TEST TO ASSIST IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND SCREENING OF CANCER

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority of US provisional patent application

62/255,686 filed on November 16, 2015, the specification of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

(a) Field

[0002] The subject matter disclosed generally relates to composition for the diagnosis of cancer, and more specifically composition for the diagnosis of cancer and diagnostic strips comprising the same.

(b) Related Prior Art

[0003] Classical cancer models to date which have attempted to explain the character of cancer cells have typically described them as fast-growing and highly mutant cells. These cancer cells are hypothesized to have been produced during carcinogenesis because of a multi-step process involving mutation-selection events at the cellular level.

[0004] Cancer is responsible for about one third of all mortalities in the United

States, while metastatic disease is responsible for more than 90% of all cancer-related deaths. Cellular abnormalities have been organized into six basic competency traits that must be acquired for a malignancy to thrive: self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to anti-proliferative signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. These competencies are thought to be the product of alterations attained by the tumor early in the clinical timeline. Coupled with the increasing heterogeneity of the tumor cell population over time, multiple phenotypes may arise with varying levels and tendencies of metastatic competency.

[0005] Diagnosis of cancer may be performed with many different techniques and technologies, some of which are non-invasive (radioagraphy, MRI, etc.) and may be performed without any associated surgery or minor biopsy, while other are more invasive and comprise their lot of pain and complications associated with the procedures involved. Thus, there is a need for quick and simple compositions for the diagnosis of cancer. Also, there is a need for quick and simple methods for the diagnosis of cancer.

SUMMARY

[0006] According to an embodiment, there is provided a screening composition base comprising:

• a marker compound, chosen from at least one of iodine, fluorescein and

fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FITC), calcein, and eosin Y;

• from about 0.035% w/v to about 0.055% w/v of calcium carbonate (CaC0 ₃ );

• from about about 0.045% w/v to about 0.055% w/v potassium carbonate

(KC0 ₃ );

• from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.035% of Boron trioxide (B ₂ 0 ₃ );

• from about 30% w/v to about 35% w/v titanium dioxide (Ti0 ₂ );

at least one of

from about 0.045% w/v to about 0.35% w/v sulfur, and

from about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v of aluminum oxide (AI0 ₃ );

• at least two of

from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr); - from about 0.017% w/v to about 0.023% w/v of Scandium (III) oxide

(Sc ₂ 0 ₃ );

from about 0.025% w/v to about 0.045% w/v of Magnesium oxide (MgO); and

from about 0.0035% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v of tin powder; and

• a quantity sufficient of a suitable solvent to make up 100% of the composition.

[0007] The marker compound may be a mixture of iodine and fluorescein.

[0008] The screening composition base may further comprise a catalyst chosen from Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), and a combination thereof.

[0009] The screening composition base may further comprise a pigment chosen from about 0.017% w/v to about 0.023% w/v Scandium (III) oxide (Sc ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 2.15% w/v to about 2.85% w/v Erbium (III) oxide (Er ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.00215% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Chromium (III) oxide (Cr ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), Zinc oxide (ZnO), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.115% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ), about 0.03% w/v to about 0.085% w/v Selenium Powder (Se), and a combination thereof.

[0010] The screening composition base may further comprise an adsorbent chosen from a silica gel (Si0 ₂ ), Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), or a cellulose and a combination thereof.

[0011] The screening composition base may further comprise an additional ingredient chosen from about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ), from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr) and a combination thereof.

[0012] The adsorbent may be Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a pre-stage 0 cancer.

[0013] The pigment may be about 0.00215% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v

Chromium (III) oxide (Cr ₂ 0 ₃ ), and the catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a bladder cancer activity.

[0014] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) and Zinc oxide (ZnO), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a bone cancer activity.

[0015] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) and about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and the catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a brain cancer activity.

[0016] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a breast cancer tumour activity.

[0017] The screening pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v

Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) and about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.115% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a cervical cancer activity.

[0018] The screening composition base of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a colon cancer activity.

[0019] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.1 15% w/v Tungsten

(VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ) and the catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a gall bladder cancer activity.

[0020] The pigment may be about 0.03% w/v to about 0.085% w/v Selenium powder, and the catalyst may be Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a kidney cancer activity.

[0021] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) and about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and the catalyst may be Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a leukemia activity.

[0022] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), and the catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a liver cancer activity.

[0023] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), and the catalyst may be Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a lung cancer activity. [0024] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ) and Zinc oxide (ZnO), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a lymphoma activity.

[0025] The pigment may be about 0.03% w/v to about 0.085% w/v Selenium powder (Se), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of an ovarian cancer activity.

[0026] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ) and about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.1 15% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a pancreatic cancer activity.

[0027] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ) and Zinc oxide (ZnO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a prostate cancer activity.

[0028] The pigment may be about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a skin cancer activity.

[0029] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and the catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ) and Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ) for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a stomach cancer activity.

[0030] The catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), and Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a uterine cancer activity.

[0031] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v ferric oxide

(Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), and the additional ingredient may be about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of a calcium activity.

[0032] The pigment may be about 0.00215% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v

Chromium (III) oxide (Cr ₂ 0 ₃ ), and the catalyst may be about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of estrogen activity.

[0033] The catalyst may be Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), and the additional ingredient may be from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr) for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of potassium activity.

[0034] The adsorbent may be Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), and the additional ingredient may be from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr) for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of iron activity.

[0035] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v ferric oxide

(Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), and about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of sulfur activity.

[0036] The pigment may be about 0.03% w/v to about 0.085% w/v Selenium powder, and the additional ingredient may be from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr) for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of nickel activity.

[0037] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v Ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ) and about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of Stage 3 interleukin activity.

[0038] The pigment may be about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v Ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ) and about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and the pigment may be sulfur powder for preparation of a screening composition for the screening of Stage 4 cancer interleukin activity.

[0039] According to another embodiment, there may be provided a screening composition comprising • a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.115% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening cancer yeast activity.

[0040] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.115% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (WO ₃ ), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), Zirconium (IV) oxide (Zr0 ₂ ) and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ), for screening bladder cancer activity.

[0041] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of claim 9, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.005% w/v to about 0.0065% w/v Bismuth bromide (BiBr ₃ ), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v

Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), Aluminum bromide (AIBr ₃ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening bone cancer activity.

[0042] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.005% w/v to about 0.0065% w/v Bismuth bromide (BiBr ₃ ), Aluminum bromide (AIBr ₃ ), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.1 15% w/v Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening brain cancer activity.

[0043] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0055% w/v Silver (I) oxide (Ag ₂ 0), Zirconium (VI) oxide, 0.0035% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v of Tin powder (Sn), about 0.0065% w/v to about 0.00225% w/v Tantalum (V) oxide (Ta ₂ 0 ₅ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide for screening breast cancer tumour activity.

[0044] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising 0.0035% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of Tin powder (Sn), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ) and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening cervical cancer activity.

[0045] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.005% w/v to about 0.0065% w/v Bismuth bromide (BiBr ₃ ), about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.08% w/v Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0), about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0055% w/v Silver (I) oxide (Ag ₂ 0) and about 0.0075% w/v to about 0.0105% w/v Molybdenum (VI) oxide (M0O ₃ ),

for screening colon cancer activity. [0046] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), Cadmium oxide (CdO), and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening gall bladder cancer activity.

[0047] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ), and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening kidney cancer activity.

[0048] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), Manganese (II) oxide (MnO), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening leukemia activity.

[0049] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), Barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening liver cancer activity.

[0050] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), Cadmium oxide (CdO) and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening lung cancer activity.

[0051] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening lymphoma activity.

[0052] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v Ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening ovarian cancer activity.

[0053] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising • a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ), Bismuth Oxide (Bi ₂ 0 ₃ ), and about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ) and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening pancreatic cancer activity.

[0054] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), about 0.0065% w/v to about 0.00225% w/v Tantalum (V) oxide (Ta ₂ 0 ₅ ), and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening prostate cancer activity.

[0055] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), Barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v Ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), and about 0.1 1 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening skin cancer activity.

[0056] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0055% w/v Silver (I) oxide (Ag ₂ 0), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.475% w/v Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ), and about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ),

for screening stomach cancer activity.

[0057] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.065% w/v Ferric oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ), Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), and about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ),

for screening calcium activity.

[0058] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ), about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ), about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ) and Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ),

for screening potassium activity.

[0059] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ), about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ), Potassium Chloride (KCI), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO),

for screening iron activity. [0060] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), about 0.004% w/v to about 0.0285% w/v Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0125% w/v calcium carbonate (CaC0 ₃ ) and 0.0035% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of Tin powder (Sn), for screening sulfur activity.

[0061] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ), about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO), Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), about 0.0075% w/v to about 0.0105% w/v Molybdenum (VI) oxide (Mo0 ₃ ),

for screening nickel activity.

[0062] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with

• an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ), about 0.0045% w/v to about 0.029% w/v Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ), 0.0035% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v of Tin powder (Sn),

for screening Stage 3 active cancer activity.

