STORM PROTECTION APPARATUS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus for use in protecting assets, such as buildings and the like, from damage caused by extreme weather, particularly high wind conditions.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

Damage or loss of property, such as permanent buildings, mobile accommodation such as caravans, vehicles, boats ashore, aircraft or the like often occurs during extreme weather conditions where high wind-generated forces exist. For example, items may be displaced from their intended location if their weight and/or anchorage is insufficient to resist the loads induced by high winds. However, it is often the case that damage to structures, such as permanent buildings, is initiated at their roof portion due to the creation of adverse pressure differentials. That is, high velocity wind displaced over the roof portion of a structure will create a low static air pressure above the structure relative to the internal air pressure of the structure. Moreover, air will be forced into the staicture via any opening, such as ventilation openings or the like, resulting in an increasing internal static air pressure. The roof portion will accordingly be subjected to a net lift force. If the resultant lift force is of a magnitude greater than the combined weight of the roof and the resistance offered by the fixtures securing the roof portion to the structure, then separation from the structure will occur. Upon initial separation, the underside of the roof portion will be directly exposed to the high winds such that the high dynamic air pressure will impart a significant force on the roof portion, which may contribute towards the roof portion catastrophically detaching from the structure.

In many instances, the roof portion provides considerable integrity to the structure as a whole, and loss or damage to the roof may significantly compromise the strength of the structure. Accordingly, if a roof becomes separated from a structure, as described above, the dynamic air pressure may be sufficient to cause the remaining structure to collapse.

Various systems have been proposed to alleviate the problems caused by high wind-generated forces acting on a building or mobile home or the like. For example, US 4,144,802 discloses a hurricane/tornado building protection system which

provides increased and specially adapted ventilation to accommodate extreme changes in atmospheric pressures. Additionally, US 6,088,975 teaches a hurricane protection system for mobile homes and small buildings, wherein the system comprises a storm shield having a number of embedded cables. The storm shield, in one embodiment, extends from the edge of a roof and is anchored within a channel formed at ground level, and in an alternative embodiment extends from one side of the building, over the roof, and is subsequently anchored within a ground channel on the opposite side of the building.

Other systems known in the art comprise nets or perforated sheets which are secured over a building or other object. Examples of such systems are disclosed in references CA 2,131,405, US 6,453,621 and FR 2 691 736. However, the use of netting or perforated sheets serves only to provide a physical holding or restraining force to maintain the object, or parts of the object, in a single location. There will be little or no effect on the overall aerodynamics of the object.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for use in protecting an asset, said apparatus comprising: at least one sheet member adapted to be located over an upper surface of an asset and secured between first and second anchoring means; and a first connecting assembly adapted to be coupled between one of the first and second anchoring means and the sheet member.

Preferably, the apparatus is adapted for use in protecting an asset from high wind induced loading which may be present during extreme weather conditions, such as storms, including hurricanes and tornadoes.

The apparatus may be adapted to protect any suitable physical asset, such as a structure or the like, and may include permanent buildings, temporary buildings or structures, mobile homes, caravans, vehicles, trailers, boats ashore, aircraft or the like.

Advantageously, in use, the sheet member may be. secured over at least a portion of an asset to provide protection from, for example, high wind generated forces. That is, the sheet member may advantageously deflect wind over or around the asset, thus reducing the wind induced forces imparted thereupon. Additionally, the sheet member may assist to minimise any pressure differential created externally and internally of the asset which may otherwise cause significant damage, for

example to a roof portion of a building such as a dwelling or the like. The sheet member therefore has significant advantages over the use of perforated sheets or netting which provide little or no effect on the aerodynamics of the asset. Furthermore, by virtue of securing the sheet member over the asset and between first and second anchoring means, the apparatus of the present invention will assist to retain the asset at its intended location, and provide an increased retaining force to parts of the asset, such as a roof of a building or the like. Additionally, the apparatus may assist to prevent an asset from being damaged by airborne debris during high wind conditions, for example. Preferably, the first connecting assembly comprises at least one anchor engaging member adapted to be secured at one end to the sheet member, and at an opposite end to anchor means. Preferably, the anchor engaging member comprises a flexible elongate element, such as a rope, cable, webbing or the like. Alternatively, the anchor engaging member may comprise a substantially rigid element, such as a rod or bar or the like, of any suitable material, such as metal or the like.

Beneficially, the connecting assembly may comprise a harmonic damper adapted to eliminate or at least reduce, for example, wind induced vibrations and harmonics, hi a preferred embodiment, the harmonic damper is coupled to the anchor engaging member. The anchor engaging member may be directly secured to the sheet member, for example via an eyelet, lug, bracket or the like in or on the sheet member.

Preferably, the first connecting assembly further comprises at least one connecting member adapted to be coupled to an end portion of the sheet member, wherein the anchor engaging member is adapted to be secured to the sheet member via said connecting member. Preferably, the connecting member is rigid.

Advantageously, the connecting member may be elongate and is preferably of a length substantially equal to the width of the end portion of the sheet member to which said connecting member is to be coupled. This arrangement advantageously provides support to the sheet member across the entire width thereof, assisting to ensure creation of uniform tension across the sheet member when secured between first and second anchor means, and substantially minimising or eliminating turbulence induced waves across the sheet member when exposed to high winds. Alternatively, the connecting member may be of any suitable length to be secured to an end portion of the sheet member.

