TH REE- D I M ENSI ONAL CARRI ER W I TH ADAPTABLE TABS

Tech n ica l f ie ld

The invention pertains to the technical field of (secondary) packaging m eans for holding a plurality of obj ects, preferably containers (primary packaging) , for instance for consumables such as liquids and foodstuff, specifically for beverage containers, cans, etc. , where the container has recess and/or a ledge, e.g. form ed by a seam portion, usually at the top section and a recessed portion thereunder with a lower radius.

Backg rou nd

Container carriers are used in retail environments to typically hold a set of containers together so that they may be grasped and carried as a single unit. While lighter containers may be carried with substantially flat container carriers, heavier containers usually require container carriers with three-dimensional support structures to support their weight.

Container carriers are often manufactured in one location and then shipped to a different location for application of the carriers to the containers to be packed . Traditionally such carriers are produced from cardboard and susceptible to cracking or tearing, especially when wet.

Alternatively, or in combination with paper/ cardboard , use of plastic is strongly dissuaded for (secondary) packaging, as it is often discarded incorrectly or unseparated, thereby creating or increasing pollution problems (e.g. plastic rings for holding cans) . Even when disregarding incorrect disposal, non-negligible amounts of plastic tend to end up on landfills, breaking down only over very long periods of tim e (several centuries) . Even when the plastic packaging is correctly disposed of, separated from other waste and recycled, it should be noted that recycling plastic is an inefficient process at high cost, and with its own pollution problematics. It is furthermore in this light the applicant felt the need to search for new solutions.

The document JPH08301339 discloses a polypropylene packaging holder for clam ping beverage cans. This is however achieved by pushing the top of each‘cup’ that clamps a container down , and flexes the connection parts outwards while also venting the air inside via the air vent portions. The docum ent specifically discloses polypropylene as the m aterial to be used. There remains a need in the art for im proved (secondary) packaging for holding obj ects, preferably containers, aim ing to facilitate packaging production , reduce m aterial use and waste, as well as providing an im proved strength.

Su m m ary of t h e inve nt ion

I n a first aspect, the invention pertains to a packaging according to the claims. I n a second aspect, the invention pertains to an assem bly com prising one or more secondary packaging carriers according to the first aspect of the invention , and a plurality of obj ects for being retained by said one or more secondary packaging carriers. Further advantages, features, and exam ples of the present invention are disclosed in the detailed description .

Deta iled descript ion of t h e inve nt ion I n what follows, reference is often m ade for the invention with respect to essentially cylindrical containers. However, it should be appreciated that the invention at hand is applicable to any object of any shape (not lim ited to cylindrical) com prising a recess and/or ledge form ed e.g. by first section with a recessed section positioned directly beneath . Note that the recessed section does not necessarily need to be recessed with respect to the first section over its entire perim eter, but can be provided with a discrete num ber of inward recesses over said perim eter. Preferably, the invention is a secondary packaging for holding elongated containers which are radially sym m etric with respect to the longitudinal axis, and have a ledge or recessed section. I n a particular embodim ent, the invention provides a (secondary) packaging carrier for so-called‘sleek’ containers (and especially for so-called sleek cans) , which have a relatively low variation in radius over their entire height. This m eans that around the seam portion , where the secondary packaging engages the container, the radius is essentially the sam e as below, which allows containers to be packed very densely with(in) a secondary packaging. I n order to ensure structural strength of the secondary packaging, while keeping the m aterial thickness as lim ited as possible, retention m eans are provided to the packaging extending (perpendicularly) from the horizontal plane in which the packaging generally extends. This way, the secondary packaging is generally provided as a 2-dimensional ‘plate’ structure ensuring a structural strength which is not compromised by cut out sections to hold the containers.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill within the field of this invention.

As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings:

“A”,“an”, and“the” as used herein refers to both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. By way of example, “a compartment" refers to one or more than one compartment.

“About" as used herein referring to a measurable value such as a parameter, an amount, a temporal duration, and the like, is meant to encompass variations of + /- 20% or less, preferably +/-10% or less, more preferably +/-5% or less, even more preferably + / - 1 % or less, and still more preferably + / - 0.1 % or less of and from the specified value, in so far such variations are appropriate to perform in the disclosed invention. However, it is to be understood that the value to which the modifier “about” refers is itself also specifically disclosed.

“ Comprise”, “comprising”, and “comprises” and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “include”, “including”, “includes” or “contain”, “containing", “contains” and are inclusive or open-ended terms that specifies the presence of what follows e.g. component and do not exclude or preclude the presence of additional, non-recited components, features, element, members, steps, known in the art or disclosed therein.

The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within that range, as well as the recited endpoints.