[0063] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening composition comprising

• a screening composition base of the present invention, in combination with • an activator composition comprising about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v Nickel (II) oxide (NiO), from about 0.008% w/v to about 0.0265% w/v Potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH ₂ P0 ₄ ), about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.035% w/v boron trioxide (Br ₂ 0 ₃ ), Cadmuim oxide (CdO), and about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0255% w/v copper (II) oxide (CuO),

for screening Stage 4 active cancer activity.

[0064] According to another embodiment, there is provided a screening strip comprising:

• an solid phase layer, comprising an adsorbent; and

• a screening composition according to the present invention.

[0065] According to another embodiment, there is provided a method of screening comprising the steps of:

a) contacting a screening composition according to the present invention or a screening strip according to the present invention, with a body fluid of a subject; b) measuring and comparing a fluorescence level from the screening composition or the screening strip contacted with the bodily fluid of the subject to a positive and/or negative control fluid samples;

wherein a fluorescence level comparable to the negative control is indicative of an absence of cancer;

wherein a fluorescence level intermediate to the negative control and the positive control is indicative of an intermediate level of cancer; and

wherein absence of fluorescence is indicative of a cancer presence.

[0066] The method may further comprise the step a") prior to performing the method:

a") obtaining a bodily fluid from the subject.

[0067] The method of may further comprise contacting the screening composition or the screening strip contacted with the bodily fluid of the subject with an activator composition prior to step b.

[0068] The body fluid may be chosen from saliva, mucus, urine, blood, lymph, or combinations thereof. [0069] The subject may be a human.

[0070] According to another embodiment, there is provided a use of a screening composition according to the present invention or a screening strip according to the present invention for cancer screening.

[0071] The following terms are defined below.

[0072] The term "pre-stage 1" is intended to mean a primary, transformed cell activity that can potentially lead to cancer cell division, which the inventor believes starts at stage 0. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that pre-stage 1 is a potential indication that the physical body is positioning itself to bring in cancer, if left untreated. Further, the inventors believe that this pre-stage may be detected through the presence of an estrogen-related biomarker in the body fluid, specifically in the urine;

[0073] The term "pre-stage 2" is intended to mean another primarytransformed cell activity that can potentially lead to cancer cell division. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that pre-stage 2 is a potential indication that the pituitary gland has been compromised, triggering a potassium imbalance, and potentially setting up the chemical environment for cancer cell division, if left untreated. Further, the inventors believe that pre-stage 2 may be detected through the presence of a potassium-related biomarker in the body fluid, specifically in the urine;

[0074] The term "pre-stage 3" is intended to mean another primary, transformed cell activity that can potentially lead to cancer cell division. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that pre-stage 3 is a potential indication that the parathyroid gland is compromised, potentially creating a calcium imbalance in the body that can lead to the contribution and development of cancer/tumors. Further, the inventors believe that pre-stage 3 may be detected through the presence of a calcium- related biomarker in the body fluid, specifically in the urine;

[0075] The term "pre-stage 4" is intended to mean yet another primary, transformed cell activity that can potentially lead to cancer cell division. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that pre-stage 4 is a potential indication that the bone marrow has been significantly compromised, further indicating a potential iron displacement in the body where iron plays a role in triggering cancer cell division, as well as feeding cancer growth/tumors. Further, the inventors believe that pre-stage 4 may be detected through the presence of an iron-related biomarker in the body fluid, specifically in the urine;

[0076] The term "stage 0" is intended to mean that the cancer is in place. It is an indication of a secondary cancer, not the primary cancer or otherwise described as the primary source cancer. Stage 0 secondary cancer indicates that the cancer, being secondary, is located in a location of the physical body that has not spread from the secondary location to another location. Further, the inventors believe that at stage 0, cancer cell division has taken place;

[0077] The term "Stage 1" is intended to mean early stage cancer. It is a small cancer or tumor that has not grown deeply into nearby tissues, nor has the secondary cancer spread to the lymph nodes or other parts of the body;

[0078] The term "Stage 2" is intended to mean a secondary cancer that has gone deep into the tissue but has not spread to the lymph nodes;

[0079] The term "Stage 3" is intended to mean that the secondary cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, but not to other organs;

[0080] The term "Stage 4" is intended to mean that the secondary cancer has spread to other organs.

[0081] Features and advantages of the subject matter hereof will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description of selected embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying figures. As will be realized, the subject matter disclosed and claimed is capable of modifications in various respects, all without departing from the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the drawings and the description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive and the full scope of the subject matter is set forth in the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Further features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in combination with the appended drawings, in which: [0083] Fig. 1 illustrates a strip test according to the present invention that has been contacted with a urine sample that does not contain a cancer marker. The test strip glows a bright yellow color.

[0084] Fig. 2 illustrates a strip test according to the present invention that has been contacted with a urine sample that contains a cancer marker. The test strip turns a dark color, and does not possess the bright yellow color of the negative test.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The present invention concerns a strip test technology to determine the presence of pre-cancer and or cancer in the human body, or that there is no cancer in the human body.

[0086] In embodiments there is disclosed a test for the diagnostic of cancer.

According to a first embodiment, there is disclosed a screening composition base which comprises:

• a marker compound, chosen from at least one of iodine, fluorescein and

fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FITC), calcein, and eosin Y;

• from about 0.035% w/v to about 0.055% w/v of calcium carbonate (CaC0 ₃ );

• from about about 0.045% w/v to about 0.055% w/v potassium carbonate

(KC0 ₃ );

• from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.035% of Boron trioxide (B ₂ 0 ₃ );

• from about 30% w/v to about 35% w/v titanium dioxide (Ti0 ₂ );

at least one of

from about 0.045% w/v to about 0.35% w/v sulfur, and

from about 0.11 % w/v to about 0.145% w/v of aluminum oxide (AI0 ₃ );

• at least two of

from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v of cesium bromide (CsBr); - from about 0.017% w/v to about 0.023% w/v of Scandium (III) oxide

(Sc ₂ 0 ₃ );

from about 0.025% w/v to about 0.045% w/v of Magnesium oxide (MgO); and

from about 0.0035% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v of tin powder; and • a quantity sufficient of a suitable solvent to make up 100% of the composition.

•

[0087] According to a second embodiment, the screening composition bases of the present invention are to be combined with an activation composition, in order to provide screening compositions. The screening compositions may be used as is, or combined with various supports for their use.

[0088] According to embodiments, the screening compositions for diagnosis of cancer may be tied to specific individual hormones or elements. For every specific type of cancer, there is a specific chemical formulation. The individual elements or hormones, e.g. sulfur, are specific molecules that may be present at various development stages of cancer disease.

[0089] According to a second embodiment, is disclosed a screening strip comprising:

an solid phase layer, comprising an adsorbent; and

a screening composition according to the present invention.

[0090] According to an embodiment, diagnostic composition of the present invention may be a test composition activated by contact with a body fluid of a subject, such as saliva, mucus, urine, blood, lymph, etc., of a subject, to detect the presence of a cancer in the subject. Subject according to the present invention include animals (mammals such as dogs, cats, bovine, ovine, etc.) and humans. The purpose of the diagnostic composition of the present invention is to confirm the presence of any pre- stage and/or active cancer anywhere in the body of the subject. According to an embodiment, the diagnostic composition of the present invention indicates the presence of the pre-stage and/or active cancer from the body fluid of the subject, the base composition of the diagnostic test of the present invention may be used in conjunction with an additional composition(s) to determine the specific type of cancer in the subject's body. According to the present invention, cancer types that may be diagnosed include but are not limited to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all), acute myeloid leukemia (ami), adrenocortical carcinoma, kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, anal cancer, appendix cancer, astrocytomas, teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, basal cell carcinoma, bile duct cancer, bladder cancer, bone cancer, ewing sarcoma family of tumors, osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, brain stem glioma brain tumor, astrocytomas, brain and spinal cord tumors, brain stem glioma, central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, central nervous system embryonal tumors, central nervous system germ cell tumors, craniopharyngioma, ependymoma, breast cancer, bronchial tumors, burkitt lymphoma, carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal, carcinoma of unknown primary cardiac (heart) tumors, central nervous system, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, embryonal tumors, germ cell tumor, lymphoma, primary, cervical cancer, chordoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (ell), chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml), chronic myeloproliferative disorders, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, craniopharyngioma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma, duct carcinoma, bile carcinoma, extrahepatic carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis), embryonal tumors, central nervous system, endometrial cancer, ependymoma, esophageal cancer, esthesioneuroblastoma, ewing sarcoma, extracranial germ cell tumor, extragonadal germ cell tumor, extrahepatic bile duct cancer, intraocular melanoma, retinoblastoma, fibrous histiocytoma of bone (malignant, and osteosarcoma, gallbladder cancer, gastric (stomach) cancer, gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist), central nervous system cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer, gestational trophoblastic disease, glioma, head and neck cancer, heart cancer, hepatocellular (liver) cancer, hodgkin lymphoma, hypopharyngeal cancer, intraocular melanoma, islet cell tumors, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, kaposi sarcoma, renal cell, wilms tumor and other childhood kidney tumors, langerhans cell histiocytosis, laryngeal cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all), acute myeloid leukemia (ami), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (ell), chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml), hairy cell leukemia, lip and oral cavity cancer, liver cancer, lobular carcinoma in situ (lcis), lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, aids-related lymphoma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma, hodgkin lymphoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma, primary central nervous system (ens) lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, male breast cancer, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and osteosarcoma, merkel cell carcinoma, mesothelioma, malignant, metastatic squamous neck cancer with occult primary, midline tract carcinoma involving nut gene, mouth cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, multiple myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm, mycosis fungoides, myelodysplastic syndromes, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, multiple myeloma, chronic myeloproliferative disorders, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, neuroblastoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, oral cavity cancer, lip and oropharyngeal cancer, osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone, childhood ovarian cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, germ cell tumor ovarian cancer, low malignant potential tumor ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, childhood, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors), papillomatosis, paraganglioma, paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer, parathyroid cancer, penile cancer, pharyngeal cancer, pheochromocytoma, pituitary tumor, plasma cell neoplasm/multiple myeloma, pleuropulmonary blastoma, pregnancy and breast cancer, primary central nervous system (ens) lymphoma, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, renal cell (kidney) cancer, retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, salivary gland cancer, osteosarcoma (bone cancer), rhabdomyosarcoma sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, uterine, skin cancer, melanoma skin cancer, merkel cell carcinoma skin cancer, non- melanoma skin cancer, small cell lung cancer, small intestine cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, squamous neck cancer, stomach (gastric) cancer, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, testicular cancer, throat cancer, thymoma and thymic carcinoma, thyroid cancer, unusual cancers of childhood, ureter and renal pelvis transitional cell cancer, urethral cancer, endometrial uterine cancer, uterine sarcoma, vaginal cancer, and vulvar cancer.