The anchor engaging member may be secured to the connecting member via an eyelet, lug, bracket, threaded coupling or the like. Alternatively, the anchor engaging member may be secured to the connecting member via an inter-engaging mating profile defined between the anchor engaging member and sheet member. In one embodiment the anchor engaging member may be secured to the connecting member via a profiled eyelet or loop mating arrangement. Advantageously, the connecting member is profiled in lateral cross-section and the anchor engaging member comprises a loop, eyelet or the like adjacent one end thereof, wherein the eyelet defines a profile substantially complementary to that of the connecting member. The profile may be asymmetrical such that, in use, the connecting member may only be received within the eyelet when the member and eyelet are relatively positioned in a particular orientation. The connecting member may define a notch at a location in the outer surface thereof. Advantageously, in use, the eyelet and connecting member may be relatively orientated such that the eyelet may be slid onto the connecting member and aligned with the notch formed in the outer surface thereof, and the eyelet then subsequently rotated about the connecting member. Accordingly, due to the asymmetry of the profiles, a portion of the eyelet may become located within the notch in the connecting member thus preventing relative lateral motion of the eyelet along the connecting member. Once the connecting member and eyelet, and thus anchor engaging member, are appropriately coupled together via the profile and notch arrangement, the anchor engaging member may then be secured to appropriate anchoring means. In embodiments of the present invention the notch and anchor means are orientated to as to bias or pull the eyelet into the notch thus providing a secure connection. Advantageously, the anchor engaging member may be coupled to an anchor means via a hook arrangement. For example, the anchor means may comprise an eyelet, loop, lug, bracket or the like, and the anchor engaging member may comprise a hook portion, shackle or the like, or vice-versa. Alternatively, the anchor engaging member may be coupled to an anchor means via a clamping arrangement, threaded arrangement or the like.

Preferably, the first connecting assembly comprises two or more anchor engaging members.

Preferably, the connecting member is adapted to be releasably coupled to the sheet member. This arrangement advantageously provides a modular apparatus

permitting the sheet member and connecting assembly to be separated when required, for example, when one of the sheet member and connecting assembly is required to be replaced or removed for repair, inspection, quality assurance verification/testing or the like. Furthermore, modularity of the apparatus facilitates efficient storage of the apparatus when not in use.

Alternatively, the connecting member may be adapted to be permanently secured to the sheet member.

The connecting member may be adapted to be coupled to the sheet member by, for example, bolting, riveting, clamping, adhesive bonding or the like. Alternatively, and in a prefeiτed embodiment, the connecting member and sheet member define inter-engaging profiles adapted to be mated together and engaged to couple the sheet member to the connecting assembly. In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the connecting member and sheet member defines a female portion, and the other of the connecting member and sheet member defines a corresponding male portion. The female portion may comprise a channel, whereas the male portion may comprise a suitably profiled element adapted to be received within said channel. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the channel is defined by a bore in combination with a slot merging with the bore and extending along the entire length thereof. The bore may be circular, ovoid, square, rectangular or the like in cross-section. Preferably, the slot is of a width smaller than that of the corresponding male portion, thus preventing inadvertent separation of the male and female portions when coupled together. In this arrangement, the female portion is adapted to receive the male portion from one end of the female portion. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional profile of the female portion is substantially C-shaped. Preferably, the connecting member defines the female portion and the sheet member defines the male portion.

Alternatively, the connecting member may be coupled to the sheet member via a dove-tail arrangement, or equivalent mating structure or the like.

The connecting member may be of a metal or metal-alloy material, such as an aluminium alloy, steel or the like. Alternatively, the connecting member may be formed of a polymeric material, composite material or the like. In one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member may be formed by extrusion. Alternatively, the connecting member may be cast. Alternatively, or additionally, the connecting member may be machined.

Advantageously, the connecting member may define an aerodynamically profiled or streamlined surface adapted to minimise drag induced forces applied thereto when exposed to high wind conditions, and assisting to limit turbulent flow across the sheet member which may otherwise cause flow induced vibrations to propagate across said sheet member, resulting in increased cyclic loading on the connecting assembly and anchor means which may lead to premature material fatigue. Advantageously, the connecting member may be substantially aerofoil-shaped. In embodiments of the present invention the connecting member may be tear-shaped, pear-shaped or the like. In embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of connecting members may be provided.

Beneficially, a second connecting assembly may be provided and adapted to be coupled between the other of the first and second anchoring means and the sheet member. The second connecting member may be similar to the first connecting member. Preferably, the second connecting assembly comprises an anchor engaging member adapted to be secured between anchor means and the sheet member. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second connecting assembly comprises a single anchor engaging member. This arrangement is particularly advantageous where the first connecting assembly comprises two or more anchor engaging members in that a substantially uniform tension will be achieved in the sheet member when secured between anchoring means, assisting to minimise turbulence induced waves across the sheet member.

Preferably, one or both of the first and second connecting assemblies further comprises a tensioning system adapted to apply tension across the sheet member when secured between first and second anchor means. The tensioning system may comprise a ratchet tensioner, turnbuckle, toggle tensioner or other over-centre tensioning device, or the like.

Preferably, the apparatus comprises a plurality of sheet members adapted to be coupled together, preferably end-to-end, to form a canopy structure. In this arrangement, the first connecting assembly is adapted to be coupled to one sheet member, and the second connecting assembly is adapted to be coupled to another sheet member.

