TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a thermodynamic engine having a first line in which a first fluid circulates, a second line in which a second fluid circulates, which has a lower evaporation temperature than said first fluid and is immiscible with the first fluid.

BACKGROUND

Today, renewable and clean energy sources are needed more than ever in order for humanity to maintain their life, and their importance is increasing exponentially. If measures are not taken for this situation and the chain of fossil fuels and carbon emissions cannot be broken, the future looks darker for humanity. Therefore, we must find renewable energy solutions to replace fossil fuels and reduce carbon emissions in order to overcome the most critical challenge of the time and take advantage of problem-oriented solutions for unprecedented economic opportunities, prosperity and growth.

Therefore, many studies are carried out to produce energy or motion without using fossil fuels or using as little as possible. Embodiments based on phase changes during the cycles of multiple fluids are also among these studies.

The utility model numbered CN204024736U relates to the production of power generation device generating steam turbine which includes a kind of ORC (Organic rankine cycle) low temperature and steam turbine circulation system, first order organic rankine cycle system and second order organic rankine cycle. PLC controlled valves and pumps are used in the system where energy and motion are produced by benefiting from the phase changes occurring in the said fluids. This increases the energy requirement of the system during operation, reduces the efficiency and causes the system to be in an extremely complex structure. In addition, the said system only aims to generate power.

National patent application numbered TR2013/04659 relates to a system consisting of an intermediate heat exchanger located between a turbo generator set which is used for the purpose of generating electrical or mechanical energy as a result of the combustion of a biomass or in connection with some other sources and operates according to the rankine cycle and high temperature vapors or gases and a working liquid evaporation heat exchanger that feeds the turbo generator set. In the intermediate heat exchange circuit, a gaseous liquid flows, which, on the one hand, is heated by high temperature gases or vapors, and on the other hand gives heat to the working feed liquid of the turbo generator set. The gaseous liquid can be an inert gas or air with a low oxygen content. In the said invention, the high pressure pumps, high pressure valves and injector valves used to send the fluids into the cylinder provide high internal consumption of the system while producing energy.

As a result, all the problems mentioned above made it necessary to make an innovation in the related technical field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a thermodynamic engine in order to eliminate the above- mentioned disadvantages and to bring new advantages to the relevant technical field.

The primary aim of the invention is to present a thermodynamic engine with increased efficiency by using as little equipment as possible and reducing the internal consumption values while producing energy.

Another aim of the invention is to produce motion and/or energy even at low temperatures by using a waste heat source.

The present invention is a thermodynamic engine in order to achieve all the purposes mentioned above and that will emerge from the detailed description below. Accordingly, the thermodynamic engine comprises; a first line in which a first fluid circulates, a second line in which a second fluid circulates, which has a lower evaporation temperature than said first fluid and is immiscible with the first fluid.

A heater to increase the temperature of the first fluid on the first line,

A cooler to cool the second fluid on the second line,

At the intersection of the first line and the second line; an expander into which the first fluid and the second fluid enter, a separation vessel in which the fluids exiting from the expander are separated from each other and directed to the first line and the second line, And expander; a suction valve associated with the first line, a pressure valve associated with the second line, an expansion chamber in which the first fluid and the second fluid from the first line and the second line enter, at least one outlet provided for the first fluid and the second fluid to leave the expansion chamber, at least one control unit for controlling the opening and closing of said outlet and suction valve, at least one piston that can move linearly in the expansion chamber, at least one rod and at least one crank that converts the linear motion of the piston to circular motion by connecting with the said piston. Thus, circular motion is achieved without the need for a pump use in the system and efficiency is increased.

In a possible embodiment of the invention, it includes at least one converter provided between the cooler and the expander to ensure that the second fluid in the second line becomes completely liquid.

In a possible embodiment of the invention, the first fluid circulating in said first line is one of R245fa, R11 , R152a and R600a gases or a combination of more than one of these.

In a possible embodiment of the invention, the second fluid that circulates in said second line and has a lower evaporation temperature than said first fluid and is immiscible with this first fluid is one of R134a, R22, R1234yf, R1234ze, R404, R407, R410 gases or a combination of more than one of these.

The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention will be understood more clearly by means of the figures given below and the detailed description written by referring to these figures, and therefore the evaluation should be made by taking this figure and detailed description into consideration.

SUMMARY OF THE FIGURES

In Figure 1 , the representative schematic view of the thermodynamic engine of the invention is given.