[0091] According to an embodiment, each of the diagnostic compositions of the present invention for the specific cancer may have one or more different formulations.

[0092] The diagnostic compositions of the present invention comprise a number of components which are detailed below.

Marker compound

[0093] Marker compounds, also known as tracer compounds, are chemical compounds which can be used to detect a target, and/or follow the product or course of a reaction. According to an embodiment, the marker compounds used in the present invention are to identify cancer in general, and in some cases, some specific cancers. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the markers interact with a cancer associated molecule, and cause a chemical reaction that is detected with the marker. [0094] According to an embodiment, a suitable marker in the composition of the present invention includes iodine. The iodine may be free iodine ions (I-), or any other salts of iodine such as Nal, Kl, etc. According to an embodiment, the iodine may be provided from a solution such as Gram's iodine solution, which comprises Iodine, 0.33% (w/v), and potassium iodide, 0.66% (w/v) in distilled water.

[0095] According to another embodiment, a suitable marker in the composition of the present invention includes fluorescein. Fluorescein is a synthetic organic compound available as a dark orange/red powder slightly soluble in water and alcohol. It is widely used as a fluorescent tracer for many applications. Fluorescein has an absorption maximum at 494 nm and emission maximum of 521 nm (in water). The major derivatives are fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and, in oligonucleotide synthesis, 6-FAM phosphoramidite. Fluorescein also has an isosbestic point (equal absorption for all pH values) at 460 nm. Fluorescein is also known as a color additive (D&C Yellow no. 7). The disodium salt form of fluorescein is known as uranine or D&C Yellow no. 8. The color of its aqueous solution varies from green to orange as a function of the way it is observed: by reflection or by transmission, as it can be noticed in bubble levels in which fluorescein is added as a colorant to the alcohol filling the tube to increase the visibility of the air bubble and the precision of the instrument. More concentrated solutions of fluorescein can even appear red. Preferably, the fluorescein is a fluorescein sodium salt.

[0096] According to another embodiment, a suitable marker in the composition of the present invention includes Fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate. Fluorescein 5(6)- isothiocyanate (FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications including flow cytometry. FITC is the original fluorescein molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate reactive group (-N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure. This derivative is reactive towards nucleophiles including amine and sulfhydryl groups on proteins. FITC has excitation and emission spectrum peak wavelengths of approximately 495 nm/519 nm. Like most fluorochromes, it is prone to photobleaching. Because of the problem with photobleaching, derivatives of fluorescein such as Alexa 488 and DyLight 488 have been tailored for various chemical and biological applications where greater photostability, higher fluorescence intensity, or different attachment groups are needed. [0097] According to another embodiment, a suitable marker in the composition of the present invention includes calcein, sodium salt having the chemical formula C3oH ₂ 5N ₂ NaOi ₃ . Calcein, also known as fluorexon, fluorescein complex, is a fluorescent dye with excitation and emission wavelengths of 495/515 nm, respectively. Calcein also self-quenches even at concentrations below 100mM. It is used as a complexometric indicator for titration of calcium ions with EDTA, and for fluorometric determination of calcium. It has the appearance of orange crystals. It is an indicator for the determination of calcium in biological systems.

[0098] According to another embodiment, a suitable marker in the composition of the present invention includes Eosin Y disodium salt, having the chemical formula C2oH ₆ Br ₄ Na ₂ 0 ₅ . Eosin Y is a form of eosin. It is a red fluorescent dye from the xanthene family. It is most commonly used as a stain for highlighting cytoplasm material in samples.

Catalysts

[0099] Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction of one or more reactants due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalyst. Unlike other reagents in the chemical reaction, a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction. With a catalyst, less free energy is required to reach the transition state, but the total free energy from reactants to products does not change. A catalyst may participate in multiple chemical transformations. The effect of a catalyst may vary due to the presence of other substances known as inhibitors or poisons (which reduce the catalytic activity) or promoters (which increase the activity).

[00100] Catalyzed reactions have a lower activation energy (rate-limiting free energy of activation) than the corresponding uncatalyzed reaction, resulting in a higher reaction rate at the same temperature. However, the mechanistic explanation of catalysis is complex. Catalysts may affect the reaction environment favorably, or bind to the reagents to polarize bonds, e.g. acid catalysts for reactions of carbonyl compounds, or form specific intermediates that are not produced naturally, such as osmate esters in osmium tetroxide-catalyzed dihydroxylation of alkenes, or cause dissociation of reagents to reactive forms, such as chemisorbed hydrogen in catalytic hydrogenation. [00101] According to an embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises a number of chemical compounds which act as catalysts during the diagnostic process. According to an embodiment, suitable catalyst compounds include but are not limited to boron trioxide (B ₂ 0 ₃ ) and magnesium oxide.

[00102] Boron trioxide (B ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Also known as boric anhydride, uses for this reagent include: fluxing agent for glass and enamels; starting material for synthesizing other boron compounds; additive in glass fibres (optical fibres); production of heat and/or chemical resistant borosilicate glass; as the inert capping layer in the production of gallium arsenide. In the present invention, it is believed that it may act as a catalyst. Also, Boron trioxide plays a role by allowing the other chemicals of the composition to come together. In addition, it is believed that it causes the chemicals to react, allowing the reaction to be observed under UV lighting. According to an embodiment, Boron trioxide may be present at about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.035% w/v.

[00103] Cesium bromide (CsBr) - Cesium is used in industry as a catalyst promoter, for boosting the performance of other metal oxides in the capacity and for the hydrogenation of organic compounds. Cesium salts are used to strengthen various types of glass. Cesium halides such as bromide (as well as chloride and iodide) crystallize in a simple cubic crystal system, also referred to as the "cesium chloride structure," which is a structure that is preferred to those of most other alkaline halides, which adopt the sodium chloride structure. The cesium chloride structure is composed of a primitive cubic lattice with a two-atom basis, each with an eightfold coordination; the chloride atoms lie upon the lattice points at the edges of the cube, while the cesium atoms lie in the holes in the center of the cubes. Other cesium compounds are used in optical glasses, optical instruments and increasing sensitivity of electron tubes. According to an embodiment, cesium bromide may be present from about 0.0085% w/v to about 0.0115% w/v.

[00104] Magnesium oxide (MgO) - Chemically, magnesium oxide is a catalyst and starting point for the production of other magnesium salts. In addition, it is an acid acceptor finding applications in plastics manufacture and rubber compounding, and in acid neutralization in uranium, gallium, boron, lubricating oils and in reducing corrosion in boilers for example. In construction, it is a raw material in making cements used in flooring, wallboard, fibre board, tile and in steel coating. It is used in the manufacture of glass and fiberglass. It is a relatively poor desiccant, but because it neutralizes sulfur dioxide acids created by oxidation of Kraft- processed papers, it is used in libraries for book preservation. In the present invention, it is believed that it may act as a catalyst. According to an embodiment, magnesium oxide may be present at about 0.025% w/v to about 0.045% w/v, or from about 0.4%.