The expression “% by weight”, “weight percent”, “%wt” or “wt%”, here and throughout the description unless otherwise defined, refers to the relative weight of the respective component based on the overall weight of the form ulation. The term “ container” refers to a receptacle or holder for e.g. food and liquids but is equally applicable to containers holding any type of product, where a widened (seam) portion at or near the top is followed by a recessed portion with a smaller radius positioned directly beneath said widened portion. Such containers can be e.g. cans, glass jars, bottles, steel or other metal conserve containers. Although the references to the containers are made in general, taking into account possible variations on shapes and designs, the containers are typically radially symmetrical, with a seam portion having a first constant radius, and a recessed portion with a constant second radius that is smaller than that of the seam portion , wherein the seam portion is positioned more towards an end of the container (top end/bottom end) . I n general, this seam portion is at the top opening end, and can be an actual seam , but can also be a lid that is removable or not (such as in glass jars or bottles) , or simply a widened section for aesthetic purposes. The invention specifically aims to take advantage of this feature which is present in almost any storage container for storing a product, e.g. food and/or beverages (or liquids in general) .

The term “seam portion” refers to a radially protruding section of the container with a larger radius than the recessed section thereunder, forming a ledge. As mentioned, in general this will be present at the upper (opening) end of the container (for instance a double seam created by a canning process) , providing a practical pick-up section of the container for the invention.

The “portion directly beneath the seam portion” or “the recessed portion directly beneath the seam portion” refers to a (the first) local radius minimum of the container directly below the seam portion. I n most circumstances, both portions will be in a 1 to 4 cm top region of the container, where often the top region is even at most 0.5 cm including the seam portion being (part of) the very top.

The“perimeter” of the aperture is an opening with the same general contour as the object to be retained. This means that for holding cans, containers, etc., the perimeter will generally be circular or polygonal. However, for‘deviating’ objects to be retained, other apertures can be envisioned as well, having a more irregular shape.

I n a first aspect, the invention pertains to a (preferably secondary) packaging for holding a plurality of objects, preferably containers, said packaging comprising a plate having an upper outside surface and a bottom outside surface. The plate comprises a plurality of object retention means, preferably said retention means being provided in a grid formation on the plate. Each of the retention means comprises a hollow object receiving portion protruding from the plate, said receiving portion comprising a wall and a top. The wall of the receiving portion is provided with at least 3, preferably 6 or more, inward protrusions, protruding radially inwards from said wall. The packaging comprises, and preferably consists of, metal.

The use of metal as a material for the packaging of the invention, firstly allows production to make good use of any material stocks used already in many production lines (for instance cans, containers, etc.) , which usually comprise, if not consist of, metal, and specifically aluminum alloys (for instance in can production lines) . Aside from making use of existing material stock, thereby increasing efficiency and costs, the choice for metal is also ecologically inspired, as metal components can be recycled m uch easier than plastics which have been heavily used until now in packaging. Additionally, the use of metal instead of plastics or other materials (cardboard, etc.) , provides an interesting array of new options due to the technical properties of metals in terms of deformability, machinability, durability, robustness, strength, heat resistance (both high and low temperatures), moisture resistance, pressure resistance, and others. I n particular, in light of the present concept, the machinability and deformability are particularly useful. Finally, it greatly simplifies potential integration of electronic circuitry into the packaging.

The objective of the invention is to provide for a packaging that is suitable for easily engaging (and disengaging) with objects, and in a specific application of the invention containers such as cans, which comprise a section that is at least partly, preferably entirely, recessed with respect to an adjoining section. This recessed section can thus be a full recess, similar to a groove, extending over the perimeter of said section, or simply be a number of discrete recesses distributed over the perimeter of the section. It is important in this light to note that the shape of the receiving portion can be varied, depending on the objects to be retained, ranging from cylindrical, to (truncated) conical, cuboid, prismatic, spherical, etc.

By providing a hollow receiving portion that fits over the top of the object, the object can be introduced into said receiving portion up to an insertion depth where the protrusions on the hollow receiving portion fit into the recessed section of the object, thereby clasping it. As the protrusions extend into the recessed section, the overlying section cannot pass upwards without the object and/or the receiving portion/protrusions deforming. It is in this light that the use of metal is particularly advantageous, as it allows a slight, temporary deformation upon insertion of the object into the receiving portion, and can afterwards revert into its original shape, ‘snapping’ into the recessed portion with the protrusions, without the material suffering from reduced structural strength. However, when the packaging is dimensioned appropriately in view of the object it is to retain, it can be achieved that the retained object cannot be removed without exerting a predefined amount of force, thereby avoiding accidental detachment of the object from the packaging. The metal is strong and flexible enough for the deformation that allows insertion of the object, and then securely retains said object. Note that in some applications, the objects may first be introduced, while the protrusions are only applied to the packaging upon insertion.

I n a preferred embodiment, the receiving portion is essentially cylindrical. I n a preferred embodiment, the (inner) radius of the receiving portion ranges between 2.5 cm and 4.0 cm , specifically between 2.9 cm and 3.4 cm . However, the radius can easily vary depending on the application at hand (objects to be retained) . For instance, for bottles, the radius will be significantly lower in most cases where the neck portions of the bottles are gripped (for instance at the ring, or under the bottle cap) , with the (inner) radius of the receiving portion in many applications ranging between 1.0 cm and 2.25 cm , preferably between 1.2 cm and 1.8 cm .

