BACKGROUND

[0001] Current micro/mesofluidic test devices (e.g., Nucleic Acid Test) require electrical power systems to drive and regulate pressure within the test device to move the micro/meso-fluids through the test device to a test die (e.g. chip). For example, the test devices require motor driven pistons and lead screws to accurately route reagents and test samples to various chambers for preparation and testing. The tooling required to perform the test needs to have well controlled motors, drive electronics, and power management. In addition, the electrical components required to route the reagents and test sample have high power requirements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] FIG. 1 illustrates a plan view of an example apparatus.

[0003] FIG. 2 illustrates a plan view of an example test sample device.

[0004] FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of a fluid manipulating assembly.

[0005] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of another example of a test sample device.

[0006] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of the test sample device of FIG. 4 without a plunger and an actuator.

[0007] FIG. 6 is a plan view of a body of the example test sample device of FIG. 4.

[0008] FIGS. 7 and 8 are side and top view illustrations respectively of a fluid manipulating assembly.

[0009] FIGS. 9 and 10 are perspective and plan views of the example test sample device of FIG. 4 without the body.

[0010] FIG. 11 illustrates a perspective view of another example of a test sample device that includes an analyzer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Disclosed herein is a manually operated example test sample device that creates a positive air pressure to force a fluid through the test sample device without the need for electrically powered systems to generate the positive air pressure. The example test device can be used in Nucleic Acid Tests including for example, DNA and RNA tests, etc. to detect and/or identify pathogens (e.g., virus, bacteria, etc.) in a test sample. The test device uses an efficient compressible fluid system (plunger and a compressible fluid (e.g., air)) to provide a controlled and consistent pressurized driving force to route a test mixture comprised of the test sample saturated with a test solution through channels defined in the device without the need for an electrical power system to drive and regulate the pressures.

[0012] By way of example, the test device includes a plunger having a test sample collection device disposed thereon with an O-ring that is urged into a corresponding receptacle of the test device containing a fluid such as air. Urging the plunger into the receptacle (a chamber) creates positive air pressure therein, which forces the test sample through one or more channels and to a test area (e.g., test die, test chip). In some examples, another test material (a fluidic test solution) may be injected into a mixing receptacle where it is mixed with the test sample to provide a test mixture. The pressure further causes the test mixture to travel through channel(s) to the test area. The diameter and tortuous shape of the channels restricts the fluid flow-rate of the test mixture thereby providing downstream flow control of the test mixture. The stored air pressure energy facilitates human activation of the plunger to drive the test sample and resulting test mixture to the test area and thus, mitigates the need for electrical equipment to apply a specific pressure at a specific rate.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example apparatus 100 that includes a body 102 having an insertion surface 104 spaced apart from a distal end portion 106. A fluid manipulating assembly 108 is disposed in the distal end portion 106 of the body 102 and includes an interior surface 110. A mixing receptacle 112 is defined in the fluid manipulating assembly 108 and provides a volume to mix a test mixture. A plunger 114 is slidably disposed in the body 102 and extends from the insertion surface 104 and terminates adjacent the mixing receptacle 112. A test area (e.g., test die, test chip) 116 is disposed in the fluid manipulation assembly 108 and a fluid path 118 extends from the mixing receptacle 112 to the test area 116. Activation of the plunger 114 creates a positive pressure in the mixing receptacle 112 to force the test mixture to flow from the mixing receptacle 112 to the test area 116.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a plan view of an example test device 200. For example, the test device can be used in Nucleic Acid Tests including for example, DNA and RNA tests, etc., as mentioned above. The sample test device 200 includes a body 202 having an insertion surface 204 spaced apart from a distal end 206 of the body 202. A base (fluid manipulating assembly) 208 is disposed in the distal end 206 of the body 202 and includes an interior surface 210. A chamber 212 is defined in the body 202 and receives a plunger described further below. The chamber 212 includes a proximate end 214 and a distal end 216 and extends from the insertion surface 204 of the body 202 to the interior surface 212 of the base 208, thus defining a receptacle having a volume dimensioned to receive the plunger therein. The chamber 212 has a diameter D and a locking recess 218 defined circumferentially around its interior surface at a location between the proximate end 214 and the distal end 216.

[0015] Still referring to FIG. 2 and also to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a top view of the base 208. In one example, the base 208 includes a proximal (mixing) layer 220 disposed on a distal (transport) layer 222. The proximal layer 220 has spaced apart opposing surfaces 224 and 226 where side surface 226 is a contact surface. Similarly, the distal layer 222 has opposing side surfaces 228 and 230 where 228 is a support surface. The proximal layer 220 is disposed on the distal layer 222 such that the contact surface 226 of the proximal layer 220 resides on the support surface 228 of the distal layer 222. The distal layer 222 has a width W wider and a depth D deeper than a width w and a depth d of the proximal layer 220 such that a lip (shoulder) 232 is formed on side surface 228 of the distal layer 222. The base 208 is inserted into a recess 234 defined in the distal end 206 of the body 202 such that the proximal layer 220 is disposed inside the body 202 and an end face formed around a perimeter of the recess 234 is hermetically sealed to the lip 232. In another example, the proximal 220 and distal 222 layers can have a similar sized length and width and the body 202 can be hermetically sealed to the proximal layer 220. In still yet another example, the body 202 and the base 208 can be formed as an integrated (monolithic) unit. [0016] A mixing receptacle 236 is defined in the base 208 adjacent the distal end 216 of the chamber 212. The mixing receptacle 236 has a defined volume that receives a test solution that, when combined with a test sample, forms a test mixture.

