The object of the invention is a through construction element for leading especially heat, water, sewer, electricity and air conditioning pipelines sealingly through the vaults between different floors or different spaces in buildings.

In traditional building holes for installing the said pipelines have been provided during the vault construction stage. Several pipes have usually been fitted through one hole. Timewise the installation of the pipes has not been carried out until all the holes in an entire flue construction or equivalent have been made.

The space utilization in the flue has been indefinite .and often .insufficient with respect to the flue space, since each fitter has installed his pipes in any random manner. Due to uncontrol¬ led space utilization excessively large flues have taken up ex¬ pensive square meters of the construction area.

The sealing of the through constructions and the installation or construction of the flue walls could not be carried out un¬ til all the installations in the flue had been carried out and tested for pressure.

The sealing of the through constructions must be done with re¬ latively fluid concrete mass or equivalent in order to achieve sufficient sealing. Therefore, the mould made around the pipe before casting must be very precisely dimensioned. Since the mould must be made manually at each hole, this incurs substan¬ tial costs.

During the dismantling of the mould breakings of for example sewer pipe ends often occurs, whereupon the pipe will in most cases have to be pick dressed open and reconstructed up to the

first joint. This often incurs unreasonable and completely unp¬ redictable costs.

In employing the present method, time, money and materials are wasted, the utilization of space is uncontrolled and the open holes create a danger of falling.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages. This object has been achieved with the through construction element relating to the invention, the said ele¬ ment being characterized in that the through construction ele¬ ment comprises a framework cast of concrete or lightweight ag¬ gregate concrete, to which has during manufacture been cast solid a connecting piece extending through the framework of the element for each pipe to be led through, for continuing each pipe at both ends of the connecting piece and/or a pipe insula¬ tion piece for fitting each pipe to be led through sealingly through the framework of the element.

With the through construction element relating to the inventi¬ on, which is comprised of a factory-made element made in accor¬ dance with the flue drawing, the wasting of materials will be discontinued, the utilization of flue space will be controlled, the order of installation will be obvious, there will be no waste square meters, unnecessary work will be eliminated and the construction timetable can be shortened due to the rapid installation of the flues. The shortening of time is essential¬ ly affected by the fact that the pipes to be installed in the flue can be installed in layers and can, therefore, also be tested for pressure in layers. The flue walls can be installed immediately after this. Furthermore,, an extremely important as¬ pect to be taken into account is that the danger of falling will no longer exists.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention the arrangement is

such that the upper edge of the connecting piece and/or the pi¬ pe insulation piece is on the same level with the upper edge of the framework. The effect of this is that the through construc¬ tion element can be cast turned upside down in a simple manner by using a planar casting base. In one preferred embodiment the framework is encircled by a collar made of plate-like material, preferably of metal plate. Thus, the said collar suitably sup¬ ported will act, in addition to its other functions to be de¬ scribed below, as a mould for the element's side walls in con¬ nection with the casting of the element.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention the arrangment is such that the lower end of the collar extends below the lo¬ wer surface of the framework. In addition, the arrangement may advantageously be such that the lower end of the collar may comprise one or more essentially horizontal projections. Thus, due to the suitable dimensioning of the collar, the element will automatically settle on the correct level, whereupon the fastening of the element for its final fixing casting can be carried out for example by shooting fixing nails through the horizontal projection or alternatively, in fixing to the wall, through the vertical collar.

In yet another preferred embodiment of .the invention the arran¬ gement is such that the collar projection is resiliently yield¬ ing. Due to this the through construction element can be fitted from the top through the flue hole and after that the element can be fastened from its projections from below. This is advan¬ tageous especially when ready-made bathroom elements are used, in which case the installing of the through construction ele-^ ment is preferably carried out after the bathroom element has been installed.

The invention is described in greater detail below with refer¬ ence to the attached drawings.

Figure 1 shows an upper view of the through construction ele¬ ment relating to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a section along line II-II of figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a section along line III-III of figure 1.

Figure 4 shows a section along line IV-IV of figure 1.

Figure 5 shows two through construction elements already in¬ stalled into place with pipes installed therebetween.

In figure 1 is illustrated as an upper view an embodiment of the through construction element, the sectional views of which are illustrated in figures 2 - 4. The through construction ele¬ ment marked with reference numeral 1 is always constructed in accordance with specific flue drawings and thus the dimensions and design of the element as well as the dimensions and number of pipes to be led through will always vary according to case.

The through construction element 1 comprises a slab-like frame¬ work 2 cast of concrete or lightweight aggragate concrete. To it has during manufacture been cast solid a connecting piece extending through the framework 2 for each pipe to be led through. In the embodiment of figure 1 reference.numeral 3* re¬ fers to the connecting piece of the sewer pipe, reference nume¬ ral 4' refers to six electrical pipe connecting pieces and re¬ ference numeral 5' refers to the air conditioning pipe connect¬ ing piece. Each connecting piece 3', 4', 5' has been made of the same pipe material as the pipe to be led through the vault, e.g. sewer pipe 3, electrical pipe 4 or air conditioning pipe 5 (figure 5). Each pipe 3, 4, 5 can be continued at both ends of connecting piece 3', 4', 5' in manners known as such.

