LORENC, Robert (ul. Zurawia 39/64, 59-300 Lubin, PL)
KOWAL, Szymon (ul. Krucza 47/38, 59-300 Lubin, PL)
LORENC, Robert (ul. Zurawia 39/64, 59-300 Lubin, PL)
KOWAL, Szymon (ul. Krucza 47/38, 59-300 Lubin, PL)
Claims
1. Suspension system for vehicles, especially road and terrain vehicles, embedded into an at least four-wheel or caterpillar track cart, characterized in that the chassis frame being supported in three points (A, B, C), the chassis frame is supported in the central support point (C) on the crossing of the crosswise bar (W), tippable cart and supporting bar (Y), whereas the two other point-supporters are axial support points (A, B), which are located on the axle (O) ended with the wheels of the vehicle, additionally the cart is tippable to the underbody frame of the chassis of the vehicle in at least two planes.
2. Suspension according unit of claim 1, characterized in that the cart being elastically attached to the chassis with elastic elements (Z) and stabilisers (K).
3. Suspension according unit of claim 1, characterized in that the central point of support (C) being in the centre of the crosswise bar (W) attached to the springs.
4. Suspension according unit of claim 1, characterized in that the support bar (Y) being installed rotary in the crosswise bar (W).
5. Suspension according unit of claim 1, characterized in that the driving axle (F) being attached to other elements of the vehicle's cart with elastic elements (M) by means of stabilisers (K), keeping the cart with the bridge (F) in the vehicle's axle.
6. Suspension according unit of claim 1, characterized in that one end of the supporting bar (Y) being installed in the rotary mount of the axle (X) ended with the vehicle's wheels, while the other end of the supporting bar (Y) is branched into the elastic elements (M) which bind the drive bridge (F) with the drive cart's construction. Drawing symbol list:
A - axial support point,
B - axial support point,
C - central support point,
F - driving axle,
M - elastic element,
K - stabiliser,
O - axle,
W - crosswise bar,
X - rotary axle mount,
Y - support bar,
Z - resilient element. |
Suspension system for vehicles, especially road and terrain vehicles
The subject of the invention is a suspension system for road and terrain vehicles such as trucks, buses, military vehicles and ambulances, especially for vehicles exposed to cross strokes or vehicles in which chassis shock reduction is important. The suspension system aims at mitigating shocks created during the movement of the wheels on roads 1 unevenness. The suspension is a system of elements connecting the wheels with the frame or chassis of the car. From a Polish patent claim number PL377016 we know of a road vehicle with a stiff-axle suspension system, which on the lower ends of the chassis frame leg, by the left and right end of the stiff axle, has elongated elements in the shape of a fragment of rod or section arranged vertically and embracing the axle from the front and back. On the elements or other elements based on them, favourably made of a dampening material, by the left and right end of the stiff axle, there is a pair of vertically- longitudinal tracks. The tracks are flat, slide surfaces, arranged vertically and along the axle. One track in the front and one in the back of the axle is parallel and oppositely connected into pairs so that along the axle they create a narrow vertically-longitudinal gap in which the axle is located. On the elements or other elements based on them, favourably made of a dampening material, by the left and right end of the stiff axle, there is at least one vertically-longitudinal track, and the elements create at least one pair between the left and right end of the axle. The tracks are flat, slide surfaces and are arranged vertically and crosswise to the axle, creating a pair, parallel and opposite to each other, so that that crosswise to the axle they create a wide vertically-longitudinal gap which crosses the axle.
The elastic vehicle suspension system, especially for road and terrain vehicles is known from a Polish patent claim number PL192322. The suspension system contains at least one flat or spatial mechanism with four links, of which three kinematic pairs are rotary and the fourth kinematic pair is rotary or sliding, with two mechanism links as eccentrics and one link as an eccentric or a crossmember. One of the mechanism links is connected with the road wheel, another mechanism link is connected with a resilient element, while the whole mechanism is attached to the vehicle's underbody by means of
another of its links for achieving a non-linear dependency between deflecting the resilient element and deflecting the vehicle's wheel.
