalonate in combination with 0.1% by weight of N-(1-acetyl-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl- piperidin-4-yi)-3-n-tetradecyl-tetrahydro-1, 4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 112: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl di (p-methoxy- phenyl) methylenemalonate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3-pentamethylene-5,5- dimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 113: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- dihydroxybenzophenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,4-trimethyl-5-ethyl-5- hydroxymethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 114: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-tert-butylphenyl 2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 115: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2-ethyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3-diethyl-5,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2-morpholinone.

Example 116: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4- (a-methylbenzyl)-2-morpholinone.

Example 117: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3-phenyl-3-methyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5, 5-tetramethyl-4-(α-methylbenzyloxy)- 2-morpholinone.

Example 118: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of N- (2-hydroxyethyl)-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-2- morpholinone.

Example 119: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 1130, CIBA, in combination with 2% by weight of 3,3,4,5-tetramethyl-5- (octadecanoyloxymethyl)-2- morpholinone.

Example 120: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2- [2-hydroxy-3- (a, a-dimethyl- benzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 928, CIBA, in combination with 0.2% by weight of bis (3,3,4,5-tetramethyl2-morpholinon-5-ylmethyl) terephthalate.

Example 121: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert- butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 326, CIBA, in combination with 0. 1% by weight of 5-hydroxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 122: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 5-dodecanoyloxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 123: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0. 1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVIN# 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 124: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA, in combination with 0. 1% by weight of 5- (2-ethyl- hexanoyloxymethyl)-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 125: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 5,5'-bis (decandioyloxymethyl-3, 3,5-trimethyl-2- morpholinone).

Example 126: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxy- cinnamate in combination with 0.1% by weight of N- (2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)- tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 127: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'dihydroxy- benzophenone in combination with 0.1% % by weight of N- (1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yi)- tetrahydro-6-methyl-1, 4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 128: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5, 4'-di- tert-butyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of N- (1-acetyl-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl- piperidin-4-yl)-3-n-tetradecyl-tetrahydro-1, 4-oxazin-2-one.

Example 129: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethyl- phenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3-pentamethylene-5, 5-dimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 130: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumylphenyl]-s-tri azine in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,4-trimethyl-5-ethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 131: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1-acetyl- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4,4-(1-oxa-2, 4-dioxo-3-dodecyliminotetramethylene) piperidine, TINUVIN# 440, CIBA, and 0. 1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 132 : Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN@292, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 5-hydroxymethy-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 133: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4-tert-octylphenyl2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 2% by weight of 3, 3-diethyl-5, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2- morpholinone.

Example 134: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.1% by weight of octyl 3-(benzotriazol-2-y,)-5-tert-buty,-4-hydroxyhydro- cinnamate, TINUVIN# 384, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4- (a-methyl- benzyl)-2-morpholinone.

Example 135: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy- 4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5, 5-tetramethyl-4-(α-methylbenzyloxy)-2-morpholinone.

Example 136: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of pentaerythrityl tetrakis [3,3- diphenyl-a-cyanoacrylate] in combination with 0.2% by weight of N- (2-hydroxyethyl)-3, 3,5,5- tetramethyl-2-morpholinone.

Example 137: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of octyl 3- (p-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenyl-a-cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,4,5-tetramethyl-5- (octa- decanoyloxymethyl)-2-morpholinone.

Example 201: 3,3-Dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Into a solution of 45 g (460 mmol) of cyclohexanone in 300 mL of toluene is added 35.6 g (400 mmol) of 2-amino-2,2-dimethylethanol. The reaction mixture is then heated to reflux and the by- product water is collected by a Dean-Stark trap. After 16 hours of heating at reflux, the reaction mixture is allowed to cool to ambient temperature and is then concentrated under vacuum to give 55 g of a yellow liquid. The product, identified by mass spectroscopy (m/z = 169), is obtained in an 81.4% yield. The structure is confirmed by'Hnmr.

Hnmr (CDC, 3) (300.08 MHz) 8 1. 26 (s, 6H), 1.56-1.60 (m, 10H), 3,59 (s, 2H), 2.22 (s, 1H).