Advantageously, the sheet members are adapted to be releasably coupled together, preferably via an interconnecting assembly. By permitting the sheet

members to be releasably coupled together, the apparatus may be provided in a modular form, and thus arranged to form a canopy structure of the required size, while maintaining the size of the individual components of the apparatus within manageable limits, both in terms of handling and storage. The interconnecting assembly may comprise an inter-engaging mating structure. For example, the end of one sheet member may comprise a female portion and the end of another sheet member may comprise a corresponding male portion adapted to be received and retained within said female portion. The male and female portions may be integrally formed with the respective sheet members. Alternatively, the male and female portions may be separately formed and subsequently secured to the respective sheet members.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interconnecting assembly comprises an interconnecting member adapted to be interposed between two sheet members and to provide a coupling therebetween. Preferably, the interconnecting member is adapted to be releasably coupled between two sheet members.

Preferably, the interconnecting member is rigid. Advantageously, the interconnecting member may be elongate and is preferably of a length substantially equal to the width of the end portion of at least one of the sheet members to which said interconnecting member is to be coupled. Preferably, the interconnecting member is of a length substantially equal to the width of the widest of the sheet members. This arrangement advantageously provides support to the sheet members across the entire width thereof, assisting to ensure creation of uniform tension across the sheet members when secured between first and second anchor means, and substantially minimising or eliminating turbulence induced waves across the sheet members when exposed to high winds. Alternatively, the interconnecting member may be of any suitable length to be secured to an end portion of the sheet member.

The interconnecting member may be adapted to be coupled to the sheet members by, for example, bolting, riveting, clamping, adhesive bonding or the like, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, and in a preferred embodiment, the interconnecting member and sheet members define inter-engaging profiles adapted to be mated together and engaged to couple the sheet members to the interconnecting assembly. In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the interconnecting member and sheet members defines a female portion, and the other of the

interconnecting member and sheet members defines a corresponding male portion. The female portion may comprise a channel, whereas the male portion may comprise a suitably profiled element adapted to be received within said channel. Preferably, the interconnecting member defines two female portions adapted to respectively receive a male portion provided on each of the sheet members.

Alternatively, the interconnecting member may be coupled to the sheet member via a dove-tail arrangement, or equivalent mating structure or the like.

The interconnecting member may be of a metal or metal-alloy material, such as an aluminium alloy, steel or the like. Alternatively, the interconnecting member may be formed of a polymeric material, composite material or the like. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interconnecting member may be formed by extrusion. Alternatively, the interconnecting member may be cast. Alternatively, or additionally, the interconnecting member may be machined.

In embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of interconnecting members may be provided and adapted to be interposed between two sheet members.

Advantageously, the sheet members may be adapted to be secured side-by- side.

Preferably, the sheet member is non-perforated. Preferably also, the sheet member is flexible which advantageously permits, among other things, the sheet member to be secured over assets of varying shapes and to be folded for storage or transportation or the like. Preferably, the sheet member comprises a fabric material, such as a woven fabric, non-woven fabric, laminated fabric, composite fabric or the like. The sheet member may comprise any suitable material, such as polyester, Kevlar®, Nylon, Mylar®, or the like. Advantageously, the sheet member may be square or rectangular or the like.

Alternatively, at least a portion of the sheet member may comprise tapered edges. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sheet members are provided, wherein at least one sheet member is square or rectangular, and at least one sheet member is substantially triangular in shape. In a preferred embodiment, a square or rectangular form sheet member is coupled to the first connecting assembly, and a substantially triangular shaped sheet member is coupled to the second connecting member.

Preferably, the apparatus comprises a protrusion adapted to extend outwardly relative to a surface of the sheet member. Advantageously, the protrusion may be

elongate and arranged to be substantially perpendicular with a central axis of the sheet member. Beneficially, the protrusion may be of a length substantially equal to the width of the sheet member. Preferably, in use, the protrusion is adapted to extend generally upwardly from the apparatus and into an air flow, thus causing separation of the air flow from a surface of the apparatus, assisting to reduce the static air pressure of the air flow and thus the net lift force which may act on the asset over which the apparatus is located. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion is adapted to be positioned adjacent the highest point of the asset over which the apparatus is located, such that flow separation will advantageously be achieved at the downstream side of the asset when exposed to an air flow, for example.

Preferably, the protrusion is adapted to be releasably coupled to the apparatus. The protrusion may be coupled to the sheet member, for example to an end portion of the sheet member or to a surface region of the sheet member. Alternatively, the protrusion is preferably coupled to an interconnecting member located between two sheet members. The protrusion may be coupled to an interconnecting member via an inter-engaging profile arrangement or the like. In an alternative arrangement the protrusion may be otherwise fixed to an interconnecting member, for example by clamping, bolting, screwing, riveting, gluing, welding or the like. In one embodiment the protrusion is mounted on or integrally formed with a first support member and positioned on one side of an interconnecting member, wherein the first support member is engaged by a second support member located on an opposite side of said interconnecting member. In this arrangement the protrusion and first support member are clamped against the interconnecting member. The first and second support members may be engaged via a releasable connection, such as a snap-fit connection, bolting, screwing or the like. In one embodiment one of the first and second support members comprises at least one engaging member adapted to extend towards and engage the other of the first and second support members. The at least one engaging member may extend through the an interconnecting member, or alternatively, or additionally, may extend around a side edge of an interconnecting member.