Especially in connection with heat and water pipes it is more

advantageous to carry out the leading through element 1 by pro¬ viding the element during its casting with pipe insulation pie¬ ces 6' for fitting each pipe 6 to be led through sealingly through the framework 2 of element 1. Thus the joining points of heat or water pipe 6 can be provided in the desired position outside the framework 2.

As appears best from figure 2, the framework 2 is encircled by a collar 7-made of plate-like material, prefereably of metal plate. The upper end of the collar 7 is fitted on the same le¬ vel with the upper surface 8 of the framework 2. The upper ed¬ ges of connecting pieces 3', 4', 5* and of the pipe insulation pieces 6' are also arranged on the same level with the upper edge 8 of the framework 2.

The upper surface of the element 1 thus forms a uniform level which is particularly important, at the manufacturing stage of element 1 as will be described in greater detail below.

At the upper end of collar 7 is an extension 11 bent inside the framework 2, which extension on the one hand stiffens the col¬ lar 7 before the casting of the framework 2 and on the other hand ensures the bond between the collar 7 and the framework 2 after casting. The lower end of the collar 7 extends below the lower surface 9 of the framework 2, because the thickness of the framework 2 is determined by the fire load of each build¬ ing, which means that the thickness of the framework 2 can nor¬ mally be substantially smaller than the thickness of the vault, which for its part lightens element 1 and facilitates its hand¬ ling. To the lower end of collar 7 are also bent horizontal projections 10, normally 1 projection on each side of the ele¬ ment 1. The height of the collar 7 is dimensioned in such a way that when the element 1 is arranged to be supported on the pro¬ jections 10 in a manner described below, the upper surface 8 of the element 1 will settle on the desired level.

Collar 7 can be made of a uniform, e.g. hot galvanized, steel plate profile provided with an extension 11 and a projection 10 by bending the profile to a desired shape once a notch has been made in the extension 11 and a groove (not shown) in the pro¬ jection 10 at the intended corner. The ends of the already bent collar 7 may, if necessary, be joined together e.g. with blind rivets (not-shown). In the corners of collar 7, the notches between projections 10 may, if necessary, be covered e.g. with a plate member (not shown) .

As appears best from figure 1, in the framework of element 1 can at its casting stage be embedded suitable gripping means 12 made for example of reinforcing steel, which means extend be¬ yond element 1. These means 12 can, if necessary, be formed in¬ to lifting handles. Their main function is, however, to ensure the joint between element 1 and the vault.

The connecting piece, its part or, as illustrated in figures 3 and 4, extension 3 ⁿ can, if necessary, be arranged to extend also through collar 7.

At the installation stage the through construction element 1 may be supported on, for example, shuttering or on a concrete cover plate 13 (figure 5) „ Once the element has been accurately fitted into place, the element is pre-fixed, for example, by nailing through projection 10 to the shuttering or to the cover plate 13. The final fixing of element 1 takes place in connect¬ ion with the casting of the vault plate 14.

When cavity slabs are used, element 1 can be fitted to the hole made in the cavity slab from below, whereupon the preliminary fixing of the element takes place by shooting the projections 10 fixedly to the lower surface of the slab. By arranging the projections 10 of collar 7 of element 1 to be resiliently yielding, element 1 can, if necessary, also be fitted through

the cavity slab from above, in which case element 1 is lowered down until projections 10 are back in their rest position, af¬ ter which, when the element is slightly lifted, the projections 10 are placed against the lower surface of the cavity slab to which they can then be fixed.. The final fixing of the element is carried out by casting up the slot between the cavity slab hole and element 1 with concrete.

Especially in connection with cavity slabs, the elements 1 can be fixed e.g. by means of suitable lathes (not shown) in a pre¬ liminary manner into place already by the cavity slab manufac¬ turer in such a way that for elements 1 is provided a small si¬ deways slack. Thus the final placing and fixing of the elements 1 is carried out after the cavity slab has been fitted into place.

Once two successive through construction elements of the same flue construction have been finally installed into place, the pipes to be positioned between them can also be fitted into place.

Since the actual pipe installations after the elements 1 have been installed are fully known to persons skilled in the art, reference is here made in an exemplary manner only to figure 5. In it a sewer pipe 3 has been continued by using a slide muff 15 and correspondingly an air conditioning pipe 5 by using con¬ necting parts 16. The electrical pipes on the other hand can be extended for example by using couplings 17 or pipes extended at their ends, connecting piece 4'. The extensions and joints of heat and water pipes 6 fitted through pipe insulation pieces 6* can be carried out freely and by employing known methods.