Example 202: 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine.

Into a 500 mL, three-necked flask with a reverse Dean-Stark trap is added 45 g (500 mmol) of 2-amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, 40 g (700 mmol) of acetone and 200 mL of methylene chloride.

The reaction mixture is heated to reflux for 16 hours until no starting 2-amino-2,2-dimethyl- ethanol is detected. The reaction mixture is allowed to cool to ambient temperature and is than concentrated under vacuum (200 mm Hg/30°C) to give 50 g (77.5% yield) of a colorless liquid.

The product is identified by mass spectroscopy (m/z = 129) and'Hnmr analysis.

Hnmr (CDCI3) (300.08 MHz) 81. 26 (s, 6H), 1.39 (s, 6H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 2.17 (s, 1H).

Example 203: 2,2,11,11-Tetramethyl-3,9-dioxa-dispiro (4.2.4.2] tetradecane.

Into a solution of 40 g (360 mmol) of 1,4-cyclohexanedione in 200 mL of toluene is added 63.5 g (720 mmol) of 2-amino-2,2-dimethylethanol. The reaction mixture is then heated to reflux and the by-product water is collected in a Dean-Stark trap. After 16 hours of heating at reflux, the reaction is allowed to cool to ambient temperature and is then concentrated under vacuum to give 91 g (98.4% yield) of a brownish wet solid. The product is identified by mass spectroscopy (m/z = 254) and'Hnmr.

'Hnmr (CDCI3) (300.08 MHz) 8 1. 22 (s, 12H), 1.69 (s, 4H), 1.83 (d, 4H), 3.53 (s, 4H).

Example 204: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) tE after 30 days Blank (no add) 14.47 A (0.3%) 10.47 D (0.3%) 10.00 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 8.93 B (0. 15%) + D (0.15%) 3.42 F (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 3.11 G (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 3.10 F (0.15%) + H (0.15%) 2.20 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVIN@ 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl0-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN# 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is 2-(2-hydroxy-3-a-cumy,-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINE 928, CIBA.

F is 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, the compound of instant Example 201.

G is 2,2,4, 4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, the compound of instant Example 202.

H is 2, 4-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl0-6-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-octyl/nonyl/decyloxy-2-h ydroxypropoxy)-5-α- cumylphenyl]-s-triazine.

These data show that an oxazoiidine compound (Compound F or G) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 205: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 32 days Blank (no add) 21.10 D (0.3%) 16.24 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 11.15 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 9.84 F (0.15%) + H (0.15%) 5.97 F (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 4.73 G (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 2.88 ') A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

F is 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, the compound of instant Example 201.

G is 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, the compound of instant Example 202.

H is 2, 4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-octyl/nonyl/decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a- cumylphenyl]-s-triazine.

These data show that an oxazolidine compound (Compound F or G) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 206: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 24 days Blank (no add) 16.22 A (0.3%) 10.36 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 9.22 F (0.15%) + H (0.15%) 6.22 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylpheny,)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINS 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

F is 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane, the compound of instant Example 201.

H is 2, 4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-octyVnonyVdecyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5- (x- cumylphenyl]-s-triazine.

These data show that an oxazolidine compound (Compound F) in combination with an s-triazine UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 207: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) tE after 23 days Blank (no add) 30.07 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 10.96 G (0. 15%) + E (0.15%) 8.13 *) B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORB# 81, CIBA.

E is 2-(2-hydroxy-3-a-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINE 928, CIBA.

G is 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, the compound of instant Example 202.

These data show that an oxazolidine compound (Compound G) in combination with a benzotriazole UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 208: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl p-methoxy- benzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 25, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3- dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4. 5] decane.

Example 209: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- piperidin-4-yl) p-methoxybenzylidenemalonate, SANDUVOR@ PR 31, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine.

Example 210: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of dimethyl di (p-chlorophenyl)- methylenemalonate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,11,11-tetramethyl-3,9-dioxa- dispiro (4.2.4.2] tetradecane.