The protrusion may be of a metal or metal-alloy material, such as an aluminium alloy, steel or the like. Alternatively, the protrusion may be formed of a polymeric material, composite material or the like. In one embodiment of the present

invention, the protrusion may be formed by extrusion. Alternatively, the protrusion may be cast. Alternatively, or additionally, the protrusion may be machined.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the sheet member is adapted to be coupled between first and second anchor means positioned remote from the asset over which the sheet member is to be located. Alternatively, the sheet member is adapted to be coupled between first and second anchor means secured to the asset. Alternatively further, the sheet member may be adapted to be coupled to a first anchor means positioned remote from the asset, and a second anchor means secured to the asset. Preferably, the apparatus of the present invention further comprises first and second anchor means between which the sheet member may be secured. Preferably, the anchor means comprise a coupling component, such as a lug, hook, loop, eyelet, threaded portion or the like, adapted to be coupled to the sheet member, either directly or via a connecting assembly. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchor means are adapted to be secured to the ground surrounding the asset over which the sheet member is to be located. The anchor means may be bolted to the ground, for example via a concrete pile or the like. Alternatively, the anchor means may be adapted to be driven into the ground to be supported subterraneously. For example, the anchor means may comprise a spike or stake adapted to be driven into the ground, and optionally secured therein, for example via a concrete base or the like. Alternatively, the anchor means may comprise an auger style earth anchor adapted to be driven into the ground by boring. Alternatively further, the anchor means may comprise a toggle style earth anchor adapted to be driven into the ground and subsequently set in place by applying an axial pulling force on said anchor. A toggle style anchor such as a

Duckbill® earth anchor may advantageously be utilised, providing sufficient support while utilising minimal ground surface area. Accordingly, the anchor means may be initially installed and left in place such that the sheet member may be readily deployed at short notice when required. In one embodiment the anchor means comprises a toggle style earth anchor having a toggle element pivotally coupled to one end of an elongate member. Advantageously, a central region of the toggle element is pivotally coupled to the elongate member. Preferably, the toggle element is adapted to be pivoted between a first position in which the toggle element is aligned substantially parallel with a

longitudinal axis of the elongate member, and a second position in which the toggle element is aligned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the elongate member.

Preferably, the anchor further comprises an adjustable member adjustably mounted on the elongate member and aligned substantially coaxially therewith such that a telescoping effect between the elongate member and adjustable member may be achieved. Accordingly, the length of the anchor may be varied. In a preferred arrangement the adjustable member is threadably coupled to the elongate member such that relative rotation of the adjustable member and elongate member permits adjustment therebetween. Advantageously, in use, the toggle element of the anchor may be located in the first position and the anchor subsequently driven into the ground, for example by hammering or the like, with an end of the toggle element leading. A driving rod may be utilised during insertion of the anchor into the ground. For example, the driving rod may engage the toggle element and be adapted to apply or transmit a driving force thereto to drive the anchor into the ground. Once this initial insertion is completed, the driving rod may be removed, or alternatively retained in place. Following this initial step of insertion, the entire anchor may be pulled in a reverse or extraction direction, for example by pulling on the adjustable member, thus causing the toggle element to pivot relative to the elongate member towards the second position. In this position the toggle element provides resistance to further extraction thus establishing a suitable anchor. Once the toggle element is positioned as described above, the adjustable member may be adjusted relative to the elongate member to alter the length of the anchor. The adjustable member may be translated so as to protrude from the ground by a desired extent. However, in a preferred embodiment the adjustable member is translated such that an upper end thereof is located adjacent, or below the ground. In this way, an anchor may be established with minimal or no protusion above ground level.

Preferably, the anchor further comprises a coupling arrangement adapted to be coupled to the sheet member, either directly or via a connecting assembly. The coupling arrangement is preferably positioned adjacent an end of the adjustable member, preferably an upper end when in situ. The coupling arrangement may be integrally formed with the adjustable member. Alternatively, the coupling arrangement may be secured to or engaged with the adjustable member. The coupling arrangement may comprise a ground engaging member, such as a socket or the like,

and a coupling component, such as an eye plate adapted to be retained by the ground engaging member. Preferably, the ground engaging member is secured in place by the adjustable member. Advantageously, the ground engaging member comprises a socket adapted to be at least partially embedded in the ground. Preferably, the apparatus is adapted for use in protecting a permanent building from damage during high wind conditions. Advantageously, the apparatus is adapted for protecting mobile structures, such as vehicles, mobile homes, trailers, boats ashore, aircraft or the like.

Preferably, a plurality of individual apparatuses of the present invention are adapted for use in combination to provide a system for protecting an asset.

Advantageously, the provision of a plurality of apparatuses provides multiple redundancies such that failure of one apparatus will not be sufficient to compromise the integrity and effectiveness of the entire system.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for protecting an asset, said method comprising the steps of: positioning a sheet member over an upper surface of an asset; securing one end of the sheet member to a first anchoring means via a first connecting assembly; and securing an opposite end of the sheet member to a second anchoring means. Preferably, the method further comprises the step of coupling together a plurality of sheet members to form a canopy structure, and securing said canopy structure between said first and second anchoring means. Advantageously, the sheet members may be coupled together either directly, or alternatively via an interconnecting member. Advantageously, the method may further comprise the step of setting in place said first and second anchoring means. The first and second anchoring means may be positioned remotely from the asset, for example in the ground surrounding the asset. Alternatively, the anchoring means may be positioned on the asset.

Preferably, the first connecting assembly comprises at least one anchor engaging member adapted to be secured at one end to the sheet member, and at an opposite end to the first anchoring means. Preferably, the anchor engaging member comprises a flexible elongate element, such as a rope, cable, webbing or the like.

Alternatively, the anchor engaging member may comprise a substantially rigid

element, such as a rod or bar or the like, of any suitable material, such as metal or the like.