The thickness of the packaging plane (plate) will preferably be substantially equal over its entire surface, as it can be easily produced from single sheets of metal, that are cut and/or pressed into the desired shape.

The thickness of the packaging plate material is dependent on the weight of the objects to be held and the amount thereof to be held per packaging, but should, for most com mon applications, be at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, more preferably at least 0.15 mm , even more preferably 0.20 mm , 0.25 mm, or even 0.30 mm. Of course, higher values are equally possible as a lower boundary, for instance 0.35 mm , 0.4 mm , 0.45 mm , 0.5 mm , 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, or even higher.

An upper boundary will preferably, again applicable in most cases, be at 2.5 mm, preferably 2.0 mm , more preferably 1.75 mm, even more preferably 1.5 mm , even more preferably 1.25 mm or even 1.0 mm. I n an even further preferred embodiment, the thickness is at most 0.75 mm, even more preferably at most 0.60 mm or even 0.50 m m . Lower values for the upper boundary are of course possible, taking into account the above parameters, and the specific m aterial used.

The above values were found sufficient for holding 6 to 1 2 (filled) 330 m l beverage cans, with the packaging being made from any standard alum inum alloy used to produce the beverage cans themselves.

I n a preferred em bodim ent, the receiving portion extends over a height with respect to the plate of at least 0.25 cm , preferably at least 0.5 cm , more preferably at least 0.75 cm . Preferably, the receiving portion extends over a height with respect to the plate of at most 5.0 cm , preferably at most 3.5 cm , more preferably at most 2.0 cm . Again, variation m ay apply depending on the type of object.

A further advantage of the hollow receiving portion cupping the top part of the obj ect allows (the top part of) the object to be shielded from environm ental factors, and in particular from pollutants and dirt. Considering that a m argin (at least 0.1 0 m m ) is allowed between the said wall of the hollow receiving portion and the obj ect, air flow is m aintained, allowing any possible fluids present to be drained easily as well as preventing growth of mold.

I n a preferred embodim ent, the retention means will be provided in a 2 x 3 grid, or a 2 x 4, 3 x 3, 3 x 4, 3 x 5, 3 x 6, 3 x 8, 2 x 5, 2 x 6, 2 x 8, etc. grid.

I n a preferred em bodim ent, each inward protrusion on the inner wall of the hollow receiving portion of the packaging is substantially local and does not extend over the perim eter of the said wall. Localized protrusions, such as dim ples, have little im pact on the overall strength of the wall. Additionally, these can be applied easily via single points of pressure at predeterm ined locations.

I n a preferred embodim ent, each of the said inward protrusions extends over the perim eter of the said wall over a predeterm ined length of at least 0.25 cm , preferably at least 0.5 cm , more preferably at least 0.75 cm or 1 .0 cm . Longer protrusions assure a stronger support of object by the protrusions, ensuring that the object is not released accidentally (for instance due to a sudden movem ent or stop) .

Note that in a possible em bodim ent, a m ix can be used of local inward protrusions and elongate protrusions (extending over the perim eter of the predeterm ined length) . These can be provided alternately, or alternately according to a different ratio than 1 to 1 (for instance 2: 1 , 1 : 2, 3: 1 , 1 : 3) . Even more, the local inward protrusion can be provided at edge sections of the hollow receiving portions (edge of the carrier) , or inversely, the elongate protrusions can be provided there.

It is noted that, when the packaging is loaded with objects and carried by a consumer, high pressure zones are established, namely where more pressure is exerted by the objects on the packaging due to bending of the packaging when supporting the weight of the objects. These high-pressure zones can for instance be provided with elongate protrusions to better support the weight there. The location of the high-pressure zones can for instance be determined via finite element analysis.

I n a preferred embodiment, the inward protrusions comprise cut-out tabs from the wall, said tabs being cut out from the wall with an essentially U-shaped cut, whereby the U-shape is open facing either towards the top of the hollow receiving portion, or facing away therefrom , and whereby the tabs are bent radially inwards with respect to the wall (after introduction of the object), thereby defining an inscribed perimeter that is dimensioned not to allow passage of the object without pushing the tabs outward. The wall itself, without the tabs, is dimensioned to allow unhindered passage of the object

The cut-out tabs allow easy deformation to create inward protruding sections that can prevent accidental release of the object out of the receiving portion. Again, simply pressing the tabs inwards (or the elastic return of the tabs to their original position) after introduction of the object, allows the tabs to‘enter’ the recessed portion of the object.

Preferably, said tabs have a length (distance over which they extend from the wall) ranging between 0.1 mm up to 5.0 mm, depending on the desired margin between the wall and the shape of the part of the object to be introduced. The length can thus be at least and/or at most 0.2 mm , 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm , 0.75 mm , 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.75 mm , 2.0 mm , 2.25 mm , 2.5 mm, 2.75 mm, 3.0 mm , 3.25 mm, 3.5 mm , 3.75 mm, 4.0 mm , 4.25 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.75 mm . However, higher values are equally possible.