Example 211: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl di (p-methoxy- phenyl) methylenemalonate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-oxyl-4- azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 212: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- dihydroxybenzophenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-hydroxy-4- azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 213 : Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-tert-butylphenyl 2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3-dimethylol-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 214: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2-ethyloxanilide in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,3,3-trimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 215 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3-di (2-hydroxyethyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 216 : Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3-phenyl-3-methyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4-ethyl-2-isopropyloxazolidine.

Example 217 : Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-diisopropyl-5-ethyl- bicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

Example 218 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-{2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-[2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 1130, CIBA, in combination with 2% by weight of 3-acetyl-4, 4-dimethyl-2- (3-amyl) oxazolidine.

Example 219 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(α,α-dimethyl- benzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 928, CIBA, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3-acetyl-4-ethyl-2-phenyloxazolidine.

Example 220: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert- butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 326, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of N- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2, 2'-diethyl-4, 4'-dimethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine.

Example 221: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3-(benzotriazo,-2-y,)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINd3 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-diphenyl-5-methylolbicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

Example 222: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3-(benzotriazo,-2-y,)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-di-n-propyl-5-methylolbicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

Example 223: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2- phenyl- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3-dimethyl-1- oxa-4-hydroxy-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 224: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 225: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxy- cinnamate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine.

Example 226: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'dihydroxy- benzophenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-di-n-propyl-5- methylolbicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

Example 227: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5, 4'-di- tert-butyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,11,11-tetramethyl-3,9-dioxa- dispiro (4.2.4.2] tetradecane.

Example 228: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethyl- phenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3-acetyl-4, 4-dimethyl-2- (3-amyl) oxazolidine.

Example 229: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumylphenyl]-s-tri azine in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 4-ethy,-2-isopropy, oxazo, idine.

Example 230: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1-acetyl- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4, 4- (1-oxa-2, 4-dioxo-3-dodecyliminotetramethylene) piperidine, Tl NUVI Nt 440, CIBA, and 0. 1% by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-di-n-propyl-5-methylolbicyclo [3.3.0]- octane.

Example 231: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN@292, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine.

Example 232: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4-tert-octylphenyl2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 2% by weight of 2,2,11,11-tetramethyl-3,9-dioxa-dispiro (4.2.4.2]- tetradecane.

Example 233: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydro- cinnamate, TINUVIN# 384, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-hydroxy-4- azaspiro [4.5] decane.

Example 234: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy- 4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1, 3-oxazolidine.

Example 235: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of pentaerythrityl tetrakis [3,3- diphenyl-a-cyanoacrylate] in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3-acetyl-4-ethyl-2-phenyl- oxazolidine.

Example 236: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of octyl 3- (p-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenyl-a-cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-2,8-diphenyl-5- methylolbicyclo [3.3.0] octane.

Example 301: 2, 2-Pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one.

The title compound is prepared according to the procedure given in J. Organic Chemistry, 28, 3576 (1963).

Example 302: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 28 days Blank (no add) 34.05 A (0.3%) 30.28 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 29.49 D (0.3%) 31.20 B (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 24.23 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 20. 10 F (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 15.63 F (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 13.07 F (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 11.26 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINE 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

F is 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one, the compound of instant Example 301.

These data show that an imidazolidine compound (Compound F) in combination with a UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 303: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) #E after 25 days Blank (no add) 45.09 D (0.3%) 32.03 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 29.74 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 30.11 A (0.3%) 25.50 F (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 15.51 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINQ3 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

F is 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one, the compound of instant Example 301.

These data show that an imidazolidine compound (Compound F) in combination with a UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 304 : Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add ! AE after 41 days Blank (no add) 17.73 A (0.3%) 13.71 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 11.54 F (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 9.95 F (0.15%) + G (0.15%) 9.89 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

F is 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one, the compound of instant Example 301.

G is the mixture of 3,3; 3,5; 5,5-methylene-bis [2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)]-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3- butyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxyphenyl)]-s-triazine.

These data show that an imidazolidine compound (Compound F) in combination with an s- triazine UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 305: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl p-methoxy- benzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 25, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 2,2-penta- methylene-5, 5-pentamethylene-imidazolidin-4-one-1-oxyl.