[0017] A plunger 238 is slidably disposed in the chamber 212 and includes a shaft 240 having a proximate end 242 and a distal end 244. The plunger 238 has a diameter d that is less than the diameter D of the chamber 212. When fully inserted into the body 202, the distal end 244 of the plunger 238 terminates adjacent the mixing receptacle 236. A pliant sealing device (e.g., an O-ring) 246 is disposed around an intermediate location between the proximate 242 and distal 244 ends of the shaft 240. The pliant sealing device 246 has a diameter that is greater than the diameter D of the chamber 212 and facilitates the creating and maintaining of the positive air pressure in the chamber 212 and the mixing receptacle 236 explained further below. The plunger 238 further includes a locking device 248 disposed around the shaft 240 between the proximate end 242 and the distal end 244 of the shaft 240. The locking device 248 has a diameter greater than the diameter d of the shaft 240 and greater than the diameter D of the chamber 212.

When the plunger 238 is fully activated (fully inserted into the body 202), the locking device 248 engages the locking recess 218 to prevent removal of the plunger 238.

[0018] A test area (e.g., test die, test chip) 250 is disposed adjacent the side surface 230 of the distal layer 222 of the base 208. A fluid path (e.g., channel) 252 is defined in the base 208 that fluidly connects the mixing receptacle 236 and the test area 250. When the plunger 238 is activated, the pliant sealing device 246 seals air inside the chamber 212 between the pliant sealing device 246 and the mixing receptacle 236 creating positive air pressure in the chamber 212 and the mixing receptacle 236. As the plunger 238 is moved further towards the mixing receptacle 236, the positive air pressure in the chamber 212 and the mixing receptacle 214 forces the test mixture to flow from the mixing receptacle 236 through the fluid path 252 to the test area 250. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the fluid path 252 can have a tortuous shape that facilitates a controlled flow of the test solution from the fluid path 252 and to the test area 250.

[0019] FIGS. 4-11 illustrate another example of a test device 400, such as can be used in Nucleic Acid Tests including for example, DNA and RNA tests, etc., as mentioned above. Referring to FIGS. 4-6, the sample test device 400 includes a body 402 having an insertion surface 404 spaced apart from a distal end 406 of the body 402. A base (fluid manipulating assembly) 408 described further below is disposed in the distal end 406 of the body 402 and includes an interior surface 410. A plunger chamber 412 is defined in the body 402 and receives a plunger, described further below. An actuator chamber 414 is defined in the body 402 adjacent to the plunger chamber 412 and receives an actuator described further below. An intermediate barrier 416 separates the plunger chamber 412 from the actuator chamber 414.

[0020] The plunger chamber 412 includes a proximate end 418 and a distal end 420, and extends from the insertion surface 404 of the body 402 to the interior surface 410 of the base 408. The proximate end 418 of the plunger chamber 412 includes a wide portion 422 having a substantially constant diameter. The wide portion 422 tapers to a narrowed portion 424 whereby the narrowed portion 424 has a substantially constant diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the wide portion 422. The narrowed portion 424 extends to the distal end 420 of the plunger chamber 412. A locking recess 426 is defined circumferentially around an interior surface of the narrow portion 424 at an intermediate location between the proximate end 418 and the distal end 420.

[0021] The actuator chamber 414 includes a proximate end 428 and a distal end 430, and extends from the insertion surface 404 of the body 402 to the interior surface 410 of the base 408. Locking recesses 432 are defined in side surfaces of the actuator chamber 414 that lock the actuator in place when actuated. In one example, the actuator chamber 414 can have a substantially constant width or diameter. In another example, the actuator chamber 414 can vary in width or diameter based on a shape of the actuator.

[0022] FIGS. 7 and 8 are illustrations of a plan view and a top view of the base 408, respectively. In one example, the base 408 includes a proximal (mixing) layer 436 disposed on a distal (transport) layer 438. The proximal layer 436 has spaced apart opposing side surfaces 440 and 442 where side surface 442 is a contact surface.