In Figure 2, the representative sectional view of the expander of the thermodynamic engine of the invention is given. In Figure 3, the representative perspective view of the expander of the thermodynamic engine of the invention is given.

Drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled and details not necessary for understanding the present invention may be omitted. Furthermore, elements that are at least substantially identical or have at least substantially identical functions are denoted by the same number.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In this detailed description, the thermodynamic engine (10) of the invention is explained with examples that will not have any limiting effect, only for better understanding the subject matter.

The thermodynamic engine (10) of the invention has a first line (40) and a second line (60) in which the fluids circulate. Said first line (40) and second line (60) combine as they pass through an expander (20) and a separation vessel (30). In other words, the first fluid circulating in the first line (40) and the second fluid circulating in the second line (60) are in the same environment while passing through the expander (20) and the separation vessel (30), and apart from this, they travel along two separate lines. The first fluid and the second fluid are selected from materials that are insoluble or slightly soluble in each other. In addition, the second fluid is selected to be in gaseous state at the temperature where the first fluid is in liquid state. In a possible embodiment of the invention, the first fluid can be selected as one or more of the R245fa, R11 , R152a and R600a gases, the second fluid can be selected as one or more of the R134a, R22, R1234yf, R1234ze, R404, R407, R410 gases.

The first fluid passing through the expander (20) and the separating vessel (30) on the first line (40) comes back to the expander (20) by passing through a heater (50). On the second line (60), the second fluid passing through the expander (20) and the separation vessel (30) comes back to the expander (20) after passing through a cooler (70). In a possible embodiment of the invention, there may also be a converter (80) provided between the cooler (70) and the expander (20).

There is a suction valve (21) provided on the expander (20) and connected to the first line (40). There is also a pressure valve (22) provided on the expander (20) and connected to the second line (60). Said suction valve (21 ) and pressure valve (22) open into an expansion chamber (24) in which a piston (25) is located. There is an outlet (23) in order to provide the outflow of fluids from the expansion chamber (24) and said outlet (23) is associated with the separation vessel (30). Said piston (25) is connected to a crank (27) with a rod (26). Thus, the movement of the piston (25) in the expansion chamber (24) is converted into circular motion with said rod (26) and said crank (27).

During the movement of the piston (25) to increase the volume of the expansion chamber (24), the suction valve (21 ) is opened by a control unit (not shown in the figure), and the first fluid in the first line (40) is sucked into the expansion chamber (24) with the occurring vacuum. Then, the piston (25) starts to compress the first fluid by moving up and the pressure in the expansion chamber (24) increases. As the pressure in the expansion chamber (24) increases, the pressure valve (22) opens and the second fluid in the second line (60) starts to enter the expansion chamber (24). When the first fluid and the second fluid enter the same environment, the second fluid vaporizes by taking heat from the first fluid. Thus, as the pressure in the expansion chamber (24) increases further, the piston (25) is pushed down. Then, the control unit opens the outlet (23) and allows the first fluid and the second fluid to pass towards the separation vessel (30). With the opening of the outlet (23), the pressure in the expansion chamber (24) decreases and the pressure valve (22) is closed. Then, while the piston (25) moves upwards, the fluids in the expansion chamber (24) are pushed towards the separation vessel (30). The first fluid and the second fluid coming to the separation vessel (30) are separated from each other, and the first fluid moves towards the heater (50), and the second fluid moves towards the cooler (70). After the second fluid passes through the cooler (70), it is completely converted into liquid form in a converter (80). Then, the first fluid and the second fluid return to the expander (20). Thus, one cycle of the system is completed.

In the said embodiment, the first fluid mass sent into the expander (20) is larger than the second fluid mass. Therefore, the temperature of the first fluid decreases slightly during expansion, and accordingly, the need for heating in the heater (50) is less. In this way, the energy to be used for heating is less. Relatedly, the low mass of the second fluid also causes the amount of energy required for cooling the second fluid to be low. As a result, a thermodynamic engine (10) with high efficiency is presented by means of the embodiment of the invention.

The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the attached claims and it cannot be limited to what is explained in this detailed description for the sake of example. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can provide similar embodiments in the light of the above, without departing from the main theme of the invention. REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE FIGURE

10 Thermodynamic engine

20 Expander

21 Suction valve

22 Pressure valve

23 Outlet

24 Expansion chamber

25 Piston

26 Rod

27 Crank

30 Separation vessel

40 First line

50 Heater

60 Second line

70 Cooler

80 Converter