I n a preferred embodiment, the inward protruding sections protrude inwardly from the wall over a distance of at most 1.5 cm , preferably at most 1.25 cm , more preferably at most 1.0 cm . Possibly, the protruding sections extend over at most 0.75 cm , 0.5 cm , 0.25 cm or less.

Preferably, the width (distance over which each tab extends along the perimeter of the wall) ranges between 1.0 mm up to 2.5 cm , and can thus at least and/or at most 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 6.0 mm, 7.0 mm, 8.0 mm, 9.0 mm, 10.0 mm, 11.0 mm, 12.0 mm, 13.0 mm, 14.0 mm, 15.0 mm, 16.0 mm, 17.0 mm, 18.0 mm , 19.0 mm, 20.0 mm , 21.0 mm , 22.0 mm, 23.0 mm, 24.0 mm . However, higher values are equally possible.

It is understood that limiting the width of the tabs to a maximum of 20.0 mm, or preferably 15.0 mm, or even more preferably 10.0 mm (or even less, such as 5.0 mm), provides great advantages. The deformation necessary to create the protrusions is limited in such an embodiment, which ensures that the metal structure of the packaging is not impacted too highly in regard of structural strength and flexibility. By creating‘longer’ protrusions, the metal is stressed m uch further, which can cause metal fatigue, but overall creates a strong reduction in thickness over a longer section of the packaging. Such a reduction cannot be avoided, but can only be reduced to a minimum, by ensuring that the protrusions are localized (i.e., do not extend over a maximal width) as proposed.

The number of cut-out tabs is dependent on width and length, and ranges anywhere between 3 and 50, and can thus be at least and/or at most 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45. However, higher values are equally possible.

I n some embodiments with a cylindrical receiving portion, the radius of the wall is at most 1.00 mm , preferably at most 0.90 mm , more preferably at least 0.80 mm or 0.75 mm, 0.70 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.60 mm, 0.55 mm , 0.50 mm, larger than the maximal diameter of the portion of the object to be inserted into the receiving portion. For cans and other cylindrical containers, this will be the margin on top of the seam portion, as this usually is the widest section of the container. I n bottles, this will relate to the neck portion only, disregarding the body.

I n a preferred embodiment, the inward protrusions are positioned with constant intervals along the perimeter of the wall, said inward protrusions defining the vertices of a regular polygon.

It is noted that it can be further advantageous to provide additional protrusions at established pressure zones, where a held object, such as a container, tends to put more pressure on the carrier, thereby ensuring that the object cannot accidentally release itself during use.

I n a preferred embodiment, the plate comprises one or two finger loops extending through the plate, preferably said finger loops comprising a substantially circular perimeter, whereby each of said finger loops is positioned adjacent to four retention means whereby said four retention means define a square with the finger loop at the center of said square.

I n a preferred embodiment, the hollow receiving portions are closed at the distal surface of the packaging. This means of course that the walls and the top of the receiving portions are closed, increasing the structural strength of the packaging. The skilled person knows that removing portions, by cutting, stamping or other methods, of a metal structure or sheet strongly impact the structural strength, as well as severely reduce the flexibility thereof, which is necessary to allow the tabs or protrusions to flex. Additionally, the resulting edges are typically sharp, presenting a safety hazard for the public, and can potentially damage a held container.

I n a preferred embodiment, the packaging is essentially closed over its entire upper surface (apart from optional finger loops and/or other small openings) . It is noted that, especially in view of sleek containers (low radius variation of seam portion versus rest of the container) , having a‘full’ carrier is crucial in ensuring the structural strength of the carrier, since the margins between neighboring receiving portions will be small (thereby allowing the containers to be stacked adjoiningly) . Without the receiving portion improving the structural strength, the material present in the small margins between the receiving portions would need heavier reinforcement in order to hold the weight of the containers. Note that this applies to the above embodiment as well, where the receiving portions are closed at their upper surface.

I n a preferred embodiment, the packaging consists of metal, preferably of aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy. Using metal has clear advantages aside from the ecological and economical aspect, such as better resistance against most chem icals, temperature fluctuations, impact resistance, tear resistance, strength, etc.

I n a preferred embodiment, each hollow receiving portion is essentially radially symmetrical around an axis perpendicular to the general flat packaging itself (usually cylindrical, though variations, such as a truncated cone or combinations of m ultiple cylinders and/or truncated cone sections of different radii are equally possible) . The distance between the centers of directly (not diagonally) adjoining receiving portions is dependent on the intended object to be held by the packaging, and is substantially equal to, or slightly higher than, the maximal diameter of the objects. Typically, a small margin is allowed for some flexibility, but this will generally not exceed a few mm in order to allow dense stacking of the retained objects. The smallest distance between neighboring receiving portions will be between a few mm (for instance 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm , 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm , 8 mm, 9 mm) up to a few cm (for instance 1 cm , 1.1 cm , 1.2 cm , 1.3 cm , 1.4 cm , 1.5 cm , 1.6 cm , 1.7 cm , 1.8 cm , 1.9 cm , 2.0 cm , 2.25 cm , 2.5 cm , 2.75 cm , 3.0 cm , 3.5 cm , 4.0 cm) .