Similarly, the distal layer 438 has spaced apart opposing side surfaces 444 and 446 where side surface 444 is a support surface. The proximal layer 436 is disposed on the distal layer 438 such that the contact surface 442 of the proximal layer 436 is disposed on the support surface 444 of the distal layer 438. [0023] The distal layer 438 has a width W wider and a depth D deeper than a width w and a depth d of the proximal layer 436 such that a lip 448 is formed on the support side surface 444 of the distal layer 438. The base 408 is inserted into a recess 450 defined in the distal end 406 of the body 402 such that the proximal layer 436 is disposed inside the body 402 and an end face formed around a perimeter of the recess 450 is hermetically sealed to the lip 448. In another example, the proximal 436 and distal 438 layers can have a similar sized length and width and the body 402 can be hermetically sealed to the proximal layer 436. In still yet another example, the body 402 and the base 408 can be an integrated (monolithic) unit.

[0024] Still referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, a mixing receptacle 452 is defined in the base 408 adjacent the distal end 420 of the plunger chamber 412. For example, a fluid reservoir 454 is defined in the side surface 440 of the proximal layer 436 adjacent to the actuator chamber 414 and receives a test solution from a frangible package 456 (e.g., a blister package - see FIG. 9) disposed on the side surface 440 of the proximal layer 436. A fluid channel 458 is defined in the base 408 that provides a fluid connection between the fluid reservoir 454 and the mixing receptacle 452. When the frangible package 456 is ruptured, the test solution pools into the fluid reservoir 454 and travels through the fluid channel 458 to the mixing receptacle 452. In the mixing receptacle, the test solution is mixed (combined) with a test sample to form a test mixture. A fluid path 460 is defined in the distal layer 438 of the base 408 and provides a fluid connection from the mixing receptacle 452 to a test die. The fluid path 460 can have a tortuous shape that facilitates a controlled flow of the test mixture from the mixing receptacle 452 to the test die.

[0025] FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a perspective view and a plan view of the test device 400, respectively, without the body 402. A plunger 462 is slidably disposed in the plunger chamber 412 and includes a shaft 464 having a proximate end 466 and distal end 468. An activator 470 is disposed at the proximate end 466 of the shaft 464. The shaft 464 of the plunger 462 has a diameter that is less than the diameter of the narrow portion 424 of the plunger chamber 412. When fully inserted into the body 402, the distal end 468 of the plunger 462 terminates adjacent the mixing receptacle 452 and a top surface 472 of the activator 470 is substantially flush with the insertion surface 410 of the body 402. [0026] A pliant sealing device (e.g., O-ring) 474 is disposed around an intermediate location between the proximate 466 and distal 468 ends of the plunger 462. The pliant sealing device 474 has a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the narrow portion 424 of the plunger chamber 412 and facilitates the creation of the positive air pressure in the plunger chamber 412 and the mixing receptacle 452 explained further below. The plunger 462 further includes a locking device 476 disposed around the shaft 464 between the proximate end 466 and the distal end 468 of the plunger 462. The locking device 476 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the shaft 466 and greater than the diameter of the narrow portion 424 of the plunger chamber 412. When the plunger 462 is fully activated (fully inserted into the body 402), the locking device 476 engages the locking recess 426 to prevent removal of the plunger 462.

[0027] Still referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, an actuator 478 is slidably disposed in the actuator chamber 414 and includes a shaft 480 having a proximate end 482 and a distal end 484. An actuation part 486 is disposed at the proximate end 482 of the shaft 480. When the actuator 478 is actuated (e.g., fully inserted into the body 402), a top surface 488 of the actuation part 486 is substantially flush with the insertion surface 410 of the body 402 and the distal end 484 of the shaft 480 contacts and thereby ruptures the frangible package 456. In response to rupturing (e.g., penetrating) the frangible package 456, a test solution is released to enable flow to the mixing receptacle 452. The actuation part 486 includes locking projections 490 that engage the locking recess 432 defined in the actuator chamber 414 to lock the actuator in the body 402 when the actuator 478 is actuated.

[0028] A test area (e.g., test die, test chip) 492 is disposed adjacent the side surface 446 of the distal layer 438 of the base 408. When the plunger 462 is activated, the pliant sealing device 474 seals air inside the plunger chamber 412 between the pliant sealing device 474 and the mixing receptacle 452 creating positive air pressure in the plunger chamber 412 and the mixing receptacle 452. As the plunger 462 is moved further towards the mixing receptacle 452, the positive air pressure in the plunger chamber 412 and the mixing receptacle 452 forces the test mixture (a combination of the test sample and test solution) to flow from the mixing receptacle 452 through the fluid path 460 to the test area 490. As mentioned above, the fluid path 460 can have a tortuous shape that facilitates a controlled flow of the test mixture that flows from the fluid path 460 to the test area 492.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 11, after the test mixture reaches the test area 492, the test device 400 can be connected to an analyzer via an interface 494. The analyzer can read the test area 490 to determine is any substances such as pathogens (e.g., virus, bacteria, etc.) are present.

[0030] Described above are examples of the subject disclosure. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the subject disclosure, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the subject disclosure are possible. Accordingly, the subject disclosure is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In addition, where the disclosure or claims recite "a," "an," "a first," or "another" element, or the equivalent thereof, it should be interpreted to include one or more than one such element, neither requiring nor excluding two or more such elements. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Finally, the term "based on" is interpreted to mean at least based in part.