Example 306: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- piperidin-4-y,) p-methoxybenzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 31, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolin-4-one.

Example 307: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of dimethyl di (p-chlorophenyl)- methylenemalonate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxoimidazoline- 1-oxyl.

Example 308: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl di (p-methoxy- phenyl) methylenemalonate in combination with 0.2% by weight of bis- [2- (2, 2,5,5-tetramethyl-4- oxo-imidazolin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.

Example 309: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- dihydroxybenzophenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diisobutyl-4- oxoimidazoline-1-oxyl.

Example 310: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-tert-butylphenyl 2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- (2-hydroxy- ethyl)-imidazolin-4-one.

Example 311 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2-ethyloxanilide in combination with 0.1 % by weight of (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-4-spiro-2'- (4- oxoimidiazoline-1-oxyl)-5'-spiro-4- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl).

Example 312 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3-[H (OCH2CH2) x]-imidazolin- 4-one where x is 2 to 21.

Example 313 : Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3-phenyl-3-methyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diethyl-4-oxoimidazoline- 1-oxyl.

Example 314: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of the transesterification product of a 1: 1 methyl methacrylate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazo- lidin-4-one.

Example 315 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 1130, CIBA, in combination with 2% by weight of the transesterification product of a 2: 1 methyl methacrylate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4- one.

Example 316: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2- [2-hydroxy-3- (a, a-dimethyl- benzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 928, CIBA, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 2,2- [ (1-methyl)-1, 5-pentanediyl]-5, 5- [ (1-methyl)-1, 5-pentanediyl]-imidazolidin-4-one-1- oxyl.

Example 317: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert- butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 326, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3-[heptadecy, carbonyl (OCH2CH2), J-imidazolin-4-one where x is 2 to 21.

Example 318 : Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2, 2,5, 5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3-[4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoyl (OCH2CH2)x]-imidazolin-4- one where x is 2 to 21.

Example 319 : Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [2- (heptadecylcarbonyloxyethyl]-imidazolin-4-one.

Example 320 : Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetra- methyl-3-methyl-1- [2- (heptadecylcarbonyloxyethyl]-imidazolin-4-one.

Example 321 : Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene- imidazolidin-4-one-1-oxyl.

Example 322: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxy- cinnamate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2-pentamethylene-5, 5-pentamethylene- imidazolidin-4-one.

Example 323: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'dihydroxy- benzophenone in combination with 0. 1% by weight of the transesterification product of a 1: 1 methyl methacrylate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazo- lidin-4-one.

Example 324: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5, 4'-di- tert-butyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,2-pentamethylene-5,5-penta- methylene-imidazolidin-4-one.

Example 325: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethyl- phenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of the transesterification product of a 2: 1 methyl methacryl ate : ethyl acrylate copolymer with 3-hydroxyethyl-2, 2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4- one.

Example 326: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2,4-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl)-6- <BR> <BR> <BR> [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumylphenyl]-s-tri azine in combination with 0.1% by weight of (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-4-spiro-2'- (4-oxoimidiazoline-1- oxyl)-5'-spiro-4- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl).

Example 327: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1-acetyl- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4,4-(1-oxa-2, 4-dioxo-3-dodecyliminotetramethylene) piperidine, TINUVIN# 440, CIBA, and 0.1 % by weight of bis- [2- (2, 2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxo-imidazolin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.

Example 328: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, Ciba, and 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [4-hydroxy-3,5-di- tert-butylbenzoyl(OCH2CH2)x]-imidazolin-4-one where x is 2 to 21.

Example 329: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4-tert-octylphenyl2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 2% by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxoimidazoline-1-oxyl.

Example 330: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydro- cinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, and 0.1 % by weight of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-methyl-3- [2- (heptadecylcarbonyloxyethyl]-imidazolin-4-one.

Example 331: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy- 4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 2,2- [ (1-methyl)-1, 5-pentanediyl]-5, 5- [ (1-methyl)-1, 5-pentanediyl]-imidazolidin-4-one-1- oxyl.