The anchor engaging member may be directly secured to the sheet member, for example via an eyelet, lug, bracket or the like in or on the sheet member. Preferably, the first connecting assembly further comprises at least one connecting member adapted to be coupled to an end portion of the sheet member, wherein the anchor engaging member is adapted to be secured to the sheet member via said connecting member. The anchor engaging member may be secured to the connecting member via an eyelet, lug, bracket, threaded coupling or the like. Alternatively, the anchor engaging member may be secured to the connecting member via an inter-engaging mating profile defined between the anchor engaging member and sheet member.

Preferably, the sheet member is coupled to the second anchoring means via a second connecting assembly. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for use in protecting an asset, said system comprising; a plurality of sheet members adapted to be located over an upper surface of an asset and secured respectively between first and second anchoring means; and a plurality of connecting assemblies adapted to be coupled between a respective sheet member and a respective first anchoring means.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kit of parts for forming an apparatus for use in protecting an asset, said kit of parts comprising: at least one sheet member; and a first connecting assembly; wherein the sheet member is adapted to be located over an upper surface of an asset and secured between first and second anchoring means, the first connecting assembly being adapted to be coupled between one of the first and second anchoring means and the sheet member. Preferably, the kit of parts comprises a second connecting assembly adapted to be coupled between the other of the first and second anchoring means and the sheet member.

Preferably also, the kit of parts comprises a plurality of sheet members adapted to be secured together. Advantageously, the kit of parts may further comprise

at least one interconnecting assembly adapted to be coupled between adjacent sheet members, when in use.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connection assembly comprising: an elongate first member having an asymmetrical lateral cross-sectional profile and defining a notch in an outer surface thereof; and a second member comprising an eyelet adapted to receive the first member when the first and second members are relatively positioned in a first orientation, wherein rotation of the eyelet relative to the first member engages a portion of the eyelet within the notch of the first member.

Accordingly, by locating a portion of the eyelet within the notch in the first member, relative lateral motion of the eyelet, and second member, along the first member may be prevented.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anchor comprising: an elongate member; a toggle element pivotally coupled to one end of the elongate member, wherein the toggle element is adapted to be pivoted between a first position in which the toggle element is aligned substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the elongate member, and a second position in which the toggle element is aligned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the elongate member; and an adjustable member adjustably mounted on the elongate member and aligned substantially coaxially therewith.

In a preferred arrangement the adjustable member is threadably coupled to the elongate member such that relative rotation of the adjustable member and elongate member permits adjustment therebetween.

Advantageously, in use, the toggle element of the anchor may be located in the first position and the anchor subsequently driven into the ground, for example. Following this initial step of insertion, the entire anchor may be pulled in a reverse or extraction direction, for example by pulling on the adjustable member, thus causing the toggle element to pivot relative to the elongate member towards the second position. In this position the toggle element provides resistance to further extraction thus establishing a suitable anchor. Once the toggle element is positioned as described above, the adjustable member may be adjusted relative to the elongate

member to alter the length of the anchor. The adjustable member may be translated so as to protrude from the ground by a desired extent. However, in a preferred embodiment the adjustable member is translated such that an upper end thereof is located adjacent, or below the ground. In this way, an anchor may be established with minimal or no protrusion above ground level.

Preferably, the anchor further comprises a coupling arrangement. The coupling arrangement is preferably positioned adjacent an end of the adjustable member, preferably an upper end when in situ. The coupling arrangement may be integrally formed with the adjustable member. Alternatively, the coupling arrangement may be secured to or engaged with the adjustable member. The coupling arrangement may comprise a ground engaging member, such as a socket or the like, and a coupling component, such as an eye plate adapted to be retained by the ground engaging member. Preferably, the ground engaging member is secured in place by the adjustable member. Advantageously, the ground engaging member comprises a socket adapted to be at least partially embedded in the ground.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1, taken along line 2-2;

Figures 3 A and 3B are perspective views of an end region of the portion of the apparatus shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 shows a component part of the apparatus shown in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an interconnecting component of the apparatus of Figure 1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of an interconnecting component of the apparatus of Figure 1, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of an interconnecting component of the apparatus of Figure 1, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 8A and 8B are perspective and sectional views respectively of an interconnecting component of the apparatus of Figure I, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the component shown in Figures 8A and 8B; Figure 10 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a plurality of the apparatuses shown in Figure 1 in use with a permanent building; and

Figure 11 is an end view of the building of Figure 6 showing an apparatus of the invention located over a roof portion;

Figures 12 to 15 are diagrammatic views of a ground anchor in various stages of installation, in accordance with an embodiment of aspects of the present invention;

Figure 15 is an exploded perspective view of a socket and coupling component for use with the anchor shown in Figures 12 to 15;

Figure 16 is an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Figure 1;

Figure 17 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a transporting and deploying cart for use with the apparatus of Figure 1 ; and

Figure 18 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an enclosure for containing the apparatus of Figure 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Reference is first made to Figure 1 in which there is shown a plan view of an apparatus, generally identified by reference numeral 10, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As will be discussed in more detail below, the apparatus 10 is adapted for use in providing protection to an asset, such as a building or the like from damage which may be caused during high wind conditions. The apparatus 10 comprises a first flexible sheet member 12 which is generally rectangular in shape, and a second flexible sheet member 14 which is generally triangular in shape, wherein the first and second sheet members 12, 14 are coupled together via a rigid interconnecting member 16. Preferred forms of interconnecting member 16 will be discussed in detail below. The first and second sheet members 12, 14 are composed primarily of a fabric material, such as a woven fabric, non-woven fabric, laminated fabric, composite fabric or the like, and may comprise materials such as polyester, Kevlar©, nylon, Mylar® or the like.