I n a possible embodiment, the protrusions on the inner wall of the hollow receiving portions are provided non-symmetrically over the perimeter of the said wall. Such a formation can allow for certain directions to allow an easier release of the held object when applying an intended force in a certain direction. For instance, more and/or longer protrusions can be provided over certain regions (preferably in such a case on both opposite sides of the wall) to create a stronger retention, while less and/or shorter protrusions at other regions to provide a ‘favored’ release directions. I n a particular embodiment, more and/or longer protrusions are provided in regions that are positioned around the intersection of a line connecting the center of the retention means with the center of the packaging (or the closest finger loop or other gripping means) with the wall. This way, when carried, the objects will generally, under the influence of gravity, tilt along this line, creating more pressure there. The added support increases the insurance that the objects do not release. I nversely, by applying force perpendicular to the above line, an easy release is possible.

Even further, one can provide more and/or longer protrusions at the far side of the retention means (with respect to the center of the packaging) than at the close side of the retention means. This way, when carrying the packaging, the objects will mainly rest on the stronger far-side protrusions. When wishing to detach an object, the user will apply force to tilt the object with its bottom away from the center, thereby overcoming the lesser retention force of the inner-side protrusions and allowing easy release.

The invention at hand is particularly advantageous for transport of cans and containers, and especially so-called sleek containers or cans, where the cans have a radius that does not vary greatly over the entire height.

I n a second aspect, the invention pertains to an assembly comprising a secondary packaging and a plurality of objects, said secondary packaging being a packaging according to the invention of the first aspect. Each of the objects comprises a recessed cross-sectional outer section at a first end of the object, said recessed outer section being at least partly, preferably entirely, inwardly recessed with respect to an adjoining outer section adjoining said recessed outer section , said adjoining outer section proximal to the first end of the object.

Additionally, the receiving portion without considering the protrusions is adapted to allow insertion of a section of the objects at said first end, wherein the protrusions extend inwardly over a distance so as to all extend into the recessed outer section when the object is inserted into the receiving portion with the first end of the object.

I n a variation, the invention pertains to an assembly comprising a first and a second secondary packaging and a plurality of objects, said first and secondary packaging each being a packaging according to the invention of the first aspect.

Each of the objects comprises a first and a second recessed cross-sectional outer section on opposite ends of the objects, said first recessed outer section at least partly, preferably entirely, inwardly recessed in view of a first adjoining outer section adjoining said first recessed outer section, said first adjoining outer section proximal to the first end of the object, and said second recessed outer section at least partly, preferably entirely, inwardly recessed in view of a second adjoining outer section adjoining said second recessed outer section, said second adjoining outer section proximal to the second end of the object.

Herein, the receiving portion of the first secondary packaging without considering the protrusions thereof is adapted to allow insertion of a section of the objects at said first end, and wherein the protrusions extend inwardly over a distance so as to all extend into the first recessed outer section when the object is inserted into the receiving portion with the first end of the object.

Lastly, the receiving portion of the second secondary packaging without considering the protrusions thereof is adapted to allow insertion of a section of the objects at said second end, and wherein the protrusions extend inwardly over a distance so as to all extend into the second recessed outer section when the object is inserted into the receiving portion with the second end of the object.

The advantages of the above embodiment are clear, in that it provides a sandwiched carrier structure, which can then allow further interconnection of the first and second packaging (loops, hooks, etc.) .

Note that in all embodiments, a margin is ensured between the dimensions of the receiving portion and that of the (relevant part of the) object to be introduced, to ensure a good fit. This way, the protrusions need only extend over a small distance to ensure properly gripping the objects in the recessed section, and little volume is wasted. I n a preferred embodiment, the objects are cylindrical containers, preferably cans, comprising a double seam along the perimeter of the first end of the container, said double seam functioning as the adjoining outer section proximal to the first end of the object.

Alternatively, the objects may be bottles, with the ring (widened section at neck) and/or the closure means of the bottle (bottle cap, cork or other) , functioning as the adjoining outer section proximal to the first end of the object.

I n a third aspect, the invention pertains to the use of a (secondary) packaging according to the invention described in this document, for holding a plurality of objects, and specifically containers, in particular cans for liquids and/or food, and especially for beverage containers. Most particularly, it is aimed at so-called ‘sleek’ or‘slim’ cans, with low variation on the radius of the seam portion at the top of the can, and the radius of the bulk of the can.

Said packaging comprises a plate having an upper outside surface and a bottom outside surface. The plate comprises a plurality of retention means, preferably said retention means being provided in a grid formation on the plate. Each of the retention means comprises a hollow receiving portion protruding from the plate, said receiving portion comprising a wall and a top. The wall of the receiving portion is provided with at least 3, preferably 6 or more, tabs which are convexly detached from the wall and connected to the wall along one side of the tab, whereby the tab is adapted to substantially elastically bend outward (and inward) with respect to the wall.