[00105] Gallium (III) oxide (Ga ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Gallium (III) oxide is an important functional material. It is used in vacuum deposition and as part of the manufacturing of semiconductor devices. It has been studied in the use of lasers, phosphors and luminescent materials, has been shown to demonstrate catalytic properties and has also been used as an insulating barrier in tight junctions. Stable monoclinic β-Θ3 ₂ 0 ₃ has current applications in gas sensors and luminescent phosphors and can be applied to dielectric coatings for solar cells. This oxide has also shown potential for deep- ultraviolet transparent conductive oxides. It is needed in the preparation of Ga ₂ 0 ₃ -AI ₂ 0 ₃ catalyst. In the present invention, it is believed that it may act as a catalyst. According to an embodiment, gallium (III) oxide may be present at about 0.0025% w/v to about 0.17% w/v.

[00106] Nickel (II) oxide (NiO) - Nickel oxide is used in the production of alloys. It is used in the ceramic industry to make frits, ferrites, and porcelain glazes. This particular nickel oxide was also a component in the nickel-ion battery, also known as the Edison Battery, and is a component in fuel cells. It is a precursor to many nickel salts for use as specialty chemicals and catalysts. It has been studied as a counter electrode with tungsten oxide in complementary electrochromic devices. NiO is a versatile hydrogenation catalyst. Long-term inhalation of NiO is damaging to the lungs, causing lesions and in some cases, cancer. In the present invention, it is believed that it may act as a catalyst. According to an embodiment, nickel (II) oxide may be present at about 0.0004% w/v to about 0.055% w/v.

[00107] Vanadium (V) oxide (V ₂ 0 ₅ ) - Also known as vanadia and commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its color is deep orange. Vanadia, or vanadium (V) oxide, is predominantly used in the production of ferrovanadium, which primarily goes into the production of steel alloys. Another important use of vanadium (V) oxide is as a catalyst, most notably in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, polyester and alkyd resins, and phthalic anhydride, a precursor to plasticizers, used for conferring pliability to polymers. Due to its high coefficient of thermal resistance, vanadium (V) oxide finds use as a detector material in bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging and as an ethanol sensor. Vanadium redox batteries are a type of flow battery used for energy storage, such as large power facility wind farms. Vanadium (V) oxide exhibits modest toxicity to humans, with a greater hazard when it is inhaled in the form of dust. According to an embodiment, vanadium (V) oxide may be present at about 0.03% w/v to about 0.04% w/v.

[00108] Aluminum bromide (AIBr ₃ ) - Aluminum bromide is a white to pale yellow crystal. The anhydrous form is used as a catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. According to an embodiment, aluminum bromide may be present at about 0.004% w/v to about 0.01 15% w/v.

[00109] Bismuth Bromide (BiBr ₃ ) - A light yellow to yellow-green powder, bismuth bromide is used as a catalyst in the cyanation and allylation of carbonyl compounds with organosilicon reagents. It is formed by the reaction of bismuth oxide and hydrobromic acid or by direct oxidation of bismuth in bromine. According to an embodiment, bismuth bromide may be present at about 0.014% w/v to about 0.0085% w/v.

[00110] Bismuth Oxide (Bi ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Bismuth Oxide (5-Bi ₂ 0 ₃ ) has been investigated for solid-oxide fuel cells due to it being principally an ionic conductor. Bismuth oxide is occasionally used in dental materials to make them more opaque to X-rays than the surrounding tooth structure. In particular, it has been used in hydraulic silicate cements for use in various dental procedures. However, it has been claimed that it can caused discolouration over time with exposure to light or reaction with other materials in the tooth treatment, such as sodium hypochlorite. According to an embodiment, bismuth bromide may be present at about 0.005% w/v to about 0.0065% w/v.

[00111] Manganese (II) oxide (MnO) Manganese oxide is a component of fertilizers and food additives. It is also used as a catalyst in the manufacture of allyl alcohol, ceramics, paints, coloured glass, bleaching tallow and textile printing. According to an embodiment, the Manganese (II) oxide may be present at about 0.00045% w/v - 0.035% w/v.

[00112] Molybdenum (VI) oxide (Mo0 ₃ ) - Molybdenum (VI) oxide or molybdenum trioxide is used in the manufacture of molybdenum metal. The metal is an additive to steel and corrosion-resistant alloys. Molybdenum trioxide is also a co-catalyst used in the production of acrylonitrile. It is of interest in electrochemical devices and displays. When it comes in contact with water, it forms hydrogen ions that can kill bacteria effectively, making it a potential anti-microbial agent. According to an embodiment, the Molybdenum (VI) oxide may be present at about 0.0075% w/v - 0.0105% w/v.

Pigments

[00113] A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light. Many materials selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light. Materials that humans have chosen and developed for use as pigments usually have special properties that make them ideal for coloring other materials. A pigment must have a high tinting strength relative to the materials it colors.

[00114] According to an embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises a number of chemical compounds which act as pigments, which include scandium (III) oxide (Sc ₂ 0 ₃ ), and erbium (III) oxide (Er ₂ 0 ₃ ).

[00115] Scandium (III) oxide (Sc ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Also known as scandia, it is a high melting rare earth oxide. It is used in the preparation of other scandium compounds as well as in high-temperature systems (for its resistance to heat and thermal shock), electronic ceramics, and glass composition (as a helper material). According to an embodiment, the Scandium (III) oxide may be present at about 0.0085% w/v - 0.023% w/v.

[00116] Erbium (III) oxide (Er ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Erbium (III) oxide, is synthesized from the transition metal erbium. It has a pink color with a cubic crystal structure. Under certain conditions erbium oxide can also have a hexagonal form. Erbium oxide is toxic when inhaled, taken orally, or injected into the blood stream in massive amounts. The effect of erbium oxides in low concentrations on humans over long periods of time has not been determined. However, this compound should be handled with care. In the composition of the present invention, Erbium (III) oxide allows the overall chemical reaction to be observed for a longer time period. According to an embodiment, the Erbium (III) oxide may be present at about 2.15% w/v - 2.85% w/v.

[00117] Ferric oxide or Iron (III) oxide (Fe ₂ 0 ₃ ) - This oxide of iron is the main source of iron for the steel industry. As a very fine powder, it is known as "jeweller's rouge," used to put the final polish on metallic jewellery and lenses, or as a stropping compound to assist in getting a razor edge on knives, straight razors or any other edged tool. Ferric oxide is also used as pigments, some of them FDA-approved for used in cosmetics. a-Fe ₂ 0 ₃ has been studied as a photoanode for the water-splitting reaction. Iron (III) oxide (about 0.5%) is mixed with zinc oxide to create calamine, the active ingredient in calamine lotion. According to an embodiment, the Ferric oxide may be present at about 0.0045% w/v - 0.065% w/v.

[00118] Chromium (III) oxide (Cr ₂ 0 ₃ ) - Because of its green color and considerable stability, chromium (III) oxide has been commonly used as a pigment. It is used in paints, inks and glasses. It is also one of the materials used when polishing the edges of knives, razors, etc. on a piece of leather, balsa, cloth or other material. According to an embodiment, the Chromium (III) oxide may be present at about 0.00215% w/v - 0.0285% w/v.

[00119] Copper (I) oxide (Cu ₂ 0) - also known as cuprous oxide, this compound is used as a pigment, fungicide and antifouling agent for marine paints. Copper (I) oxide is responsible for the pink color in a positive Benedict's test for the presence of reducing sugar(s). According to an embodiment, the Copper (I) oxide may be present at about 0.0085% w/v - 0.08% w/v.

[00120] Copper (II) oxide (CuO) - Copper (II) oxide or cupric oxide (CuO) is a black solid that is a product of copper mining and the starting point for the production of other copper salts as well as many wood preservatives. Copper (II) oxide is a p-type semiconductor and can be used to produce dry cell batteries. It could also be used in wet cell batteries as the cathode, with a lithium anode and dioxalane/lithium perchlorate as the electrolyte. Cupric oxide finds use as a pigment in ceramics to produce blue, red, green and sometimes gray, pink or black glazes. It is a dietary supplement in animals. It is used in welding with copper alloys and it can be used to safely dispose of hazardous materials such as cyanide, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and dioxins through oxidation. According to an embodiment, the Copper (II) oxide may be present at about 0.0095% w/v - 0.0255% w/v.

[00121] Lead (IV) oxide (Pb0 ₂ ) - Also known as lead dioxide, it is used in the production of matches, pyrotechnics, dyes and the curing of sulfide polymers. It is also used in the construction of high-voltage lightning arresters. The most important use of lead dioxide is as the cathode of lead acid batteries. It was once used as anode material in electrochemistry. According to an embodiment, the Lead (IV) oxide may be present at about 0.0045% w/v - 0.475% w/v.

[00122] Selenium Powder (Se) - The largest commercial use of selenium is for the production of glass. Selenium compounds confer a red color to glass, cancelling out the green and yellow tints that iron from iron impurities typical of most glass. Selenium is found impurely in metal sulfide ores, copper where it partially replaces the sulfur. Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of these ores, most often during production. Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are known, but are rare. The chief commercial uses for selenium today are in glassmaking and in pigments. According to an embodiment, the selenium powder may be present at about 0.03% w/v - 0.085% w/v.