Example 332: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of pentaerythrityl tetrakis [3,3- diphenyl-a-cyanoacrylate] in combination with 0.2% by weight of bis- [2- (2, 2,5,5-tetramethyl-4- oxo-imidazolin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.

Example 333: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of octyl 3- (p-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenyl-a-cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 2,2-pentamethylene-5,5-penta- methylene-imidazolidin-4-one.

Example 401 : 4- (3, 5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine.

This compound is prepared according to the procedure of Example 5e of United States Patent No. 3,969,316.

Example 402: 15-n-Octadecyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5, 1, 5,3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione.

This compound is prepared according to the procedure of Example 4 of United States Patent No. 5,125,517.

Example 403: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) #E after 30 days Blank (no add) 14.47 A (0.3%) 10.47 D (0.3%) 14.05 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 8.93 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 5.72 E (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 4.49 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1-octyloxy-2, 2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, T) NUViN@ 123, CIBA.

E is 2- (2, 4-dibutyloxyphenyl)-4, 6-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

F is 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, the compound of Example 401.

These data show that a piperazindione compound (Compound F) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 404: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 32 days Blank (no add) 21.10 G (0.3%) 16.24 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 11.15 A (0.15%) + G (0.15%) 9.84 E (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 8.02 H (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 7.51 1 (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 7.30 ) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

E is 2- (2, 4-dibutyloxyphenyl)-4, 6-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

F is 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, the compound of Example 401.

G is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-y,) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

H is 5-trifluoromethyl-2- (2-hydroxy-3-a-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole.

I is C20-C40alkyl 3-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl0-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydr ocinnamate.

These data show that a piperiazindione compound (Compound F) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 405: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Samp, e* (wt% add ! AE after 23 days Blank (no add) 30.07 D (0.3%) 25.70 A (0.3%) 9.14 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 10.96 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 5.11 E (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 4.60 H (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 4.96 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1-octyloxy-2, 2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 123, CIBA.

E is 2- (2, 4-dibutyloxyphenyl)-4, 6-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

F is 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, the compound of Example 401.

H is 5-trifluoromethyl-2- (2-hydroxy-3-a-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole.

These data show that a piperazindione compound (Compound F) in combination with a UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 406: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) hE after 28 days Blank (no add) 34.05 A (0.3%) 30.28 G (0.3%) 31.20 A (0.15%) + G (0.15%) 29.49 B (0.15%) + G (0.15%) 24.23 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 20.10 C (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 15.15 E (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 12.37 H (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 10.32 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVIN@ 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

E is 2- (2, 4-dibutyloxyphenyl)-4, 6-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

F is 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, the compound of Example 401.

G is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN@ 292, CIBA.

H is 5-trifluoromethyl-2- (2-hydroxy-3-a-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole.

These data show that a piperazindione compound (Compound F) in combination with a benzotriazole UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 407: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) hE after 25 days Blank (no add) 45.09 G (0.3%) 32.30 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 30.11 A (0.15%) + G (0.15%) 29.74 A (0.3%) 25.50 I (0.15%) + J (0.15%) 17.82 E (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 17.43 H (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 10.84 *) A is octyl 3-(benzOtriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINX 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

E is 2- (2, 4-dibutyloxyphenyl)-4, 6-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

F is 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine, the compound of Example 401.

G is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

H is 5-trifluoromethyl-2- (2-hydroxy-3-a-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole.

I is the reaction product of 2,4,6-tris (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine with octyl a-haloacetate.

J is 15-n-octadecyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5,1,5,3] hexadecane-14,16-dione.

These data show that a piperazindione compound (Compound F or J) in combination with a benzotriazole UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 408: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl p-methoxy- benzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 25, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 15-benzyl- 7,15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione.

Example 409: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- piperidin-4-yl) p-methoxybenzylidenemalonate, SANDUVOR@ PR 31, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4-n-octadecyl-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine.