Each of the tabs is provided with a protruding section extending inwardly in the hollow portion. The packaging comprises, and preferably consists of, metal.

The protruding sections preferably are all positioned at a substantially common fixed height with respect to the plate. Note that most, if not all, of the further embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are also applicable to this third aspect.

The above aspect allows for an easy application of the packaging to objects which comprise a recessed section, as discussed previously, as the tabs will in practice function sim ilar to a snap-fit connector. The tab itself is somewhat flexible to be bent to a position in which the protruding sections on the tabs are pushed outward, thereby allowing the insertion of the object, but it largely returns to its original position when the protruding sections snap into the recessed section of the objects. It should be noted that the deformation to this position is at least partly elastic deformation, ensuring that the tab returns to a position preventing return of the object. I n a preferred embodiment, said deformation is at least 1 to 10% elastic deformation, more preferably at least 25% , 40% , 50% , 60% , 70% , 80% , 90% up to 100% . It is noted that even a return of 1 % should in theory be sufficient with many types of snap-fit connections, as return is prevented due to the shape of the protruding sections. The application of the above principle allows an easy, intuitive grip on the objects.

Additionally, the use of metal instead of plastics or other materials (cardboard, etc.) , provides an interesting array of new options due to the technical properties of metals in terms of deformability, machinability, durability, robustness, strength, heat resistance (both high and low temperatures), moisture resistance, pressure resistance, and others. I n particular, in light of the present concept, the machinability and deformability are particularly useful.

It should be noted that the applicant specifically envisions the packaging to be preferably made from a flat plate of metal, by pressing means to shape the plate in the desired form , including receiving means, after which a limited number of cuts are applied (and/or other actions to create the tabs) to the receiving means, after which the tabs are deformed to create the protruding sections, preferably again via pressing. It should be appreciated that this form of production is without any additional material being introduced to the base plate. Moreover, the plate material does not need to be molten down, nor heated significantly in order to allow being processed.

Preferably, the protruding sections have a protrusion portion most distal to the top of the hollow receiving portion, which protrusion portion slopes inward to the centre of the receiving portion closer to the top of the receiving portion, thereby ensuring a smooth introduction of the section of object preceding the recessed section past the protruding sections. The slope of said protrusion portion preferably is comprised between 15° and 75° with respect to the wall, more preferably between 25 and 65° , even more preferably between 35 and 55°.

Preferably, the protruding sections have a portion most proximal to the top of the hollow receiving portion , which protrusion portion slopes inward to the centre of the hollow receiving portion further from the top thereof. I n a preferred embodiment, said protrusion portion slopes inward under an angle with respect to the wall of at least 60°, preferably at least 75° and most preferably about 90 Note that in some embodiments, an angle can be obtained of even more than 90°. This further ensures that objects that are ‘snapped’ by the protruding sections, are reliably retained (avoiding accidental release of the object).

Preferably, each hollow receiving portion is provided with at least 3, preferably at least 4, 6, 8 tabs (depending on the positioning of the tabs) . Embodiments can be envisioned with thinner tabs (along the perimeter), but with a high number thereof, preferably grouped over a number of clusters (for instance, 4 clusters of 2, 3, 4 tabs) .

I n most cases, the (inner) radius of the receiving portion will be around 2.5 cm to 4.0 cm , specifically between 2.9 cm and 3.4 cm , but can vary depending on the application. For instance, for bottles, the radius will be significantly lower between 1.0 cm to 2.0 cm , specifically between 1.3 mm and 1.7 mm . For larger objects, the radius can be significantly higher than 4.0 cm (for instance, a carrier for transporting kegs).

I n a preferred embodiment, the protruding sections on at least one, preferably on each tab extend across the entire tab in the plane parallel to the plate of the packaging.

Considering the protruding sections actually form a‘grip’ that positions itself under the section adjoining the recessed section of the object that is introduced in the hollow receiving portion, the dimension along which the protruding sections effectively extend under said adjoining section portion, should be maximized, ensuring the necessary support for an introduced object. This, especially combined with a specific snap-fit form of the protruding sections (from the plate toward the top of the hollow receiving portion : a gentle slope upward at first toward the centre, strong or even perpendicular slope away from the centre) , allows easy insertion and strong retention.

I n a preferred embodiment, the receiving portions are provided in a rectangular grid formation on the plate, said rectangular grid defining an X direction in the plane of the plate and a Y direction in the plane of the plate, said Y direction perpendicular to the X direction, whereby the tabs are positioned in four zones on the walls, which zones lie centered around the intersection of the bisectors of the X and Y direction through the centre of the receiving portions with the walls, preferably whereby each zone extends over at most 1/6 of the perimeter of the wall.

It should be noted that by creating a tab in the wall of the hollow receiving portions, they are somewhat weakened locally. I n this light, the tab can be in‘zones’ staggered with respect to the ‘border zones’ between neighboring hollow receiving portions, where greater forces will be present on the walls as well. By staggering these, optimal structural strength is ensured.