[00123] Sulfur Powder (S) - Elemental sulfur is mainly used as a precursor to other chemicals, and mostly for the manufacture of sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid is principally used in the extraction of phosphate ores for fertilizer manufacturing, but is also used in oil refining, wastewater processing and mineral extraction. Sulfur is used to vulcanize rubber and is a component in gunpowder. Other sulfur compounds are used in the manufacture of cellophane and rayon, in bleaching paper and in preservation of wine and certain foods, such as dried fruit. Many surfactants and detergents are sulfate derivatives. Calcium sulfate is used in Portland cement, the most common type of cement in general use around the world. Organosulfur compounds are used in pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs and agrochemicals. Elemental sulfur is one of the oldest fungicides and pesticides. According to an embodiment, the sulfur powder may be present at about 0.045% w/v to about 0.35% w/v. [00124] Tungsten (VI) oxide (W0 ₃ ) - Tungsten (VI) oxide, or tungsten trioxide, is frequently used to manufacture tungstates for x-ray screen phosphors, for fireproofing fabrics and in gas sensors. It is also used as a pigment in ceramics and paints. It has been used in the production of electrochromic (smart) windows which allow the user to adjust the tint of the windows with the application of voltage, light or heat. As an ingredient in photocatalytic tungsten (VI) oxide/noble metal composites, the composites show a modest hydrogen production performance. According to an embodiment, the Tungsten (VI) oxide may be present at about 0.0085% w/v - 0.115% w/v.

[00125] Zinc oxide (ZnO) - Most applications of zinc oxide powder exploit the reactivity of the oxide as a precursor to other zinc compounds. For material science applications, zinc oxide has high refractive index, high thermal conductivity, binding, deodorizing, antibacterial and UV-protection properties. Consequently, it is added into materials and products including plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, rubber, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesive, sealants, concrete manufacturing, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, etc. It also has potential application in laser diodes and LEDs due to its wide direct band gap, as well as other electronic applications. Zinc oxide itself is non-toxic; however, it is hazardous to inhale zinc oxide fumes as generated when zinc or zinc alloys are melted and oxidized at high temperature. According to an embodiment, the Zinc oxide may be present at about 0.0045% w/v - 0.0115% w/v.

[00126] Cadmium oxide (CdO) - Major uses for cadmium oxide are as an ingredient for electroplating baths and in pigments. It is also used as electrodes for storage batteries, cadmium salts, catalyst, ceramic glazes, phosphors and nematocide. It is also used as a transparent conductive material, used in the form of thin films in applications such as photoiodides, phototransistors, photovoltaic cells, transparent electrodes, liquid crystal displays, IR detectors and anti-reflection coatings. The cadmium oxide may be present at about 0.01 1 % w/v to about 0.03% w/v, of the composition.

Catalysis promoter

[00127] The effect of a catalyst may vary due to the presence of other substances known as promoters, which increase the activity of the catalyst. According to an embodiment of the present invention, Cesium is used in industry as a catalyst promoter, for boosting the performance of other metal oxides in the capacity and for the hydrogenation of organic compounds. Cesium salts are used to strengthen various types of glass. Cesium halides such as bromide (as well as chloride and iodide) crystallize in a simple cubic crystal system, also referred to as the "cesium chloride structure," which is a structure that is preferred to those of most other alkaline halides, which adopt the sodium chloride structure. The cesium chloride structure is composed of a primitive cubic lattice with a two-atom basis, each with an eightfold coordination; the chloride atoms lie upon the lattice points at the edges of the cube, while the cesium atoms lie in the holes in the center of the cubes. Other cesium compounds are used in optical glasses, optical instruments and increasing sensitivity of electron tubes.

[00128] Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that the components of the screening composition of the present invention will interact with one or more markers present in the body fluid of the subject. Also, it is also believed that the diagnostic composition of the present invention is suitable for the detection of environmentally driven and non-environmentally driven cancers.

pH Regulators

[00129] In embodiments, the present invention may use pH regulators. Suitable pH regulators include but are not limited to Acetic Acid, Adipic Acid, Ammonium Aluminum Sulphate, Ammonium Bicarbonate, Ammonium Carbonate, Ammonium Citrate, dibasic, Ammonium Citrate, monobasic, Ammonium Hydroxide, Ammonium Phosphate, dibasic, Ammonium Phosphate, monobasic, Calcium Acetate, Calcium Acid Pyrophosphate, Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Citrate, Calcium Fumarate, Calcium Gluconate, Calcium Hydroxide, Calcium Lactate, Calcium Oxide, Calcium Phosphate, dibasic, Calcium Phosphate, monobasic, Calcium Phosphate, tribasic, Calcium Sulphate, Carbon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Cream of Tartar, Fumaric Acid, Gluconic Acid, Glucono-delta-lactone, Hydrochloric Acid, Lactic Acid, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Citrate, Magnesium Fumarate, Magnesium Hydroxide, Magnesium Phosphate, Magnesium Sulphate, Malic Acid, Manganese Sulphate, Metatartaric Acid, Phosphoric Acid, Potassium Acid Tartrate, Potassium Aluminum Sulphate, Potassium Bicarbonate, Potassium Carbonate, Potassium Chloride, Potassium Citrate, Potassium Fumarate, Potassium Hydroxide, Potassium Lactate, Potassium Phosphate, dibasic, Potassium Sulphate, Potassium Tartrate, Sodium Acetate, Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Sodium Acid Tartrate, Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Sodium Aluminum Sulphate, Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Bisulphate, Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Fumarate, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Lactate, Sodium Phosphate, dibasic, Sodium Phosphate, monobasic, Sodium Phosphate, tribasic, Sodium Potassium Tartrate, Sodium Pyrophosphate, tetrabasic, Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sulphuric Acid, Sulphurous Acid, Tartaric Acid, lithium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide carbonate. Preferably, the pH adjusting agent is potassium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide carbonate or combinations thereof. The pH regulators may be present at about 0.0035% w/v to about 0.55% w/v, of the composition. Particularly, the pH regulators may be:

[00130] Calcium Carbonate (CaC0 ₃ ) - According to an embodiment, calcium carbonate, which is a chemical compound with the formula CaC0 ₃ , may be used in the present invention as a compound to facilitate the formation of bonds between the components of the formulations. It is a common substance found in rocks in all parts of the world, and is the main component of shells of marine organisms, snails, coal balls, pearls, and eggshells. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime, and is created when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions creating limescale. It is commonly used medicinally as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous. The calcium carbonate may be present at about 0.035% w/v to about 0.055% w/v, of the composition.

Potassium carbonate (K ₂ C0 ₃ ) - Potassium chloride is a white salt, soluble in water (insoluble in ethanol)[2] which forms a strongly alkaline solution. It can be made as the product of potassium hydroxide's absorbent reaction with carbon dioxide. It is deliquescent, often appearing a damp or wet solid. Potassium carbonate is used in the production of soap and glass. The potassium carbonate may be present at about 0.045% w/v to about 0.055% w/v, of the composition.

Additional ingredients

[00131] The composition of the present invention comprises additional ingredients including: [00132] Calcium chloride (CaCI ₂ ) - According to an embodiment Calcium chloride (CaCI ₂ ) finds many uses. It is used as a desiccant. It is used on dirt roads to keep dust down and also on roads in winter for de-icing, as solutions of calcium chloride can prevent freezing at temperatures as low as -52°C. Calcium chloride is also added to pool water to increase its hardness and reduce erosion of concrete pools. It is added to marine aquariums to introduce calcium for calcium carbonate-shelled animals such as mollusks and some cnidarians. As a food additive, it is generally recognized as safe as a sequestrant and firming agent. It is also used as an electrolyte in sports drinks and other beverages. Calcium chloride is sometimes used to correct mineral deficiencies in brewing water for making beer. It is also sometimes added to cheese to restore calcium levels. In medicine, it has been used in various heart treatments. Calcium chloride is also used in a non-surgical procedure for animal sterilization. It is sometimes used in concrete to speed initial setting. It is an additive in plastics and fire extinguishers, wastewater treatment, blast furnaces and in fabric softener. Exothermic dissolution of calcium chloride is used in self-heating cans and heating pads. In the oil industry, it is used to increase the density of solids-free brines and to provide inhibition of swelling clays in the water phase of invert emulsion drilling fluids. Calcium chloride acts as flux material in the Davy process for the production of sodium metal through electrolysis of molten NaCI. Calcium chloride is used as an ingredient in ceramic slipware, making a variety of slipcasting techniques easier to perform. The calcium chloride may be present at about 0.0095% w/v to about 0.0125% w/v, of the composition.

[00133] Calcium fluoride precipitated (CaF^ - Calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ) in the fluorite state is a significant fluoride source. It is a principal ingredient in the manufacture of hydrogen fluoride, which is used to produce a wide range of materials. Calcium fluoride is also used to manufacture optical components such as windows and lenses, used in thermal imaging systems, spectroscopy, and excimer lasers. Its low refractive index eliminates the need for anti-reflection coatings. According to an embodiment, the calcium fluoride may be present at about 0.0045% w/v - 0.029% w/v.