The vehicle's axle crossmember with stabilising knuckles and the vehicle's axle containing such a crossmember is known from a Polish patent claim number PL357268. The crossmember consists of an external pipe, one end of which is attached to the spoke situated on one side of the vehicle, and the other end is directed to the second spoke situated on the other side of the vehicle, and out of the internal pipe, partly inserted into the inside of the external pipe and attached with its external end to the second spoke. The internal and external pipes are connected with each other with at least two stabilising knuckles made of elastomeric material, with some space between them, in a longitudinal direction of the pipes, located between the external surface of the internal pipe and the internal surface of the external pipe. Each stabilising knuckle has its own radial stiffness. In order to secure the symmetry of stiffness during deflection, the stabilising knuckles have characteristics proportional to their radial stiffness which move the centre of gravity.
According to the invention, what is essential for the suspension system is that the chassis frame or the chassis is supported in three points of support. The chassis frame or the chassis is supported in the central point of support in the crossing of the crosswise bar and the tippable bar supporting a tippable cart, whereas the other two point-supporters are axial points of support which are situated on the axle ended by the vehicle's wheels. In addition, the driving cart is tippable to the chassis frame or the chassis in at least two planes.
Advantageously, the cart is elastically attached to the chassis by means of elastic and stabilising elements. Advantageously, the central point of support is in the centre of the crosswise bar attached to the elastic elements.
Advantageously, the tippable support bar is mounted rotary in the crosswise bar. Advantageously, the first end of the tippable support bar is mounted in a rotary mount of the axle ended with the vehicle's wheels, whereas the other end of the tippable support bar branches off and by means of elastic elements binds the driving axle with the cart's construction.
Advantageously, the driving cart is attached to the vehicle with elastic elements by means of stabilisers keeping the cart in the vehicle's axle.
The construction of the suspension system is an advantage of the invention. It is destined for new vehicles, but is also suitable for improving already existing vehicles, especially mining vehicles. The suspension improves driving comfort and decreases amplitudes of the vehicle's tilting by reducing the influence of the ground's incline and unevenness on the level position of the frame or chassis. An additional advantage is the minimization of the effect of side strokes such as tightness, deformations, shocks, transferring to the chassis or frame. The use of a three-point support significantly reduces the effects of side strokes which cause frequent damage of suspension or frame and also gives a possibility of choosing the position of the frame or chassis against the cart. In addition, irrespectively of the arrangement of load in the vehicle, the wheels of the cart are weighted equally what results from the suspension's construction as the pressure to the cart is transferred in a single-point manner. The subject of the invention in the example is exposed in the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows a vehicle and a cart with a three-point suspension in a schematic presentation, fig. 2 — support bar with suspension in a schematic presentation. Example 1 Suspension for vehicles, especially road and terrain vehicles, has its chassis frame supported in three points of support, while the chassis frame is supported by a tippable cart in the central point of support C in the crossing of the crosswise bar W and the tippable support bar Y, whereas the two other point-supporters are axial support points A, B located on axle O ended by the vehicle's wheels. The cart is elastically attached to the vehicle with resilient elements Z and stabilisers K. Such mounting enables the cart to move in a vertical plane what allows for reducing the amplitude of chassis shock. AU kinds of known screw-springs, leaf springs, rotary rods, rubber- pneumatic, hydro-pneumatic and other, are used as the resilient element Z. To the resilient elements Z the crosswise bar W is attached, in the central point of the bar, the central point of support C is located, transferring all powers to the cart in a single-point manner. On one end of the tippable support bar Y there is a rotary mount of axle X ended with the vehicle's wheels, while the other end of the tippable support bar Y branches off and by means of two elastic elements M binds the driving axle F with the
cart's construction. This construction provides the vehicle's axles with regardless to each other deflections to the horizontal planes. Additionally the driving cart with axle F is kept in the vehicle's axle with stabilisers K attached by means of elastic elements M.
In the suspension system, shock absorbing is done by the resilient element Z installed between the vehicle's frame and the support of the driving cart, while the central support point C binds the frame and the cart with the use of all known solutions of vehicle springing especially in the case of installing absorbers on the wheels. The suspension according to the invention ensures the fact that the cart supports the vehicle only in the central support point C what makes it tippable in at least two planes, whereas the frame or chassis of the vehicle is supported in three points A, B and C.