Example 410 : Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of dimethyl di (p-chlorophenyl)- methylenemalonate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-n-octamethylene-bis (2,2,6,6- tetramethyl-3, 5-diketopiperazine.

Example 411 : Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl di (p-methoxy- phenyl) methylenemalonate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 15-n-octadecyl-1, 9-dimethyl- 7,15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione.

Example 412 : Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- dihydroxybenzophenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1- (4-hydroxy-3,5-ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2,6-dione.

Example 413 : Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-tert-butylphenyl 2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-acetyl-1- (4-hydroxy-3,5- ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 414: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2-ethyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of tetramethylene bis [4- (3, 3,4,5,5-pentamethylpiperazin-2,6- dione-1-yl) butyrate].

Example 415 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-1-octylpiperazin-2,6-dione.

Example 416: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3-phenyl-3-methyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxylpiperazin-2,6- dione.

Example 417: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1- (ethoxycarbonyl- methyl)-piperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 418: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 1130, CIBA, in combination with 2% by weight of (a) 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetra- methyl-3, 5-diketopiperazine.

Example 419 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2- [2-hydroxy-3- (a, a-dimethyl- benzyl)-5-tert-octylphenylj-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 928, CIBA, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 15-n-octadecyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5,1,5,3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione.

Example 420: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 5-chloro-2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert- butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 326, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 15-benzyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14, 16-dione.

Example 421 : Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3-(benzotriazo,-2-y,)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4-n-octadecyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine.

Example 422: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4, 4'-n-octamethylene-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine.

Example 423: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyi- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 15-n-octadecyl- 1,9-dimethyl-7,15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14, 1 6-dione.

Example 424: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1- (4-hydroxy-3,5- ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 425: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxy- cinnamate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-acetyl-l- (4-hydroxy-3,5- ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 426: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'dihydroxy- benzophenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of tetramethylene bis [4- (3, 3,4,5,5-penta- methylpiperazin-2, 6-dione-1-yl) butyrate].

Example 427: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5, 4'-di- tert-butyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-1-octyl- piperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 428: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethyl- phenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxylpiperazin-2,6-dione.

Example 429: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumylphenyl]-s-tri azine in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1- (ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-piperazin-2,6-dione.

Example 430: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1-acetyl- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4, 4- (1-oxa-2, 4-dioxo-3-dodecyliminotetramethylene) piperidine, TINUVINO 440, CIBA, and 0.1 % by weight of 4- (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- diketopiperazine.

Example 431: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of bis (1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN@) 292, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 15-n-octadecyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5,1,5,3] hexa- decane-14, 16-dione.

Example 432: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4-tert-octylphenyl2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 2% by weight of 15-benzyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane- 14,16-dione; Example 433: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yi)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydro- cinnamate, TINUVIN@ 384, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 4-n-octadecyl-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- diketopiperazine.

Example 434: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy- 4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-n-octamethylene-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-diketopiperazine.

Example 435: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of pentaerythrityl tetrakis [3,3- dipheny,-a-cyanoacrylate] in combination with 0.2% by weight of 15-n-octadecyl-1, 9-dimethyl- 7,15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14,16-dione.

Example 436: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of octyl 3- (p-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenyl-a-cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1- (4-hydroxy-3, 5-ditert-butylbenzylpiperazin-2, 6-dione.

Example 501 : 1,3,5-tris {N-cycloheXyl-N-[2-(2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}- s-triazine.

This compound is a commercial stabilizer GOODRITEO 3150, obtained from the Goodrite Corporation and is made by the general procedures given in United States Patent No.

4,547,538.

Example 502: 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N- [2- (1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine.

This compound is a commercial stabilizer GOODRITEO 3159, obtained from the Goodrite Corporation and is made by the general procedures given in United States Patent No.

4,547,538.

Example 503: 1, 2-ethane-bis (3, 3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl).

This compound is a commercial stabilizer GOODRITEE 3034, obtained from the Goodrite Corporation and is made by the general procedures given in United States Patent No.

4,547,538.