[00134] Niobium (V) oxide (Nb ₂ 0 ₅ ) - Niobium pentoxide is the main precursor to all materials made of niobium: metallic niobium, alloys, capacitors, lithium niobate and optical glasses. According to an embodiment, the Niobium (V) oxide may be present at about 0.004% w/v - 0.0285% w/v.

[00135] Potassium chloride - KCI : Potassium chloride is odorless and has a white or colourless crystal appearance. Its main use is in plant fertilizer. It is also used as a source of potassium to make other chemical products such as potassium hydroxide and potassium metal. It finds use in sodium reduced table salt products. Potassium chloride is sometimes used as a completion fluid in petroleum and natural gas operations. It is useful as a beta radiation source for calibration of radiation monitoring equipment. According to an embodiment, the Potassium chloride is used in the preparation of phosphate buffered saline used in the present invention.

[00136] Potassium phosphate, monobasic - KH ₂ P0 ₄ : Monobasic potassium phosphate (also monopotassium phosphate, MKP, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or KDP) is used as fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide. It is also used as a buffering agent. As a fertilizer, it is used as a nutrient source in greenhouses and hydroponics. As a crystal, it is noted for its non-linear optical properties, being used in optical modulators and second-harmonic generation. As a food additive, it has the E number E340. Primarily used as an acidity regulator and chelating agent, it prevents desiccation and prevents formation of clumps in powders. It increases the activity of antioxidants. According to an embodiment, the Monobasic potassium phosphate may be present at about 0.008% w/v - 0.0265% w/v.

[00137] Silver (I) oxide (Ag ₂ 0) - Silver (I) oxide is a black or dark brown compound used to prepare other silver compounds. This oxide is sometimes used in silver-oxide batteries, as is silver (I, III) oxide. In organic chemistry, silver oxide is used as a mild oxidizing agent. According to an embodiment, the Silver (I) oxide may be present at about 0.004% w/v - 0.0055% w/v.

[00138] Tantalum (V) oxide (Ta ₂ 0 ₅ ) - Tantalum (V) oxide or tantalum pentoxide is an inert material with high refractive index and low absorption, making it useful for coatings. It is also used extensively in the production of tantalum capacitors, due to its high dielectric constant, which allows for further miniaturization of microelectronic components. Due to its high refractive index, it has been used in the fabrication of glass for photographic lenses as well. According to an embodiment, the Tantalum (V) oxide may be present at about 0.0065% w/v - 0.00225% w/v.

[00139] Tin (powder- Sn) - One half of the tin produced in the world in 2006 was for use in solder. Tin readily bonds to iron, and is therefore used in coating steel to prevent corrosion. Tin is also used in the production of alloys such as pewter, bronze and zirconium alloys. A niobium-tin compound is used commercially as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature and critical magnetic field. A tin-lead alloy is used in the manufacture of the pipes in a pipe organ, as tin is a tonally resonant metal. Tin has been used in Li-ion batteries. Tin fluoride is added to some dental care products. Organotin compounds are used in the stabilization of PVC plastics. Organotin compounds can have relatively high toxicity: they have been used for their biocidal effects in fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, wood preservatives and antifouling agents. Tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. According to an embodiment, the tin may be present at about 0.0035% w/v - 0.01 15% w/v.

Diagnostic strip

[00140] According to another embodiment, the diagnostic strip of the present invention may comprise a solid phase layer, comprising an adsorbent, and a diagnostic composition of the present invention.

[00141] The solid phase layer may be any suitable material onto which an adsorbent may be deposited. For example, the material may be a plastic material, a polymeric material, a natural fiber material such as a paper filter, filter membranes such as nylon, cellulose, nitrocellulose, PVDF materials or the like. The material may also be a glass material.

Adsorbent

[00142] The solid support material used in the present invention may also comprise an adsorbent, that is, a substance that adsorbs another. Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid (the absorbate) permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid (the absorbent). Adsorption is a surface-based process while absorption involves the whole volume of the material. The term sorption encompasses both processes, while desorption is the reverse of it. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon.

[00143] According to an embodiment, the adsorbent may be for example a silica gel (Si0 ₂ ), titanium dioxide (Ti0 ₂ ), an aluminum oxide, Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ), or a cellulose.

[00144] According to an embodiment, a preferred adsorbent is silica gel, which is a granular, vitreous, porous form of silicon dioxide made synthetically from sodium silicate. Silica gel is tough and hard; it is more solid than common household gels like gelatin or agar. It is a naturally occurring mineral that is purified and processed into either granular or beaded form. As a desiccant, it has an average pore size of 2.4 nanometers and has a strong affinity for water molecules.

[00145] According to an embodiment, another preferred adsorbent is titanium dioxide (Ti0 ₂ ). Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium (IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula Ti0 ₂ . When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. Generally it is sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase. It has a wide range of applications, from paint to sunscreen to food colouring. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E171. The main use of titanium dioxide in industry is as a white powder pigment. It is resistant to discoloration under ultraviolet light exposure. This powder is found in paints and coatings including glazes and enamels, plastics, paper, inks, fibers, foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. There is growing use of titanium dioxide in toothpastes and sunscreen. Because of its oxidative and hydrolysis properties, its demand is growing in photocatalysts, with applications including light-emitting diodes, LCDs and electrodes for plasma displays. When exposed to UV light, titanium dioxide becomes increasingly hydrophilic and can be used for anti-fogging coatings and self-cleaning windows. Its disinfecting properties find use in medical devices, food preparation surfaces, air conditioning filters and sanitary ware surfaces. It can also be used as an oxygen sensor. According to an embodiment, the titanium dioxide may be present at about 30% w/v - 35% w/v of the composition. [00146] According to an embodiment, the titanium oxide may be for example BASF® Aurasperse W-318 Titanium White™.

[00147] According to another embodiment, the adsorbent may be aluminum oxide (Al ₂ 0 ₃ ). It is widely used to remove water from gas streams, or absorb excess moisture from the filter paper used in the present invention. According to an embodiment, the aluminum oxide may be present at about 0.11 % w/v - 0.145% w/v.

[00148] Strontium titanate (SrTi0 ₃ ) - This oxide of strontium and titanium was, at one time, produced for the sole purpose of simulating diamond until better substitutes were found. In embodiments of the present invention, strontium titanate is used as an adsorbent to remove the excess moisture from the filter paper used in the present invention. According to an embodiment, the Strontium titanate may be present at about 0.0105% w/v - 0.1 15% w/v.

[00149] Solvents may be used to dissolve the adsorbent and apply the adsorbent on the solid support (on the surface thereof, on soaked through the entirety of the solid support). A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute (a chemically different liquid, solid or gas), resulting in a solution. Suitable solvents that may be used in the present invention include organic solvents, such as for example acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-butanone, t-butyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, chloroform, cyclohexane, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, diethyl ether, diethylene glycol, diglyme (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), 1 ,2-dimethoxy-ethane (glyme, DME), dimethylether, dimethyl-formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dioxane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol, glycerin, heptane, Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), Hexamethylphosphorous, triamide (HMPT), hexane, methanol, methyl t-butyl, ether (MTBE), methylene chloride, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), nitromethane, pentane, Petroleum ether (ligroine), 1-propanol, 2-propanol, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, triethyl amine, water, water, heavy, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene. Preferably, the solvent is ethanol. Most preferably, the ethanol is anhydrous ethyl alcohol (100%).

[00150] According to another embodiment, there is provided a method of screening comprising the steps of: a) contacting a screening composition according to the present invention or a screening strip according to the present invention, with a body fluid of a subject; b) measuring and comparing a fluorescence level from the screening composition or the screening strip contacted with the bodily fluid of the subject to a positive and/or negative control fluid samples;

wherein a fluorescence level comparable to the negative control is indicative of an absence of cancer;

wherein a fluorescence level intermediate to the negative control and the positive control is indicative of an intermediate level of cancer; and

wherein absence of fluorescence is indicative of a cancer presence.

[00151] The method may also further comprise the step a") prior to performing the method: a") obtaining a bodily fluid from the subject.

[00152] The method may further comprise contacting the screening composition or the screening strip contacted with the bodily fluid of the subject with an activator composition prior to step b.

[00153] In embodiments, the body fluid is chosen from saliva, mucus, urine, blood, lymph, or combinations thereof.

[00154] In embodiments, the subject may be a human.

[00155] According to an embodiment, the composition of the present may be applied to filter paper to create a strip test ready to receive the body fluid (e.g. saliva). Different groups of chemicals making up the composition of the present invention may be successively applied to the filter paper. Once the chemicals have been applied in the proper order to the filter paper, and completely dried, the test strip is ready to receive the body fluid. According to an embodiment, the interaction of the body fluid with the test strip is then immediately observable in a dark room under ultraviolet light (black light).