When considering the placement of the receiving portions in a typical rectangular grid formation, one can consider the axes connecting the centres of directly neighboring receiving portions of a first receiving portion, as intersecting with the wall of the first hollow receiving portion at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° with respect to the centre of the first hollow receiving portion. The zones with tabs then lie centered on the walls at angles of 45° , 135°, 225° and 315° with respect to the centre of the first receiving portion. The above is from a top view of the packaging, perpendicular to the plate thereof.

Preferably, the zones each separately extend over a circle sector with a central angle of at least 30°, preferably at least 20° or even 25°, 36°, 35°, 40° or 45° m inimally. The maximal central angle is somewhat limited by the ‘border zones’ between neighboring receiving portions, and is preferably maxed out at 75°, and more preferably at 70°, 65°, 60°, 55°, 50° or 45°.

I n a preferred embodiment, the side of the tab connecting the tab to the wall is substantially parallel to the plate of the packaging.

I n a preferred embodiment, the retention tabs are detached from the wall along a U- or V-shaped edge. These shapes are especially suited for the tabs in order to give them a solid base for connection with the wall, as well as providing sufficient surface for the protruding sections (especially the U-shape) . It should be understood that the lines of U and V specifically demark the separation of wall and tab.

I n a specifically preferred embodiment, the tabs extend from the side connecting the tab to the wall in a direction toward the top of the receiving portion. I n an alternative specifically preferred embodiment, the tabs extend from the side connecting the tab to the wall in a direction away from the top of the receiving portion.

The above two examples allow the tabs to flex/bend optimally when faced with the outward pressure of the wider section of an object that is being introduced. Additionally, the risk of plastic deformation is m inimal, as the deformation is spread out over the entire length of the tab (distance from the connection to the wall to most distal point of the tab) . Low local deformation keeps everything in the elastic deformation range, ensuring the tab to snap back properly and thereby‘lock up’ the object once the wider portion passes the protruding sections.

I n a preferred embodiment, each tab, and preferably also the protruding section thereon, extends over at least 2.5% , preferably at least 5.0% , more preferably at least 7.5% , of the perimeter of the wall. I n some embodiments, the tabs (and preferably the protruding sections thereon) each extend over at least 10.0% , 12.5% , 15% or 20% of the perimeter of the wall. It should be noted that too narrow tabs may provide insufficient strength to hold the object after introduction and can bend back separately from each other, producing a cascading effect. It is in this light that it is also not recommended to provide a high amount of separate tabs instead of one or two wider tabs.

I n a preferred embodiment, the protruding sections in total extend over at least 25% of the perimeter of the wall, preferably over at least 30% , more preferably over at least 40% . The applicant notes that the above lower limits ensures proper retention of an object, such as a container, once the wider portion passes the protruding sections during introduction of the container in the hollow receiving portion , especially for the usual snap-fit protruding sections (90° angle upon return).

I n a preferred embodiment, the tab extends from the side connecting said tab to the wall over a distance of at least 2.0 mm , or at least 2.5 mm , preferably at least 3.0 mm, more preferably at least 3.5 mm , most preferably at least 4.0 mm , to the most distal point of the tab with respect to the connecting side.

I n general, said tabs can have a length varying between 0.1 mm up to 5.0 mm, depending on the margin between the wall and the seam portion radius. The length can thus be at least and/or at most 0.2 mm , 0.3 mm , 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1.0 mm,

1.5 mm , 1.75 mm , 2.0 mm, 2.25 mm, 2.5 mm , 2.75 mm , 3.0 mm, 3.25 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.75 mm, 4.0 mm , 4.25 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.75 mm . Nonetheless, higher values are equally possible.

The width (distance over which the tab extends along the perimeter of the wall) can vary between 1.0 mm up to 2.5 cm , and can thus at least and/or at most 1.5 mm,

2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm , 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm , 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm , 6.0 mm , 7.0 mm,

8.0 mm , 9.0 mm, 10.0 mm , 11.0 mm , 12.0 mm , 13.0 mm , 14.0 mm , 15.0 mm , 16.0 mm, 17.0 mm, 18.0 mm, 19.0 mm, 20.0 mm, 21.0 mm , 22.0 mm , 23.0 mm , 24.0 mm. However, higher values are equally possible. The number of tabs is dependent on width and length, and ranges anywhere between 3 and 50, and can thus be at least and/or at most 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45. However, higher values are equally possible.

A sufficient length of the tab is desirable, as this optimally spreads the deformation upon passage of the seam portion, thereby ensuring that no or very little plastic deformation to the tab is inflicted.

Detailed description of the Figures

Figures 1 A, 1 B and 1 C show the details of a possible embodiment of a secondary packaging (1 ) according to the invention , for the particular application of holding containers, though the person skilled in the art may readily adapt this for holding most types of objects. The same applies to the other embodiments shown in the Figures.