Example 504: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) hE after 35 days Blank (no add) 13.66 A (0.3%) 10.04 D (0.3%) 9.37 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 7.12 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 3.96 G (0.15%) + F (0.15%) 2.78 H (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 2.46 G (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 1.80 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINE 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yi) sebacate, TINUVIN# 292, CIBA.

E is 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, UV 1164, CYTEC.

F is ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-dipheny, acry, ate, UVINULS N-35, BASF.

G is 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N-[2-(2, 2,6,6-tetramethy, piperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethy,] amino}-s-triazine, GOODRITEO 3150, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 501.

H is 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl), GOODRITEO 3034, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 503.

These data show that a piperazinone compound (Compound G or H) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 505: Color Fade of Pink Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in pink scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) hE after 37 days Blank (no add) 20.27 D (0.3%) 15.88 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 7.32 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 9.62 H (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 4.83 G (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 2.88 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazof-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TiNUVINO 384, CUBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, UV 1164, CYTEC.

G is 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N- [2- (2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine, GOODRITEO 3150, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 501.

H is 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl), GOODRITEO 3034, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 503.

These data show that a piperazinone compound (Compound G or H) in combination with a UV absorber protects the pink scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 506: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low hE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) #E after 34 days Blank (no add) 16.01 A (0.3%) 11.26 t (0.3%) 11.32 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 8.52 A (0.15%) + I (0.15%) 3.16 H (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 2.76 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORB@ 81, CIBA.

H is 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl), GOODRITEO 3034, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 503.

I is bis (1-octyloxy-2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 123, CIBA.

These data show that a piperazinone compound (Compound H) in combination with a UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 507: Color Fade of Gray Scented Candle Wax under UV Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in gray scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under UV lamp exposure. The AE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) AE after 26 days Blank (no add) 29.81 1 (0.3%) 25.37 A (0.3%) 9.45 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 10.27 A (0.15%) + @ (0.15%) 4.81 H (0.15%) + A (0.15%) 3.71 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA.

B is 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

H is 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yl), GOODRITE@ 3034, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 503.

I is bis (1-octyloxy-2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 123, CIBA.

These data show that a piperazinone compound (Compound H) in combination with a UV absorber protects the gray scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 508: Color Fade of White Scented Candle Wax under Fluorescent Lamp Exposure.

A variety of different stabilizers are evaluated in white scented candle wax obtained from the Candle-Lite Corporation under fluorescent lamp exposure. The hE values represent the change in color after the indicated days of exposure. A low AE value indicates less change in color and is highly desired.

Sample* (wt% add) DE after 33 days Blank (no add) 34.68 A (0.3%) 30.74 D (0.3%) 32.86 B (0.15%) + C (0.15%) 21.24 A (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 30.31 B (0.15%) + D (0.15%) 25.09 G (0.15%) + E (0.15%) 17.23 *) A is octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVIN@ 384, CIBA.

B is 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINX 329, CIBA.

C is 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, CHIMMASORBO 81, CIBA.

D is bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVINO 292, CIBA.

E is 2, 4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, UV 1164, CYTEC.

G is 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N-[2-(2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethy,] amino}-s-triazine, GOODRITE3 31 50, GOODRITE, the compound of Example 501.

These data show that a piperazinone compound (Compound G) in combination with a UV absorber protects the white scented candle wax from unwanted discoloration far better than conventional stabilizer systems.

Example 509: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl p-methoxy- benzylidenemalonate, SANDUVOR@ PR 25, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 7-methyl- 7,15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14-one.

Example 510 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- piperidin-4-yl) p-methoxybenzylidenemalonate, SANDUVORO PR 31, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2-ketopiperazine.

Example 511: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of dimethyl di (p-chlorophenyl)- methylenemalonate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1- octyl-2-ketopiperazine.

Example 512: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dimethyl di (p-methoxy- phenyl) methylenemalonate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxyl- 2-ketopiperazine.

Example 513: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- dihydroxybenzophenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1-(2- hydroxyethyl) piperazin-2-one.

Example 514: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-tert-butylphenyl 2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-cyclohexyloxy-1- [2- (do- decanoyloxy) ethyl] piperazin-2-one.