[00156] Based on a certain type of reaction, the test will conclude if one has pre- stage or active cancer anywhere in the body. This test is intended to be a baseline test from which other tests are to be developed to confirm the approximate location of the cancer, e.g. in specific organs such as the ovaries, and breasts, to specific locations such as the intestine, colon, etc. The diagnostic composition of the present invention may confirm the presence of cancer without the use of time-consuming and/or invasive and/or painful and/or costly techniques. Ultimately, the primary benefit of this diagnostic composition of the present invention is to allow science to expand its knowledge in the chemistry of cancer.

[00157] According to an embodiment, there is disclosed a method of diagnosing a cancer comprising contacting a composition of the present invention, or a diagnostic strip of the present invention, with a body fluid of a subject. The composition and/or the diagnostic strip are then exposed to UV light in the dark, and the presence or absence of a cancer is confirmed by the fluorescence of the composition and/or diagnostic strip.

[00158] The present invention will be more readily understood by referring to the following examples which are given to illustrate the invention rather than to limit its scope.

EXAMPLE 1

PREPARATION OF TEST STRIP SOLID PHASE LAYER

Table 1 - Ethanol and silica solution

[00159] The ethanol and silica gel solution described above in table 1 is left to rest at room temperature, and a Whatman™ Qualitative Filter Paper Grade 3 (e.g. CAT No. 1003-1 10 or No. 1003-090) is allowed to soak for at least four hours. When the soaking time is complete, the treated filter paper is removed and left to dry. After the filter is dried, the excess silica gel is brushed or blown off the filter paper.

[00160] After complete drying the filter paper, or strips cut therefrom may be used for screening purposes. EXAMPLE 2

PREPARATION OF THE SCREENING FORMULATION

[00161] The chemicals of Group A (see below) are mixed together in a 500 ml beaker or equivalent container in the listed sequential order disclosed below. Mixing takes place under a fumehood with a blue plant light, e.g. ~ 425 - 450 nm wavelength, 75 W indoor plant light bulb or equivalent. After each chemical is added, the mixture is stirred such that each new chemical added to the solution is immediately stirred and mixed with the other as it is added. After the chemicals of Group A have been mixed in sequential order, inert gas such as nitrogen and argon (at the same time) are bubbled through the solution by barbotage, stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while the gases are being added, for approximately 30 seconds. Then, add helium, again bubbled through the solution by barbotage, again stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while it is being added, for a duration of 30 seconds. The mixture is then placed under plant light (blue light, e.g. ~ 425 - 450 nm wavelength, 75 W indoor plant light bulb or equivalent) to facilitate the homogenous mixing of the chemical mixtures and reaction together.

[00162] Similarly, the chemicals of Group B (see below) are mixed together in a 500 ml beaker or equivalent container in the listed sequential order disclosed below, again under a fumehood fitted with a plant light as described above. After each chemical is added, the mixture is stirred such that each new chemical added to the solution is immediately stirred and mixed with the other as it is added. After the chemicals of Group B have all been added and mixed in sequential order, helium is bubbled through the solution by barbotage, stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while it is being added, for a duration of 30 seconds. After the helium has been added, then nitrogen and argon (together, at the same time) are bubbled through the solution by barbotage, again stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while the gases are being added, for approximately 30 seconds.

[00163] When the chemicals of Groups A and B have been prepared, the Group A chemical solution is poured into the Group B solution and then stirred until homogenous (about 30 seconds). Nitrogen and argon are bubbled through the solution by barbotage at the same time, stirring in an anti-clockwise direction continuously while the gases are being added, for approximately 30 seconds. Then, add helium to the mixture, again stirring in an anti-clockwise direction continuously while it is being added, for a duration of 30 seconds. Once the gases have been added, the mixture is transferred to a high- shear overhead stirrer and stirred for 10 minutes at 1800 rpm. The solution is then moved to a dark, light-protected glass bottle/container to store until ready for use/application. Ideally, the solution must sit for a minimum of 8 hours before it is ready to be used.

[00164] The same procedure for Group A applies to the preparation of Groups C and E (below). The same procedure for Group B applies to the preparation of Groups D and F (below). The procedure for the combination of Groups A and B applies to the preparation of the combinations of Groups C and D and Group E and F respectively.

[00165] The chemicals of the activator are mixed together in a 500 ml beaker or equivalent container in the listed sequential order disclosed below, under a fumehood fitted with a plant light as described above. After each chemical is added, the mixture is stirred such that each new chemical added to the solution is immediately stirred and mixed with the other as it is added. After the chemicals of the activator have been mixed in sequential order, add nitrogen and argon at the same time to the mixture by barbotage, stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while the gases are being added, for approximately 30 seconds. Then, add helium to the mixture, again by barbotage and stirring in an anti-clockwise direction while it is being added, for a duration of 30 seconds. The mixture is then transferred to a dark light-protected glass bottle/container until it is ready to be used/applied. Ideally, the activator must sit for four hours before it is ready to be used.

EXAMPLE 3

PREPARATION OF TEST STRIPS

[00166] The pre-treated Whatman filter paper prepared above is first coated with the activator. Each strip test is coated with one layer of its respective activator solution. It is then placed under plant light to fully dry (blue light, e.g. ~ 425 - 450 nm wavelength, 75 W indoor plant light bulb or equivalent) for up to 3 hours. Once the filter paper is dry, apply another layer of the activator solution, placing it under the plant light again to fully dry for up to 3 hours. [00167] Once the second activator layer is dry, the respective combined Group A and B liquid screening formulation is applied to the strip test. Each strip test is coated with three layers of the combined Group A and B liquid formulation, which are applied consecutively after the previous layer has been added.

[00168] Once the application of the combined Group A and B liquid screening formulation has been completed, the painted filter paper is placed under the same plant light for up to five hours, until it is thoroughly dry. Then the strip test should be placed in a sealed package containing nitrogen, argon and helium gas for preservation of the integrity of the strip test.

EXAMPLE 4

SCREENING TEST PROCEDURE

[00169] For testing, the strip test is placed under UV light, and contacted with a body fluid such as saliva, urine, or blood for example. The contacted test strip is then immediately observed under UV light in a dark room. In the absence of cancer, (i.e. the positive result), the strip test will show the presence of fluorescence. If one has cancer, it is a darker shade of color. The shade of the strip test will decrease, or even completely disappear over a short period of time (about 90 seconds). According to an embodiment, all strip tests are 90-second tests. The observation of the strip tests should take place within 90 seconds. The window of observation is between 60 seconds and 90 seconds. See Figs. 1 and 2 for comparisons of positive and negative test strips.

[00170] Once the urine has been provided, unless it is being tested right away, it needs to be refrigerated to maintain its integrity. The strip test is contacted with the urine of the test subject under UV light. After the urine has been applied to the strip test, one simply observes the reaction. If the fluorescein disappears, it is confirmation that factors likely are present in the urine. The same test can be repeated.

[00171] The suggested time of observation is up to 30 seconds, to a maximum of 2 minutes.

[00172] See Figures 1 and 2 for comparisons of absence and presence respectively of the cancer biomarkers reaction results. The degree by which fluorescence disappears after initial exposure of urine to the strip test may be used to quantify the relative presence of the factor in the urine. For example, a slow disappearance of fluorescence represents less presence of the biomarker than a urine sample for which the fluorescence disappears rapidly over the course of the testing procedure.

[00173] The strip test is not to serve as a diagnostic test, but as a screening to confirm as certain stage of cancer, to determine if someone is sensitive to cancer and/or to initiate further medical investigation. The screening strip test is to serve as a tool for the scientific and medical communities to help identify those people who may have active cancer activity or may be developing cancer, at an early stage in the disease's progression.