As can be seen, the packaging (1 ) is essentially closed at the upper surface, aside from the two finger loops (6) which are distanced to allow easy handling by a person (typically between 10 cm and 20 cm apart) .

The packaging (1 ) comprises a plate (8) provided with a number of receiving portions (2) in a grid formation (3 x 2 in this case) , effectively forming a rectangular formation. The distances between the receiving portions (2) is equal in this case (although variations are possible) , with a margin (7) present between two adjoining receiving portions (2) .

Each receiving portion comprises a wall (3) and a top (4) , with the wall (3) being generally cylindrical (again, variations are possible) . I n the particular embodiments of Figures 1 A, 1 B, 1 C, 2A and 2B, the top comprises a first flat ring (9) with a central dome (10) that is slightly raised with respect to the flat ring (9) .

The cross-sectional view of Figure 1 B clearly shows a possible embodiment of an inward protrusion (5) , in this case a small dimple on the wall (3). As can be seen, this leaves a sufficient distance above the protrusion (5) to the top section (4, 9) wherein the ledge (12) of a container (11) is held. I n this version, four protrusions (5) are provided on the wall (3) at equidistant locations (defining a square) .

Figure 1 C shows another cross-section of the packaging of Figure 1 A. Of particular note here is the rolled edge (15), to avoid cutting or hurting users. Figures 2 A and 2B show small variations on the preceding Figures, in that a higher number of protrusions (5) are provided on the wall (3), in this case twelve in total, again positioned at equidistant locations, thereby defining a regular dodecagon.

I n both cases, the protrusions (5) extend inwards sufficiently to forms an inscribed circle with lower radius than the ledge (12) of a container (11), namely the adjoining outer section (12), but with higher (or at least equal) radius than the portion directly inferior (13) to the ledge (12), namely the recessed outer section ( 13) of the container.

Figures 3 A, 3B and 3C finally show a number of containers (11), Figure 3A showing a can, Figure 3B showing a jar with lid, and Figure 3C showing a bottle with cap. As can be appreciated, these examples are not limiting but merely illustrative for the concept.

Each of the containers (11) has a ledge (12), in the first example the actual seam of the can where the lid and wall (14) of the can are adjoined, in the second example the lid of a jar, and in the third example the cap (be it screw caps, pull caps, or others) of the bottle.

Beneath this, a recessed portion (13) is present directly inferior to the ledge (12) where the protrusions extend inwardly to once applied.

Figures 4 A, 4B and 4C show the details of a possible embodiment of a secondary packaging (1 ) according to the fourth aspect of the invention. As can be seen, the packaging (1 ) is essentially closed at the upper surface, aside from the two finger loops (6) which are distanced to allow easy handling by a person (typically between 10 cm and 20 cm apart) , and aside from the cut-out tabs (5) .

The packaging (1 ) comprises a plate (8) provided with a number of receiving portions (2) in a grid formation (3 x 2 in this case) , effectively forming a rectangular formation. The distances between the receiving portions (2) is equal in this case (although variations are possible) , with a margin (7) present between two adjoining receiving portions (2) .

Each receiving portion comprises a wall section (3) and a top (4) , with the wall (3) being generally cylindrical (again, variations are possible) . I n the particular embodiments of Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, the top comprises a first flat ring (9) with a central dome (10) that is slightly raised with respect to the flat ring (9) . The tabs (5), shown in more detail on Figure 4C, are provided in 4 zones, whereby each zone has two U-shaped tabs (5) . Each tab is provided with an inwardly extending protruding section (15), in the shape of a V-bend, whereby the lower slope is gradual, and the upper slope is more abrupt, approaching a 90° angle with the wall or feet of the tab.

I n both cases, the tabs (5) extend inwards sufficiently to forms an inscribed circle with lower radius than the ledge (12) of a container (11), but with higher (or at least equal) radius than the portion directly inferior ( 13) to the ledge (12).

Figure 5 A shows a cross-section of a receiving portion (2) where the tab (5) extends downwards away from the top (4) of the receiving portion (2) , having a U-shaped cut-out with the U open towards the top (4) . A protruding section (15) is present that extends inwardly, and has a V-shaped cross-section, with the V being open towards the centre of the receiving portion (2) . The lower lip of the protruding section (15) is provided to catch under the ledge of a container once it is introduced, after the tab (5) is flexed (see arrows) during passage of the ledge past said lower lip of the protruding section (15).

Figure 5 B shows an alternative embodiment, where the V-shape of the cross-section of the protruding section is open towards the exterior of the receiving portion (2) , with the‘middle’ of the V catching under the ledge of a container once it is introduced, after the tab (5) is flexed (see arrows) during passage of the ledge past said‘middle’ of the protruding section (15).

Note that similar embodiments are possible where the tabs extend upwards towards the top (4) of the receiving portion (2) .

It is supposed that the present invention is not restricted to any form of realization described previously and that some modifications can be added to the presented example of fabrication without reappraisal of the appended claims. For example, the present invention has been described referring to containers in general, but it is clear that the invention can be applied to cans, jars, bottles for instance with the contents being of lim ited importance.