Example 515 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethoxy-2-ethyloxanilide in combination with 0.1 % by weight of bis [2- (4-cyclohexyloxy-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-2-ketopiperazin- 1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.

Example 516 : Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-1-octadecylpiperazin-2- one.

Example 517: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3-phenyl-3-methyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N-[2-(2, 2,6,6-tetra- methylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine.

Example 518 : Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N- [2- (1, 2,2,6,6- pentamethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine.

Example 519 : Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2- {2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- [2- (omega-hydroxy-octa (ethyleneoxy) carbonyl) ethyl] phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO 1130, CIBA, in combination with 2% by weight of 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1- yi)- Example 520: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(a, a-dimethyl- benzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN@ 928, CIBA, in combination with 0.2% by weight of 7-methyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14-one.

Example 521: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2- pheny,)- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVINO P, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1,3,3,5,5- pentamethyl-4- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2-ketopiperazine.

Example 522: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1-octyl-2-ketopiperazine.

Example 523: Green scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxyl-2-ketopiperazine.

Example 524: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl- 2H-benzotriazole, TINUVIN# 329, CIBA, in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,4,5,5-penta- methyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazin-2-one.

Example 525: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone in combination with 0.1 % by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-cyclohexyloxy-1- [2- (do- decanoyloxy) ethyl] piperazin-2-one.

Example 526: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxy- cinnamate in combination with 0.1% by weight of bis [2- (4-cyclohexyloxy-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-2- ketopiperazin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.

Example 527: Red unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'dihydroxy- benzophenone in combination with 0.1% by weight of 4-octyloxy-3, 3,5,5-tetramethyl-1- octadecylpiperazin-2-one.

Example 528: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5, 4'-di- tert-butyloxanilide in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N- [2- (2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine.

Example 529: Yellow unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethyl- phenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1,3,5-tris {N-cyclohexyl-N- [2- (1, 2,2,6,6-penta- methylpiperazin-3-on-4-yl) ethyl] amino}-s-triazine.

Example 530: Blue scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-a-cumylphenyl]-s-tri azine in combination with 0.1% % by weight of 1,2-ethane-bis (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazin-2-on-1-yi).

Example 531: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine in combination with 0.1% by weight of 1-acetyl- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4,4- (1-oxa-2, 4-dioxo-3-dodecyliminotetramethylene) piperidine, TINUVIN# 440, CIBA, and 0.1 % by weight of 7-methyl-7, 15-diazadispiro [5.1.5.3] hexadecane-14-one.

Example 532: Blue unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)- 6- [2-hydroxy-4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVIN@ 400, CIBA, in combination with 0.1% by weight of bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, TINUVIN@292, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4- (2-hydroxyethyl)-2-keto- piperazine.

Example 533: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 4-tert-octylphenyl2-hydroxy- benzoate in combination with 2% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-octyloxy-1-octyl-2-keto- piperazine.

Example 534: White unscented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of 3-hydroxyphenyl benzoate in combination with 0. 1% by weight of octyl 3- (benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydro- cinnamate, TINUVINO 384, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-4-oxyl-2-keto- piperazine.

Example 535: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1 % by weight of dodecyl 3,3-diphenyl-a- cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.1% by weight of 2,4-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6- [2-hydroxy- 4- (3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-s-triazine, TINUVINO 400, CIBA, and 0.1% by weight of 3,3,4,5,5-pentamethyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazin-2-one.

Example 536: Yellow scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.1% by weight of pentaerythrityl tetrakis [3,3- diphenyl-a-cyanoacrylate] in combination with 0.2% by weight of 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-cyclo- hexyloxy-1- [2- (dodecanoyloxy) ethyl] piperazin-2-one.

Example 537: Red scented candle wax is well stabilized by 0.2% by weight of octyl 3- (p-methoxyphenyl)-3- phenyl-a-cyanoacrylate in combination with 0.2% by weight of bis [2- (4-cyclohexyloxy-3, 3,5,5- tetramethyl-2-ketopiperazin-1-yl) ethyl] sebacate.