EXAMPLE 5

BASELINE FORMULATION "A"

[00174] The baseline formulation "A" is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 2 - Urine Baseline for All Pre-Stage 0 Cancer Screening Strip Tests "A" (for 100 ml of solution)

Ferric oxide 0.1 1 g 0.11 % w/v

0.09 g - 0.13 g 0.09 to 0.13% w/v

EXAMPLE 6

ACTIVE PRE-STAGE PRIMARY CANCER/YEAST URINE MARKER TEST NO. 5

FORMULA

[00175] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 4 - Urine Extended for Active Cancer Yeast Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 5 - Activator Solution of Active Cancer Yeast Activity Test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 7

ACTIVE BLADDER CANCER URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00176] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 6 - Urine Extended for Bladder Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 7 - Activator for Bladder Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 8

ACTIVE BONE CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00177] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 8 - Urine Extended for Bone Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 9 - Activator for Bone Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 9

ACTIVE BRAIN CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00178] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 10 - Urine Extended for Brain Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 1 1 - Activator for Brain Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 10

ACTIVE BREAST CANCER URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00179] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 13 - Activator for Breast Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 11

ACTIVE CERVICAL CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00180] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 14 - Urine Extended for Cervical Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 15 - Activator for Cervical Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 12

ACTIVE COLON CANCER URINE STRIP TEST #5

[00181] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 16 - Urine Extended for Colon Cancer "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 17 - Activator for Colon Cancer test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 13

ACTIVE GALL BLADDER CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00182] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 18 - Urine Extended for Gall Bladder Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 19 - Activator for Gall Bladder Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 14

ACTIVE KIDNEY CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00183] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 21 - Activator for Kidney Cancer Activity (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 15

ACTIVE LEUKEMIA URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00184] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 22 - Urine Extended for Leukemia Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 23 - Activator for Leukemia Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 16

ACTIVE LIVER CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00185] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 24 - Urine Extended for Liver Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 25 - Activator for Liver Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 17

ACTIVE LUNG CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00186] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 26 - Urine Extended for Lun Cancer Activit "B" for 100 ml of solution

Table 27 - Activator for Lung Cancer Activity test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 18

ACTIVE LYMPHOMA STRIP TEST NO 5

[00187] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 28 - Extended for Lymphoma "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 29 - Activator for Lymphoma test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 19

ACTIVE OVARIAN CANCER TUMOUR URINE STRIP TEST NO. 5

[00188] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 30 - Secondary Target Formula for Ovarian Cancer Tumour "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 31 - Activator for Ovarian Cancer Tumour test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 20

ACTIVE PANCREATIC CANCER URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00189] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 32 - Urine Extended for Pancreatic Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 33 - Activator for Pancreatic Cancer test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 21

ACTIVE PROSTATE CANCER TUMOUR URINE STRIP TEST NO. 5

[00190] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Secondary Target Formula for Prostate Cancer Tumour "B" (for 100 ml of

EXAMPLE 22

ACTIVE SKIN CANCER URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00191] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 36 - Urine Extended for Skin Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 37 - Activator for Skin Cancer test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 23

ACTIVE STOMACH CANCER URINE TEST NO. 5 FORMULA

[00192] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 38 - Urine Extended for Stomach Cancer Activity "B" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 39 - Activator for Stomach Cancer test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 20

ACTIVE UTERINE CANCER URINE TEST NO 5 FORMULA

[00193] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 41- Activator for Uterine Cancer test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 25

BASELINE FORMULATION "C"

[00194] The baseline formulation "C" is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 42 - Baseline formulation C for Indicating Different Stages of Cancer (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 26

ESTROGEN INTERACTIVE TEST "D"

[00195] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the estrogen test is believed to detect the presence of an estrogen-related biomarker as potential indication that the physical body is positioning itself to bring cancer in, if left untreated. This marker is an indication pre-stage 1 , primary transformed cell activity.

Table 43 - Formulation for estrogen interactive test D (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 44 - Activator for estrogen interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 27

POTASSIUM INTERACTIVE TEST "D"

[00196] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the potassium test is believed to detect the presence of a potassium-related biomarker which is a potential indication that the pituitary gland has been compromised, triggering a potassium imbalance, potentially setting up the chemical environment for cancer cell division, if left untreated. This biomarker is an indication of pre-stage 2, primary transformed cell activity.

Table 45 - Formulation for potassium interactive test D (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 46 - Activator for potassium interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 28

CALCIUM INTERACTIVE TEST "D

[00197] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the calcium test is believed to detect the presence of a calcium-related biomarker which is a potential indication that the parathyroid is compromised, potentially creating a calcium imbalance in the body that can lead to the contribution and development of cancer/tumors. This biomarker is an indication of pre-stage 3, primary, transformed cell activity.

Table 47 - Formulation for calcium interactive test D (for 100 ml of solution)

0.05 g 0.05 % w/v

Niobium (V) oxide

0.043 g - 0.057 g 0.043 % w/v - 0.057 % w/v

0.20 g 0.20 % w/v

Fluorescein sodium salt

0.17 g - 0.23 g 0.17 % w/v - 0.23 % w/v

Table 48 - Activator for calcium interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 29

IRON INTERACTIVE TEST "D"

[00198] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the iron test is believed to detect the presence of an iron-related biomarker which is a potential indication that the bone marrow has been significantly compromised, further indicating a potential iron displacement in the body where the iron plays a potential role in triggering cancer cell division, also feeding cancer growth. This biomarker is an indication of pre-stage 4, primary transformed cell activity. Table 49 - Formulation for iron interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 50 - Activator for iron interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 30

SULFUR INTERACTIVE TEST

[00199] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Table 51 - Formulation for sulfur interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 52 - Activator for sulfur interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 31

NICKEL INTERACTIVE TEST "D"

[00200] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Table 53 - Formulation for nickel interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 54 - Activator for nickel interactive test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 32

BASELINE FORMULATION "E"

[00201] The baseline formulation Έ" is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations. Table 55 - Baseline formulation Έ" for Interleukins (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 33

STAGE 3 INTERLEUKIN TEST "F"

[00202] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 56 - Formulation for Stage 3 Interleukin test "F" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 57 - Activator for Stage 3 interleukin test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 34

STAGE 4 INTERLEUKIN INTERACTIVE TEST "F"

[00203] The formulation is prepared by mixing the listed ingredients according to the method described above in Example 2. The quantities and concentrations are shown as the preferred quantity/concentration, and over a range of quantities and concentrations.

Table 58 - Formulation for Stage 4 interleukin test "F" (for 100 ml of solution)

Table 59 - Activator for Stage 4 interleukin test (for 100 ml of solution)

EXAMPLE 35

PREPARATION OF TEST STRIP SOLID PHASE LAYER

Table 60 - Ethanol and silica solution

[00204] The ethanol and silica gel solution described above in example 35? is left to rest at room temperature, and a Whatman Qualitative Filter Paper CAT No. 1003-110 or No. 1003-090 is allowed to soak for at least four hours. When the soaking time is complete, the treated filter paper is removed and left to dry. After the filter is dried, the excess silica gel is brushed or blown off the filter paper.

[00205] After complete drying the filter paper, or strips cut therefrom may be used for diagnostic purposes.

EXAMPLE 36

PREPARATION OF GROUPS A TO F CHEMICAL FORMULATIONS

[00206] The chemicals of groups A to F must be prepared separately before being mixed to one another. The base formulations (A, C and E) are to be prepared and mixed to the test formulations of groups B, D and F according to the following fashion:

Base formulation Test formulation

A B

C D

E F

[00207] The formulations above are independently put together in the listed, sequential order disclosed above in Example 3 and mixed in a 250 ml beaker. Stirring of the solution is kept on, such that each new chemical added to the solution is immediately stirred and mixed with the other as it is added. After the chemicals have been mixed in sequential order, an inert gas such as helium gas is added bubbled through the solution by barbotage for a period of 20 to 30 seconds. After the helium gas has been added, the mixture is stirred and is then placed under plant light {blue light [e.g. (-425-450 nm wavelength)!) 75W indoor plant light bulb or equivalent) to facilitate the homogenous mixing of the chemical mixtures and reaction together. This process involving the plant light takes approximately 10 to 15 minutes, after the solution is removed from the plant light.

[00208] When the chemicals of Group A and Group C, or Group E and Group B, or Group D and Group F have been prepared, the Group A, C or E chemicals solution is poured into the Group B, D or F solution respectively, and then stirred until homogenous (about 30 seconds). The mixture is then ready to be used for application to the filter solid support.

EXAMPLE 37

USE OF THE TESTS IN COMBINATION

[00209] The tests of the present invention work together as checks and balances to follow the chemical audit trail in the overall development of cancer in the human body. They work together to amplify the potential accuracy of a singular test by examining other supporting tests for the purpose of ruling out an error.

[00210] The tests are believed to be helpful to support individuals with additional information that will help them to decide what type of treatment is to be sought by the patient and when this treatment should be given. Working together, these tests are intended to provide medical practitioners to be a step ahead of the cancer.

[00211] These tests allow the disease of cancer to be studied at a deep chemical level based on the collective tests. It is intended for these tests to help the medical profession to deepen the knowledge of cancer, whether it is environmental or genetic cancer. As worldwide familiarity develops with the use of these tests, it may lead to special treatments that specifically target environmental and/or genetic cancers.

[00212] In use, a strip test may be developed to include for example three diagnostic strips test for one single stage, starting for example with pre-stage 1. When the first test is positive, additional testing for pre-stage 2, and test are carried on until a negative test is obtained. In an embodiment, if all pre-stage tests are positive tests, one would then move on to Stage 0, 1 , 2, 3 and 4, until a negative test result has been achieved. In the case of a false positive test or a false negative test, the tests would have to be repeated. The result should not show positive for pre-stage 1 , negative for pre-stage 2 and then positive for pre-stage 3. If this happens, the technician would repeat the test or obtain a new urine sample.

[00213] For tests that cover independent organs, the same rules apply. The same urine may need to be tested three times to get a conclusive test, in some cases. Again, new urine may have to be obtained. Ideally, the best urine to use is the first urine after one wakes up in the morning.

[00214] While preferred embodiments have been described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made without departing from this disclosure. Such modifications are considered as possible variants comprised in the scope of the disclosure.