One end of the first sheet member 12 is, in use, coupled to a first anchor (not shown) via a first connecting assembly, generally identified by a reference numeral

18. The connecting assembly 18 comprises a rigid connecting member 20 coupled to one end of sheet member 12, and a pair of anchoring cables 22, 24 fixed at one end to the connecting member 20 and at an opposite end to a suitable anchor or anchors (not shown). The first connecting assembly 18 is particularly advantageous in that sheet member 12 will be supported across its entire width, assisting to ensure creation of uniform tension across sheet member 12, and assisting to substantially minimise or eliminate turbulence induced waves which may propagate across sheet member 12 when exposed to high winds.

The triangular shaped second member 14 is secured to a further anchor (not shown) via a single anchoring cable 26, which is fixed to sheet member 14 via an eyelet portion 28. Thus, in use, the apparatus 10 may be located over an upper surface of an asset such as a building, boat ashore, plane or the like, and anchored in place via the three anchoring cables 22, 24, 26, and three respective anchoring points. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in that a substantially uniform tension will be achieved in the apparatus 10, and turbulence induced fluttering of the sheet members 12, 14 will be minimised, while assisting to prevent twisting of the apparatus 10.

Reference is now made to Figure 2 of the drawings in which there is shown a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1, of the connecting member 20, demonstrating the manner in which member 20 is coupled to the end of sheet member

12.

Connecting member 20 defines a longitudinal bore 30, which is open at one side via longitudinal slot 32, thus forming a substantially C-shaped channel 34. Sheet member 12 defines a profiled end portion, generally identified by reference numeral 36, which is adapted to be received within said C-shaped channel 34 of member 20.

The profiled end portion 36 is formed by a cylindrical member 38, which may be a rigid bar, flexible rope, cord, wire or the like, over which member 38 the material of sheet member 12 is looped. As shown, the maximum outer diameter of the cylindrical member 38 is greater than the width of the longitudinal slot 32, such that the profiled end portion 36 of sheet member 12 will not inadvertently pass through slot 32, thus causing the sheet member 12 to become detached from the connecting assembly 18. In use, the profiled end portion 36 of sheet member 12 is slidably received within the channel 34 from one end of the connecting member 20.

The connecting member defines an aerodynamically profiled leading edge which assists to minimise drag induced forces applied thereto when exposed to high wind conditions, and assisting to limit turbulent flow across the sheet member 12 which may otherwise cause flow induced fluttering or vibration to propagate across said sheet member 12, resulting in increased cyclic loading on the connecting assembly 18 and anchor (not shown) which may lead to premature material fatigue.

Reference is now made to Figures 3A and 3B which demonstrate the method by which anchoring cables 22, 24 are connected to the connecting member. Each cable (only cable 24 is shown in Figures 3A and 3B) terminates in a strop 100 formed by looping the end of the cable 24 around an eyelet 102 and securing using a crimp fitting 104. The eyelet 102 is of a profile corresponding to that of the connecting member 20 such that the eyelet 102 may be passed over the connecting member 20 only when in the relative position shown in Figure 3A. The connecting member 20 defines a notch 106 in an outer surface thereof and extending into the C-shaped channel 34. The eyelet 102 may therefore be slid over the connecting member 20 until aligned with the notch 106, and then rotated in the direction of arrow 108 (Figure

3B) such that a portion of the eyelet 102 is received within the notch 106. In this position the eyelet 102, and thus cable, become reliably secured to the connecting member 20. Furthermore, once located within the notch 106, the eyelet 102 will prevent the sheet member 12 from sliding from the C-shaped channel 34.

An end cap 109 for use with the connecting member 20 is shown in Figure 4, reference to which is now made. The cap 109 includes a socket 110 adapted to be fitted on the end of connecting member 20, and a spherical hollow member 112 mounted on the socket 110. The cap 109 may be used to provide end-protection to an installed connecting member 20 and prevent injury to a person passing the member

20.

Reference is now made to Figure 5 of the drawings in which there is shown a cross-sectional view of one form of an inter-connecting member, designated 16a, which may be interposed between sheet members 12 and 14. In a similar fashion to the connecting member 20 shown in Figure 2, inter-connecting member 16a comprises a first C-shaped channel 40 adapted to receive a profiled end portion 42 of sheet member 12, and a second C-shaped channel 44 adapted to receive a corresponding profiled end portion 46 of sheet member 14. Profiled end portions 42, 46 of the respective sheet members 12, 14 are similar to end portion 36 in that each

comprise respective cylindrical members 48, 50 over which the sheet members 12,14 are looped.

An alternative form of interconnecting member for use in coupling together the sheet members 12, 14 is shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 6, wherein the interconnecting member is identified by reference numeral 16b. Interconnecting member 16b is similar to that member 16a shown in Figure 5, in that it comprises first and second C-shaped channels 51, 52 which receive respective profiled end portions 54, 56 of sheet members 12, 14, the profiled end portions 54, 56 being formed by looping the sheet member material over respective cylindrical members 58, 60. The interconnecting member 16b further defines an elongate slotted channel

62 within which is located an inverted T-shaped bar 64. In use, bar 64 is adapted to extend generally upwardly from the apparatus 10 and into an air flow, thus causing separation of the air flow from the upper surface of the apparatus 10, assisting to reduce the static air pressure of the air flow and thus reduce the net lift force which may act on the asset over which the apparatus 10 is located.

A further alternative form of interconnecting member is shown in Figure 7, wherein the interconnecting member is identified by reference numeral 16c. It should be noted that member 16c is substantially identical to member 16b shown in Figure 6, and as such like components share the same reference numerals. Interconnecting member 16c differs from member 16b shown in Figure 6 in that member 16c defines a second elongate slotted channel 62a within which is located a second T-shaped bar 64a. Accordingly, interconnecting member 16c is substantially symmetrical. Thus, the interconnecting member 16c may advantageously be utilised in either orientation, and, furthermore, the lowermost T-shaped bar 64a may conveniently act as a stand- off, providing a spacer between the member 16c and, for example, the roof portion of a building.

A still further alternative form of interconnecting member is shown in Figures 8 A and 8B, wherein the interconnecting member is generally identified by reference numeral 16d. Referring initially to Figure 8 A, member 16d comprises two opposed C-shaped channel portions 114, 116 integrally formed with and connected via a elongate web portion 118. In a similar manner to that discussed above, the ends of adjacent sheet members are slid into respective channel portion 114, 116. The web portion 118 defines a plurality of apertures 120 (only one shown) along the length thereof, the function of which will now be described with reference to Figure 8B,

which is a cross-sectional view of member 16d taken along line B-B in Figure 8 A. Mounted on an upper surface of the member 16d is an upper support member 122 which comprises an upwardly extending projection 124, which in use functions to cause separation of air flow from the upper surface of the apparatus 10 when in use. Support member 122 further comprises a plurality of downwardly extending cylindrical members 126 (only one shown) distributed along the length thereof and in use adapted to extend through respective apertures 120 in the interconnecting member 16d. The free end of each cylindrical member 126 incorporates a barbed flange 128 which engages a lower support member 130 located on a lower surface of member 16d. The lower support member 130 defines a plurality of apertures 132 (only one shown) for receiving respective flanges 128. Accordingly, in use, the interconnecting member 16d is clamped between the upper and lower support members. This arrangement provides protection to member 16d, and in use provides protection to the asset over which the apparatus 10 is to be located. A perspective view of the interconnecting member 16d and upper and lower members 122, 130, in use, is shown in Figure 9, reference to which is now made. Located at either end- of the assembly are upwardly extending ears 134 which act to guide the apparatus over and around an asset, such as a building. The ears are integrally formed with the upper support member 122 and are connected to the projection 124 which provide rigid structural support to the ears 134.

Reference is now made to Figure 10 of the drawings in which there is shown a diagrammatic representation of a building 66 over which is located and secured a plurality of apparatuses 10 in order to protect said building 66 from damage which may be caused by wind induced loading. Each apparatus 10 is secured between anchors 68 located on either side of the building 66, and in the preferred embodiment shown, the anchors 68 are positioned remotely from the base 70 of the building 66. Accordingly, the apparatuses 10 collectively define a canopy which extends from one side of the building 66 to the other. The canopy formed by the individual apparatuses 10 advantageously deflects wind over the building 66, thus reducing the wind induced forces imparted thereupon. Additionally, the apparatuses 10 assist to minimise any pressure differential externally and internally of the building 66, which may otherwise cause significant damage to the roof portion 72 of the building 66. Furthermore, the combined effect of the apparatuses 10, by being secured between anchors 68 on either side of the building 66, will assist to retain the building at its intended location, and

provide an increased retaining force to parts of the building 66, such as the roof portion 72. Advantageously, the provision of a plurality of apparatuses 10 provides multiple redundancies such that failure of one apparatus 10 will not be sufficient to compromise the integrity and effectiveness of the entire protection system. An end view of the building 66 is shown in Figure 11, wherein a single apparatus 10 is shown located over the roof portion 72 of the building 66, and anchored between anchor points 68. As noted above with reference to Figure 10, the anchor points 68 are distanced from the base portion 70 of the building 66 which advantageously provides improved streamlining of the building 66, thus reducing the drag forces and dynamic pressure forces imparted thereon when exposed to high wind conditions.

It should be understood that many forms of anchor 68 may be utilised. However, in the preferred embodiment shown, each anchor 68 incorporates a respective toggle style anchor member 74 which comprises an elongate drive member 76 having a lug 78 at one end extending above the ground level 80, and a toggle portion 82 located at the opposite end and adapted to be located below ground level 80. The anchor members 74 are located in place by being driven into the ground, and subsequently secured therein by applying a pulling force on the anchor member 74 to position the toggle portion 82 in the position as shown in Figure 11. Accordingly, the system permits the anchors to be installed and retained in place to be used as required.

In this way, once the system has been installed, the components and anchorages may be individually and regularly tested in order to quality assure the system. A detailed description of a preferred form of ground anchor is provided below with reference to Figures 12 to 15. Referring still to Figure 11, it should be noted that the apparatus 10 further comprises a tensioning system 84 which is adapted to apply tension to the apparatus 10 between the anchor points 68. In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the tensioning system is secured to anchoring cable 26. However, it should be understood that a tensioning system may be provided on any or all of the three anchoring cables 22, 24, 26 (Figure 1) of the apparatus 10. One or more of the anchoring cables may comprise or be used in conjunction with a cam-cleat or similar fitting (not shown) which permits adjustment of the cable(s) and subsequently locks the cable(s) at the desired length.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the T-shaped bar 64 or projection 124 mounted on an interconnecting member is shown positioned at the highest point 86 of the roof portion 72. This arrangement advantageously causes separation of the airflow to be achieved at the downstream side of the building 66, thus maximising the reduction in the lift force which may be applied to roof portion 72.

A preferred form of ground anchor will now be described with reference to Figures 12 to 15. ^• Referring initially to Figure 12, the ground anchor, generally identified by reference numeral 136, comprises a toggle 138 pivotally mounted on a lower end of an elongate rod 140. An adjustable member 142 is threadably coupled to rod 140 via threaded connection 144. In use the toggle 138 is initially position to be aligned parallel with rod 140, as shown in Figure 12, and the anchor 136 then driven into the ground 146. To assist insertion a drive rod 148 (only partially shown) is inserted into a slot 150 in the toggle 138 and then utilised to drive the anchor into the ground 146, for example by hammering. Once driven in to a sufficient depth the drive rod 148 is removed and the entire anchor 136 is pulled via the adjustable member 142 in an extraction direction, as shown in Figure 13. Upon pulling, the toggle 138 is caused to pivot to a position substantially perpendicular to rod 140 at which point the toggle 138 provides resistance to further extraction thus establishing a suitable anchor. Once the toggle 138 is positioned as described above, the adjustable member

142, which projects above the ground level 146, is adjusted relative to rod 140 to alter the length of the anchor 136. The adjustable member 142 is translated such that an upper end thereof is located slightly below the ground level 146, as shown in Figure 14. In this way, an anchor may be established with minimal or no protrusion above ground level. The upper end of the adjustable member 142 comprises a circumferential flange 160 which engages and retains in place a ground socket 162, which will now be described in detail with reference to Figure 6, which is an exploded perspective view of the socket 162 and associated components.

The socket 162, which is shown partially cut-away for clarity, comprises a cup 164 and an annular flange 166 coupled to the open end of the cup 164. The flange

166 is adapted to be positioned substantially flush with ground level when in use. Located around the outer perimeter of the cup 164 are four ribs 168 spaced 90° from each other, wherein the ribs 168 assist to prevent or at least minimise movement of the socket 162 when located in the ground.

A slot 170 extends through the wall of the cup 164 and is adapted to receive the end of the adjustable member 142. The slot terminates in an enlarged aperture 172 which permits the circumferential flange 160 of the adjustable member 142 to pass therethrough and subsequently be retained by the slot 170. Accordingly, during installation of the anchor 136 (Figures 12 to 14), the socket 162 may be engaged with the adjustable member 142 via the slot 170 and aperture 172, and then subsequently drawn into the ground by tightening the adjustable member against the inner surface of the cup 164.

Referring still to Figure 15, an eye-plate 174 is provided and inserted into the cup 164 of the socket 162, wherein the eye-plate 174 comprises a lug 176 which provides an attachment point. Once the eye-plate 174 is located within the cup 164 a retaining ring 178 is positioned within a recessed lip 180 formed on the flange 166 and secured thereto via screws (not shown). The retaining ring 170 therefore retains the eye-plate 174 within the cup 164. A cap 182 is provided to cover the cup opening when the anchor is not in use. When the anchor is required, the cap 182 may be removed to access the eye-plate 174, and an anchor cable or the like then coupled to the lug 176.

Reference is now made to Figure 16 in which there is shown a portion of the apparatus 10 which incorporates a solar cell 184 for generating an electrical current. In the embodiment shown the generated current may power an electronic instalment, such as a tension indicator having a digital display 186 for displaying the applied tension across the apparatus.

To assist in transporting and deploying the apparatus 10, a cart, shown diagrammatically in Figure 17 and identified by reference numeral 188, may be utilised. The cart 188 comprises a trough 190 and opposed channel sections 192 which receive ^* the ends of a connecting member 20 about which the apparatus 10 is wound. The apparatus 10 may therefore be wheeled to its desired location and subsequently deployed directly by unrolling.

When not in use, the apparatus 10 may be stored in a storage enclosure, such as that shown diagrammatically in Figure 18. The enclosure, identified by reference numeral 194 incorporates a plurality of bays 196 to accommodate a number of apparatuses 10. A compartment 198 may also be provided to accommodate the deployment cart 188 shown in Figure 17. Access to the bays 196 may be achieved

from both sides of the enclosure 194. The enclosure 194 may be closed by roller shutters or other suitable door mechanism.

The apparatus 10 according to the present invention provides a highly modular system which may be readily assembled and deployed for use in protecting an asset such as a building. Accordingly, the apparatus may be provided in individual components and subsequently assembled to the provide the required dimensions for use with the specific asset to be protected. Furthermore, providing a highly modular apparatus permits said apparatus to be readily stored when not in use, and also permits the apparatus to be easily handled and readily deployed with minimal effort and expenditure of time.

It should be understood that the embodiments described above are merely exemplary and that various modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, any number of sheet members 12, 14 may be utilised to form the apparatus 10 of the present invention. Additionally, any number of anchoring cables may be used to secure the apparatus between suitable anchor points. Furthermore, the anchoring cable may incorporate harmonic dampers to eliminate or at least reduce wind induced vibration and harmonics. Additionally, the releasable coupling between the sheet members and the connecting and interconnecting members may be of any suitable interengaging coupling arrangement, such as a dove-tail type arrangement or the like. Additionally, embodiments of the invention may utilise threaded connections between the sheet members and connecting and interconnecting members. Additionally, it should be understood that the apparatus 10 of the present invention may be utilised for use in protecting any other asset which may be exposed to high wind conditions, such as mobile homes, trailers, vehicles, or the like.